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6 X 10.5 Long Title.P65 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-67408-9 - Nazi Empire: German Colonialism and Imperialism from Bismarck to Hitler Shelley Baranowski Index More information Index Africans/Afro-Germans Arrow Cross, 312, 347 impact of Nuremberg Laws on, 208–09 Artaman League, 181 sterilization of, 227 Association for Germandom Abroad Afrika Korps, 336 (Verein für das Deutschtum in Agrarian League, 25, 44, 168 Ausland), 154 Ahlwardt, Hermann, 24 Atlantic Charter, 287 Ali-Husseini. Amin (Grand Mufti of August-Wilhelm, Crown Prince, 168 Jerusalem), 336 Auschwitz-Birkenau, 191, 307, 331, 332, Allianz, 307 335, 342 Alsace and Lorraine, 17, 19, 22, 78, 86, Austria, 131, 132, 133, 152, 175, 203, 217, 110, 131, 145, 260, 290, 302, 309 222, 223, 262, 296, 298, 303, 305, Alvensleben, Ludolf von, 236, 237 308, 317, 318, 320, 331 Anglo-German Naval Agreement (1935), anti-Jewish measures introduced in, 203 223–24 antisemitism German annexation of, 223–24, 312 and anti-Marxism/anti-Bolshevism, 267, Pan-German demand for annexation 280, 326–27 of, 131 boycott of Jewish businesses (1933), Papen’s attempted customs union with, 183–84 160 in Imperial Germany, 24–27 Austro-Hungarian Empire/Austria in prewar Third Reich, 326–27 Hungary, 19, 31, 35, 61, 79, 94, 103, Crystal Night (Kristallnacht) pogrom 104, 132, 217, 322 (1938), 224–27 antisemitism in, 26 Nazi radicalization and aryanization, as Imperial Germany’s one ally, 41 of German Fatherland Party, 101–2 disintegration of, 110 of Pan-German League, 45, 46, 130 harsh measures against Serbs, 85 under the Weimar Republic, 124–26, military defeats of, 79 129–31 threat of Serbian nationalism to, Anti-Socialist Law, 34 62 Antonescu, Ion, 314, 323–24 ultimatum to Serbia, 62, 71 Arendt, Hannah, 1, 8 Autobahn, 196, 201 Armenian Genocide, (1915) 91–93 Auxiliary Service Law. See Hindenburg Army League, 46, 85 Program (1916) 357 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-67408-9 - Nazi Empire: German Colonialism and Imperialism from Bismarck to Hitler Shelley Baranowski Index More information 358 Index Babi Yar, 319 Bismarck, Otto von, 16, 17, 19, 20, 28–33, Bach-Zelewski, Erich von dem, 318, 330 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 46, 51, 61, 135, 138 Backe, Herbert, 195, 200, 266, 267, 270, antisocialism of, 20, 21 287 attempts at domestic consolidation, 14, Baden, Prince Max von, 20–21, 27–29 Balkans, 31, 35, 256, 272, 273, 280 continental foreign policy of, 28 Barbarossa, 261, 262, 272, 275, 287, 297, expulsion of Russian and Galician Poles, 303, 314, 315, 316, 323, 324, 326, 22, 24 328, 330, 336, 353 Germanization policies of, 21–22, comparison with decimation of native 23–24, 175 peoples in the Americas, 294 imperialism and colonialism of, 28–33 comparisons with planning for Africa, resignation of, 33–34 268–69 role in unification, 10 early Soviet defeats, 272–75 Bleichröder, Gerson, 35 German military setbacks, 277–80 Blomberg, General Werner von, 172, 175, German planning for, 264–72 176, 200, 216, 217 German treatment of civilians, 284–86 Böckel, Otto, 24 German treatment of Soviet POWs, 280, Bolshevism/anti-Bolshevism, 108, 112, 127, 282–84 128–29, 133, 177, 206, 233, 267, 274, Hunger plan of, 266–67, 320–21 287, 316, 345, 346, 348 popular reactions in Germany to, Bouhler, Philipp, 252, 321, 331 273–74 Brack, Vicktor, 331 Battle for Culture/Kulturkampf. Brandt, Karl, 252 See Catholics/Catholicism Brauchitsch, Walther von, 298 Battle of Tannenberg (1914), 143 Braun, Otto, 161 Bavaria Bredow, General Erich von, 198 counterrevolution in (1918–19), 131, Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of (1918), 103–04 133, 136, 140, 180–81 Brockdorff-Rantzau, Count Ulrich von, synchronization of (1933), 180–81 112 Belgium, 78, 82, 106, 138, 145, 332 Brüning, Heinrich, 159, 160, 161, 164, German invasion and occupation of, 166, 169, 170, 177, 194, 198 85–86, 262, 311 appointment/tenure as chancellor, 159–60 Belgium and France Bucharest, Treaty of, 103 Imperial German occupation of, 85–86 Buchenwald, 284 Belorussia, 103, 222, 275, 284, 289, 321, Bulgaria, 104, 272 331, 343, 345 joins Central Powers, 80 Bełżec, 331 resistance to deportation of Jews, Berlin to Baghdad railroad, 39, 77 346–47 Berlin West Africa Conference (1884–5), Bülow, Bernhard von, 39, 60, 64, 65 29–31, 32 appointment as chancellor, 52 Bermondt-Avalov, Pavel, 117 attempt at anti-British alliance, 64 Bessarabia and Bukovina, 303, 314, Bürckel, Josef, 302 324 Best, Werner, 130, 259 Caprivi, Leo von, 35 plans for ethnic restructing of Western Zanzibar-Heligoland Treaty concluded Europe, 290–91 by, 36, 42 Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald von, 58, 65, Cartel of Productive Estates, 61, 96, 100 71, 75–78, 81, 82, 100, 102 Catholics/Catholicism, 5, 21, 51, 57, 70, opposition to unrestricted submarine 106, 162, 165, 198, 228, 256 warfare, 95 backlash against euthanasia, 256 dismissal of, 75–78 Battle for Culture (Kulturkampf), 17–19 Biebow, Hans, 307 conflicts with Nazi regime, 201–2 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-67408-9 - Nazi Empire: German Colonialism and Imperialism from Bismarck to Hitler Shelley Baranowski Index More information Index 359 nationalism of, 18, 70 Dachau concentration camp support for Enabling Law, 179 differences from colonial camps, 181–82 Center party/Center, 21, 25, 32, 34, 37, Daladier, Edouard, 300 60, 68, 75, 93, 96, 100, 104, 107, 117, Daluege, Kurt, 204 119, 124, 127, 143, 159, 160, 165, 180 Dannecker, Theodor, 310 agrarian interests of, 179 Danzig-West Prussia, 243, 250, 251, 253 rightward drift of, 179 Darré, Walther, 141, 195, 199, 200, 241 support for Enabling Law, 179 Dawes Plan, 121, 144, 145 Central Powers (Germany, Austria- de Gaulle, Charles, 262 Hungary, Ottoman Empire) death camps maritime disadvantages of, 83 construction and operation of, 330–36 military advances of, 83 “efficiency”/technology of,330–36 military weaknesses of, 83 Delbo, Charlotte, 335 Cesairé, Aimé, 334 Democratic Party, 127 Chamberlain, Houston Stewart, 26 Denmark, 9, 22, 292 Chamberlain, Neville, 220, 263 German invasion and occupation of Chełmno (Kulmhof), 307, 331 (1940), 311, 346 Christian-National Peasants and Labor rescue of Danish Jews, 346 Party (CNBLP), 157 Dernburg, Bernhard, 52 Churchill, Winston, 263, 287 Dinter, Artur, 205 Class, Heinrich, 43, 44, 71, 131, 139 Sins against the Blood, 102 Colonial Association, 41 Dollfuss, Engelbert, 203 Colonial Office, 47 Dönitz, Grand Admiral Karl, 355 Colonial Society, 29, 41, 45, 56, 59, 152 Drexler, Anton, 133 Colonial Women’s League, 153 Dreyfus Affair, 27 Committee for Union and Progress. See Ottoman Empire Eastern Galicia, 289, 322–23, 325, 329, Communist Party of Germany (KPD)/ 340 Communists, 119, 126–27, 137, 148, Eastern Marches League (Hakatisten), 42, 161, 164, 169, 175, 179, 181, 182, 43, 45 197, 203, 230 Ebert, Friedrich, 106, 107, 108, 110, 143 Confessing Church. See Protestants/ Ehrhardt, Hermann, 117, 124, 131 Protestantism, conflicts with Nazi Eichmann, Adolf, 223, 302, 310, 313, 348, regime 351 Conrad von Hötzendorf, Count Franz, 79 orchestration of Nisko Project, 298–99 conservative elites trial in Jerusalem of, 298–99 anti-republicanism of, 127–29 Eisner, Kurt, 125, 131 Conservative Party (DKP)/Conservatives, El Alamein, 336, 337, 346 21, 25, 28, 29, 57, 58, 59, 61, 75, 119 Enabling Law, 180 Conti, Leonardo, 254 Entente/Entente Cordiale/Triple Entente Controlled Economy (Zwangswirtschaft), (Great Britain, France, Russian 84, 98, 129, 130 Empire), 4, 7, 39, 57, 58, 68, 69, 70, Cooper, Frederick, 4 72, 77, 78, 79, 92, 94, 99, 104, 106, Crimea, 277, 321 112, 116, 119, 121, 123, 130, 133, German plans for, 288 134, 135, 137, 141, 146, 150, 152, Croatia, 272, 277, 349 155, 158, 170, 176, 196, 198, 208, 229 Crystal Night (Kristallnacht). anti-Bolshevism of, 115 See antisemitism enforcement of Versailles Treaty, 115 Czechoslovakia, 146, 217, 222, 223, 229, Erzberger, Matthias, 100, 124 272, 290 Estonian, 287, 289 annexation and dismemberment of Ethic German Self-Protection Force (1938–39), 220–21 (Volksdeutscher Selbstschutz), 236 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-67408-9 - Nazi Empire: German Colonialism and Imperialism from Bismarck to Hitler Shelley Baranowski Index More information 360 Index ethnic Germans (Volksdeutschen), 195, Frank, Hans, 282, 299, 301, 320, 330, 341 231, 246 Franz-Ferdinand, Archduke, 61 collaboration in Final Solution, 345–46 Frederick Barbarossa (Frederick I resettlement of, 239–40, 245–46, Hohenstaufen), 273 248–51, 268–70, 287–88 Frederick the Great, 10, 23, 178 “stranding” of, 131, 135, 139, 146–48, Free Conservative Party/Free 152–55 Conservatives, 21, 33 attacks on Poles (1939), 235–38 Free Corps (Freikorps), 109, 112, 116, ethnic/racial community 117–18, 125, 128, 130, 136, 143, 181, (Volksgemeinschaft), 55, 68, 69, 96, 199, 200, 204, 236, 243, 245, 289, 99, 101, 182, 202, 204, 207, 209, 214, 330, 338, 339 215, 228, 232, 345–46 Baltic campaigns of, (1918–20), 117–18 and Nazi social policy, 210–15 formation of, 117–18 nationalist conceptions of, World War I, role in Kapp Putsch, 117–18 68–78, 81–82 Frick, Wilhelm, 172, 177, 180–81, 188, 199 Nazis’ appeal to, 164–66 Friedrich Wilhelm (Elector of Eulenberg, Philipp, 35, 61, 128 Brandenburg), 12 euthanasia, 252–56 Galen, Bishop Clemens August von. Fabri, Friedrich, 29, 31 See Catholics/Catholicism: backlash Falkenhayn, Erich von, 79, 80, 81 against euthanasia removal of, 95 Gayl, Wilhelm Freiherr von Feder, Gottfried, 133 career in Ober Ost,
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