Knockdown of Filaggrin in a Three-Dimensional Reconstructed
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Keratinization of the Oral Epithelium
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England (I976) vol 58 Keratinization of the oral epithelium David Adams BSC MDS PhD Department of Oral Biology, Welsh National School of Medicine Dental School, Cardiff Summary compare it with the non-keratinizing mucosa The morphology of the keratinizing epi- and the epidermis. I also wish to examine thelia in the mouth is reviewed in the light of some of the mechanisms which control and recent knowledge. There appears to be a spec- regulate keratinization and discuss briefly the trum of degrees of keratinization rather than clinical implications of these. distinct types, and the degree of keratinization Orthokeratinization, in which the surface is reflected in the degree of packing and orien- undergoes cornification as cells lose their stain- tation of tonofilaments. The role of keratohya- ing characteristics and their nuclei, is found on line and other granules in the process is dis- the hard palate and on gingiva, especially cussed and it is suggested that modification where this is firmly bound down to of the cell membrane is an important part of underlyinlg bone (Fig. i). The epithelium keratinization. Although the potential of the lies on a basement membrane which separates various areas in the mucosa is genetically de- it from the connective tissue. Above this there termined and appears early in fetal life, the is a series of more or less well-defined layers. connective tissue exerts an influence on the First comes the germinal layer, one or two extent of keratinization of the surface in a cells thick, then the stratum spinosum, with manner which is not understood. -
Curcumin Effect on Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mus Musculus
JITV Vol. 20 No 2 Th. 2015: 148-157 Curcumin Effect on Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mus musculus Rahmi A1, Setiyono A2, Juniantito V2 1Graduate School of Animal Biomedical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University 2Division of Pathology, Department of Clinic, Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] (received 31-03-2015; revised 29-05-2015; accepted 04-06-2015) ABSTRAK Rahmi A, Setiyono A, Juniantito V. 2015. Pengaruh kurkumin terhadap fibrosis paru-paru akibat aplikasi bleomisin pada Mus musculus. JITV 20(2): 148-157. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v20i2.1169 Kurkumin merupakan bahan aktif utama dari tanaman kunyit (Curcuma longa) diketahui memiliki aktivitas sebagai anti- oksidan dan anti-inflamasi. Bleomisin merupakan salah satu obat anti-kanker yang dapat menginduksi fibrosis paru-paru pada manusia dan hewan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek biologis kurkumin pada fibrosis paru-paru yang diinduksi bleomisin pada mencit. Sebanyak 16 ekor mencit galur ddy dibagi dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan: (i) kontrol, 100 µl aquadest steril diinjeksikan secara SC, (ii) bleomisin (BLM), 100 µl bleomisin konsentrasi 1 mg/ml diinjeksikan secara SC, (iii) kurkumin (CMN), 100 µl aquadest steril diinjeksikan secara SC dan 100 mg/kg BB kurkumin dalam 0,5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) yang diinjeksikan secara IP, dan (iv) BLM+CMN, 100 µl bleomisin dengan konsentrasi 1 mg/ml diinjeksikan secara SC dan 100 mg/kg BB kurkumin dalam 0,5% CMC diinjeksikan secara IP. Semua perlakuan diberikan setiap hari selama 4 minggu. Organ paru-paru dikoleksi dalam 10% buffered neutral formalin (BNF). -
Perspectives on Morphologic Approaches to the Study of the Granular Layer Keratinocyte Karen A
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Biologic Structure and Function: Perspectives on Morphologic Approaches to the Study of the Granular Layer Keratinocyte Karen A. Holbrook, Ph.D. Stephen Rothman [1] wrote: ‘‘Modern dermatology has been built on the of morphologic approaches to understand skin biology, selecting as solid pillars of precise macro- and microscopic observation, accurate an illustration the progress that has been made in understanding recording and meaningful interpretation of the findings. No natural the structure, composition and function of one cell, the granular layer science can exist without direct observation of natural phenomena, and keratinocyte. This approach avoids describing the advances in metho- dermatology has become a great discipline because we have had so dology, and, instead, demonstrates how morphology has promoted the many good observers.’’ He went on to state further that ‘‘y whereas the conceptual development of the topic (Tables I–III). immense knowledge acquired by the classical descriptive methods is still rapidly increasing, the application of experimental methods to derma- WHAT DO MORPHOLOGIC METHODS OFFER? tologic problems is a relatively young and undeveloped approach.’’ AN OVERVIEW These statements acknowledge the importance of observation and The development of morphologic approaches for skin research has description (usually thought of as features of morphology) in clinical involved the development of instrumentation (to a large extent, dermatology and in descriptive dermatologic research, but were made microscopy) methods to prepare tissue for morphologic examination before he could recognize the value of morphology to experimental (e.g., biopsy, separated epidermis and dermis, isolated cells, cell studies as well. -
Since 1992 There Have Been Many Products Marketed As Cosmetics Designed to Exfoliate the Skin 1 2
SCCNFP/0370/00, final The Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non-Food Products intended for Consumers (SCCNFP) has been requested to give an opinion on the safety of alpha-Hydroxy Acids in cosmetic products. The attached Position Paper of the SCCNFP has been prepared in this respect. The Commission services invite interested parties for their comments. Please send your comments before 15 September 2000 at the following e-mail address : [email protected] SCCNFP/0370/00, final The safety of alpha-Hydroxy acids ____________________________________________________________________________________________ THE SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON COSMETIC PRODUCTS AND NON-FOOD PRODUCTS INTENDED FOR CONSUMERS. POSITION PAPER CONCERNING THE SAFETY OF ALPHA-HYDROXY ACIDS Adopted by the SCCNFP during the 13th plenary meeting of 28 June 2000 2 SCCNFP/0370/00, final The safety of alpha-Hydroxy acids ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. Terms of reference The safety of α-hydroxy acids in cosmetic products has been questioned by some Member States with respect to their dermal tolerance. Hydroxy acids have a long history of use in dermatological preparations and recently have become important ingredients in cosmetics. Concerns on both the dermal and systemic safety of these materials has led to calls for their listing in Annex III (List of substances which cosmetic products must not contain except subject to restrictions and conditions laid down) to the Cosmetics Directive 76/768/EEC. 2. Position of the SCCNFP Definition of AHAs AHAs are carboxylic acids substituted with a hydroxyl group on the alpha carbon. The AHAs most commonly used in cosmetic products are glycolic acid and lactic acid. -
Deimination, Intermediate Filaments and Associated Proteins
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Deimination, Intermediate Filaments and Associated Proteins Julie Briot, Michel Simon and Marie-Claire Méchin * UDEAR, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, U1056, 31059 Toulouse, France; [email protected] (J.B.); [email protected] (M.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +33-5-6115-8425 Received: 27 October 2020; Accepted: 16 November 2020; Published: 19 November 2020 Abstract: Deimination (or citrullination) is a post-translational modification catalyzed by a calcium-dependent enzyme family of five peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs). Deimination is involved in physiological processes (cell differentiation, embryogenesis, innate and adaptive immunity, etc.) and in autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and lupus), cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. Intermediate filaments (IF) and associated proteins (IFAP) are major substrates of PADs. Here, we focus on the effects of deimination on the polymerization and solubility properties of IF proteins and on the proteolysis and cross-linking of IFAP, to finally expose some features of interest and some limitations of citrullinomes. Keywords: citrullination; post-translational modification; cytoskeleton; keratin; filaggrin; peptidylarginine deiminase 1. Introduction Intermediate filaments (IF) constitute a unique macromolecular structure with a diameter (10 nm) intermediate between those of actin microfilaments (6 nm) and microtubules (25 nm). In humans, IF are found in all cell types and organize themselves into a complex network. They play an important role in the morphology of a cell (including the nucleus), are essential to its plasticity, its mobility, its adhesion and thus to its function. -
Corneocytes Undergo Systematic Changes in Element Concentrations Across the Human Inner Stratum Corneum
Corneocytes Undergo Systematic Changes in Element Concentrations Across the Human Inner Stratum Corneum Ronald R. Warner, Rodney D. Bush, and Nick A. Ruebusch Miami Valley Laboratories, Procter & Gamble Co., P.O. Box 538707, Cincinnati, Ohio, U .S.A. Using analytical electron microscopy of freeze-dried (as potassium declines), and then decreases to values cryosections, physiologic elements were visualized comparable to those in the innermost corneocyte. within individual cells across the human inner stra The cellular sodium concentration (per unit volume tum corneum. Human corneocytes undergo system of tissue) is relatively unaltered in transit across the atic changes in element composition as they advance inner stratum corneum. The initial potassium and through this region. Phosphorus is largely excluded chloride movements are oppositely directed and have from the stratum corneum, undergoing a precipitous the appearance of creating an electrical charge drop in concentration at the granular/stratum cor imbalance. The position-dependent alterations in neum interface. The cellular potassium concentra corneocyte elemental composition may reflect se tion has a profile similar to that of phosphorus but quential stages of chemical maturation occurring with a slower decline, thus migrating further into the intracellularly during stratum corneum transit, an stratum corneum. In contrast, the cellular chloride example of which is the breakdown of filaggrin that concentration increases in the innermost corneocyte occurs over this same region of the inner stratum layer, increases further in the subsequent layer or two corneum. ] Invest Dermatol 104:530-536, 1995 he stratuin corneum (SC) has often been considered Hkely reflect innate biochemical alterations occurring intracellularl y homogeneous in its structure and its barrier proper as cells transform from a viable granular layer into "mature" ties [1,2], but this concept is increasingly difficult to corneocytes within the unique SC environment. -
Structures of the ß-Keratin Filaments and Keratin Intermediate Filaments in the Epidermal Appendages of Birds and Reptiles (Sauropsids)
G C A T T A C G G C A T genes Review Structures of the ß-Keratin Filaments and Keratin Intermediate Filaments in the Epidermal Appendages of Birds and Reptiles (Sauropsids) David A.D. Parry School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; [email protected]; Tel.: +64-6-9517620; Fax: +64-6-3557953 Abstract: The epidermal appendages of birds and reptiles (the sauropsids) include claws, scales, and feathers. Each has specialized physical properties that facilitate movement, thermal insulation, defence mechanisms, and/or the catching of prey. The mechanical attributes of each of these appendages originate from its fibril-matrix texture, where the two filamentous structures present, i.e., the corneous ß-proteins (CBP or ß-keratins) that form 3.4 nm diameter filaments and the α-fibrous molecules that form the 7–10 nm diameter keratin intermediate filaments (KIF), provide much of the required tensile properties. The matrix, which is composed of the terminal domains of the KIF molecules and the proteins of the epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) (and which include the terminal domains of the CBP), provides the appendages, with their ability to resist compression and torsion. Only by knowing the detailed structures of the individual components and the manner in which they interact with one another will a full understanding be gained of the physical properties of the tissues as a whole. Towards that end, newly-derived aspects of the detailed conformations of the two filamentous structures will be discussed and then placed in the context of former knowledge. -
Germline Variants in Driver Genes of Breast Cancer and Their Association with Familial and Early-Onset Breast Cancer Risk in a Chilean Population
cancers Article Germline Variants in Driver Genes of Breast Cancer and Their Association with Familial and Early-Onset Breast Cancer Risk in a Chilean Population Alejandro Fernandez-Moya 1, Sebastian Morales 1,* , Trinidad Arancibia 1, Patricio Gonzalez-Hormazabal 1, Julio C. Tapia 2, Raul Godoy-Herrera 1, Jose Miguel Reyes 3, Fernando Gomez 4, Enrique Waugh 4 and Lilian Jara 1,* 1 Programa de Genética Humana, Instituto de Ciencia Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; [email protected] (A.F.-M.); [email protected] (T.A.); [email protected] (P.G.-H.); [email protected] (R.G.-H.) 2 Laboratorio de Transformación Celular, Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; [email protected] 3 Clínica Las Condes, Santiago 7591047, Chile; [email protected] 4 Clínica Santa María, Santiago 7520378, Chile; [email protected] (F.G.); [email protected] (E.W.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (S.M.); [email protected] (L.J.); Tel.: +56-9-98292094 (L.J.) Received: 11 September 2019; Accepted: 19 November 2019; Published: 20 January 2020 Abstract: The genetic variations responsible for tumorigenesis are called driver mutations. In breast cancer (BC), two studies have demonstrated that germline mutations in driver genes linked to sporadic tumors may also influence BC risk. The present study evaluates the association between SNPs and SNP-SNP interaction in driver genes TTN (rs10497520), TBX3 (rs2242442), KMT2D (rs11168827), and MAP3K1 (rs702688 and rs702689) with BC risk in BRCA1/2-negative Chilean families. The SNPs were genotyped in 489 BC cases and 1078 controls by TaqMan Assay. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0010901 A1 Hibino Et Al
US 20140010901A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0010901 A1 Hibino et al. (43) Pub. Date: Jan. 9, 2014 (54) BLEOMYCIN HYDROLASE PRODUCTION Publication Classification PROMOTOR (51) Int. Cl. A61E36/756 (2006.01) A63L/047 (2006.01) (75) Inventors: Toshihiko Hibino, Yokohama-shi (JP); A 6LX3/97 (2006.01) Shoko Yamada, Yokohama-shi (JP); A61E36/53 (2006.01) Hidekazu Fukushima, Yokohama-shi A61E36/23 (2006.01) (JP) (52) U.S. Cl. CPC ............... A61K 36/756 (2013.01); A61K 36/53 (2013.01); A61 K36/23 (2013.01); A61 K (73) Assignee: Shiseido Company, Ltd. 31/197 (2013.01); A61 K3I/047 (2013.01) USPC ........... 424/745; 424/769; 424/773; 424/777; (21) Appl. No.: 14/004,977 514/562; 514/738 (57) ABSTRACT (22) PCT Filed: Mar. 14, 2012 Provided is a novel bleomycin hydrolase production pro moter. (86). PCT No.: PCT/UP2012/056581 Provided is a bleomycin hydrolase production promoter, S371 (c)(1), natural moisturizing factor production promoter, and dry skin (2), (4) Date: Sep. 13, 2013 remedy, comprising as an active ingredient thereof one or a plurality of ingredients selected from the group consisting of (30) Foreign Application Priority Data chestnut rose extract, angelica root extract, cork tree bark extract, lamium album extract, rosemary extract, benzene Mar. 15, 2011 (JP) ................................. 2011-057126 sulfonyl GABA and erythritol. Patent Application Publication Jan. 9, 2014 Sheet 1 of 23 US 2014/0010901 A1 Fig.1 SPECIMEN 1 SPEC MEN 2 2 5 10 20 2 5 10 20 NUMBER OF TIMES OF TAPE STRIPPING Fig.2 SPECIMEN T N A M T, A: SUBJECTS NOT HAVING DRY SKIN N: SUBJECT HAVING SOMEWHAT DRY SKIN, MSUBJECT HAVING DRY SKN Patent Application Publication Jan. -
MALE Protein Name Accession Number Molecular Weight CP1 CP2 H1 H2 PDAC1 PDAC2 CP Mean H Mean PDAC Mean T-Test PDAC Vs. H T-Test
MALE t-test t-test Accession Molecular H PDAC PDAC vs. PDAC vs. Protein Name Number Weight CP1 CP2 H1 H2 PDAC1 PDAC2 CP Mean Mean Mean H CP PDAC/H PDAC/CP - 22 kDa protein IPI00219910 22 kDa 7 5 4 8 1 0 6 6 1 0.1126 0.0456 0.1 0.1 - Cold agglutinin FS-1 L-chain (Fragment) IPI00827773 12 kDa 32 39 34 26 53 57 36 30 55 0.0309 0.0388 1.8 1.5 - HRV Fab 027-VL (Fragment) IPI00827643 12 kDa 4 6 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 - 0.0574 - 0.0 - REV25-2 (Fragment) IPI00816794 15 kDa 8 12 5 7 8 9 10 6 8 0.2225 0.3844 1.3 0.8 A1BG Alpha-1B-glycoprotein precursor IPI00022895 54 kDa 115 109 106 112 111 100 112 109 105 0.6497 0.4138 1.0 0.9 A2M Alpha-2-macroglobulin precursor IPI00478003 163 kDa 62 63 86 72 14 18 63 79 16 0.0120 0.0019 0.2 0.3 ABCB1 Multidrug resistance protein 1 IPI00027481 141 kDa 41 46 23 26 52 64 43 25 58 0.0355 0.1660 2.4 1.3 ABHD14B Isoform 1 of Abhydrolase domain-containing proteinIPI00063827 14B 22 kDa 19 15 19 17 15 9 17 18 12 0.2502 0.3306 0.7 0.7 ABP1 Isoform 1 of Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing]IPI00020982 precursor85 kDa 1 5 8 8 0 0 3 8 0 0.0001 0.2445 0.0 0.0 ACAN aggrecan isoform 2 precursor IPI00027377 250 kDa 38 30 17 28 34 24 34 22 29 0.4877 0.5109 1.3 0.8 ACE Isoform Somatic-1 of Angiotensin-converting enzyme, somaticIPI00437751 isoform precursor150 kDa 48 34 67 56 28 38 41 61 33 0.0600 0.4301 0.5 0.8 ACE2 Isoform 1 of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 precursorIPI00465187 92 kDa 11 16 20 30 4 5 13 25 5 0.0557 0.0847 0.2 0.4 ACO1 Cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase IPI00008485 98 kDa 2 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 - 0.0081 - 0.0 -
Mutant‑Allele Tumor Heterogeneity in Malignant Glioma Effectively Predicts Neoplastic Recurrence
6108 ONCOLOGY LETTERS 18: 6108-6116, 2019 Mutant‑allele tumor heterogeneity in malignant glioma effectively predicts neoplastic recurrence PENGFEI WU, WEI YANG, JIANXING MA, JINGYU ZHANG, MAOJUN LIAO, LUNSHAN XU, MINHUI XU and LIANG YI Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital and Institute Research of Surgery, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China Received March 13, 2019; Accepted September 6, 2019 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10978 Abstract. Intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH) is one of the most RFS of patients with glioma. In conclusion, the MATH value important causes of therapy resistance, which eventually of a patient may be an independent predictor that influences leads to the poor outcomes observed in patients with glioma. glioma recurrence. The nomogram model presented in the Mutant-allele tumor heterogeneity (MATH) values are based current study was an appropriate method to predict 1-, 2- and on whole‑exon sequencing and precisely reflect genetic ITH. 5-year RFS probabilities in patients with glioma. However, the significance of MATH values in predicting glioma recurrence remains unclear. Information of patients Introduction with glioma was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The present study calculated the MATH value for Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor in each patient, analyzed the distributions of MATH values the central nervous system (1). Despite surgery and radio- in different subtypes and investigated the rates of clinical therapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy, the majority of recurrence in patients with different MATH values. Gene malignant gliomas still recur (2,3), which is primarily due enrichment and Cox regression analyses were performed to to chemo-radiotherapy resistance (4). -
Calpain-10 and Adiponectin Gene Polymorphisms in Korean Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Original Endocrinol Metab 2018;33:364-371 https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.3.364 Article pISSN 2093-596X · eISSN 2093-5978 Calpain-10 and Adiponectin Gene Polymorphisms in Korean Type 2 Diabetes Patients Ji Sun Nam1,2, Jung Woo Han1, Sang Bae Lee1, Ji Hong You1, Min Jin Kim1, Shinae Kang1,2, Jong Suk Park1,2, Chul Woo Ahn1,2 1Department of Internal Medicine, 2Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Background: Genetic variations in calpain-10 and adiponectin gene are known to influence insulin secretion and resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in calpain-10 and adiponectin gene have been report- ed to be associated with type 2 diabetes and various metabolic derangements. We investigated the associations between specific cal- pain-10 and adiponectin gene polymorphisms and Korean type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: Overall, 249 type 2 diabetes patients and 131 non-diabetic control subjects were enrolled in this study. All the subjects were genotyped for SNP-43 and -63 of calpain-10 gene and G276T and T45G frequencies of the adiponectin gene. The clinical char- acteristics and measure of glucose metabolism were compared within these genotypes. Results: Among calpain-10 polymorphisms, SNP-63 T/T were more frequent in diabetes patients, and single SNP-63 increases the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. However, SNP-43 in calpain-10 and T45G and intron G276T in adiponectin gene were not signifi- cantly associated with diabetes, insulin resistance, nor insulin secretion. Conclusion: Variations in calpain-10, SNP-63 seems to increase the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Koreans while SNP-43 and adiponectin SNP-45, -276 are not associated with impaired glucose metabolism.