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Kmsaki Ki 67 Tony

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Kmsaki Ki 67 Tony KMSAKI KI 67TONY Tonywas superior tothe prin- cipalland-based fighters that initiallyopposed it:the Bell P-39and the Curtiss P-40. lmprovedversions ofthe Tonywere developed but didn't achievetrue mass production. Aslightly enlarged Ki61-ll had a 1,500hpdevelopment ofthe Ha40, designated "Ha 140," butthis engine was plagued withproblems tothe point A flight viewot a KawasakiKi,61-l Tnny tha! was capturetl by the Atliesand tested after being repaintett where275 of the Ki 61-lls were wilh non-standardcoloring. The reslored Japanese insignia was used lor puhlicitypurposes. ilote the completedas"Ki100," with extremelyclean design and radiator in$tallalinn sinilat to theNoilh Anerican p-ii.- 1,500hpMitsubishi Ha112 radialengines. Peak production T HISKawasakifighter, like theycode-named it "Tony." Itsinitial armament was a ofthe Tony (254 a month)was I otherJapanese aircraft of Whilemost Japanese fight- pairol12.7mm machine guns achievedinJuly '1944. WWll, is a sourceof confu- ersused air-cooled radial en- onthe nose, and two 7.9mm Thefinal operations ofthe sionto Westerners because it ginesprior to the war, the gunsin each wing on Ki61-1a Tonywere against Allied air- hasseveral designations. In Ki61 used a Japaneseversion orone 12.7mm gun in each craftthat were attacklng the theofficial ofthe 1,050hp wingon Ki 61-lb. These more Japanesehome islands. 0nly sequential SPECIFIGATIONS German thandoubled the firepower of Ki61-llswith the altitude-rated KitaiArmy Daimler-BenzJapanesefighters then in Ha140 engine could reach, and aircraftnum- ANDPERFORMANCE Kt61-1b DB-601Athat beringsys- theKawasaki fhis groundview of a temadopted Wingspan.....39 ft., 4 7hoin. AircraftEngi- Ki 61-lshows the wide- in1932, it's neeringCo. tracklanding gear and "Ki Length........... 2B ft., I 1/z in. basicnatural-netal lin- 61."lt's builtunder ish.Various camoullage also"Army WingArea .........215.2 sq.ft. licenseas the pa{emswere olten ap- Type3 pliedin thelield. EmptyWeight ....... 4,872 tbs. Ha40. fighte/'in the Kawasakithen i+l systemwhere GrossWeight .......6,504 tbs. service.Later versions wereeffective against, the op- (7,1 lbs. builtthe Ki 61 thenumber is 65 withoverload) to utilizethis adoptedtwo and even four eratingaltitude ofthe B-29. thelast digit HighSpeed ..........368nph at engine.This 20mmwing cannon. Afew Othersdid well against carrier- ofthe Japa- 15,945ft. aircraftwas a evenhad 30mm cannon. basedfighters and were out- nesedynastic majordepar- TheTonys went into action classedonly by the U.S. Army Year2603, ServiceCeiling .......37,730 ft. turefrom tra- inNew Guinea inApril 1943 P-51soperating from nearby (equivalentto Max Range 684nites ditionalJapa- andquickly became the princi- lwoJima. 1940),the nesedesign, palJapanese Army fighter. Productionofthe Tony yearin which andwas the Largerand heavier than the endedin January 1945, owing theaircraft was designed. Fur- firstto incorporatefeatures JapaneseNavy's Mitsubishi toAllied bombing ofthe air- ther,the Allies, not knowing foundessential inthe first year Zeke,the Tony wasn't a frameand engine factories. thetrue Japanese designa- ofEuropean WW ll opera- dogfighterlike the Zeke, but Altogether,3,078 Tonys were tions,assigned code names to tions-armor,self-sealing fuel wasbetter suited to the hit- built:2,654 Ki 61-ls (per the allknown Japanese airplanes. tanksand heavier firepower. and-runtechniques that the drawing),plus 12 prototype Believingthat the Ki 61 was Theprototype Ki61 first flew Allieshad developed tocom- andpre-production Ki61-ls derivedfrom an ltalian design, inDecember 1941 . batthe Zeke. In any case, the and412Ki 61-lls. I SGALE AIRGRAFT DNAWITIGS Wort on th. Xi.6l-l b.gqn In Fcb. 1940, By Drc. l94l o prololtpa b|oon llight htl. a ootly in'42 qlontlty DToducllon ror undcr roy. Thc ogarolionol dabul look ploc. Apiil 1943, ot W.rol, Nar Gsin.o. Totol 9ioduc' tlon ol oil.xi.6t-l'. ror 2,654 (Ki.6l-Io, Ib,lc,8ld). Prop lip! orr yallow, blqda! 8 rpinr6r o.! rad.brorn UAJCIF TIil|IICCI KCr'AYA'H.T TOTVY Flighl inllrumcnt Vrntuti Bos6 coloa ovsr oll is nqlurol oluminun wilh o rondon pollern of dork olivo gro6n sproyrd on Cockpil intoiior i. dork lho uppcr 6lrfccca. Th! goltcrn vorird from h€lollic blu6. plon6 io plon€,in soms cqsos o smoll blolch, olh€rs hod long !trgokg of poanl. Ll._ ts\Yar-1'f\" lnslrumenl ponol Viciory mork3 under cockpif w€rc in lh! form ol top yiow lilhourlte! plono indicote lhc lypr! cloihed ol tho ?ypc of occounlrd for. Pholor Dork bluo ro?a 2 singlc cngino ploncs a l2 tour.ngino plon63. Color whilo. Ff,r F5t \. '---) Scole 2345 This oircrofl wos florn by o 14 yiclorios oc6 of th6 Joponggo Army AirForcc. Ths pitot ros rith lhe 244th Fighlrr Squod. (TYPE3 FIG'{rER .o. bosed ol Chofu n.ot Tokyo. LOCKHEED HUDSL,.\ f HELockheed Hudson isan I outstandingexample ofa successfultransport plane- the1937 14-passenger LockheedModel 14-that becamean even more suc- cessfulbomber. The airliner wasoffered with a varietvof radialengines inthe 7501 .*l 1,100hprange, and 112 were .., sold.lronically, some planes, : ,t witha manufacturinglicense, weresold to Japan. During the s\"nj*r war,the Allies code-named the Japaneseversions "Thelma" andthe imports "Toby." InFebruary 1938, aware of A LockheedHudson I displays the early 1940 lorn ot lhe Britishfin llash,which ran the lult heightol thetin. anupcoming visit by a British purchasingcommission inter- aircraftdetails and equipment, .303-caliberVickers machine border.They were flown by estedin obtaining American theAir Ministry ordered 200 guns.Two fixed .303 guns U.S.crews to airports right on bombers,Lockheed rushed to LockheedB-'l4Ls under the wereinstalled inthe nose, and theborder, towed across the producea wooden mock-up of Britishdesignation "Hudson l" a bombbay for up to 1,400 line,and flown on by Canadian a Model14 bomber fuselage. (ata costof $25,000,000), poundsofbombs or depth crews. TheBritish liked what thev andas many more as could be chargeswas located beneath Altogether,2,940 Hudsons saw,but it didn'tfullv mebt deliveredbyDecember 1939. theairliner floor. The werebuilt under six basic des- theirneeds. The powerplantforthe Hudson I ignationsfor British Common- Theywanted Hudson's wasthe 1,100 takeoff hp wealthforces, two U.S. Army a reconnais-SPEGIFICATIONS airframewas WrightGR-1820-G302A designationsandone U.S. sance ANDPERFORMANCE thesame as Cyclonesingle-row engine. Navydesignation, asfollows: bomberthat LOCKHEEDHUDSON theairliner's, Thefirst flight of the BRITISHHUDSONS wouldhave it marked a WingArea .....-............. 551sq. ft. and Hudsonwas on December 10, Hudson/-The original200 navigatoras thefirst mili- 1938,and in February the first onthe British direct-purchase a keycrew EnptyWeight ........... 11,630 tbs. taryuse of planewas shipped to England,order,plus an additional 150, member.He GrassWeight 17,500tbs. thenew wherearmament was in- allwith Cyclone engines. neededto be Fowlerwing stalled.Inthe absence ofa pic- TopSpeed ...246nph at 6,500 ft. Australiacomplicated the closeto the flapthat had Britishturret in the U.S., the tureby ordering 50 Lockheed pilotand CruisingSpeed ..........,... 170mph beenintro- firstHudson was tested with a B-14Ssas "Hudson l" but havean ex- Ceiling ......................... 25,000ft. ducedon the woodenmock-up ofthe turret. specifiedthe 1,100hp Pratt & cellentfield Model14. lt Theearliest Hudsons were WhitneyR-1 830-SC3G Twin Range...................... ofview. 1,700mites extended shippedto Englandfrom Cali- Wasp,atwin-row engine. In Within24 rearwardand fornia,or flown to NewYork recognitionofthe identity hours,Lockheed had modified down,which increased wing andloaded aboard ships. Later problem,afurther 50 themock-up by increasing the area.An advanced feature, by Hudsonswere sent to Canada AustralianHudsons were numberof windows inits U.S.military standards, was a fordelivery to Englandbyair, orderedas"Hudson ll," and nose. BritishBoulton & Paul oow- butbecause ofU.S. neutrality theAustralian Hudson lswere Followingtwo months of ereddorsal gun turret, which atthe time, they couldn't be redesignated"Hudson lV." intensivediscussion about containedtwo British flownacross the Canadian Hudson//- Distinguishing l" WW II SGATE AIRGRAFT DRAWIlIGS externaldetails of these twin- rowengine Hudsons were A HudsonV withlul a turret0n a tacturytest tlight in June1941. Compare the cowlingtor the Pratl& Whitney deepercowlings fitted with engineswith thoseof Wrighl-powerednodels in thedrawing and other photls. Alsonote the reatward as wellas coolingflaps. The Australian thedownward ertension ot theFowler tlaps. Marklls differed from the Markls in that they had sentto England. theydidn't meet U.S. Army A-294-The184 A-29As constant-speedpropellers and HudsonM-52 MarklVs specificationsatthe time, they wereA-29s with cabins modi- a strengthenedairframe. suppliedtoAustralia under operatedas"Lockheed Model fiedfor alternative use as un- Hudsonllllhe 428 Lend-Leasewith the U.S 414"under their original armedtroop transports. Hudsonllls had the aidrame Armydesignation "A-28." The Britishserial numbers, and A-29Blwenty-four A-29s andpropellers ofthe Mark ll, engineswere now R-l830-45. theyoften used British insig- thatwere modified for use as upgraded'1,200 takeoff hp Hudsonl/-The 408 nia.Under Lend-Lease, new photo-surveyplanes. GR-1820-G205A engines, and HudsonVs with Twin-Wasp Armyspecifications were writ- AT-18-Theonly Hudsons threeadditional .303-caliber engineswere the last Hudsons tento fit the existing airplanes builtfrom scratch for the U.S. machineguns (one on each procuredon British
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