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Fig. 4 - Schematic representation of the fossiliferous lower formational contact Fig. 5 - Schematic representation of section I Acanthodian Chondrichthyan Section I (Fig. 5): A sandy deltaic Syntheses Placoderm Ostracoderm Eurypterid system that microfossil evidence WESTERN BELT Ostracod Val d’Amour Gastropod Fm flow-banded suggests may be brackish. Most S N Lower contact (Fig. 4): The S rhyolite N Section V Section VI interbedded tabular sandstones massive grey t t Campbellton Fm breccia and fissure-fills specimens are preserved in and mudstones with sandstone channels mudstones Fig. 3 - Geologic map of the Campbellton Formation and surroundings illustrating MUD GRAVEL MUD GRAVEL fissured rhyolite surface onmen onmen SAND SAND y y an an ale (m) ale (m) vir vir

vc obb outcrop extent, paleocurrents, and locations of stratigraphic sections. vfmvc obb vfm cla silt gr pebb c boul cla silt gr pebb c boul interdistributary mudstone

c Sc Lithology Sc Lithology f Structures f c Structures En En 100 of the Val d’Amour Formation was submerged providing a Section I Section II -66°44' -66°40' -66°36' -66°32' -66°28' -66°24' t t Legend: Bonaventure Fm n=3 930 including a large Pterygotus molt and the articulated MUD GRAVEL MUD GRAVEL Outcrop Campbellton Fm n=4 90 shelter for aquatic organisms. This surface was filled by micrite onmen onmen SAND SAND y y City an an 48°04' La Garde Fm ale (m) ale (m) 6 vir vir III

vc obb vfm vfmvc obb cla silt gr pebb c boul cla silt gr pebb c boul VI 920 Sc Lithology f c Structures Sc Lithology f c Structures Paleocurrents 70 En En Val d’Amour Fm braincase of the chondrichthyan Doliodus problematicus. 80 I Stratigraphic sections Indian Point Fm 66 and rhyolite breccia preserving plant debris washed from land, n=14 V 10 5 910 4 n=2 Dalhousie Some pterygotids were compressed by high energy events 70 30 disarticulated, articulated, and fragmental fish and arthropod 5 QUEBEC IV Junction 1 Restigouche River Section III ? -70° -66° -62° within sandstone channels. 60 20 1 2 1 fossils, and complete ostracods and gastropods. ? 56 50° 250 n=5 Contact breccia and fissures n=6 48°00' II Campbellton 10 coal 30 km 224 EASTERN BELT (Fig. 6) I 0 50 100 6 200 Key for stratigraphic columns: 2 NEW BRUNSWICK 198 20 Section V: Braided river system with Section III: Primitive 10 cm thick coal Section III: Volcaniclastic proximal alluvium Structures 46° 160 trough cross stratification 10 3 seams in which morphological plant with P. princeps, P. coniculum, D. 1 km Section IV shallow soils containing rootlets and

N t ripple cross stratification 150 grading MUD GRAVEL es glaebules, but no plant fossils. details have been destroyed. Likely spinaeformis, and Prototaxites within onmen SAND

Western Belt Eastern Belt y an

ale (m) 140 vir vfmvc planar laminations obb

cla silt gr pebb c boul 1

Sc Lithology f c Structur plane bedding En formed in shallow water. cobbles and sandstone lenses. Facies descriptions and interpretations of paleoenvironments 170 132 dune foresets 1 Fig. 6 - Schematic representation of the eastern belt imbrication 1 - Lacustrine with restricted circulation a low energy setting with reducing conditions; 160 Volcaniclastic 92 Interval Section III: Marginal lake environment siderite nodules thinly bedded to laminated siltstones, abundant stably stratified deep water or stagnant ponds 154 60 nodules and concretions organic debris 5 Section IV: A fluvial landscape with W where steep topography, a wet climate, mottled colouring 50 2 - Marginal lacustrine a shallow lake margin with a high sediment supply, 20 microbialites E thick lensoid beds of massive siltstones and possibly due to steepness of the surrounding green micaceous floodplain and weatherable volcanic surroundings roots 40 10 2 bioturbation sandstones interbedded with thin lenses of conglomerate volcanic topography 1 siltstones, sublithic arenite sandstone result in frequent underflows of 30 Section IV,V Section III Lithology 3 - Nearshore lacustrine a very shallow nearshore area with little 24 mudstone buff coloured rippled and laminated sandstones with sedimentation allowing microbialites to develop Fossil key channels with abundant plant Section IV: Matted plant axes of B. conglomerates and sandstones quickly siltstone microbiolite horizons 10 shale 4 - Sandy coastal-deltaic Gnathostomes Agnathans Arthropods detritus, and channel conglomerates dubjanskii, O. bilinearis, and burying lake-side plant taxa like S. sandstone medium sandstone with horizontal planar lamination, shifting deltaic distributaries bring terrestrial debris Acanthodian Placoderms Eurypterids conglomerate climbing ripples, and trough cross stratification into a standing, possibly brackish body of water Chondrichthyans Ostracoderms Ostracods derived predominantly from volcanic Drepanophycus in lower strata and L. acanthotheca, Z. divaricatum, D. matrix-supported conglomerate interbedded with massive sandstones and siltstones clast-supported conglomerate Gastropods sources. Fine-grained beds contain O. a n d r e w s i i , O . c a t h e t a , gaspianus, and D. spinaeformis. Virtually dike or sill 5 - Sandy to gravelly tropical alluvial plain mainly resedimented volcanic material in a deep braided river with rare soil horizons and evidence missing horizontally bedded conglomerates and trough cross Lycopsids Zosterophyllopsids Trimerophytes Rhyniophytes Incertae Sedis bilinearis, Psilophyton, T. dubia, S. Kaulangiophyton, and P. charientos all feldspars have altered to kaolin-group stratified sandstone with intervals of plant-rich siltstones for frequent strong floods Drepanophycus Oricilla Pertica Taeniocrada Loganophyton 6 - Gravelly proximal alluvium ornata, L. complexa, Pertica, in higher strata are shallow pond fills, minerals; however, this alteration did not partly fluidized hyperconcentrated flows of mainly Leclercqia Sawdonia Psilophyton Bitelaria thick beds of weakly stratified cobble to boulder resedimented volcanic material from a proximal Drepanophycus, Loganophyton, C. probably with little circulation in an negatively affect the preservation of plant conglomerates with occasional plant-bearing sandstone source Kaulangiophyton Zosterophyllum Trimerophyton Chaleuria lenses Oocampsa cirrosa, and terrestrial arthropods. alluvial plain setting. material. Fig. 1 - Lochkovian-Pragian geologic setting Fig. 2 - Emsian-Eifellian geologic setting N Gaspe Sandstones Group Laurentian Val d’Amour Volcanics N margin Where noted, photographs are of specimens from the New Brunswick Museum collection (NBMG) All scale bars = 1cm Taphonomy: articulated and Taphonomy: mats of carbonized axes or films of isolated fragments in a Taphonomy: isolated carbonized W E W E Section I and contact Section IV Section III mainly deltaic disarticulated fossils in indurated mainly fluvial matrix of a micaceous siltstone mainly lacustrine (L) or alluvial (A) films of fragments in a Foreland basin 4-11 12-18 12-18 Foreland Taxon gray mudstones and rhyolite breccia Taxon Taxon L/A kaolinite-rich siltstone Avalonia Intermontane Embryophytes Embryophytes Embryophytes basin Psilophyton princeps Zosterophyllopsids Oricilla bilinearis Zosterophyllopsids Zosterophyllum divaricatum L S microcontinent basins S Trimerophyton robustius Sawdonia ornata Sawdonia acanthotheca L Drepanophycus spinaeformis Sawdonia acanthotheca Trimerophytes Psilophyton princeps A Leclercqia compexa Zosterophyllum divaricatum Psilophyton coniculum A Vertebrates Trimerophytes Pertica dalhousii Lycopsids Drepanophycus spinaeformis L, A Ostracoderms Yvonaspis campbelltonensis Psilophyton charientos Drepanophycus gaspianus L Cephalaspis jexi Psilophyton princeps Rhyniophytes Taeniocrada L Cephalaspis acadica Lycopsids Drepanophycus gaspianus Other Placodermi Phlyctænius acadicus Drepanophycus spinaeformis Spongiophyton minutissimum L Acanthodii Ankylacanthus incurvis Yvonaspis campbelltonesis Phlyctaenius acadicus Leclercqia complexa Oricilla bilinearis Pertica dalhousii Sawdonia ornata Pachytheca L Sawdonia acanthotheca Homacanthus gracile Leclercqia andrewsii NBMG 14368 NBMG 12113 NBMG 12125 NBMG 12124 Prototaxites A NBMG 12087 Climatius latispinosis Kaulangiophyton Mesacanthus semistriatus Rhyniophytes Taeniocrada dubia Cheiracanthus costellatus Incertae Sedis Loganophyton Chondrichthyes Protodus jexi Bitelaria dubjanskii Doliodus problematicus Chaleuria cirrosa Invertebrates Oocampsa catheta Eurypterids Pterygotus Invertebrates Pterygotus anglicus mesoscorpion unnamed Ostracods Primitia mundula Myriopods Eoarthropleura devonica Primitia scaphoides Gaspestria genselorum Gastropods Cyclora valvatiformis Cyclora turbinata Climatius latispinosis Pterygotus Psilophyton princeps Chaleuria cirrosa Gaspestria genselorum Drepanophycus Other NBMG 12394b NBMG 12392 NBMG 9164 NBMG 12118 NBMG 10091 NBMG Spirorbis

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