1 2019 Uzbekistan Memo to File (MTF) and IEE Amendment for USAID-Funded Agriculture Value Chains (AVC) Programmatic PERSUAP Face
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Introducción General 1
UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Estudio de la diversidad de insectos asociados a las principales plagas de Eucalyptus spp., para la selección de potenciales agentes de control biológico Tesis presentada para optar al título de Doctora de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en el área Ciencias Biológicas. Eliana Marina Cuello Directores de Tesis: Dra. Silvia N. López Dr. Eduardo N. Botto Consejera de Estudios: Dra. María Busch Lugar de trabajo: Insectario de Investigaciones para la Lucha Biológica, Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola, INTA, Castelar. Fecha de defensa: 15 de marzo de 2019 1 Estudio de la diversidad de insectos asociados a las plagas principales de Eucalyptus spp., para la selección de potenciales agentes de control biológico Resumen Las plagas de eucaliptos más importantes en la Argentina son Glycaspis brimblecombei, Thaumastocoris peregrinus y Leptocybe invasa, todas ellas de reciente aparición en nuestro país. El abordaje más efectivo al problema de las plagas forestales es el manejo integrado, que combina diferentes tácticas entre las que se incluye el control biológico. El objetivo de esta tesis fue estudiar la diversidad de insectos asociados a Eucalyptus spp., con énfasis en las asociaciones tróficas que vinculan a G. brimblecombei y T. peregrinus con sus enemigos naturales (parasitoides/predadores), con el fin de identificar potenciales agentes para su control biológico. Se investigaron las variaciones en la abundancia de G. brimblecombei, T. peregrinus y L. invasa y la influencia de las variables meteorológicas en diferentes especies de eucaliptos. Se analizó la diversidad de insectos entomófagos y sus interacciones con G. brimblecombei y T. -
ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000). -
UNIVERSIDAD SAN FRANCISCO DE QUITO Isabel Alejandra Romo
UNIVERSIDAD SAN FRANCISCO DE QUITO Colegio de Ciencia e Ingenierías Evaluación de tres cepas de Beauveria bassiana para el control de Neotoxoptera formosana en el cultivo de Cebolla blanca de rama (Allium fistulosum) Isabel Alejandra Romo Zambrano Ingeniería en Agroempresas Trabajo de fin de carrera presentado como requisito para la obtención del título de Ingeniera en Agroempresas Quito, 28 de mayo de 2020 2 UNIVERSIDAD SAN FRANCISCO DE QUITO USFQ Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías HOJA DE CALIFICACIÓN DE TRABAJO DE FIN DE CARRERA Evaluación de tres cepas de Beauveria bassiana para el control de Neotoxoptera formosana en el cultivo de cebolla blanca de rama (Allium fistulosum) Isabel Alejandra Romo Zambrano Nombre del profesor, Título académico Carlos Ruales, Msc Quito, 28 de mayo de 2020 3 DERECHOS DE AUTOR Por medio del presente documento certifico que he leído todas las Políticas y Manuales de la Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, incluyendo la Política de Propiedad Intelectual USFQ, y estoy de acuerdo con su contenido, por lo que los derechos de propiedad intelectual del presente trabajo quedan sujetos a lo dispuesto en esas Políticas. Asimismo, autorizo a la USFQ para que realice la digitalización y publicación de este trabajo en el repositorio virtual, de conformidad a lo dispuesto en el Art. 144 de la Ley Orgánica de Educación Superior. Nombres y apellidos: Isabel Alejandra Romo Zambrano Código: 00124466 Cédula de identidad: 1722197454 Lugar y fecha: Quito, mayo de 2020 4 ACLARACIÓN PARA PUBLICACIÓN Nota: El presente trabajo, en su totalidad o cualquiera de sus partes, no debe ser considerado como una publicación, incluso a pesar de estar disponible sin restricciones a través de un repositorio institucional. -
Aphid Transmission of Potyvirus: the Largest Plant-Infecting RNA Virus Genus
Supplementary Aphid Transmission of Potyvirus: The Largest Plant-Infecting RNA Virus Genus Kiran R. Gadhave 1,2,*,†, Saurabh Gautam 3,†, David A. Rasmussen 2 and Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan 3 1 Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA 2 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; [email protected] 3 Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]. † Authors contributed equally. Received: 13 May 2020; Accepted: 15 July 2020; Published: date Abstract: Potyviruses are the largest group of plant infecting RNA viruses that cause significant losses in a wide range of crops across the globe. The majority of viruses in the genus Potyvirus are transmitted by aphids in a non-persistent, non-circulative manner and have been extensively studied vis-à-vis their structure, taxonomy, evolution, diagnosis, transmission and molecular interactions with hosts. This comprehensive review exclusively discusses potyviruses and their transmission by aphid vectors, specifically in the light of several virus, aphid and plant factors, and how their interplay influences potyviral binding in aphids, aphid behavior and fitness, host plant biochemistry, virus epidemics, and transmission bottlenecks. We present the heatmap of the global distribution of potyvirus species, variation in the potyviral coat protein gene, and top aphid vectors of potyviruses. Lastly, we examine how the fundamental understanding of these multi-partite interactions through multi-omics approaches is already contributing to, and can have future implications for, devising effective and sustainable management strategies against aphid- transmitted potyviruses to global agriculture. -
Eco-Climatic Assessment of the Potential Establishment of Exotic Insects in New Zealand
Eco-climatic assessment of the potential establishment of exotic insects in New Zealand A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Lincoln University by Lora Peacock Lincoln University 2005 Contents Abstract of a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of PhD Eco-climatic assessment of the potential establishment of exotic insects in New Zealand Lora Peacock To refine our knowledge and to adequately test hypotheses concerning theoretical and applied aspects of invasion biology, successful and unsuccessful invaders should be compared. This study investigated insect establishment patterns by comparing the climatic preferences and biological attributes of two groups of polyphagous insect species that are constantly intercepted at New Zealand's border. One group of species is established in New Zealand (n = 15), the other group comprised species that are not established (n = 21). In the present study the two groups were considered to represent successful and unsuccessful invaders. To provide background for interpretation of results of the comparative analysis, global areas that are climatically analogous to sites in New Zealand were identified by an eco climatic assessment model, CLIMEX, to determine possible sources of insect pest invasion. It was found that south east Australia is one of the regions that are climatically very similar to New Zealand. Furthermore, New Zealand shares 90% of its insect pest species with that region. South east Australia has close trade and tourism links with New Zealand and because of its proximity a new incursion in that analogous climate should alert biosecurity authorities in New Zealand. -
Morphological and Histological Study of the Forewing of Aleyrodes Proletella
Title: Morphological and histological study of the forewing of Aleyrodes proletella (Linnaeus 1758) (Sternorrhyncha, Hemiptera) with a comparative analysis of forewings among Sternorrhyncha infraorders Author: Barbara Franielczyk-Pietyra, Łukasz Depa, Piotr Wegierek Citation style: Franielczyk-Pietyra Barbara, Depa Łukasz, Wegierek Piotr. (2019). Morphological and histological study of the forewing of Aleyrodes proletella (Linnaeus 1758) (Sternorrhyncha, Hemiptera) with a comparative analysis of forewings among Sternorrhyncha infraorders. “Zoomorphology” (29 May 2019), doi 10.1007/s00435-019- 00449-1 Zoomorphology https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-019-00449-1 ORIGINAL PAPER Morphological and histological study of the forewing of Aleyrodes proletella (Linnaeus 1758) (Sternorrhyncha, Hemiptera) with a comparative analysis of forewings among Sternorrhyncha infraorders Barbara Franielczyk‑Pietyra1 · Łukasz Depa1 · Piotr Wegierek1 Received: 16 January 2019 / Revised: 10 May 2019 / Accepted: 14 May 2019 © The Author(s) 2019 Abstract Identifcation of whitefies is based mainly on larval stages and generally very little is known about wings of these insects. Therefore, both sides of the forewings of Aleyrodes proletella were studied using histological methods, light and scanning electron microscopes. Studies confrm the occurrence of only three veins on forewings: the costal, radial and anal ones; only the anal vein lies under the anal fold. A campaniform and trichoid sensilla are present. The shape of wax secretions and wing margins is described. The comparative analysis of forewing structures contains new data for all Sternorrhyncha infraorders. The current results confrm the monophyly of the group, but place aphids closer to psyllids. The analysis of forewing base indicates that its general model is similar among Sternorrhyncha, but there occur some intergroup diferences. -
UAV System, Which Is Designed to Deliver Measured Quantities of Naturally Beneficial Predators to Combat Pest Infestations Within Economically Acceptable Timeframes
A University of Sussex DPhil thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details SUSTAINABLE CONTROL OF INFESTATIONS USING IMAGE PROCESSING AND MODELLING By FAITHPRAISE, FINA OTOSI Submitted For the Degree Of Doctor Of Philosophy ENGINEERING & DESIGN RESEARCH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND INFORMATICS UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX BRIGHTON UK MAY 2014 FAITHPRIASE FINA DEDICATION To the almighty God, for his mercy, strength and wisdom to reason out solutions rationally. To my spouse, Mr. Bassey Otosi Faithpraise, for his love, support, dedication, encouragement and tolerance for the successful completion of this research work. To my beloved children (Princewill, Godswill, Favour and Success) for all their sacrificial love and effort. To my Late Father, Mr Mbang Opla for dedicating his time to persuade me to desire the pursuit of higher academic degrees. DEDICATION Page i To God be the Glory, Great things he has done: Take a look at the world of insects, what lesson do you learn? It is only a fool that will say “there is no God” If insects could obey the laws of nature, scientifically we called them nuisance. -
(HAGEN, 1861) ALIMENTADA COM O PULGÃO Rodobium Porosum (SANDERSON, 1900) E INTERAÇÃO COM PLANTAS
FERNANDA APARECIDA ABREU ASPECTOS BIOECOLÓGICOS DE Chrysoperla externa (HAGEN, 1861) ALIMENTADA COM O PULGÃO Rodobium porosum (SANDERSON, 1900) E INTERAÇÃO COM PLANTAS ATRATIVAS EM CULTIVO DE ROSEIRA LAVRAS – MG 2017 FERNANDA APARECIDA ABREU ASPECTOS BIOECOLÓGICOS DE Chrysoperla externa (HAGEN, 1861) ALIMENTADA COM O PULGÃO Rodobium porosum (SANDERSON, 1900) E INTERAÇÃO COM PLANTAS ATRATIVAS EM CULTIVO DE ROSEIRA Tese apresentada à Universidade Federal de Lavras, como parte das exigências do programa de pós-graduação em Entomologia, área de concentraçã o em Entomologia, para obtenção de título de Doutor. Dr. César Freire Carvalho Orientador LAVRAS – MG 2017 Ficha catalográfica elaborada pelo Sistema de Geração de Ficha Catalográfica da Biblioteca Universitária da UFLA, com dados informados pelo(a) próprio(a) autor(a). Abreu, Fernanda Aparecida. Aspectos bioecológicos de Chrysoperla externa (HAGEN,1861) alimentada com o pulgão Rodobiumporosum (Sanderson, 1900) e interação com plantas atrativas em cultivo deroseira / Fernanda Aparecida Abreu. - 2017. 112 p. Orientador(a): César Freire Carvalho. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2017. Bibliografia. 1. Interação tritrófica. 2. Controle biológico conservativo. 3. Pragas rosas. I. Carvalho, César Freire. II. Título. O conteúdo desta obra é de responsabilidade do(a) autor(a) e de seu orientador(a). FERNANDA APARECIDA ABREU ASPECTOS BIOECOLÓGICOS DE Chrysoperla externa (HAGEN, 1861) ALIMENTADA COM O PULGÃO Rodobium porosum (SANDERSON, 1900) E INTERAÇÃO COM PLANTAS ATRATIVAS EM CULTIVO DE ROSEIRA BIOECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF Chrysoperla externa (HAGEN, 1861) FED WITH THE APHID Rhodobium porosum (SANDERSON, 1900) AND INTERACTION WITH ATTRACTIVE PLANTS IN ROSEBUSH CULTIVATION Tese apresentada à Universidade Federal de Lavras, como parte das exigências do programa de pós-graduação em Entomologia, área de concentração em Entomologia, para obtenção de título de Doutor. -
(Araneae) As Polyphagous Natural Enemies in Orchards" by S
SPIDERS (ARANEAE) ASPOLYPHAGOU S NATURAL ENEMIES IN ORCHARDS Promotor: dr. J. C. van Lenteren hoogleraar ind e Entomologie inhe tbijzonde r deoecologi e der insecten Co-Promotor: dr. ir. P.J . M.Mol s universitair docent Laboratoriumvoo r Entomologie ,> - • Sandor Bogya SPIDERS (ARANEAE) ASPOLYPHAGOU S NATURAL ENEMIES IN ORCHARDS Proefschrift terverkrijgin g vand e graad vandocto r opgeza gva n derecto r magnificus van deLandbouwuniversitei t Wageningen, dr. C.M .Karssen , inhe t openbaar te verdedingen opdinsda g 27apri l 1999 desnamiddag st e 13.30uu r ind eAul a to my parents ISBN: 90 580803 74 cover drawings by Jozsef Kovacs BIBLIOTHEEK LANDBOUWUNIVERSITEIT WAGENINGEN Propositions 1. Workers in the field of biological control should not try to make the spider fit the mold of the specialist predator or parasitoid. Riechert& Lockley(1984 )Ann . Rev. Entomol.29:299-320 . ThisThesi s 2. Single spider species cannot, but whole spider communities, as complexes of generalist predators can be effective in controlling pests. Wise(1995 )Spider si necologica lwebs .Cambridg eUniversit yPres s ThisThesi s 3. Careful use of pesticides in orchard IPM programs may result in development of more complex and abundant spider communities, thereby augmenting biological pest control. ThisThesi s 4. Cluster analysis and measurement of ecological similarity are two parts art and one part science, and ecological intuition is essential to successfully interpret the results. Krebs(1989 )Ecologica lmethodology .Harpe r& Row Publisher ThisThesi s 5. If you have an apple and I have an apple and we exchange these apples then you and I will still each have one apple. -
Plagas Y Enfermedades De La
Bol. San. Veg. Plagas, 37: 31-36,201 l Descubierto el pulgón de la cebolla, Neotoxoptera formosana (Takahashi) [Hemiptera: Aphididae], en cultivos de cebolla de las Islas Canarias (España) N. PÉREZ HIDALGO, S. PERERA GONZÁLEZ, A. CARNERO HERNÁNDEZ Se cita por vez primera en España, concretamente en las Islas Canarias, el pulgón de la cebolla Neotoxoptera fi)rmosana (Takahashi) en cultivos de cebolla de la varie- dad "Guayonje". Se aporta además información sobre sus caracteres diagnósticos, sobre su biología y distribución, y sobre su posible confusión con otras especies. N. PÉREZ HIDALGO. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental. Universi- dad de León. E-2407l León. E-mail: [email protected] S. PERERA GONZÁLEZ. Servicio Técnico de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural. Cabildo Insular de Tenerife. C./Alcalde Mandillo Tejera, n." 8 - 4.0. 38007 Santa Cruz de Tene- rife. Tenerife. E-mail: 5perera@tenerife es A. CARNERO HERNÁNDEZ. Departamento de Protección Vegetal. Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias (I.C.I.A.) Valle Guerra. Cra. El Boquerón s/n. Apdo. 60. 38270 La Laguna. Tenerife. E-mail: a.carnero@icia es Palabras clave: áfidos, Minan, especies exóticas, especies plaga. INTRODUCCIÓN tan una más amplia distribución en el mundo por encontrarse ligadas a cultivos, El género Neotoxoptera agrupa a 5 ó 6 es- principalmente de cebollas (Allium spp.), y pecies de pulgones muy similares al género a plantas usadas en jardinería (Viola spp.). Myzus que se caracterizan por presentar cor- Una de ellas, el pulgón de la cebolla (the nículos hinchados y venas ampliamente or- onion aphid), Neotoxoptera formosana (Ta- ladas de pigmentación (Figura 3C). -
Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae and Adelgidae) of Hawai'i: Annotated List and Key to Species of an Adventive Fauna1
Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae and Adelgidae) of Hawai‘i: Annotated List and Key to Species of an Adventive Fauna1 R. G. Foottit,2,5 H. E. L. Maw,2 K. S. Pike,3 and R. H. Messing4 Abstract: We provide a comprehensive compilation of 105 species of Aphidoidea adventive to the Hawaiian Islands based on literature records and a taxonomic analysis of available specimens. Seventeen species are recognized as new to the Islands. For each species information on synonyms, origins, distribution, and hosts is given. The average rate of introduction has been about 0.82 species per year. Approximately 35% of the species originate in East Asia, 35% from Europe and West Asia, and 21% from North America. Hawai‘i has no known native aphid species. species known at the time. The next complete Although some were originally described list of 68 species was compiled by Beardsley from the Islands [e.g., Melaphis bambusae (Ful- in 1979. The current online version of the laway)], they subsequently have been shown checklist of terrestrial arthopods of Hawai‘i to be adventive. The earliest treatments of the ( Nishida 2002c) lists 81 names, but removal of Hawaiian fauna (Kirkaldy 1908a, Fullaway synonyms, species known only as intercep- 1910, 1912) recognized 23 species. Timberlake tions, and one name of uncertain application (1924) listed 37 species, of which seven were leaves 70 species. In recent years there has unidentified and one was a synonym of an- been a focused survey for aphids on the five other. Knowledge then remained static until largest Hawaiian Islands (Messing et al. -
Comportement Trophique D'un Hétéroptère Zoophytophage : La Punaise De La Molène En Vergers De Pommiers
UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL COMPORTEMENT TROPHIQUE D'UN HÉTÉROPTÈRE ZOOPHYTOPHAGE : LA PUNAISE DE LA MOLÈNE EN VERGERS DE POMMIERS THÈSE PRÉSENTÉE COMME EXIGENCE PARTIELLE DU DOCTORAT EN BIOLOGIE PAR OLIVIER AUBRY FÉVRIER 2016 UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL Service des bibliothèques Avertissement La diffusion de cette thèse se fait dans le respect des droits de son auteur, qui a signé le formulaire Autorisation de reproduire et de diffuser un travail de recherche de cycles supérieurs (SDU-522 - Rév.07 -2011). Cette autorisation stipule que «conformément à l'article 11 du Règlement no 8 des études de cycles supérieurs, [l 'auteur] concède à l'Université du Québec à Montréal une licence non exclusive d'utilisation et de publication de la totalité ou d'une partie importante de [son] travail de recherche pour des fins pédagogiques et non commerciales. Plus précisément, [l 'auteur] autorise l'Université du Québec à Montréal à reproduire, diffuser, prêter, distribuer ou vendre des copies de [son] travail de recherche à des fins non commerciales sur quelque support que ce soit, y compris l'Internet. Cette licence et cette autorisation n'entraînent pas une renonciation de [la] part [de l'auteur] à [ses] droits moraux ni à [ses] droits de propriété intellectuelle. Sauf entente contraire, [l 'auteur] conserve la liberté de diffuser et de commercialiser ou non ce travail dont [il] possède un exemplaire.» REMERCIEMENTS Une thèse de doctorat est une expérience de vie longue et difficile et la réalisation de ce doctorat n 'aurait jamais pu avoir lieu sans la confiance de mon directeur de recherche Éric Lucas.