From Enslavement to Emancipation: Naming Practices in the Danish West Indies
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The Poetics of Relationality: Mobility, Naming, and Sociability in Southeastern Senegal by Nikolas Sweet a Dissertation Submitte
The Poetics of Relationality: Mobility, Naming, and Sociability in Southeastern Senegal By Nikolas Sweet A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology) in the University of Michigan 2019 Doctoral Committee Professor Judith Irvine, chair Associate Professor Michael Lempert Professor Mike McGovern Professor Barbra Meek Professor Derek Peterson Nikolas Sweet [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3957-2888 © 2019 Nikolas Sweet This dissertation is dedicated to Doba and to the people of Taabe. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The field work conducted for this dissertation was made possible with generous support from the National Science Foundation’s Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement Grant, the Wenner-Gren Foundation’s Dissertation Fieldwork Grant, the National Science Foundation’s Graduate Research Fellowship Program, and the University of Michigan Rackham International Research Award. Many thanks also to the financial support from the following centers and institutes at the University of Michigan: The African Studies Center, the Department of Anthropology, Rackham Graduate School, the Department of Afroamerican and African Studies, the Mellon Institute, and the International Institute. I wish to thank Senegal’s Ministère de l'Education et de la Recherche for authorizing my research in Kédougou. I am deeply grateful to the West African Research Center (WARC) for hosting me as a scholar and providing me a welcoming center in Dakar. I would like to thank Mariane Wade, in particular, for her warmth and support during my intermittent stays in Dakar. This research can be seen as a decades-long interest in West Africa that began in the Peace Corps in 2006-2009. -
Emancipation in St. Croix; Its Antecedents and Immediate Aftermath
N. Hall The victor vanquished: emancipation in St. Croix; its antecedents and immediate aftermath In: New West Indian Guide/ Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 58 (1984), no: 1/2, Leiden, 3-36 This PDF-file was downloaded from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl N. A. T. HALL THE VICTOR VANQUISHED EMANCIPATION IN ST. CROIXJ ITS ANTECEDENTS AND IMMEDIATE AFTERMATH INTRODUCTION The slave uprising of 2-3 July 1848 in St. Croix, Danish West Indies, belongs to that splendidly isolated category of Caribbean slave revolts which succeeded if, that is, one defines success in the narrow sense of the legal termination of servitude. The sequence of events can be briefly rehearsed. On the night of Sunday 2 July, signal fires were lit on the estates of western St. Croix, estate bells began to ring and conch shells blown, and by Monday morning, 3 July, some 8000 slaves had converged in front of Frederiksted fort demanding their freedom. In the early hours of Monday morning, the governor general Peter von Scholten, who had only hours before returned from a visit to neighbouring St. Thomas, sum- moned a meeting of his senior advisers in Christiansted (Bass End), the island's capital. Among them was Lt. Capt. Irminger, commander of the Danish West Indian naval station, who urged the use of force, including bombardment from the sea to disperse the insurgents, and the deployment of a detachment of soldiers and marines from his frigate (f)rnen. Von Scholten kept his own counsels. No troops were despatched along the arterial Centreline road and, although he gave Irminger permission to sail around the coast to beleaguered Frederiksted (West End), he went overland himself and arrived in town sometime around 4 p.m. -
Names in Toni Morrison's Novels: Connections
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality or this reproduction is dependent upon the quaUty or the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely. event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A. Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml48106·1346 USA 313!761·4700 8001521·0600 .. -------------------- ----- Order Number 9520522 Names in Toni Morrison's novels: Connections Clayton, Jane Burris, Ph.D. The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 1994 Copyright @1994 by Clayton, Jane Burris. -
African American
RESEARCHING African American AT THE MARYLAND STATE ArCHIVES BY PHEBE R. JACOBSEN & MARYLAND STATE ARCHIVES HOW TO BEGIN NAMES The genealogy of an African American family African Americans, for the most part, will use begins in the same manner as with a family the same records as anyone else searching their of any race. Start with your immediate family family history. These records in clude probate and go backwards in your search, generation by (estate settlement) records, land records, generation, being certain at every step to docu- mili tary records, court records, federal rec ords, ment all written proof of family rela tionships and church records. Most people have ac cepted discovered. Write down or record remembrances the tradition that enslaved people, when freed, of older relatives. Even if no written record took the surname of their former owner. But exists, oral tradition may provide valuable clues an examination of Maryland slave statistics, for continuing your search. Be sure, specifically, manumissions, and other records shows that to document the source of all of your infor- blacks took surnames the same way whites mation as you find it. had in earlier generations. Some freed slaves assumed the name of a respected white family, a beloved clergyman, or an admired black Manumission of Molly Gibbs, formerly called Poll, leader; others took a name from their trade, slave of Elizabeth Bordley, Anne Arundel County, from a physical trait, or from a geograph ical 1789 [ MSA C111-1-2] . eople researching African American history are particularly fortunate if their families lived in Maryland. A strong tradition of record keeping from the earliest days of settlement has resulted in the preservation of a vast amount of material relevant to African American history. -
"EWJ AFRICA" ERICA" HI CURRICU UM GUIDE Grades 9 T
THE "EWJ AFRICA" ERICA" HI CURRICU UM GUIDE Grades 9 t Larry fl. Greene Lenworth Gunther Trenton new Jersey Historical Commission. Department of State CONTENTS Foreword 5 About the Authors 7 Preface 9 How to Use This Guide 11 Acknowledgments 13 Unit 1 African Beginnings 15 Unit 2 Africa, Europe, and the Rise of Afro-America, 1441-1619 31 Unit 3 African American Slavery in the Colonial Era, 1619-1775 50 Unit 4 Blacks in the Revolutionary Era, 1776-1789 61 Unit 5 Slavery and Abolition in Post-Revolutionary and Antebellum America, 1790-1860 72 Unit 6 African Americans and the Civil War, 1861-1865 88 Unit 7 The Reconstruction Era, 1865-1877 97 Unit 8 The Rise ofJim Crow and The Nadir, 1878-1915 106 Unit 9 World War I and the Great Migration, 1915-1920 121 Unit 10 The Decade of the Twenties: From the Great Migration to the Great Depression 132 Unit 11 The 1930s: The Great Depression 142 Unit 12 World War II: The Struggle for Democracy at Home and Abroad, 1940-1945 151 Unit 13 The Immediate Postwar Years, 1945-1953 163 Unit 14 The Civil Rights and Black Power Era: Gains and Losses, 1954-1970 173 Unit 15 Beyond Civil Rights, 1970-1994 186 3 DEDICATED TO Vallie and Rolph Greene and Freddy FOREWORD Because the New Jersey African American History along with the decade's considerable social agitation Curriculum Guide: Grades 9 to 12 is a unique educa and the consciousness-raising experiences that it en tional resource, most persons interested in teaching gendered, encouraged other groups to decry their African American history to New Jersey high school marginal place in American history and to clamor, students will welcome its appearance. -
The Transatlantic Slave Trade
1 2 3 4 The Transatlantic Slave Trade 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 [First Page] 12 13 [-1], (1) 14 15 Lines: 0 to 9 16 17 ——— 18 * 455.0pt PgVar ——— 19 Normal Page 20 * PgEnds: PageBreak 21 22 23 [-1], (1) 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 BOB — University of Nebraska Press / Page i / / The Transatlantic Slave Trade / James A. Rawley 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 [-2], (2) 14 15 Lines: 9 to 10 16 17 ——— 18 0.0pt PgVar ——— 19 Normal Page 20 PgEnds: T X 21 E 22 23 [-2], (2) 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 BOB — University of Nebraska Press / Page ii / / The Transatlantic Slave Trade / James A. Rawley 1 2 3 4 The Transatlantic 5 6 7 8 Slave Trade 9 10 11 A History, revised edition 12 13 [-3], (3) 14 15 Lines: 10 to 32 16 17 ——— 18 0.0pt PgVar ——— 19 James A. Rawley Normal Page 20 * PgEnds: PageBreak 21 with Stephen D. Behrendt 22 23 [-3], (3) 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 university of nebraska press 39 lincoln and london BOB — University of Nebraska Press / Page iii / / The Transatlantic Slave Trade / James A. Rawley 1 © 1981, 2005 by James A. Rawley 2 All rights reserved 3 Manufactured in the United States of America 4 ⅜ϱ 5 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data 6 Rawley, James A. -
Rethinking Representations of Slave Life a Historical Plantation Museums
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Louisiana State University Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2006 Rethinking representations of slave life a historical plantation museums: towards a commemorative museum pedagogy Julia Anne Rose Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Education Commons Recommended Citation Rose, Julia Anne, "Rethinking representations of slave life a historical plantation museums: towards a commemorative museum pedagogy" (2006). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 1040. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/1040 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. RETHINKING REPRESENTATIONS OF SLAVE LIFE AT HISTORICAL PLANTATION MUSEUMS: TOWARDS A COMMEMORATIVE MUSEUM PEDAGOGY A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Curriculum and Instruction by Julia Anne Rose B.A., State University of New York at Albany, 1980 M.A.T., The George Washington University, 1984 August, 2006 Dedication In memory of my loving sister, Claudia J. Liban ii Acknowledgments I was a young mother with two little boys when I first entertained the idea of pursuing a doctor of philosophy degree in education. -
Bahamas & Caribbean – Cruising the United States Virgin Islands Yacht
Marinalife Cruise Itineraries – US Virgin Islands 1 Bahamas & Caribbean – Cruising the United States Virgin Islands Of all the European nations busy colonizing the Caribbean during the golden age of sail; Denmark is the least likely to pop up in the mind of present day sailors. The Danes, however, started colonies on St. Thomas in 1665 and St. John in 1683. West Indian sugar was the driving force behind colonization then. Slave labor planted and harvested sugar cane. A triangular trade developed where Danish merchants traded African slaves for loaves of brown sugar that were sent across the Atlantic to sweeten the tables in Danish homes. In 1733, France sold St. Croix to Denmark, and from that time on the three Scandinavian owned islands were called the Danish West Indies. For the sum of $25 million, in 1917, the United States purchased St. Thomas, St. John and St. Croix from Denmark. The new United States Virgin Islands became a territory, much like Puerto Rico. That was a good investment by the U.S. government, since today USVI directly generates a half billion dollars annually from travel and tourism. And that is great news for boaters because it has helped USVI develop into a very friendly destination for cruising. 1. - Estimated Mileage: 0 Yacht Haven Grande St. Thomas, St. Thomas 340-774-9500 ext 1 HIGHLIGHTS Marinalife Cruise Itineraries – US Virgin Islands 2 Charlotte Amalie is most well known for its extensive cruise ship port and great shopping. It is all that and more. Once your boat is provisioned and all necessary supplies are onboard, spend a fun day shopping before the dock lines are slipped. -
Management of the Port of Saint Thomas, Danish West Indies, During the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries
Management of the Port of Saint Thomas, Danish West Indies, during the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries Erik Goebel Introduction1 Until 1917 Denmark possessed three small islands in the Caribbean situated just east of Puerto Rico: Saint Thomas, Saint John and Saint Croix. Since 1917 they have been the property of the United States.2 The most important of the islands contains the port of Saint Thomas, one of the most beautiful and, more important, one of the best ports of the Caribbean. Before World War I it was an important regional entrepôt and a port of call for many trans-Atlantic liners. For example, the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company had its Caribbean headquarters in Saint Thomas from 1851 to 1870 and the Hamburg- American Packet Company did the same from 1873 to 1914. Moreover, a number of other companies called regularly at the Danish free port. As well, it was a most important centre for Caribbean trade and shipping. It was fitting that Saint Thomas was called the "Emporium of the Antilles. " By way of introduction to the port, we might examine at length the observations of one of Saint Thomas' most well-informed inhabitants, Dr. Charles Edwin Taylor, who in 1905 wrote the following about the harbour: Saint Thomas has had a most eventful history for which it is wholly indebted to its fine harbour, with which there is none to compare in the West Indies. Easy of access, it swells into a spacious and beautiful octagonal basin, furnishing ample and safe anchorage for the largest steamers, of which many enter and leave it through the year.. -
Timeline of the Virgin Islands with Emphasis on Linguistics, Compiled by Sara Smollett, 2011
Timeline of the Virgin Islands with emphasis on linguistics, compiled by Sara Smollett, 2011. Sources: Hall, Slave Society in the Danish West Indies, 1992; Dookhan, A History of the Virgin Islands of the United States, 1994; Westergaard, The Danish West Indies under Company Rule (1671 { 1754), 1917; Oldendorp, Historie der caribischen Inseln Sanct Thomas, 1777; Highfield, The French Dialect of St Thomas, 1979; Boyer, America's Virgin Islands, 2010; de Albuquerque and McElroy in Glazier, Caribbean Ethnicity Revisited, 1985; http://en.wikipedia.org/; http://www.waterislandhistory.com; http://www.northamericanforts.com/; US census data I've used modern names throughout for consistency. However, at various previous points in time: St Croix was Santa Cruz, Christiansted was Bassin; Charlotte Amalie was Taphus; Vieques was Crab Island; St Kitts was St Christopher. Pre-Columbus .... first Ciboneys, then later Tainos and Island Caribs settle the Virgin Islands Early European exploration 1471 Portuguese arrive on the Gold Coast of Africa 1493 Columbus sails past and names the islands, likely lands at Salt River on St Croix and meets natives 1494 Spain and Portugal define the Line of Demarcation 1502 African slaves are first brought to Hispanola 1508 Ponce de Le´onsettles Puerto Rico 1553 English arrive on the Gold Coast of Africa 1585 Sir Francis Drake likely anchors at Virgin Gorda 1588 Defeat of the Spanish Armada 1593 Dutch arrive on the Gold Coast of Africa 1607 John Smith stopped at St Thomas on his way to Jamestown, Virginia Pre-Danish settlement -
African Names and Naming Practices: the Impact Slavery and European
African Names and Naming Practices: The Impact Slavery and European Domination had on the African Psyche, Identity and Protest THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Liseli A. Fitzpatrick, B.A. Graduate Program in African American and African Studies The Ohio State University 2012 Thesis Committee: Lupenga Mphande, Advisor Leslie Alexander Judson Jeffries Copyrighted by Liseli Anne Maria-Teresa Fitzpatrick 2012 Abstract This study on African naming practices during slavery and its aftermath examines the centrality of names and naming in creating, suppressing, retaining and reclaiming African identity and memory. Based on recent scholarly studies, it is clear that several elements of African cultural practices have survived the oppressive onslaught of slavery and European domination. However, most historical inquiries that explore African culture in the Americas have tended to focus largely on retentions that pertain to cultural forms such as religion, dance, dress, music, food, and language leaving out, perhaps, equally important aspects of cultural retentions in the African Diaspora, such as naming practices and their psychological significance. In this study, I investigate African names and naming practices on the African continent, the United States and the Caribbean, not merely as elements of cultural retention, but also as forms of resistance – and their importance to the construction of identity and memory for persons of African descent. As such, this study examines how European colonizers attacked and defiled African names and naming systems to suppress and erase African identity – since names not only aid in the construction of identity, but also concretize a people’s collective memory by recording the circumstances of their experiences. -
Balkan Saints
1 SAINTS OF THE BALKANS Edited by Mirjana Detelić and Graham Jones 2 Table of Contents Mirjana Detelić and Graham Jones, Introduction (3-5) Milena Milin, The beginnings of the cults of Christian martyrs and other saints in the Late Antique central Balkans (6-15) Aleksandar Loma, The contribution of toponomy to an historical topography of saints‟ cults among the Serbs (16-22) Tatjana Subotin-Golubović, The cult of Michael the Archangel in medieval Serbia (23- 30) Danica Popović, The eremitism of St Sava of Serbia (31-41) Branislav Cvetković, The icon in context: Its functional adaptability in medieval Serbia (42-50) Miroslav Timotijević, From saints to historical heroes: The cult of the Despots Branković in the Nineteenth Century (52-69) Jelena Dergenc, The relics of St Stefan Štiljanović (70-80) Gerda Dalipaj, Saint‟s day celebrations and animal sacrifice in the Shpati region of Albania: Reflections of local social structure and identities (81-89) Raĉko Popov, Paraskeva and her „sisters‟: Saintly personification of women‟s rest days and other themes (90-98) Manolis Varvounis, The cult of saints in Greek traditional culture (99-108) Ljupĉo Risteski, The concept and role of saints in Macedonian popular religion (109- 127) Biljana Sikimić, Saints who wind guts (128-161) Mirjam Mencej, Saints as the wolves‟ shepherd (162-184) Mirjana Detelić, Two case studies of the saints in the „twilight zone‟ of oral literature: Petka and Sisin (185-204) Contributors Branislav Cvetković, Regional Museum, Jagodina (Serbia) Gerda Dalipaj, Tirana (Albania) Jelena Dergenc, The National Museum, Belgrade (Serbia) Mirjana Detelić, The SASA Institute for Balkan Studies, Belgrade (Serbia) Aleksandar Loma, Faculty of Philosophy, Belgrade University (Serbia) Mirjam Mencej, Faculty of Philosophy, Ljubljana University (Slovenia) Milena Milin, Faculty of Philosophy, Belgrade University (Serbia) Raĉko Popov, Ethnographic Institute and Museum, Sofia (Bulgaria) Danica Popović, The SASA Institute for Balkan Studies, Belgrade (Serbia) Ljupĉo S.