DOCSLIB.ORG

And Its Parasitoids from the Genus Coccophagus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), with Description of a New Species from Tamaulipas, México

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
And Its Parasitoids from the Genus Coccophagus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), with Description of a New Species from Tamaulipas, México Myartseva et al.: Parasitoids of Parasaissetia nigra in Mexico 1015 PARASAISSETIA NIGRA (HEMIPTERA: COCCIDAE) AND ITS PARASITOIDS FROM THE GENUS COCCOPHAGUS (HYMENOPTERA: APHELINIDAE), WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES FROM TAMAULIPAS, MÉXICO SVETLANA NIKOLAEVNA MYARTSEVA, ENRIQUE RUÍZ-CANCINO AND JUANA MARIA CORONADO-BLANCO* Facultad de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas, 87149 Cd. Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico *Corresponding author; E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT A list of parasitoids of the genus Coccophagus Westwood that parasitize the soft scale Para- saissetia nigra (Nietner), in the world, is given. Data on the biology of P. nigra in Mexico are presented. A key to species of Coccophagus associated to P. nigra in Mexico, including possible species of parasitoids, was prepared. A new species, Coccophagus minor Myartseva sp. nov., reared from P. nigra on mistletoe, Phoradendron quadrangulare (Kunth) Griseb., growing over leaves and shoots of huisache, Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd., in Tamaulipas, Mexico, is described. Key Words: Phoradendron quadrangulare, mistletoe, Acacia farnesiana; Coccophagus RESUMEN Se elaboró una lista de parasitoides del género Coccophagus Westwood que parasitan la escama blanda Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) a nivel mundial. Se presentan datos de la biología de P. nigra en México. Se preparó una clave de especies de Coccophagus asociados a P. nigra en México, incluyendo posibles especies parasitoides de la plaga. Se describe la nueva especie Coccophagus minor Myartseva sp. nov., emergida de P. nigra en el muérdago Phoradendron quadrangulare (Kunth) Griseb. sobre hojas y ramitas de huizache Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. en Tamaulipas, México. Palabras Clave: Phoradendron quadrangulare, muérdago, Acacia farnesiana, Coccopha- gus Soft scales of the family Coccidae (Hemip- Parasaissetia nigra is polyphagous, feeding on tera: Coccoidea) are phytophagous insects that host plants from 80 families (Ben-Dov 1993), es- infest leaves, branches and fruits of various pecially on ornamental plants of tropical origin. plants. Some species are pests of agricultural Several agricultural crops are attacked, includ- crops, for example, Saissetia oleae Olivier and ing avocado, citrus, coffee, cotton, guava, mango, Coccus hesperidum L. (Hayat 1997; Stauffer & pomegranate and other plants. Scales often in- Roaw 1997). On the other hand, they are host fest heavily leaves, branches and fruits (Clausen for parasitic wasps that belong predominantly 1978; Hamon & Williams 1984). to 9 genera of Chalcidoidea. Among these, spe- These scales produce copious, sticky honeydew cies of 4 genera, including Coccophagus West- on which sooty moulds develop, coating the plant. wood, are primary endoparasitoids and have This restricts photosynthesis, weakening the economic importance for biocontrol of hemip- plant and sometimes stunning new growth and teran pests (Hayat 1998). causing defoliation (Smith 1944). Parasaissetia Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) belongs to the nigra is a moderate pest of ornamental plants, family Coccidae and has worldwide distribu- particularly in tropical countries. The scale is also tion (Noyes 2012a). It was described by Nietner a minor pest of citrus and of other agricultural in 1861 from Ceylon and has many synonyms crops and, at times, has been an important pest and various combinations (Ben-Dov et al. 2013). (Smith 1944). Smith (1944) suggested that several strains of P. In Mexico, this soft scale is widely distributed nigra may exist, each with different host prefer- in the states of Baja California, Chihuahua, Co- ences, or there may be several geographical races lima, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan, (De Lotto 1967). Hayat (1997) noted that the Af- Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, rotropical region is richer in Coccophagus species Queretaro, Sinaloa and Sonora (Miller 1996). parasitizing P. nigra and also has more endemic Parasaissetia nigra was newly recorded for the species. states of Tamaulipas and San Luis Potosi; in 1016 Florida Entomologist 97(3) September 2014 Tamaulipas it was collected in 2012, and accord- dendron, but not on Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd., ing to our investigations, in San Luis Potosi it was Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., Salix humboldtiana found earlier (Myartseva 2006). Despite its wide Willd. and Prosopis glandulosa Torr., which have distribution, polyphagy and economic importance been reported as host plants of this species. In as potential pest of agricultural crops, morpho- Mexico, P. nigra was recorded as pest of guava logical and biological descriptions are lacking in (Ben-Dov 1978). Moreover, parasitoids were ob- the Mexican scientific literature. This article pro- tained only from P. nigra on huisache Acacia vides a morphological description of P. nigra and farnesiana (L.) Willd. in the State of Tamaulipas. its parasitoids based in the literature and based on our own observations. Families of parasitoids of Parasaissetia nigra MATERIALS AND METHODS Parasitoids from several families of Chalci- doidea have been reported as natural enemies of Infested leaves and twigs with soft scales of sev- P. nigra in the world: Encyrtidae, Aphelinidae, eral plants were found and examined in the field Eulophidae, Eupelmidae and Pteromalidae. In using a magnifying pocket lens (10X), and later Peru, the dominant parasitoid species in agro- transferred to the laboratory to be examined un- ecosystems belong to 3 families: Encyrtidae, der a Leica MZ6 microscope (140X). Collection and Aphelinidae and Pteromalidae (Núñez 2008). In rearing of parasitoids were carried out following many countries where it was once a pest, P. nigra methodologies by Noyes (1982). Leaves and twigs is now successfully controlled by natural enemies were placed separately in glass containers until originally introduced to control Saissetia oleae emergence of parasitoids. For further examination (Bartlett 1978). For example, the most effective and identification reared adult parasitoids were control agent of P. nigra in California (USA), is mounted on microscope slides with Canada balsam. an encyrtid Metaphycus helvolus (Compere), that The species of soft scale was identified by Dr. I. A. was introduced with several other enemies to Gavrilov-Zimin, specialist in scale insects from the control S. oleae, which has been more effective Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of against P. nigra (Ebeling 1959). Russia, Saint Petersburg. All materials are pre- In Mexico, we reared from P. nigra parasitoids served in the Insects Museum of the Universidad from 6 families: Encyrtidae, Aphelinidae, Eu- Autonoma de Tamaulipas, Mexico. This insect col- pelmidae, Eulophidae, Pteromalidae and Signi- lection has 195 specimens of Coccophagus on slides phoridae, but the encyrtid and aphelinid species and numerous specimens in 75% alcohol. were the most dominant. This is the first record of Signiphoridae as parasitoids of P. nigra. The RESULTS AND DISCUSSION main parasitoids in the family Aphelinidae are species of the genus Coccophagus Westwood. Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) Adult female is elongate-oval, shiny, dark Coccophagus spp.—parasitoids of Parasaissetia nigra brown, 3-4 mm long. Body shape varies according to the substrate, specimens found on leaves are Species of the genus Coccophagus are mainly broad, only slightly convex but much more con- parasitoids of soft scales (Coccidae), but rarely vex than those on stems or leaf-mid-ribs, which parasitize armored scales (Diaspididae) and other are elongate and less convex. Immature stages Coccoidea. In the world, the genus Coccophagus and young adult specimens of P. nigra are trans- consists of 257 species (Noyes 2012a), some of lucent-yellow and sometimes mottled (Hamon & which are widely distributed. In the family Aph- Williams 1984). elinidae, Coccophagus is the second most speci- In California and Florida, P. nigra has 1 com- ose genus after Encarsia Foerster. Coccophagus plete generation per year outdoors (Gill 1988). is divided into 6 species-groups: lycimnia-group, Ben-Dov (1978) recorded up to 6 generations per pseudococci-group, varius-group, malthusi-group, year in greenhouses in Israel. In Tamaulipas, ochraceus-group and zebratus-group (Hayat 1997). Mexico, from Oct 2012 to Jun 2013, we observed Females of this genus have 8-segmented an- the development of at least 2 complete genera- tenna; mandible with 1 or 2 teeth and a trunca- tions of P. nigra on mistletoe Phoradendron spp. tion; pronotum entire, medially sometimes nar- (Santalales: Santalaceae) near Rio San Marcos in row; mid lobe of mesoscutum with numerous Ciudad Victoria. Upon hatching, the first instar short setae; axillae large, strongly projecting for- nymphs (crawlers) move away from the female wards, with at least 2 setae, rarely more to about to other parts of the plant, where they fix them- as densely setose; Each side lobe with 4 or more selves and start feeding. setae, rarely less; scutellum large, usually convex, It is interesting that in natural landscapes in not overlapping propodeum, either with 3 pairs of Tamaulipas, scale colonies developed on mistle- setae or several additional setae to densely setose; toes, hemiparasitic plants from the genus Phora- propodeum either medially membranous or with Myartseva et al.: Parasitoids of Parasaissetia nigra in Mexico 1017 a triangular median projection: fore wing large, 2012a). An analysis of the lists of species distributed broad, densely setose, with short marginal fringe; in some large regions
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Methods and Work Profile
    REVIEW OF THE KNOWN AND POTENTIAL BIODIVERSITY IMPACTS OF PHYTOPHTHORA AND THE LIKELY IMPACT ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICES JANUARY 2011 Simon Conyers Kate Somerwill Carmel Ramwell John Hughes Ruth Laybourn Naomi Jones Food and Environment Research Agency Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ 2 CONTENTS Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................... 8 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 13 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 13 1.2 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 15 2. Review of the potential impacts on species of higher trophic groups .................... 16 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 16 2.2 Methods ............................................................................................................................. 16 2.3 Results ............................................................................................................................... 17 2.4 Discussion .......................................................................................................................... 44 3. Review of the potential impacts on ecosystem services .......................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Morocco and Comparison with North Africa Region Fauna 55 Khadija Kissayi, Souâd Benhalima and Moulay Chrif Smaili
    Journal of Entomology and Nematology Volume 9 Number 7, December 2017 ISSN 2006-9855 ABOUT JEN The Journal of Entomology and Nematology (JEN) (ISSN: 2006-9855) is published monthly (one volume per year) by Academic Journals. Journal of Entomology and Nematology (JEN) is an open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as applications of entomology in solving crimes, taxonomy and control of insects and arachnids, changes in the spectrum of mosquito-borne diseases etc. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published shortly after acceptance. All articles published in JEN are peer-reviewed. Contact Us Editorial Office: [email protected] Help Desk: [email protected] Website: http://www.academicjournals.org/journal/JEN Submit manuscript online http://ms.academicjournals.me/ Associate Editors Editor Dr. Sam Manohar Das Dept. of PG studies and Research Centre in Zoology, Scott Christian College (Autonomous), Prof. Mukesh K. Dhillon Nagercoil – 629 003, ICRISAT Kanyakumari District,India GT-Biotechnology, ICRISAT, Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, Dr. Leonardo Gomes India UNESP Av. 24A, n 1515, Depto de Biologia, IB, Zip Code: Dr. Lotfalizadeh Hosseinali 13506-900, Department of Insect Taxonomy Rio Claro, SP, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection Brazil. Tehran, P. O. B. 19395-1454, Iran Dr. J. Stanley Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture Prof. Liande Wang Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Almora– Faculty of Plant Protection, 263601, Uttarakhand, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University India Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China Dr. Ramesh Kumar Jain Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Delimitation in Asexual Insects of Economic Importance: the Case of Black Scale (Parasaissetia Nigra), a Cosmopolitan Parthenogenetic Pest Scale Insect
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Species delimitation in asexual insects of economic importance: The case of black scale (Parasaissetia nigra), a cosmopolitan parthenogenetic pest scale insect Yen-Po Lin1,2,3*, Robert D. Edwards4, Takumasa Kondo5, Thomas L. Semple3, Lyn G. Cook2 a1111111111 1 College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, 2 School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 3 Research School of Biology, Division of a1111111111 Evolution, Ecology and Genetics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, a1111111111 Australia, 4 Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington a1111111111 DC, United States of America, 5 CorporacioÂn Colombiana de InvestigacioÂn Agropecuaria (CORPOICA), a1111111111 Centro de InvestigacioÂn Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia * [email protected] OPEN ACCESS Abstract Citation: Lin Y-P, Edwards RD, Kondo T, Semple TL, Cook LG (2017) Species delimitation in asexual Asexual lineages provide a challenge to species delimitation because species concepts insects of economic importance: The case of black either have little biological meaning for them or are arbitrary, since every individual is mono- scale (Parasaissetia nigra), a cosmopolitan phyletic and reproductively isolated from all other individuals. However, recognition and parthenogenetic pest scale insect. PLoS ONE 12 naming of asexual species is important to conservation and economic applications. Some (5): e0175889. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0175889 scale insects are widespread and polyphagous pests of plants, and several species have been found to comprise cryptic species complexes. Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner, 1861) Editor: Wolfgang Arthofer, University of Innsbruck, AUSTRIA (Hemiptera: Coccidae) is a parthenogenetic, cosmopolitan and polyphagous pest that feeds on plant species from more than 80 families.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalog of the Encarsia of the World (2007)
    Catalog of the Encarsia of the World (2007) John Heraty, James Woolley and Andrew Polaszek (a work in progress) Note: names in parentheses refer to species groups, not subgenera. Encarsia Foerster, 1878. Type species: Encarsia tricolor Foerster, by original designation. Aspidiotiphagus Howard, 1894a. Type species: Coccophagus citrinus Craw, by original designation. Synonymy by Viggiani & Mazzone, 1979[144]: 44. Aspidiotiphagus Howard, 1894a. Type species: Coccophagus citrinus Craw, by original designation. Synonymy by Viggiani & Mazzone, 1979[144]: 44. Prospalta Howard, 1894b. Type species: Coccophagus aurantii Howard. Subsequently designated by ICZN, Opinion 845, 1968: 12-13. Homonym; discovered by ??. Encarsia of the World 2 Prospalta Howard, 1894b. Type species: Coccophagus aurantii Howard. Homonym of Prospalta Howard; discovered by ??. Encarsia; Howard, 1895b. Subsequent description. Prospaltella Ashmead, 1904[238]. Replacement name; synonymy by Viggiani & Mazzone, 1979[144]: 44. Prospaltella Ashmead, 1904[238]. Replacement name for Prospalta Howard Viggiani & Mazzone, 1979[144]: 44. Mimatomus Cockerell, 1911. Type species: Mimatomus peltatus Cockerell, by monotypy. Synonymy by Girault, 1917[312]: 114. Doloresia Mercet, 1912. Type species: Prospaltella filicornis Mercet, by original designation. Synonymy by Mercet, 1930a: 191. Aspidiotiphagus; Mercet, 1912a. Subsequent description. Encarsia; Mercet, 1912a. Subsequent description. Prospaltella; Mercet, 1912a. Subsequent description. Prospaltoides Bréthes, 1914. Type species: Prospaltoides
    [Show full text]
  • Hyperparasitoids As New Targets in Biological Control in a Global Change Context Kévin Tougeron, a Tena
    Hyperparasitoids as new targets in biological control in a global change context Kévin Tougeron, A Tena To cite this version: Kévin Tougeron, A Tena. Hyperparasitoids as new targets in biological control in a global change context. Biological Control, Elsevier, 2019, 130, pp.164-171. 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2018.09.003. hal- 01929186 HAL Id: hal-01929186 https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01929186 Submitted on 21 Nov 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Hyperparasitoids as new targets in biological control in a global change context Authors and affiliations: The authors contributed equally to this work. Tougeron K.1, 2 & Tena A.3 1 The University of Wisconsin – La Crosse, Department of Biology, La Crosse, Wisconsin, United States of America, 1725 State street, 54601 2 Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35000 Rennes, France.) 3 Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Unidad Asociada de Entomología UJI-IVIA, Moncada, València 46113, Spain. Corresponding author: [email protected] Cite as: Tougeron K. & Tena A. Hyperparasitoids as new targets in biological control in a global change context.
    [Show full text]
  • VINEYARD BIODIVERSITY and INSECT INTERACTIONS! ! - Establishing and Monitoring Insectariums! !
    ! VINEYARD BIODIVERSITY AND INSECT INTERACTIONS! ! - Establishing and monitoring insectariums! ! Prepared for : GWRDC Regional - SA Central (Adelaide Hills, Currency Creek, Kangaroo Island, Langhorne Creek, McLaren Vale and Southern Fleurieu Wine Regions) By : Mary Retallack Date : August 2011 ! ! ! !"#$%&'(&)'*!%*!+& ,- .*!/'01)!.'*&----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&2 3-! "&(')1+&'*&4.*%5"/0&#.'0.4%/+.!5&-----------------------------------------------------------------------------&6! ! &ABA <%5%+3!C0-72D0E2!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!F! &A&A! ;D,!*2!G*0.*1%-2*3,!*HE0-3#+3I!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!J! &AKA! ;#,2!0L!%+D#+5*+$!G*0.*1%-2*3,!*+!3D%!1*+%,#-.!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!B&! 7- .*+%)!"/.18+&--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&,2! ! ! KABA ;D#3!#-%!*+2%53#-*MH2I!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!BN! KA&A! O3D%-!C#,2!0L!L0-H*+$!#!2M*3#G8%!D#G*3#3!L0-!G%+%L*5*#82!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!&P! KAKA! ?%8%53*+$!3D%!-*$D3!2E%5*%2!30!E8#+3!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!&B! 9- :$"*!.*;&5'1/&.*+%)!"/.18&-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&3<!
    [Show full text]
  • Entomologia Hellenica
    ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA Vol. 25, 2016 First record of the invasive species Parasaissetia nigra in Greece Tsagkarakis A. Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece Ben-Dov Y. Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel Papadoulis G. Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece https://doi.org/10.12681/eh.11546 Copyright © 2017 A. E. Tsagkarakis, Y. Ben-Dov, G. Th. Papadoulis To cite this article: Tsagkarakis, A., Ben-Dov, Y., & Papadoulis, G. (2016). First record of the invasive species Parasaissetia nigra in Greece. ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA, 25(1), 12-15. doi:https://doi.org/10.12681/eh.11546 http://epublishing.ekt.gr | e-Publisher: EKT | Downloaded at 21/04/2020 23:20:20 | ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 25 (2016): 12-15 Received 04 September 2015 Accepted 04 March 2016 Available online 10 March 2016 SHORT COMMUNICATION First record of the invasive species Parasaissetia nigra in Greece A.E. TSAGKARAKIS1,*, Y. BEN-DOV2 AND G. TH. PAPADOULIS1 1Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece 2Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel ABSTRACT In June 2014, the nigra scale Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) was recorded for the first time in Greece on pomegranate, Punica granatum. Its occurrence was observed in an ornamental pomegranate tree in the campus of the Agricultural University of Athens. Information on its morphology, biology and distribution is presented. KEY WORDS: nigra scale, Coccidae, pomegranate. Pomegranate is one of the first fruit trees Rodopi etc.). Nowadays, the estimated total cultivated in Greece and in the area with pomegranate orchards in Greece is Mediterranean region in general.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity and Pest Management APRIL 2019
    biodiversity and pest management APRIL 2019 EIP-AGRI Focus Group ‘Pests and diseases of the olive tree’ Biodiversity and pest management AUTHORS: MARÍA TERESA MARTÍNEZ FERRER, TÂNIA NOBRE, VASILEIOS GKISAKIS, FRANÇOIS WARLOP, JUAN OLIVARES, SUSANA PASCUAL 1 biodiversity and pest management APRIL 2019 1. Introduction Maintaining biodiversity and the associated ecosystem services is an objective of the European Union, implemented through agri-environmental programmes. Biodiversity decline is occurring at a worldwide scale and has twofold implications. From a conservation point of view, the number of extinct and endangered species increases, and this impoverishment of natural ecosystems reduces their resilience. From an agronomical point of view, reduction of biodiversity affects processes that hamper crop productivity, such as pollination or pest management, being the consequence of this biodiversity decline a reduction in agroecosystem sustainability. But both, ecosystem resilience and agro ecosystem sustainability are not isolated. In the case of pest control, in many cases it is assumed that it depends on biodiversity. However, a positive relationship between biodiversity of natural enemies and pest suppression is not always the case. In fact, in some cases this relationship does not occur (Fig.1), and the success of biological control depends not on biodiversity, but on the presence of one or only few species of natural enemies. As an example, in the case of olive trees, a single species such as Anthocoris nemoralis or relatively simple predator assemblages are associated with better biological control than complex assemblages (Paredes et al., 2015). However, it seems that the general rule in different agroecosystems is that biodiversity rather than abundance of natural enemies is linked to pest control, although this has been proven mainly in annual crops and in non- mediterranean environmental conditions (Dainese et al., 2019).
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.A New Species of Coccophagus from Nuevo Leon
    Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie) ISSN: 0065-1737 [email protected] Instituto de Ecología, A.C. México Myartseva, S. N. A new species of Coccophagus from Nuevo Leon, Mexico (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae) Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie), vol. 22, núm. 1, 2006, pp. 95-101 Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Xalapa, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=57522107 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n.s.) 22(1):95-101 (2006) A NEW SPECIES OF COCCOPHAGUS FROM NUEVO LEON, MEXICO (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA: APHELINIDAE) S. N. MYARTSEVA División de Estudios de Postgrado e Investigación, UAM Agronomía y Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, CP 87149, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, MÉXICO e-mail: [email protected] RESUMEN Se describe e ilustra una nueva especie del afelínido Coccophagus gonzalezi sp.nov., con base en especímenes colctados en el estado de Nuevo León, México. Palabras Clave: Coccophagus gonzalezi, nueva especie, Aphelinidae, Coccidae, México. ABSTRACT A new species of aphelinids, from the state of Nuevo León, Mexico, Coccophagus gonzalezi sp.nov., is described and illustrated. Key Words: Coccophagus gonzalezi, new species, Aphelinidae, Coccidae, Mexico. INTRODUCTION The genus Coccophagus Westwood, 1833, includes more than 200 described species and it is one of the largest genera in Aphelinidae. Its distribution is cosmopolitan. The first regional revision of Coccophagus was published in Australia (Girault 1915). Later Coccophagus species in the Ethiopian region (Annecke & Insley 1974), China (Huang 1994) and India (Hayat 1998) were revised.
    [Show full text]
  • New Scale Insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Records for The
    DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.16969/teb.16125 Türk. entomol. bült., 2015, 5(2): 59-68 ISSN 2146-975X Original article (Orijinal araştırma) New scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) records for the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti için yeni kayıt coccoid (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) türleri Selma ÜLGENTÜRK*1 M. Bora KAYDAN2 Sema ŞİŞMAN HOCALİ3 Summary Surveys of scale insects were carried out on infested fruits and ornamental plants in the Turkish Republic of North Cyprus during July 2013. Nine scale insect species were determined, four of which are new records for the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus fauna. The new records include: Anophococcus formicicola (Newstead) (Acanthococcidae), Aulacaspis yasumatsui Takagi (Diaspididae), Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) (Coccidae), and Phenacoccus maderiensis (Green) (Pseudococcidae). Keywords: Invasive species, Planococcus ficus, Ceroplastes floridensis, Coccus hesperidum. Özet Bu çalışmada Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti'ne Temmuz 2013 yılında sürveyler düzenlenmiş ve coccoidler ile bulaşık meyve ve süs bitkilerinin farklı organları örneklenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Anophococcus formicicola (Newstead) (Acanthococcidae), Aulacaspis yasumatsui Takagi (Diaspididae), Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) (Coccidae) ve Phenacoccus maderiensis (Green) (Pseudococcidae) türleri ülke için yeni kayıt olmak üzere dokuz coccoid türü belirlenmiştir. Anahtar sözcükler: İstilacı türler, Planococcus ficus, Ceroplastes floridensis, Coccus hesperidum 1 Ankara University, Agriculture Faculty, Plant
    [Show full text]
  • Palmyra Atoll
    Prepared for The Nature Conservancy Palmyra Program Biosecurity Plan for Palmyra Atoll Open-File Report 2010–1097 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover: Images showing ants, scale, black rats, and coconut trees found at Palmyra Atoll. (Photographs by Stacie Hathaway, U.S. Geological Survey, 2008.) Biosecurity Plan for Palmyra Atoll By Stacie A. Hathaway and Robert N. Fisher Prepared for The Nature Conservancy Palmyra Program Open-File Report 2010–1097 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2010 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Suggested citation: Hathaway, S.A., and Fisher, R.N., 2010, Biosecurity plan for Palmyra Atoll: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1097, 80 p. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report. Contents Executive
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity of Natural Enemies of Pseudococcidae in the Semiarid Region of Brazil
    Journal of Agricultural Science; Vol. 12, No. 7; 2020 ISSN 1916-9752 E-ISSN 1916-9760 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Biodiversity of Natural Enemies of Pseudococcidae in the Semiarid Region of Brazil Maria G. R. Sá1, José E. M. Oliveira2, Valmir A. Costa3 & Paulo R. C. Lopes2 1 Agricultural Sciences Campus, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco State, Brazil 2 Embrapa Semiárido, Petrolina State, Brazil 3 Biological Institute, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil Correspondence: Maria G. R. Sá, Agricultural Sciences Campus, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Highway BR 407, 12 Lot 543, Nilo Coelho Irrigation Project, S/N C1, Petrolina, Pernambuco State, Brazil. Tel: 55-87-99618-4185. E-mail: [email protected] Received: February 10, 2020 Accepted: May 4, 2020 Online Published: June 15, 2020 doi:10.5539/jas.v12n7p24 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n7p24 Abstract Pseudococcidae species, also known as mealybugs, comprises a complex of pests in various cultivated and non-cultivated plant species, among which fruit plants are most affected by both direct and indirect damage. The incidence of these pest species has been constant in productive environments, causing significant losses due to sap suction, virus transmission, and damage to fruit quality. Thus, this study aimed to know and investigate the population dynamics of natural enemies of Pseudococcidae in different fruit plants cultivated in the semiarid region of Brazil. For this, mealybugs associated with roots, stems, leaves, and fruits of vine, pear, apple, persimmon, guava, and acerola trees were collected biweekly in 14 properties in the São Francisco Valley region, from July 2016 to June 2017.
    [Show full text]