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Ramsbury Manor House: Courtyard Cottages Heritage Statement

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Ramsbury Manor House: Courtyard Cottages Heritage Statement Ramsbury Manor House: Courtyard Cottages Heritage Statement Frontispiece: Ramsbury Manor House viewed from the north, c.1820. Drawn by J.P. Neale, engraved by W.R. Smith (Neale, 1820, p. 202) Version.2: 18/12/17 Written and Compiled by Guy Arnall 1 Modern OS map of Site ©Crown Copyright and database rights 2017 Ordnance Survey With thanks to: The Provost and Fellows of Worcester College, Oxford The Wellcome Collection. Contact Information: Peregrine Bryant Architecture and Building Conservation The Courtyard, Fulham Palace Bishop’s Avenue, Fulham SW6 6EA [email protected] This report and all intellectual property rights in it and arising from it are the property of or are under licence to Peregrine Bryant Architecture. Neither the whole nor any part of this report, nor any drawing, plan, other document or any information contained within it may be reproduced in any form without the prior written consent of Peregrine Bryant Architecture. All material in which the intellectual property rights have been licensed to PBA and such rights belong to third parties may not be published or reproduced at all in any form, and any request for consent to the use of such material for publication or reproduction should be made directly to the owner of the intellectual property rights therein. 2 Contents 1. Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 6 2. Historical Summary ......................................................................................................................... 7 3. History of the Manor House ........................................................................................................... 8 3.1. William, Earl of Pembroke ...................................................................................................... 8 3.2. The Seventeenth Century ....................................................................................................... 9 3.2.1. Sir William Jones (bap. 3 July 1630 – d. 1682) .............................................................. 11 3.3. Sir William Jones’ Ramsbury House ...................................................................................... 12 3.3.1. Robert Hooke FRS (1635 – 1703) .................................................................................. 12 3.3.2. Robert Hooke and Ramsbury ........................................................................................ 14 3.3.3. The Townshend Papers ................................................................................................. 17 3.3.4. The Worcester College Drawing ................................................................................... 19 3.3.5. The C17 Manor House................................................................................................... 21 3.3.6. Ramsbury Manor House: Implications of the Basement Plan ...................................... 25 3.4. The Out Offices or Courtyard Cottages ................................................................................. 27 3.4.1. Lady Elizabeth and Sir William (Langham) Jones .......................................................... 28 3.4.2. Robert Mitchell ............................................................................................................. 29 3.4.3. The Orangery................................................................................................................. 30 3.4.4. Courtyard Cottages: External Design ............................................................................ 32 3.4.5. Courtyard Cottages: Internal Design ............................................................................. 36 3.4.6. Courtyard Cottages: The Edwardian Evidence .............................................................. 37 3.4.7. Courtyard Cottages: C20 Evidence ................................................................................ 40 4. Proposals and Potential impact .................................................................................................... 42 5. Bibliography .................................................................................................................................. 43 Appendix 1: Listing Entries Appendix 2: East Garston Woodland to Ramsbury Manor House Appendix 3: Courtyard Cottages Development Plan: Ground Floor Appendix 4: Courtyard Cottages Development Plan: First Floor 3 List of Figures Figure 1: The east front of the Earl of Pembroke’s House, Ramsbury Manor c.1567 (Stranton, 1909) . 8 Figure 2: Map of the Manor House and Parks, Ramsbury, 1676. Revised 1771 (Detail) (Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre (WSHC, X6/57HC) ........................................................................................... 10 Figure 3: Detail showing “The Front of the Mannor [sic] house”, within the Map of the manor house and parks, Ramsbury, 1676. Revised 1771 (WSHC, X6/57HC) .............................................................. 10 Figure 4: Detail showing “A Ground plan of the Mannor [sic] house and Courts”, within the Map of the manor house and parks, Ramsbury, 1676. Revised 1771 (WSHC, X6/57HC) ................................. 11 Figure 5: The principal elevation of Bethlem Hospital, 1676 (© the Wellcome Collection) ................ 16 Figure 6: Detail of the principal elevation of Bethlem Hospital, 1676, outlining the equivalent 9 bays seen at Ramsbury Manor (© the Wellcome Collection) ...................................................................... 16 Figure 7: John Rocque map showing East Garston and associated Woodland, 1761 .......................... 18 Figure 8: Drawing by Robert Hooke for an unidentified house, undated (courtesy of Worcester College Oxford, WOR/Colvin/525) ........................................................................................................ 19 Figure 9: Inscription to verso of drawing by Robert Hooke for an unidentified house, undated (courtesy of Worcester College Oxford, WOR/Colvin/525) .................................................................. 20 Figure 10: Pencil sketches of cupola and eave cornice design, to the margins of drawing by Robert Hooke, for an unidentified house, undated (courtesy of Worcester College Oxford, WOR/Colvin/525) .............................................................................................................................................................. 20 Figure 11: Lower-Ground Floor plan of Ramsbury Manor House, drawn by Marshall Sisson Architects for the Earl of Wilton, 1953. Note the brick-vaulted portion to the centre of the eastern rank of rooms (bottom-centre) (WSHC, 4373/1WS) ......................................................................................... 21 Figure 12: Ground Floor plan of Ramsbury Manor House, (Hill & Cornforth, 1966, p. 180) ................ 21 Figure 13: First Floor plan of Ramsbury Manor House, (Hill & Cornforth, 1966, p. 180) ..................... 22 Figure 14: Second Floor plan of Ramsbury Manor House, drawn by Marshall Sisson Architects for the Earl of Wilton, 1953 (WSHC, 4373/1WS) .............................................................................................. 22 Figure 15: Roof plan of Ramsbury Manor House, drawn by Marshall Sisson Architects for the Earl of Wilton, 1953 (WSHC, 4373/1WS) ......................................................................................................... 23 Figure 16: Lateral section of Ramsbury Manor House, drawn by Marshall Sisson Architects for the Earl of Wilton, 1953 (WSHC, 4373/1WS) .............................................................................................. 23 Figure 17: Plans of Coleshill House, Berkshire, completed 1662 (Hill & Cornforth, 1966, p. 94) ......... 25 Figure 18: Detail of Ramsbury Manor, east elevation. Note the Ovolo-and-fillet stone mullion window and the change in fabric, below stone string course, to basement level (including substantial areas of 1 ½ inch (38mm), English-bonded bricks) ............................................................................... 26 Figure 19: Detail from Andrews’ and Dury’s Map of Wiltshire, 1773 ................................................... 28 Figure 20: Detail from ‘Swindon 9’ map by William Stanley, 1818, showing Ramsbury House, Park and Gardens (British Library, Maps OSD 166) ...................................................................................... 30 Figure 21: Robert Mitchell’s design for Cottesbrooke, 1795 (Mitchell, 1801, p. 47) ........................... 31 Figure 22: Detail from Wallis Plan of The Cities of London And Westminster, 1801, showing the Panorama, located just to the north-east of Leicester Fields, now Leicester Square, on the site of Leicester House. .................................................................................................................................... 31 Figure 23: Section through Mitchell’s Rotunda, Leicester Square, c.1800 ........................................... 32 Figure 24: Detail of Ramsbury Western Division Map, 1839 (WHSC, 1792/38L) ................................. 33 Figure 25: The south elevation of the Orangery, inscribed ‘WJ, 1775’. English-bonded courses are evident below sill-level ......................................................................................................................... 33 4 Figure 26: The north-east elevation of the Courtyard Cottages, exhibiting three distinct phases
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