DOCSLIB.ORG

Lanzamientos De Satelites Notificados En 1974

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

This electronic version (PDF) was scanned by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Library & Archives Service from an original paper document in the ITU Library & Archives collections. La présente version électronique (PDF) a été numérisée par le Service de la bibliothèque et des archives de l'Union internationale des télécommunications (UIT) à partir d'un document papier original des collections de ce service. Esta versión electrónica (PDF) ha sido escaneada por el Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (UIT) a partir de un documento impreso original de las colecciones del Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la UIT. (ITU) ﻟﻼﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻻﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺃﺟﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﺝ (PDF) ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ .ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻼ ً◌ 此电子版（PDF版本）由国际电信联盟（ITU）图书馆和档案室利用存于该处的纸质文件扫描提供。 Настоящий электронный вариант (PDF) был подготовлен в библиотечно-архивной службе Международного союза электросвязи путем сканирования исходного документа в бумажной форме из библиотечно-архивной службы МСЭ. © International Telecommunication Union lanzamientos de satélites notificados en 1974 Esta lista integra los satélites artificiales lanzados en 1974; está basada en los datos proporcionados por las administraciones de telecomunicaciones, el Comité de Investigaciones Espaciales (COSPAR), el Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC — Centro de Vuelos Espaciales Goddard) de la Administración Nacional de la Aeronáutica y del Espacio (NASA), de Estados Unidos, el Ministerio de Comunicaciones de la URSS, el Centre national d'études spatiales (CNES), de Francia, la Junta Internacional de Registro de Frecuencias (IFRB), uno de los cuatro organismos permanentes de la UIT, y en las informaciones publicadas por la prensa especializada. Los parámetros orbitales son los datos iniciales. No se han tenido en cuenta los fragmentos o secciones de los propulsores satelizados con los distintos artefactos. BOLETIN DE TELECOMUNICACIONES - VOL. 42 - IV/1975 COSHOS-654 1974 32A HOLNYA-2 (10) 1974 56A A COSHOS-655 1974 35A D HOLNYA-2 (11) 1974 102A C0SM0S-656 19 74 36A HOLNYA-3 (1) 1974 92A C0SH0S-657 1974 38A COSHOS-658 1974 41A C0SM0S-659 1974 43A N AEROS-2 1974 55A COSMOS-660 1974 44A DHSP 1974 15A ANS-1 1974 70A COSMOS-661 1974 45A DMSP 1974 63A ARIEL-5 1974 77A C0SM0S-662 1974 4 7A NNTS-1 1974 54A ATS-6 1974 39A COSMOS-663 1974 48A NOAA-4 1974 89A COSMOS-664 1974 49A COSMOS-665 1974 50A H COSMOS-666 1974 53A O B C0SM0S-667 1974 57A HAWKEYE 1974 40A COSMOS—668 1974 5 8A HELIOS-1 1974 97A C0SM0S-669 1974 59A OS CAR-7 1974 89B BIG BIRD 1974 85A COSMOS-670 1974 61A C0SH0S-671 1974 62A i S C0SM0S-672 1974 64A I C C0SM0S-673 1974 66A C0SM0S-674 1974 68A COSMOS-675 1974 69A INTASAT 1974 89C SALYUT-3 1974 46 A C0SM0S-628 1974 1A C0SM0S-676 1974 71A INTELSAT-IV F8 1974 93A SALYUT-4 1974 104A COSMOS-629 1974 3A C0SM0S-677 1974 72A INTERCOSMOS—11 1974 34A SAHOS-97 1974 7A COSHOS-630 1974 4 A COSHOS-678 1974 72B INTER COSRO S—12 19 74 86A SAHOS-98 1974 20A C0SM0S-631 1974 5A C0SM0S-679 1974 72 C SAMOS-99 1974 42A COSMOS-632 19 74 6A COSMOS-680 1974 72 D SAHOS-100 1974 65A COSMOS-633 1974 10A C0SH0S-681 1974 72E 1 SAN MAR CO—4 1974 9A COSMOS-634 1974 12A C0SM0S-682 1974 72 F L SKYNET-IIA 1974 2A COSKOS-635 1974 14A COSMOS-683 1974 72G SKYNET-IIB 1974 94A COSMOS-636 1974 16A C0SM0S-684 SHS-1 1974 33A 1974 72H LUNA-22 1974 37A COSMOS-637 1974 17A C0SM0S-685 SOYUZ-14 1974 51A 1974 73A LUNA-23 1974 84A COSMOS-638 1974 18A C0SM0S-686 1974 74A SOYUZ-15 1974 67A COSHOS-639 1974 19A CO SMOS-6 87 1974 76A SOYUZ-16 1974 96 A COSMOS-640 1974 21A C0SM0S-688 1974 78A SYMPHONIE 1974 101A COSHOS-641 1974 24A C0SM0S-689 1974 79A M COSMOS-642 1974 24B COSHOS-690 1974 80A T COSMOS-643 1974 24C COSHOS-691 1974 82 A i COSMOS-644 19 74 240 C0SM0S-692 19 74 87A HETEOR-16 1974 11A COSMOS-645 1974 24E C0SH0S-693 1974 88A HETEOR-17 1974 25A COSHOS-646 1974 24F COSMOS-694 1974 90A HE TEOR-1 8 1974 52 A TANSEI-2 1974 8A C0SM0S-647 1974 24G C0SH0S-695 1974 91A HETEOR-19 1974 83A C0SH0S-648 1974 24H C0SM0S-696 1974 95A METEOR-20 1974 99A COSMOS-649 19 74 27A C0SH0S-697 1974 98A HIRANDA 1974 13A w COSMOS-650 1974 2 8A COSMOS-698 1974 10DA HOLNYA-1 (27) 1974 23A C0SH0S-651 1974 29A C0SM0S-699 1974 1D3A HOLNYA-1 (28) 1974 81A COSMOS-652 1974 30A COSHOS-700 1974 105 A HOLNYA-1S 1974 60 A WESTAR-1 1974 22A COSMOS-653 1974 31A COSHOS-701 1974 106A HOLNYA-2 (9) 19 74 26A WESTAR-2 1974 75A País Denominación Frecuencia Núm ero Organización Perigeo Periodo Descripción Fecha Potencia del Observaciones internacional Lugar del Apogeo Inclinación de la cosmonave transmisor lanzamiento Cosm os-628 1974-1-A URSS 17 en ero 975 km 105 min Lleva aparatos científicos, sistema radioeléctrico para (PLE) 1026 km 83° mediciones precisas de elementos orbitales y sistema de radiotelemedida. Satélite de navegación Skynet-IIA 1974-2-A Reino Unido 19 enero 1074 km El vehículo espacial quedó inutilizado a causa de un fallo Ministry of 31 300 km 26,5° en el lanzamiento. Defence destinadc a una órbita (ETR) sincró nica sobre Se desintegró el 25 de enero de 1975 el Oce ano índico Cosmos-629 1974-3-A URSS 24 enero 202 km 89,4 min 19,995 MHz Llevaba aparatos científicos, sistema radioeléctrico para (PLE) 315 km 62,8° mediciones precisas de elementos orbitales y sistema de radiotelemedida. Satélite de reconocimiento y vigilancia. Regresó a la Tierra el 5 de febrero de 1974 Cosm os-630 1974-A74 URSS 30 enero 213 km 90 min Llevaba aparatos científicos, sistema radioeléctrico para (PLE) 367 km 72,9° mediciones precisas de elementos orbitales y sistema de radiotelemedida. Satélite de reconocimiento y vigilancia. Regresó a la Tierra el 13 de febrero de 1974 Cosmos-631 1974-5-A URSS 6 feb. 522 km 95,3 min Lleva aparatos científicos, sistema radioeléctrico para (PLE) 565 km 74,0° mediciones precisas de elementos orbitales y sistema de radiotelemedida. Satélite de navegación Cosm os-632 1974-6-A URSS 12 feb. 184 km 89,4 min Llevaba aparatos científicos, sistema radioeléctrico para (BAI) 333 km 65° mediciones precisas de elementos orbitales y sistema de radiotelemedida. Satélite de reconocimiento y vigilancia. Regresó a la Tierra el 26 de febrero de 1974 Sam os-97 1974-7-A Estados 13 feb. 132 km 89,9 min Satélite de reconocimiento y vigilancia. Ocean surveillance Unidos 404 km 110,4° system (OSS). USAF (W TR) Regresó a la Tierra el 17 de marzo de 1974 Tansei-2 (MS-T2) 1974-8-A Japón 16 feb. 288 km 121,85 min 136,725 MHz Lleva equipo experimental para el sistema magnético Instituto de 3238 km 31,2° 100 m W de control de actitud del satélite, sistema de medida del Ciencias (radiofaro) funcionamiento del equipo y sistema de telemedida Espaciales y Aeronáuticas 400,450 MHz (KSC) 100 m W (radiofaro intermitente) 1 BOLETÍN DE TELECOMUNICACIONES - VOL. 42-IVI1975 País Denominación Frecuencia Número Organización Perigeo Periodo Descripción Fecha Potencia del Observaciones internacional Lugar del Apogeo Inclinación de la cosmonave transm isor lanzamiento San Marco-4 1974-9-A Italia 18 feb. 243 km 96,3 min 136,74 MHz Objetivos: medir las variaciones diarias de la densidad de CRA 919,7 km 2,89° (transmisión de datos mediante la atmósfera neutra ecuatorial, su composición y tempe­ satélite esférico; diámetro: (SM) órdenes) ratura. 0,70 m; masa: 170 kg; 4 antenas de 0,485 m Se efectuará la correlación de estos datos con los de Explorer-51 para estudios de física de la termosfera Cosmos-633 1974-10-A URSS 27 feb. 280 km 92,2 min Llevaba aparatos científicos, sistema radioeléctrico para (PLE) 516 km 71° mediciones precisas de elementos orbitales y sistema de radiotelemedida. Se desintegró el 4 de octubre de 1974 M eteor-16 1974-11-A URSS 5 marzo 853 km 102,2 min Lleva aparatos meteorológicos, sistema radioeléctrico (PLE) 906 km 81,2° para mediciones precisas de elementos orbitales y sistema de radiotelemedida Cosmos-634 1974-12-A URSS 5 marzo 281 km 92,2 min Llevaba aparatos científicos. (PLE) 516 km 71,0° Se desintegró el 9 de octubre de 1974 Miranda (UK-X4) 1974-13-A Reino Unido 9 marzo Satélite científico. Lleva equipo para 5 experimentos: NASA 1) subsistema de control de orientación; satélite rectangular, estabilización (WTR) 2 ) sensor infrarrojos en el plano horizontal; tres ejes; altura: 0,835 m; anchura: 0,665 m; 3) sensor estelar un solo eje; masa: 93,4 kg; células solares 4 ) sensor albedo en el plano horizontal; 5 ) experimento para determinar la degradación de las células solares de silicio en órbita Cosmos-635 1974-14-A URSS 14 marzo 212 km 89,8 min 19,995 MHz Llevaba aparatos científicos, sistema radioeléctrico para (PLE) 350 km 72,9° mediciones precisas de elementos orbitales y sistema de radiotelemedida. Misión de reconocimiento fotográfico y vigilancia. Regresó a la T ierra el 26 de marzo de 1974 DMSP 1974-15-A Estados 16 marzo 780 km 101,5 min Satélite del Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Unidos 876 km 98,9° USAF (W TR) 2 Cosmos-636 1974-16-A URSS 20 m arzo 174 km 90,0 min Llevaba aparatos científicos, sistema radioeléctrico para (BAI) 409 km 65,0° mediciones precisas de elementos orbitales y sistema de radiotelemedida.
Recommended publications
  • NTIA Technical Report TR-78-9 Current Activities in Small Earth

    NTIA Technical Report TR-78-9 Current Activities in Small Earth

    NTtA-REPORT -78-9 Current Activities in Small Earth Terminal Satellite Domestic Telecommunications Paul I. Wells u.s. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Juanita M. Kreps, Secretary Henry Geller, Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information August 1978 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES v LIST OF TABLES vi ABSTRACT 1 1. INTRODUCTION. 1 2 . DOMESTIC S,ATELLITES - PRESENT AND PLANNED 2 2.1. Domestic Satellite Technical Characteristics 6 2.1.1. Western Union WESTAR Satellite 6 2.1.2. RCA Americom SATCOM Satellite 6 2.1.3. Comsat General COMSTAR Satellite 8 2.1.4. S~tellite Business Systems ~pacecraft 10 2.2. Domestic Satellite Channel Capacity 10 2.3. Multiple Access in Satellite Communications 11 3. DOMESTIC EARTH STATIONS - PRESENT AND PLANNED 14 3.1. Domesti~ Earth Station Applications 15 3 .1.1. Point~to-poi,nt Communication Services 15 3 .1. 2. Point-'to-Multipoint Communication Services 16 3.2. Domestic Earth Stati6rt Facilities 17 3.3. Domestic Eart'h Station Equipment Costs 19 4. PREPARATION FOR THE GENERAL WARC IN 1979 31 4.1. Allocations for Fixed- and Broad~asting- Satellite Service 36 4.1.1. 2.50 GHz to 2.69 GHz 52 4.1.2. 3.4 GHz to 3.7 GHZ 56 4.1.3. 3.70 GHz to 4.20 GHz 57 4 . 1. 4. 4.40 GHz to 4.70 GHz 57 4.1.5. 5.725 GHz to 5.925 GHz 58 4.1.6. 7.25 GHz to 7.75 GHz 58 4.1.7. 7.90 GHz to 8.40 GHz 58 4.1.8.
  • Soviet Steps Toward Permanent Human Presence in Space

    Soviet Steps Toward Permanent Human Presence in Space

    SALYUT: Soviet Steps Toward Permanent Human Presence in Space December 1983 NTIS order #PB84-181437 Recommended Citation: SALYUT: Soviet Steps Toward Permanent Human Presence in Space–A Technical Mere- orandum (Washington, D. C.: U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, OTA- TM-STI-14, December 1983). Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 83-600624 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 Foreword As the other major spacefaring nation, the Soviet Union is a subject of interest to the American people and Congress in their deliberations concerning the future of U.S. space activities. In the course of an assessment of Civilian Space Stations, the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) has undertaken a study of the presence of Soviets in space and their Salyut space stations, in order to provide Congress with an informed view of Soviet capabilities and intentions. The major element in this technical memorandum was a workshop held at OTA in December 1982: it was the first occasion when a significant number of experts in this area of Soviet space activities had met for extended unclassified discussion. As a result of the workshop, OTA prepared this technical memorandum, “Salyut: Soviet Steps Toward Permanent Human Presence in Space. ” It has been reviewed extensively by workshop participants and others familiar with Soviet space activities. Also in December 1982, OTA wrote to the U. S. S. R.’s Ambassador to the United States Anatoliy Dobrynin, requesting any information concerning present and future Soviet space activities that the Soviet Union judged could be of value to the OTA assess- ment of civilian space stations.
  • Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log 1961±2006

    Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log 1961±2006

    Praxis Manned Space¯ight Log 1961±2006 Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler with Michael D. Shayler Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log 1961±2006 Published in association with PPraxisraxis PPublishiublishingng Chichester, UK Tim Furniss David J. Shayler Space¯ight Correspondent Astronautical Historian Flight International Astro Info Service Bideford Halesowen Devon West Midlands UK UK Michael D. Shayler Editor and Designer Astro Info Service Birmingham UK SPRINGER±PRAXIS BOOKS IN SPACE EXPLORATION SUBJECT ADVISORY EDITOR: John Mason B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. ISBN 10: 0-387-34175-7 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN 13: 978-0-387-34175-0 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer is part of Springer-Science + Business Media (springer.com) Library of Congress Control Number: 2006937359 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. # Praxis Publishing Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2007 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a speci®c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: Jim Wilkie Project Copy Editor: Mike Shayler Typesetting: Originator Publishing Services, Gt Yarmouth, Norfolk, UK Printed on acid-free paper Contents Authors' Preface ......................................
  • Spacecalc Current Space Demographics

    Spacecalc Current Space Demographics

    Spaceflight Now Current Space Demographics Post STS-100 Statistics SpaceCalc Current Space Demographics Post Soyuz Taxi Launch Rank Nation No. Records Days Flights Total Fliers 403 1 U.S. 253 Avdeyev 748 3 Men 366 2 USSR 72 V. Polyakov 679 2 Women 37 3 CIS 23 A. Solovyov 652 5 Total Tickets 884 4 Germany 9 Krikalev 624 5 5 France 8 Afanasayev 546 3 United States 253 5 Canada 8 Manarov 541 2 US Men 224 6 Japan 5 Viktorenko 489 4 US Women 29 7 Italy 3 Romanenko 430 3 8 Bulgaria 2 Volkov 392 3 Soviet Union 72 Afghanistan 1 V. Titov 387 4 USSR Men 70 Austria 1 Usachev 386 3 (in 4th) USSR Women 2 Belgium 1 Tsibliev 383 2 CIS 23 Britain 1 Kizim 375 3 CIS Men 22 Cuba 1 Serebrov 374 4 CIS Women 1 Czechoslovakia 1 Ryumin 372 4 Others 55 East Germany 1 Solovyev 362 2 Other Men 50 Hungary 1 Kaleri 343 3 Other Women 5 India 1 Lyakhov 333 3 Mexico 1 Gidzenko 319 2 Men with 6 flights 5 Mongolia 1 Women with 6 flights 0 Netherlands 1 YEARS 24 57 Men with 5 flights 14 North Vietnam 1 Women with 5 flights 6 Poland 1 U.S. Data Days Flights Men with 4 flights 41 Romania 1 Women with 4 flights 1 Saudi Arabia 1 Lucid 223 5 Men with 3 flights 66 Spain 1 Foale 168 5 Women with 3 flights 9 Switzerland 1 Thomas 163 3 Page 1 Spaceflight Now Current Space Demographics Post STS-100 Statistics All with 2 flights 100 Syria 1 Blaha 161 5 All with 1 flight 161 Slovakia 1 Shepherd 158 5 Linenger 143 2 TOTAL 403 TOTALS 29 403 Wolf 142 2 1 Flight 2 Flights 3 Flights 4 Flights 5 Flights 6 Flights Name Flts Sex-Nation 161 100 75 42 20 5 Acton, Loren 1 M-US STS-51F Adamson, James 2 M-US STS-28 STS-44 Afanasyev, Viktor 3 M-USSR TM-11 TM-18 TM-29 Akers, Thomas 4 M-US STS-41 STS-49 STS-61 STS-79 Akiyama, Toyohiro 1 M-Japan TM-11 Aksenov, Vladimir 2 M-USSR Soyuz 22 Soyuz T2 Aldrin, Edwin 2 M-US Gemini 12 Apollo 11 Alexandrov, Alexander 2 M-USSR Soyuz T9 TM-3 Alexandrov, Alexander 1 M-Bulgaria TM-5 Allen, Andrew 3 M-US STS-46 STS-62 STS-75 Allen, Joseph 2 M-US STS-5 STS-51A AlSaud, Sultan 1 M-S.
  • On the Spectra of Gamma-Ray Bursts at High Energies

    On the Spectra of Gamma-Ray Bursts at High Energies

    University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Spring 1986 ON THE SPECTRA OF GAMMA-RAY BURSTS AT HIGH ENERGIES STEVEN MICHAEL MATZ University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation MATZ, STEVEN MICHAEL, "ON THE SPECTRA OF GAMMA-RAY BURSTS AT HIGH ENERGIES" (1986). Doctoral Dissertations. 1483. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/1483 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a manuscript sent to us for publication and microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to pho­ tograph and reproduce this manuscript, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. Pages in any manuscript may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. Manuscripts may not always be complete. When it is not possible to obtain missing pages, a note appears to indicate this. 2. When copyrighted materials are removed from the manuscript, a note ap­ pears to indicate this. 3. Oversize materials (maps, drawings, and charts) are photographed by sec­ tioning the original, beginning at the upper left hand comer and continu­ ing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.
  • Rex D. Hall and David J. Shayler

    Rex D. Hall and David J. Shayler

    Rex D. Hall and David J. Shayler Soyuz A Universal Spacecraft ruuiiMicPublishedu 11in1 aaaundiiuiassociationi witwimh ^^ • Springer Praxis Publishing PRHB Chichester, UK "^UF Table of contents Foreword xvii Authors' preface xix Acknowledgements xxi List of illustrations and tables xxiii Prologue xxix ORIGINS 1 Soviet manned spaceflight after Vostok 1 Design requirements 1 Sever and the 1L: the genesis of Soyuz 3 The Vostok 7/1L Soyuz Complex 4 The mission sequence of the early Soyuz Complex 6 The Soyuz 7K complex 7 Soyuz 7K (Soyuz A) design features 8 The American General Electric concept 10 Soyuz 9K and Soyuz 1 IK 11 The Soyuz Complex mission profile 12 Contracts, funding and schedules 13 Soyuz to the Moon 14 A redirection for Soyuz 14 The N1/L3 lunar landing mission profile 15 Exploring the potential of Soyuz 16 Soyuz 7K-P: a piloted anti-satellite interceptor 16 Soyuz 7K-R: a piloted reconnaissance space station 17 Soyuz VI: the military research spacecraft Zvezda 18 Adapting Soyuz for lunar missions 20 Spacecraft design changes 21 Crewing for circumlunar missions 22 The Zond missions 23 The end of the Soviet lunar programme 33 The lunar orbit module (7K-LOK) 33 viii Table of contents A change of direction 35 References 35 MISSION HARDWARE AND SUPPORT 39 Hardware and systems 39 Crew positions 40 The spacecraft 41 The Propulsion Module (PM) 41 The Descent Module (DM) 41 The Orbital Module (OM) 44 Pyrotechnic devices 45 Spacecraft sub-systems 46 Rendezvous, docking and transfer 47 Electrical power 53 Thermal control 54 Life support 54
  • VII Congress

    VII Congress

    Association of Space Explorers 7th Planetary Congress Berlin, Germany 1991 Commemorative Poster Signature Key Viktor Afanasyev Vladimir Aksyonov Alexander Alexandrov (Bul.) Soyuz TM-11 Soyuz 22, Soyuz T-2 Soyuz TM-5 Joe Allen Alexander Balandin John-David Bartoe STS 5, STS 51A Soyuz TM-9 STS 51F Patrick Baudry Gerald Carr Robert Cenker STS 51G Skylab IV 7 STS 61C Jean-Loup Chretien Charles Conrad, Jr. Samuel Durrance Soyuz T-6, Soyuz TM-7 Gemini 5, Gemini 11 STS 35 Apollo 12, Skylab II Lev Dyomin John Fabian Bertalan Farkas Soyuz 15 STS 7, STS 51G Soyuz 36 Reinhard Furrer Drew Gaffney Viktor Gorbatko STS 61A STS 40 Soyuz 7, Soyuz 24, Soyuz 37 Georgi Grechko Miroslaw Hermaszewski Alexander Ivanchenkov Soyuz 17, Soyuz 26 Soyuz 30 Soyuz 29, Soyuz T-6 Soyuz T-14 Georgi Ivanov Yevgeni Khrunov Vladimir Kovolyonok Soyuz 33 Soyuz 5 Soyuz 25, Soyuz 29, Soyuz T-4 Alexei Leonov Don Lind James Lovell, Jr. Voskhod 2, Apollo-Soyuz STS 51B Gemini 7, Gemini 12 Apollo 8, Apollo 13 Vladimir Lyakhov Oleg Makarov Gennadi Manakov Soyuz 32, Soyuz T-9 Soyuz 12, Soyuz 27, Soyuz T-3 Soyuz TM-10 Soyuz TM-6 Musa Manarov Jon McBride Bruce McCandless II Soyuz TM-4, Soyuz TM-11 STS 41G STS 41B, STS 31 Ernst Messerschmid William Nelson Wubbo Ockels STS 61A STS 61C STS 61A Donald Peterson Leonid Popov Dumitru Prunariu STS 6 Soyuz 35, Soyuz 40, Soyuz T-7 Soyuz 40 Vladimir Remek Stuart Roosa Rusty Schweickart Soyuz 28 Apollo 14 Apollo 9 Vitali Sevastyonov Thomas Stafford Gennadi Strekalov Soyuz 9, Soyuz 18 Gemini 6, Gemini 9, Apollo 10 Soyuz T-3, Soyuz T-8 Apollo-Soyuz Soyuz TM-11 Valentina Tereshkova Lodewijk van den Berg Igor Volk Vostok 6 STS 51B Soyuz T-12 Charles Walker Donald Williams Boris Yegorov STS 41D, STS 51D, STS 61B STS 51D, STS 34 Voskhod 1 Vyacheslav Zhudov Soyuz 23 This poster commemorates the 7th Planetary Congress of the Association of Space Explorers (ASE).
  • A Search for Anomalous Tails of Short-Period Comets

    A Search for Anomalous Tails of Short-Period Comets

    Probable Optical Identification of LMC X-4 Claude Chevalier and Sergio A. I/ovaisky, Observatoire de Meudon Among the five X-ray sources known to exist in the Large of the sky by the UHURU satellite; it was also detected by Magellanic Cloud, none has up to now been positively the Ariel 5 and SAS-3 satellites and there is now definite idenlified with an optical object. However, this situation evidence for variability, including flares. The rotating mo­ may change in the near future as X-ray satellites point to dulation collimator system aboard SAS-3 determined the the source known as LMC X-4. The existence of this source position of LMC X-4 to one are minute. Inside the error box was announced in 1972 as a result of the first X-ray survey a large number of stars are visible on the ESO ass plate (field 86). Very deep objective-prism Schmidt plates taken at Cerro Tololo by N. Sanduleak and A. G. D. Philip showed an OS star near the centre of the error box. A spectrum of DELTA 13 l Me x- 'I pr; 1 ,llt1U D this star was taken by E. Maurice in January 1977 with the l' 3i'1~.(Jb Echelec spectrograph of the 1.5-m telescope at La Si lIa; it showed the star to be indeed an early-type luminous ob­ 3.3 ject. Du ri ng our runs at La Silla in February and March 1977 ......,', ......,', we started a systematic study of this object. One of us (C.C.) ,.....
  • Introduction to Satellite Communication 3Rd Edition

    Introduction to Satellite Communication 3Rd Edition

    Introduction to Satellite Communication Third Edition For a listing of recent titles in the Artech House Space Application Series, turn to the back of this book. Introduction to Satellite Communication Third Edition Bruce R. Elbert Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the U.S. Library of Congress. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN-13: 978-1-59693-210-4 Cover design by Yekaterina Ratner 2008 ARTECH HOUSE, INC. 685 Canton Street Norwood, MA 02062 All rights reserved. Printed and bound in the United States of America. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Artech House cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. 10987654321 Contents Preface xi CHAPTER 1 Fundamentals of Satellite Systems 1 1.1 Basic Characteristics of Satellites 1 1.1.1 Advantages of Satellite Communication 7 1.1.2 Use of Microwave Frequencies 11 1.1.3 Digital Transmission, Compression, and Routing 12 1.1.4 Improved Space Platforms and Launching Systems 13 1.1.5 Integration with Terrestrial
  • The Atmospheric Remote-Sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-Survey

    The Atmospheric Remote-Sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-Survey

    ariel The Atmospheric Remote-Sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey Towards an H-R Diagram for Planets A Candidate for the ESA M4 Mission TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................... 1 2 Science Case ................................................................................................................ 3 2.1 The ARIEL Mission as Part of Cosmic Vision .................................................................... 3 2.1.1 Background: highlights & limits of current knowledge of planets ....................................... 3 2.1.2 The way forward: the chemical composition of a large sample of planets .............................. 4 2.1.3 Current observations of exo-atmospheres: strengths & pitfalls .......................................... 4 2.1.4 The way forward: ARIEL ....................................................................................... 5 2.2 Key Science Questions Addressed by Ariel ....................................................................... 6 2.3 Key Q&A about Ariel ................................................................................................. 6 2.4 Assumptions Needed to Achieve the Science Objectives ..................................................... 10 2.4.1 How do we observe exo-atmospheres? ..................................................................... 10 2.4.2 Targets available for ARIEL ..................................................................................
  • Extension of Upper Limit Servers and Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Binary GRO J1744−28

    Extension of Upper Limit Servers and Spectral Analysis of the X-Ray Binary GRO J1744−28

    Extension of Upper Limit Servers and spectral analysis of the X-ray binary GRO J1744−28 Master's Thesis in Physics Presented by Ole K¨onig Wednesday 31st July, 2019 Dr. Karl Remeis-Sternwarte & ECAP Friedrich-Alexander-Universit¨atErlangen-N¨urnberg Supervisor: Prof. Dr. J¨ornWilms Abstract This thesis is about applications in the field of X-ray astronomy. It is divided into a software development and data analysis part. The Upper Limit Servers allow the user to generate long-term lightcurves of X-ray sources. They combine historical data and calculate upper limits in real-time. A web-based front- end provides facile querying, plotting and downloading of the data. They utilize data from 12 satellites including current observatories such as XMM-Newton, back to ROSAT, Einstein, Ariel V and Uhuru. This enables the user to query 50 years of X-ray data and, for instance, study outburst behavior of transient sources. Part I of this thesis describes the software layout, database format, as well as nine X-ray missions, which I implemented. In particular, the implementation of catalog calls, image footprints, point spread functions, and vignetting is described. The count rate is converted to a flux by approximating the spectral shape with an absorbed power-law or black body. In order to outline possible applications of this software, I interpret four lightcurves. In the second part, the spectral analysis of the low-mass X-ray binary GRO J1744−28 is presented. The ∼29 ks data was taken with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) in 2017 February, during the source's fourth reactivation phase after three years of quiescence.
  • Spaceflight a British Interplanetary Society Publication

    Spaceflight a British Interplanetary Society Publication

    SpaceFlight A British Interplanetary Society publication Volume 60 No.8 August 2018 £5.00 The perils of walking on the Moon 08> Charon Tim Peake 634072 Russia-Sino 770038 9 Space watches CONTENTS Features 14 To Russia with Love Philip Corneille describes how Russia fell in love with an iconic Omega timepiece first worn by NASA astronauts. 18 A glimpse of the Cosmos 14 Nicholas Da Costa shows us around the Letter from the Editor refurbished Cosmos Pavilion – the Moscow museum for Russian space achievements. In addition to the usual mix of reports, analyses and commentary 20 Deadly Dust on all space-related matters, I am The Editor looks back at results from the Apollo particularly pleased to re- Moon landings and asks whether we are turning introduce in this month’s issue our a blind eye to perils on the lunar surface. review of books. And to expand that coverage to all forms of 22 Mapping the outer limits media, study and entertainment be SpaceFlight examines the latest findings it in print, on video or in a concerning Charon, Pluto’s major satellite, using 18 computer game – so long as it’s data sent back by NASA's New Horizons. related to space – and to have this as a regular monthly contribution 27 Peake Viewing to the magazine. Rick Mulheirn comes face to face with Tim Specifically, it is gratifying to see a young generation stepping Peake’s Soyuz spacecraft and explains where up and contributing. In which this travelling display can be seen. regard, a warm welcome to the young Henry Philp for having 28 38th BIS Russia-Sino forum provided for us a serious analysis Brian Harvey and Ken MacTaggart sum up the of a space-related computer game latest Society meeting dedicated to Russian and which is (surprisingly, to this Chinese space activities.