DOCSLIB.ORG

Bibliography: Terrorism by Country – Pakistan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bibliography: Terrorism by Country – Pakistan PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 13, Issue 4 Bibliography: Terrorism by Country – Pakistan Compiled and selected by Judith Tinnes [Bibliographic Series of Perspectives on Terrorism – BSPT-JT-2019-7] Abstract This bibliography contains journal articles, book chapters, books, edited volumes, theses, grey literature, bibliographies and other resources on terrorism affecting Pakistan. It covers both terrorist activity within the country’s borders (regardless of the perpetrators’ nationality) and terrorist activity by Pakistani nationals abroad. While focusing on recent literature, the bibliography is not restricted to a particular time period and covers publications up to July 2019. The literature has been retrieved by manually browsing more than 200 core and periphery sources in the field of Terrorism Studies. Additionally, full-text and reference retrieval systems have been employed to broaden the search. Keywords: bibliography, resources, literature, terrorism, Pakistan, Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan, TTP, Al-Qaeda, Lashkar-e-Taiba, Islamic State, FATA, Kashmir NB: All websites were last visited on 20.07.2019. - See also Note for the Reader at the end of this literature list. Bibliographies and other Resources Atkins, Stephen E. (2011): Annotated Bibliography. In: Stephen E. Atkins (Ed.): The 9/11 Encyclopedia. (Vol. 1). (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 481-508. Bergen, Peter et al. (n.d.-): Drone Strikes: Pakistan. In: America’s Counterterrorism Wars. (New America In- Depth Report). URL: https://www.newamerica.org/in-depth/americas-counterterrorism-wars/pakistan Bueno de Mesquita, Ethan et al. (Principal Investigators) (2013): The BFRS Political Violence in Pakistan Dataset. URL: https://esoc.princeton.edu/files/bfrs-political-violence-pakistan-dataset Counter Extremism Project (CEP) (n.d.-): Pakistan: Extremism & Counter-Extremism. URL: https://www. counterextremism.com/countries/pakistan DeLong-Bas, Natana (2014, September): Al-Qaeda. Oxford Bibliographies Online. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ obo/9780195390155-0065 Hussain, Asaf (1983): Islamic Movements in Egypt, Pakistan and Iran: An Annotated Bibliography. London: Mansell. National Counter Terrorism Authority (NACTA) Pakistan (under development): National Counter Terrorism Database (NCTD). URL: https://nacta.gov.pk/national-counter-terrorism-database NATO Multimedia Library (2009, March): The Taliban. (Thematic Bibliography No. 4/09). URL: http://www. nato.int/nato_static/assets/pdf/pdf_library_bibref/20100511_them0409.pdf NATO Multimedia Library (2011, May): Bin Laden and Al Qaeda. (Thematic Bibliography No. 5/11). URL: http://www.nato.int/nato_static/assets/pdf/pdf_library_them/20110503_them0511.pdf NATO Multimedia Library (2011, August): The September 11 Attacks and the War on Terror. (Thematic Bibliography No. 8/11). URL: https://www.nato.int/nato_static/assets/pdf/pdf_library_them/20110831_ them0811.pdf NATO Multimedia Library (2014, February): Drone Aircrafts. (Thematic Bibliography No. 1/14). URL:http:// www.natolibguides.info/ld.php?content_id=10701664 ISSN 2334-3745 83 August 2019 PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 13, Issue 4 NATO Multimedia Library (2016, February): From Al Qaida to ISIS: The Evolution of Terrorism. (Thematic Bibliography No. 1/16). URL: http://www.natolibguides.info/ld.php?content_id=19411574 Price, Eric (2013, February): Literature on Al-Qaeda since 2001. Perspectives on Terrorism, 7(1), 114-144. URL: https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/binaries/content/assets/customsites/perspectives-on-terrorism/2013/ issue-1/literature-on-al-qaeda-since-2001--eric-price.pdf Rassler, Don (2010, July): Afghanistan-Pakistan Reading File: An Overview of Actors, their Interests, Key Challenges and Security Dynamics. (CTC Reading List). URL: https://ctc.usma.edu/afghanistan-pakistan- reading-file South Asia Terrorism Portal (SATP) (2000, March- ongoing): https://www.satp.org Tinnes, Judith (2017, December): Bibliography: Al-Qaeda and its Affiliated Organizations (Part 1). Perspectives on Terrorism, 11(6), 168-214. URL: https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/binaries/content/assets/customsites/ perspectives-on-terrorism/2017/issue-6/1720176-bibliography-al-qaeda-and-its-affiliated-organizations- part-1-by-judith-tinnes.pdf van Linschoten, Alex Strick (2014, December 31): North Waziristan: A Reading List. A Different Place. URL: https://www.alexstrick.com/blog/2014/12/north-waziristan-a-reading-list Books and Edited Volumes Aaronson, Mike et al. (Eds.) (2015): Precision Strike Warfare and International Intervention: Strategic, Ethico- Legal, and Decisional Implications. (Routledge Global Security Studies). Abingdon: Routledge. Abbas, Hassan (2014): The Taliban Revival: Violence and Extremism on the Pakistan-Afghanistan Frontier. New Haven: Yale University Press. Abbas, Hassan (2015): Pakistan’s Drift into Extremism: Allah, the Army, and America’s War Terror.Abingdon: Routledge. (Original work published 2005) Afzal, Madiha (2018): Pakistan under Siege: Extremism, Society, and the State. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press. Ahmed, Khaled (2016): Sleepwalking to Surrender: Dealing with Terrorism in Pakistan. Haryana: Viking. Ataöv, Türkkaya (2018): Kashmir and Neighbors: Tale, Terror, Truce. (Routledge Revivals). Abingdon: Routledge. (Original work published 2001) Badalič, Vasja (2019): The War against Civilians: Victims of the “War on Terror” in Afghanistan and Pakistan. (Palgrave Studies in Victims and Victimology). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan / Springer Nature. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-030-12406-9 Bergen, Peter L.; Rothenberg, Daniel (Ed.) (2015): Drone Wars: Transforming Conflict, Law, and Policy. New York: Cambridge University Press. Bergen, Peter L.; Tiedemann, Katherine (Eds.) (2013): Talibanistan: Negotiating the Borders between Terror, Politics, and Religion. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Brooke-Smith, Robin (2013): Storm Warning: Riding the Crosswinds in the Pakistan-Afghan Borderlands. London: The Radcliffe Press. Butt, Usama; Elahi, N. (Eds.) (2010): Pakistan’s Quagmire: Security, Strategy, and the Future of the Islamic- Nuclear Nation. London: Continuum. Chima, Jugdep S. (2015): Ethnic Subnationalist Insurgencies in South Asia: Identities, Interests and Challenges to ISSN 2334-3745 84 August 2019 PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 13, Issue 4 State Authority. (Routledge Contemporary South Asia Series). Abingdon: Routledge. Clarke, Ryan (2011): Crime–Terror Nexus in South Asia: States, Security and Non-State Actors. (Asian Security Studies). Abingdon: Routledge. Coll, Steve (2018): Directorate S: The C.I.A. and America’s Secret Wars in Afghanistan and Pakistan.New York: Penguin Press. Cruickshank, Paul (Ed.) (2013): Al Qaeda. (5 Vols.). (Critical Concepts in Political Science). Abingdon: Routledge. Deol, Jeevan; Kazmi, Zaheer (Eds.) (2011): Contextualizing Jihadi Thought. New York: Columbia University Press. Devasher, Tilak (2016): Pakistan: Courting the Abyss. Noida: HarperCollins Publishers India. Dorronsoro, Gilles; Grojean, Olivier (Eds.) (2018): Identity, Conflict and Politics in Turkey, Iran and Pakistan. (Comparative Politics and International Studies Series). New York: Oxford University Press. Dutt, Sagarika; Bansal, Alok (Eds.) (2012): South Asian Security: 21st Century Discourses. (Routledge Contemporary South Asia Series). Abingdon: Routledge. Elahi, N. (2019): Terrorism in Pakistan: The Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and the Challenge to Security. London: I.B. Tauris. Fair, C. Christine (2014): Fighting to the End: The Pakistan Army’s Way of War. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Fair, C. Christine (2018): In their Own Words: Understanding Lashkar-e-Tayyaba. London: Hurst. Fair, C. Christine; Chalk, Peter (2006): Fortifying Pakistan: The Role of U.S. Internal Security Assistance. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press. Fair, C. Christine; Watson, Sarah J. (Eds.) (2015): Pakistan’s Enduring Challenges. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Farwell, James P. (2011): The Pakistan Cauldron: Conspiracy, Assassination & Instability. Dulles: Potomac Books. Gayer, Laurent (2014): Karachi: Ordered Disorder and the Struggle for the City. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Giustozzi, Antonio (2018): The Islamic State in Khorasan: Afghanistan, Pakistan and the New Central Asian Jihad. London: Hurst. Gul, Imtiaz (2009): The Al Qaeda Connection: Terror in Pakistan’s Tribal Areas.New Delhi: Penguin Books India, Viking. Gunaratna, Rohan (Ed.) (2016): Handbook of Terrorism in the Asia–Pacific. (Insurgency and Terrorism Series, Vol. 10). Hackensack: World Scientific. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/p1093 Gunaratna, Rohan; Iqbal, Khuram (2011): Pakistan: Terrorism Ground Zero. London: Reaktion Books. Haqqani, Husain (2018): Reimagining Pakistan: Transforming a Dysfunctional Nuclear State. Noida: HarperCollins India. Hayes, Louis D. (2016): The Islamic State in the Post-Modern World: The Political Experience of Pakistan. Abingdon: Routledge. (Original work published 2014) Hiro, Dilip (2012): Apocalyptic Realm: Jihadists in South Asia. New Haven: Yale University Press. Hussain, Rizwan (2005): Pakistan and the Emergence of Islamic Militancy in Afghanistan. Aldershot: Ashgate. Hussain, Zahid (2007): Frontline Pakistan: The Struggle with Militant Islam. New York: Columbia University ISSN 2334-3745 85 August 2019 PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 13, Issue 4 Press. International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW) – Germany (2015, March): Casualty Figures after 10 Years of the “War on Terror”: Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Combating Islamic Extremist Terrorism 1
    CGT 1/22/07 11:30 AM Page 1 Combating Islamic Extremist Terrorism 1 OVERALL GRADE D+ Al-Qaeda headquarters C+ Al-Qaeda affiliated groups C– Al-Qaeda seeded groups D+ Al-Qaeda inspired groups D Sympathizers D– 1 CGT 1/22/07 11:30 AM Page 2 2 COMBATING ISLAMIC EXTREMIST TERRORISM ive years after the September 11 attacks, is the United States win- ning or losing the global “war on terror”? Depending on the prism through which one views the conflict or the metrics used Fto gauge success, the answers to the question are starkly different. The fact that the American homeland has not suffered another attack since 9/11 certainly amounts to a major achievement. U.S. military and security forces have dealt al-Qaeda a severe blow, cap- turing or killing roughly three-quarters of its pre-9/11 leadership and denying the terrorist group uncontested sanctuary in Afghanistan. The United States and its allies have also thwarted numerous terror- ist plots around the world—most recently a plan by British Muslims to simultaneously blow up as many as ten jetliners bound for major American cities. Now adjust the prism. To date, al-Qaeda’s top leaders have sur- vived the superpower’s most punishing blows, adding to the near- mythical status they enjoy among Islamic extremists. The terrorism they inspire has continued apace in a deadly cadence of attacks, from Bali and Istanbul to Madrid, London, and Mumbai. Even discount- ing the violence in Iraq and Afghanistan, the tempo of terrorist attacks—the coin of the realm in the jihadi enterprise—is actually greater today than before 9/11.
    [Show full text]
  • Zarb-E-Azb and the State of Security in Pakistan
    Prof. Dr. Umbreen Javaid1 Zarb-e-Azb and the State of Security in Pakistan Abstract The state of internal security in Pakistan emerged as a challenge to the state-writ due to the societal fragmentation and rise in extremism and terrorism. Incidents of terrorism linked to TTP developed as the major internal security threat in Pakistan. The failure of PML - (N)’s government in bringing the TTP to the dialogue table coupled with a terrifying rise in number of terror attacks on security personal and soft targets led to the hard stance culminating in a comprehensive joint military operation ‘Zarb-e-Azb’ in North Waziristan (FATA) against TTP’s hideouts and their foreign supporters. The paper will focus on the internal security dynamics of Pakistan in post 9/11scanario and the circumstances that led to the massive, large scale military chase in the history of Pakistan [Zarb-e-Azb] to curtail terrorism and to root out extremism. Keywords Internal Security, Operation Zarb-e-Azb, Pakistan, extremism, FATA, terror Introduction Security is a dependent concept, it is complex and seamless in nature, it needs to be defined under specific circumstances and precise condition or it is meaningless unless it is defined under relational mode with a major concept [as power and peace]. As per Kraus & Williams, “security is a derivative concept; it is meaningless in itself. To have any meaning, security necessarily presupposes something to be secured; as a realm of study it cannot be self-referential” (1997: ix). Realist considers security as the sub-derivative of power or some of the theorists consider it parallel to power, while liberalists believe that security is the essential element for retaining peace (Javaid & Kamal, 2015: 116-117).
    [Show full text]
  • Articles Al-Qaida and the Pakistani Harakat Movement: Reflections and Questions About the Pre-2001 Period by Don Rassler
    PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 11, Issue 6 Articles Al-Qaida and the Pakistani Harakat Movement: Reflections and Questions about the pre-2001 Period by Don Rassler Abstract There has been a modest amount of progress made over the last two decades in piecing together the developments that led to creation of al-Qaida and how the group has evolved over the last 30 years. Yet, there are still many dimensions of al-Qaida that remain understudied, and likely as a result, poorly understood. One major gap are the dynamics and relationships that have underpinned al-Qaida’s multi-decade presence in Pakistan. The lack of developed and foundational work done on the al-Qaida-Pakistan linkage is quite surprising given how long al- Qaida has been active in the country, the mix of geographic areas - from Pakistan’s tribal areas to its main cities - in which it has operated and found shelter, and the key roles Pakistani al-Qaida operatives have played in the group over the last two decades. To push the ball forward and advance understanding of this critical issue, this article examines what is known, and has been suggested, about al-Qaida’s relations with a cluster of Deobandi militant groups consisting of Harakat ul-Mujahidin, Harakat ul-Jihad Islami, Harakat ul-Ansar, and Jaish-e-Muhammad, which have been collectively described as Pakistan’s Harakat movement, prior to 9/11. It finds that each of these groups and their leaders provided key elements of support to al-Qaida in a number of direct and indirect ways.
    [Show full text]
  • Afghanistan: the Prospects for a Real Peace
    Afghanistan: The Prospects for a Real Peace By Anthony H. Cordesman With the assistance of Grace Hwang E-Book Version: July 7, 2020 Please provide comments to [email protected] Photo: BEHROUZ MEHRI/AFP via Getty Images Cordesman: Afghan Prospects for Peace July 7, 2020 2 Afghanistan: The Prospects for a Real Peace Anthony H. Cordesman Afghanistan is sometimes referred to as the “graveyard of empires.” In practice, it has been the “graveyard of Afghans” – a nation where outside powers have always found it more costly to remain in Afghanistan than their presence there was worth. Russia – like so many of Afghanistan’s past conquerors – has survived and has prospered from leaving. The United States might also follow suit, as it has never faced a serious strain from its role in Afghanistan and can leave regardless of the success or failure of its current efforts to leave as part of a negotiated peace deal. It is the Afghans that face the risks from any peace process and the costs of any failure to create peace that actually brings stability and security. They have now been in a state of war since the late 1970s – for more than four decades and for longer than the lives of the vast majority of today’s Afghans. And, far too much of Afghanistan’s history has been repeated during this period. Afghanistan has had long periods of peace – and even its own empires – but time after time the nation has divided, become a regional backwater, or succumbed to civil war. Today, as was in the past, the nation’s leaders and factions have served their own interests, divided the nation, and plunged it into civil war – all at the expense of their peoples.
    [Show full text]
  • Book Pakistanonedge.Pdf
    Pakistan Project Report April 2013 Pakistan on the Edge Copyright © Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, 2013 Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses No.1, Development Enclave, Rao Tula Ram Marg, Delhi Cantt., New Delhi - 110 010 Tel. (91-11) 2671-7983 Fax.(91-11) 2615 4191 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.idsa.in ISBN: 978-93-82512-02-8 First Published: April 2013 Cover shows Data Ganj Baksh, popularly known as Data Durbar, a Sufi shrine in Lahore. It is the tomb of Syed Abul Hassan Bin Usman Bin Ali Al-Hajweri. The shrine was attacked by radical elements in July 2010. The photograph was taken in August 2010. Courtesy: Smruti S Pattanaik. Disclaimer: The views expressed in this Report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Institute or the Government of India. Published by: Magnum Books Pvt Ltd Registered Office: C-27-B, Gangotri Enclave Alaknanda, New Delhi-110 019 Tel.: +91-11-42143062, +91-9811097054 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.magnumbooks.org All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, sorted in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA). Contents Preface 5 Abbreviations 7 Introduction 9 Chapter 1 Political Scenario: The Emerging Trends Amit Julka, Ashok K. Behuria and Sushant Sareen 13 Chapter 2 Provinces: A Strained Federation Sushant Sareen and Ashok K. Behuria 29 Chapter 3 Militant Groups in Pakistan: New Coalition, Old Politics Amit Julka and Shamshad Ahmad Khan 41 Chapter 4 Continuing Religious Radicalism and Ever Widening Sectarian Divide P.
    [Show full text]
  • Foreign Terrorist Organizations
    Order Code RL32223 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Foreign Terrorist Organizations February 6, 2004 Audrey Kurth Cronin Specialist in Terrorism Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Huda Aden, Adam Frost, and Benjamin Jones Research Associates Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Foreign Terrorist Organizations Summary This report analyzes the status of many of the major foreign terrorist organizations that are a threat to the United States, placing special emphasis on issues of potential concern to Congress. The terrorist organizations included are those designated and listed by the Secretary of State as “Foreign Terrorist Organizations.” (For analysis of the operation and effectiveness of this list overall, see also The ‘FTO List’ and Congress: Sanctioning Designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations, CRS Report RL32120.) The designated terrorist groups described in this report are: Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade Armed Islamic Group (GIA) ‘Asbat al-Ansar Aum Supreme Truth (Aum) Aum Shinrikyo, Aleph Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) Communist Party of Philippines/New People’s Army (CPP/NPA) Al-Gama’a al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group, IG) HAMAS (Islamic Resistance Movement) Harakat ul-Mujahidin (HUM) Hizballah (Party of God) Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM) Jemaah Islamiya (JI) Al-Jihad (Egyptian Islamic Jihad) Kahane Chai (Kach) Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK, KADEK) Lashkar-e-Tayyiba
    [Show full text]
  • In Re: Terrorist Attacks on September 11, 2001
    Case 1:03-md-01570-GBD-SN Document 3671 Filed 08/01/17 Page 1 of 33 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK ____________________________________ ) IN RE: TERRORIST ATTACKS ON ) Civil Action No. 03 MDL 1570 (GBD) SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 ) ECF Case ____________________________________ ) This document relates to: Ashton, et al. v. al Qaeda, et al., No. 02-cv-6977 Federal Insurance Co., et al. v. al Qaida, et al., No. 03-cv-6978 Thomas Burnett, Sr., et al. v. Al Baraka Inv. & Dev. Corp., et al., No. 03-cv-9849 Continental Casualty Co., et al. v. Al Qaeda, et al., No. 04-cv-5970 Cantor Fitzgerald Assocs., et al. v. Akida Inv. Co., et al. No. 04-cv-7065 Euro Brokers Inc., et al. v. Al Baraka Inv. & Dev. Corp., et al., No. 04-cv-7279 McCarthy, et al. v. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, No. 16-cv-8884 Aguilar, et al. v. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, et al., No. 16-cv-9663 Addesso, et al. v. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, et al., No. 16-cv-9937 Hodges, et al. v. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, et al., No. 17-cv-117 DeSimone v. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, No. 17-cv-348 Aiken, et al v. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, et al., No. 17-cv-450 The Underwriting Members of Lloyd’s Syndicate 53, et al. v. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, et al., No. 17-cv-2129 The Charter Oak Fire Insurance Co., et al. v. Al Rajhi Bank, et al. No. 17-cv-02651 Abarca, et al.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Statement Regarding the Succession in the Leadership Of
    Statement Regarding the Succession in the Leadership of Qaida't al-Jihad June 16, 2011 [Please note: Images may have been removed from this document. Page numbers have been added.] On June 16, 2011, Al-Qaida's General Command released a statement announcing "the undertaking of responsibility of Amir of the group by Shaykh Dr. Abu Muhammad Ayman al- Zawahiri." The communication also stated, "We support and back the revolution of our Muslim, oppressed and suppressed peoples that have risen in the face of the unjust, corrupt tyrants, after they tortured our Ummah in Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, Yemen, Ash-Sham, and al- Maghreb. And we encourage them and encourage the rest of the Muslim people to rise and continue resistance, sacrifice and persistence...until...true, full and anticipated change comes, which will not be achieved except by the Islamic Ummah's return to the Sharia of its Lord..." [Shaykh Ayman al-Zawahiri, may Allah protect him] [Verse] [Hadith] "With hearts content with Allah's will and fate, reassured before the promise of Allah, the Most Glorified, and the goodness of his rewards, the Islamic Ummah and the Mujahideen in Qaida't al-Jihad Group and others received the news of the martyrdom of the reviving, Mujahid, migrant, steadfast Imam Shaykh Usama bin Muhammad bin Laden, may Allah have wide mercy on him; asking the Lord, raised and glorified, to raise his degrees and reward him on behalf of us and the Islamic Ummah the best of rewards." "This and since Jihad is ongoing until the Day of Judgment—as mentioned in Hadiths—and in this era has become an individual duty against the disbelievers who invaded the Muslim homelands, and against the apostate rulers who replaced the Sharia of Islam—just as the scholars of Islam have had consensus over.
    [Show full text]
  • 9/11 Report”), July 2, 2004, Pp
    Final FM.1pp 7/17/04 5:25 PM Page i THE 9/11 COMMISSION REPORT Final FM.1pp 7/17/04 5:25 PM Page v CONTENTS List of Illustrations and Tables ix Member List xi Staff List xiii–xiv Preface xv 1. “WE HAVE SOME PLANES” 1 1.1 Inside the Four Flights 1 1.2 Improvising a Homeland Defense 14 1.3 National Crisis Management 35 2. THE FOUNDATION OF THE NEW TERRORISM 47 2.1 A Declaration of War 47 2.2 Bin Ladin’s Appeal in the Islamic World 48 2.3 The Rise of Bin Ladin and al Qaeda (1988–1992) 55 2.4 Building an Organization, Declaring War on the United States (1992–1996) 59 2.5 Al Qaeda’s Renewal in Afghanistan (1996–1998) 63 3. COUNTERTERRORISM EVOLVES 71 3.1 From the Old Terrorism to the New: The First World Trade Center Bombing 71 3.2 Adaptation—and Nonadaptation— ...in the Law Enforcement Community 73 3.3 . and in the Federal Aviation Administration 82 3.4 . and in the Intelligence Community 86 v Final FM.1pp 7/17/04 5:25 PM Page vi 3.5 . and in the State Department and the Defense Department 93 3.6 . and in the White House 98 3.7 . and in the Congress 102 4. RESPONSES TO AL QAEDA’S INITIAL ASSAULTS 108 4.1 Before the Bombings in Kenya and Tanzania 108 4.2 Crisis:August 1998 115 4.3 Diplomacy 121 4.4 Covert Action 126 4.5 Searching for Fresh Options 134 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Al Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent: a New Frontline in the Global Jihadist Movement?” the International Centre for Counter- Ter Rorism – the Hague 8, No
    AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: The Nucleus of Jihad in South Asia THE SOUFAN CENTER JANUARY 2019 AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: THE NUCLEUS OF JIHAD IN SOUTH ASIA !1 AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: THE NUCLEUS OF JIHAD IN SOUTH ASIA AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT (AQIS): The Nucleus of Jihad in South Asia THE SOUFAN CENTER JANUARY 2019 !2 AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: THE NUCLEUS OF JIHAD IN SOUTH ASIA CONTENTS List of Abbreviations 4 List of Figures & Graphs 5 Key Findings 6 Executive Summary 7 AQIS Formation: An Affiliate with Strong Alliances 11 AQIS Leadership 19 AQIS Funding & Finances 24 Wahhabization of South Asia 27 A Region Primed: Changing Dynamics in the Subcontinent 31 Global Threats Posed by AQIS 40 Conclusion 44 Contributors 46 About The Soufan Center (TSC) 48 Endnotes 49 !3 AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: THE NUCLEUS OF JIHAD IN SOUTH ASIA LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AAI Ansar ul Islam Bangladesh ABT Ansar ul Bangla Team AFPAK Afghanistan and Pakistan Region AQC Al-Qaeda Central AQI Al-Qaeda in Iraq AQIS Al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent FATA Federally Administered Tribal Areas HUJI Harkat ul Jihad e Islami HUJI-B Harkat ul Jihad e Islami Bangladesh ISI Pakistan’s Inter-Services Intelligence ISKP Islamic State Khorasan Province JMB Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh KFR Kidnap for Randsom LeJ Lashkar e Jhangvi LeT Lashkar e Toiba TTP Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan !4 AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: THE NUCLEUS OF JIHAD IN SOUTH ASIA LIST OF FIGURES & GRAPHS Figure 1: Map of South Asia 9 Figure 2:
    [Show full text]
  • Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan
    Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan in Pakistan and Militancy Religion a report of the csis program on crisis, conflict, and cooperation Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan a literature review 1800 K Street, NW | Washington, DC 20006 Project Director Tel: (202) 887-0200 | Fax: (202) 775-3199 Robert D. Lamb E-mail: [email protected] | Web: www.csis.org Author Mufti Mariam Mufti June 2012 ISBN 978-0-89206-700-8 CSIS Ë|xHSKITCy067008zv*:+:!:+:! CHARTING our future a report of the csis program on crisis, conflict, and cooperation Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan a literature review Project Director Robert L. Lamb Author Mariam Mufti June 2012 CHARTING our future About CSIS—50th Anniversary Year For 50 years, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) has developed practical solutions to the world’s greatest challenges. As we celebrate this milestone, CSIS scholars continue to provide strategic insights and bipartisan policy solutions to help decisionmakers chart a course toward a better world. CSIS is a bipartisan, nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Center’s 220 full-time staff and large network of affiliated scholars conduct research and analysis and de- velop policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change. Since 1962, CSIS has been dedicated to finding ways to sustain American prominence and prosperity as a force for good in the world. After 50 years, CSIS has become one of the world’s pre- eminent international policy institutions focused on defense and security; regional stability; and transnational challenges ranging from energy and climate to global development and economic integration.
    [Show full text]
  • Pakistan Army and Terrorism; an Unholy Alliance
    Pakistan Army and Terrorism; an unholy alliance Pakistan has been known for its perennial support of the Taliban in Afghanistan and other terrorist organizations in Indian Administered Jammu and Kashmir. The dramatic events of the terrorist attacks on the twin towers in the United States (U.S) on the 11th of September 2001 also referred to as 9/11, shook the tectonic plates of world politics, pushing Pakistan into being a focal point of global politics. Pakistan became the key strategic partner of United States’ War on Terror; post the terrorist attacks, taking a complete U-turn in her traditional foreign policies towards Afghanistan and Indian Administered Jammu and Kashmir, albeit temporarily under international pressure for heavy monetary gains. The country, in which sectarian groups targeting minority communities (Shias, Sufis, Ahmadis etc.) and Kashmir- focused groups confined their operations to Indian Administered Kashmir and the rest of India, has become a victim of its own holy war as a consequence of the ‘unholy alliance’ between the Inter Intelligence Services (ISI), Pakistan’s powerful intelligence agency, military and self-styled religious scholars. This historic alliance has resulted in colossal rise of radical Islam being a factor in the country’s proclivity to Islamic fundamentalism. Jihadi Groups There are several kind of militant groups operating in and from Pakistan that can be distinguished by their sectarian background (Ahl-e-Hadith, Deobandi, Jamaat-e-Islami etc.), and their areas of operation (Afghanistan, India, Pakistan). Their objectives may vary from overthrowing the Pakistani government, seizure of Indian Administered Jammu and Kashmir or support of Afghan Taliban.
    [Show full text]