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EXPLAINING POPULIST PARTY ADAPTATION in LATIN AMERICA Environmental and Organizational Determinants of Party Change in Argentina, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela
ARTICLE 10.1177/0010414003256112COMPARATIVEBurgess, Levitsky POLITICAL / POPULIST STUDIES PARTY LATIN / October AMERICA 2003 EXPLAINING POPULIST PARTY ADAPTATION IN LATIN AMERICA Environmental and Organizational Determinants of Party Change in Argentina, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela KATRINA BURGESS Syracuse University STEVEN LEVITSKY Harvard University This article uses a two-level framework to explain variation in Latin American populist parties’ responses to the neoliberal challenge of the 1980s and 1990s. First, it examines the incentives for adaptation, focusing on the electoral and economic environments in which parties operated. Sec- ond, it examines parties’organizational capacity to adapt, focusing on leadership renovation and the accountability of office-holding leaders to unions and party authorities. This framework is applied to four cases: the Argentine Justicialista Party (PJ), the Mexican Institutional Revolu- tionary Party (PRI), the Peruvian APRA party, and Venezuelan Democratic Action (AD). In Argentina, the combination of strong incentives and substantial adaptive capacity resulted in radical programmatic change and electoral success. In Mexico, where the PRI had high adaptive capacity but faced somewhat weaker external incentives, programmatic change was slower but nevertheless substantial, and the party survived as a major political force. In Peru, where APRA had some capacity but little incentive to adapt, and in Venezuela, where AD had neither a strong incentive nor the capacity to adapt, populist parties achieved little programmatic change and suf- fered steep electoral decline. Keywords: Argentina; Mexico; Peru; Venezuela; populist parties; party change AUTHORS’NOTE: An earlier draft of this article was delivered at the 2001 meeting of the Latin American Studies Association in Washington, DC, September 6-8, 2001. -
Hispanic Digital Newspapers in the United States
ISSN 2373–874X (online) 016-12/2015EN Hispanic Digital Newspapers in the United States Clara González-Tosat 1 Topic: Spanish-language digital journalism in the United States Summary: Analysis of the current state of Hispanic digital journalism in the United States by studying online newspapers published in the country and their quality. Keywords: cyberjournalism, cybermedia, Spanish, Hispanic, design, Internet, press, media Introduction and project basis This report analyzes the current state of Hispanic digital journalism in the United States by studying online newspapers published in the country. This research aims to identify Hispanic cybermedia and their characteristics by analyzing a series of general and specific indicators. Furthermore, this report pays attention to the integration and the evolution of the Internet and its effects on American © Clara González Tosat Hispanic Digital Newspapers in the United States Informes del Observatorio / Observatorio Reports. 016-12/2015EN ISSN: 2373-874X (online) doi: 10.15427/OR016-12/2015EN Instituto Cervantes at FAS - Harvard University © Instituto Cervantes at the Faculty of Arts and Sciences of Harvard University journalistic production in Spanish, a process that justifies the creation and maintenance of Hispanic media in the country as the Latino population increases and constitutes one of the major groups of population in the country. The term “cibermedio” ‘cybermedium’ used throughout the report, is defined as a “content provider that seeks to mediate between facts and the public, that primarily utilizes journalistic criteria and techniques, that makes use of multimedia language, that is interactive and hypertextual, and that is updated and published on the Internet” (Díaz Noci and Salaverría 2003). -
Porfirian Influence on Mexican Journalism: an Enduring Legacy of Economic Control
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1987 Porfirian influence on Mexican journalism: An enduring legacy of economic control Steve Devitt The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Devitt, Steve, "Porfirian influence on Mexican journalism: An enduring legacy of economic control" (1987). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 5085. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/5085 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COPYRIGHT ACT OF 1976 Th is is an unpublished m a nu scr ipt in w hich c o pyr ig ht s u b s is t s . Any further r e p r in t in g of it s contents must be APPROVED BY THE AUTHOR. Ma n s f ie l d L ibrary Un iv e r s it y of Montana D a t e :____ 1_ THE PORFIRIAN INFLUENCE ON MEXICAN JOURNALISM: AN ENDURING LEGACY OF ECONOMIC CONTROL by Steve Devitt B.A., Eastern Montana College, 1971 Presented in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Journalism University of Montana 1987 Approved by Graduate School UMI Number: EP40549 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The. -
Exile and Repatriation in the Barrios: the Great Depression in La Prensa and La Opinión, 1930-1932
Camino Real 7: 10. (2015): 93-108 Exile and Repatriation in the Barrios: The Great Depression in La Prensa and La Opinión, 1930-1932 NANCY A. AGUIRRE Abstract During the Great Depression, La Prensa and La Opinión were two of the top-selling Spanish-language newspapers in the United States. These publications, established by Porfirista exile Ignacio E. Lozano, served the Mexican immigrant community, known as el México de afuera, by reporting news from Mexico and the United States, and by encouraging charitable work during the economic crisis. More importantly, these newspapers published news and commentary related to the repatriation of approximately one million Mexicans and Mexican-Americans during the 1930s, a policy enacted by the U.S. government. This essay examines the reactions of La Prensa and La Opinión to repatriation, and the important perspective they provide on forced displacement from both sides of the U.S./Mexico border. Lozano and his staff were political exiles, banished from Mexico for criticizing the country’s revolutionary regime. Consequently, their political situation in Mexico and the fear of deportation influenced their non-combative reactions to repatriation. Nonetheless, Lozano and his colleagues considered themselves opinion leaders in the Mexican barrios, and they helped barrio residents by promoting charity work. They also maintained a sense of the optimism of the 1920s by publishing columns on sports, Hollywood, and popular Nancy Aguirre, Assistant Professor of History at The Citadel. She has published work on the exile newspaperLa Prensa and its implications on politics and gender in the U.S./Mexico borderlands. Aguirre, N. A. -
La Prensa and Liberalism in Argentina, 1930-19461 Jorge Nállim University of Manitoba
An Unbroken Loyalty in Turbulent Times: La Prensa and Liberalism in Argentina, 1930-19461 JORGE NÁLLIM University of Manitoba In recent years, a growing body of scholarship has revised one of the most controversial periods in Argentine history: the sixteen years between the mi- litary coup of September 1930 and the presidential election of Juan Perón in 1946. These years have been traditionally interpreted as a transition period, a “prelude” to the emergence of Peronism, characterized by the decadence of the nineteenth-century liberal republic in a context of political and ideological crisis and economic and social transformation. While acknowledging some of those features, new studies emphasize the blurred political and ideological boundaries of the main political and social actors and locate them within the broader histo- rical framework of the interwar years. For example, they show that the Radical and Socialist parties and the conservative groups that gathered in the ruling Concordancia coalition were deeply divided and far from being ideologically homogeneous, and that varied positions on state economic intervention, free trade, and industrialization generated both sharp intra-party differences as well as cross-party coincidences.2 This new historiography offers a particularly fruitful context to explore one of the most important national newspapers in this period, La Prensa. Founded in 1869 by José C. Paz in the city of Buenos Aires, La Prensa eventually achieved a large national circulation and a reputation as a “serious press,” which made it widely accepted as a reliable source of information and a frequent reference in congressional debates. Firmly controlled by the Paz family, the newspaper and its owners prospered during Argentina’s elitist liberal republic which lasted [email protected] E.I.A.L., Vol. -
From IRCA to the Ya Es Hora Citizenship Campaign, 1987-2007
Mobilizing Latino Immigrant Integration: From IRCA to the Ya Es Hora Citizenship Campaign, 1987-2007 David R. Ayón Leavy Center for the Study of Los Angeles Loyola Marymount University Los Angeles, CA Research Paper Series on Latino Immigrant Civic and Political Participation, No. 1 January 2009 www.wilsoncenter.org/migrantparticipation Mobilizing Latino Immigrant Integration: From IRCA to the Ya Es Hora Citizenship Campaign, 1987-2007 David R. Ayón Leavy Center for the Study of Los Angeles Loyola Marymount University The Ya Es Hora (“It’s Time”) campaign, launched in Los Angeles in January 2007, marked the advent of a sustained and comprehensive strategy with national reach aimed at mobilizing Latin American immigrants and leading them to civic participation in the United States. As such, YEH can be seen in concept not only as an extension but even as something of a culmination of two decades of mass immigrant integration and Latino empowerment efforts. The experience of the first phase of this campaign underscores how both national and local advocacy and service organizations have come to critically interact with Spanish- language communications media as well as with government in efforts to integrate immigrants. This paper examines that first phase of YEH, focused on naturalization and known as Ya Es Hora: Ciudadanía, against the backdrop of previous efforts to mobilize Latino immigrants. Some of the most significant of these efforts originated in the migrante gateway city of Los Angeles. The modern era of primarily Latino immigrant mobilization can be dated to the legalization programs of the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA), which gave legal status to over 2.5 million (predominantly Mexican) undocumented migrants. -
The History of Mexican Journalism
THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI BULLETIN VOLUME 29, NUMBER 4 JOURNALISM SERIES, NO. 49 Edited by Robert S. Mann The History of Mexican Journalism BY HENRY LEPIDUS ISSUED FOUR TIMES MONTHLY; ENTERED AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER AT THE POSTOFFICE AT COLUMBIA, MISSOURl-2,500 JANUARY 21, 1928 2 UNIVERSfTY oF Mrssouru BULLETIN Contents I. Introduction of Printing into Mexico and the Forerunners of Journalism ______ 5 II. Colonial Journalism -------------------------------------------------------12 III. Revolutionary Journalism --------------------------------------------------25 IV. From Iturbide to Maximilian -----------------------------------------------34 V. From the Second Empire to "El lmparcial" --------------------------------47 VI. The Modern Period -------------------------------------------------------64 Conclusion ---------------------------___________________________________________ 81 Bibliography --------__ -------------__________ -----______________________________ 83 THE HISTORY OF MEXICAN JOURNALISM 3 Preface No continuous history of Mexican journalism from the earliest times to the present has ever been written. Much information on the subject exists, but nobody, so far as I know, has taken the trouble to assemble the material and present it as a whole. To do this within the limits necessarily imposed upon me in the present study is my principal object. The subject of Mexican journalism is one concerning which little has been written in the United States, but that fact need not seem su;prising. With compara tively few exceptions, Americans of international interests have busied themselves with studies of European or even Oriental themes; they have had l;ttle time for. the study of the nations south of the Rio Grande. More recently, however, the im portance of the Latin American republics, particularly Mexico, to us, has been in creasingly recognized, and the necessity of obtaining a clearer understanding of our southern neighbor has come to be more widely appreciated in the United States than it formerly was. -
Panama & Mexico Exchange Criticisms by Deborah Tyroler Category/Department: General Published: Friday, April 6, 1990
University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository NotiCen Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) 4-6-1990 Panama & Mexico Exchange Criticisms Deborah Tyroler Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/noticen Recommended Citation Tyroler, Deborah. "Panama & Mexico Exchange Criticisms." (1990). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/noticen/3903 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in NotiCen by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LADB Article Id: 070856 ISSN: 1089-1560 Panama & Mexico Exchange Criticisms by Deborah Tyroler Category/Department: General Published: Friday, April 6, 1990 March 30: At the conclusion of a meeting in Mexico City, Rio Group (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela) foreign ministers issued a joint statement calling for elections in Panama. [See CAU 04/04/90.) March 31: During a speech at a political rally, Panamanian President Guillermo Endara said his government was "legitimized by the people at the polls on May 7...We don't want the legitimization of the Mexican government... because it is a government that came to power through sheer electoral fraud." Mexican Foreign Minister Fernando Solana was accused of meddling in Panama's internal affairs. April 2: In statements appearing in Panamanian newspaper La Prensa, Panamanian Foreign Minister Julio Linares said that while the majority of the Rio Group nations have normalized diplomatic relations with Panama, "Mexico insists on questioning the legitimacy of this government." Linares said that Mexico seemed to have been more comfortable with "Gen. -
Porfirismo During the Mexican Revolution
University of Texas at El Paso DigitalCommons@UTEP Open Access Theses & Dissertations 2012-01-01 Porfirismo during the Mexican Revolution: Exile and the Politics of Representation, 1910-1920 Nancy Alexandra Aguirre University of Texas at El Paso, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/open_etd Part of the History Commons, Latin American Languages and Societies Commons, and the Latin American Studies Commons Recommended Citation Aguirre, Nancy Alexandra, "Porfirismo during the Mexican Revolution: Exile and the Politics of Representation, 1910-1920" (2012). Open Access Theses & Dissertations. 1773. https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/open_etd/1773 This is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UTEP. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UTEP. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PORFIRISMO DURING THE MEXICAN REVOLUTION: EXILE AND THE POLITICS OF REPRESENTATION, 1910-1920 NANCY ALEXANDRA AGUIRRE Department of History APPROVED: Samuel Brunk, Ph.D., Chair Cheryl E. Martin, Ph.D. Sandra McGee Deutsch, Ph.D. Frank G. Pérez, Ph.D. Benjamin C. Flores, Ph.D. Dean of the Graduate School Copyright © by Nancy Alexandra Aguirre 2012 PORFIRISMO DURING THE MEXICAN REVOLUTION: EXILE AND THE POLITICS OF REPRESENTATION, 1910-1920 by NANCY ALEXANDRA AGUIRRE, B.A., M.A. DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at El Paso in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of History THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL PASO December 2012 Acknowledgements Writing this dissertation has been a dream of mine since I found my passion for history as a seventh-grade Texas History student. -
Download CV (PDF)
CURRICULUM VITAE JUAN CARLOS GRIJALVA CHAIR , DEPARTMENT OF MODERN AND CLASSICAL LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES (S INCE 2019) ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF SPANISH ASSUMPTION COLLEGE Web-site: https://assumption.academia.edu/JuanGrijalva EDUCATION • University of Pittsburgh, 2004. Ph.D. in Latin American Literature. • University of Pittsburgh, Center for Latin American Studies, 2002. Graduate Certificate. • Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, 1997. M.A. in Letras. Ecuador. • Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, 1994. Licenciatura [B.A] in Philosophy. • Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2000. Visiting Fellow. PROFESSIONAL CAREER REGULAR POSITIONS • Associate Professor of Spanish, Department of Modern and Classical Languages and Cultures. Assumption College, 2010-present. • Assistant Professor of Spanish, Department of Modern and Classical Languages and Cultures, Assumption College, 2004-2010. • Instructor of Spanish, Department of Modern Languages. DePauw University, 2002-2004. VISITING POSITIONS • Visiting Professor, Department of Spanish and Portuguese, University of Massachusetts- Amherst, Spring 2016 ( taught one graduate seminar course). • Visiting Professor, Program of Latin American Studies, Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Ecuador, Summer years 2007, 2002 and 2000 (taught intensive graduate seminars). HONORARY POSITIONS • Associate Faculty. D´Accueil 369 and Centre d´études équatoriennes-CRIIA, University of Paris Ouest Nanterre – La Defense, France, 2012-present. • Associate Faculty. University Center for Latin American Studies, -
What Lies Ahead?
POINT OF VIEW MEXICO: WHAT LIES AHEAD? An interview with the press on the elections For Mexico, this is an election year without precedent. The opposition parties, more belligerent than ever, intend to make their voices heard in the July elections, although they still appear to lack the support needed to win the presidency. Voices spoke with three political columnists who represent a broad cross section of Mexico's press on the election year and its implications in an interview by our reporter, Jorge Luis Sierra. The presidential succession is perhaps the most intense and crucial moment in Mexico's political history. The electoral conflict engulfs all of Mexico's political organizations with each attempting to define the nature of the next administration. Despite the highly antagonistic relations between different sectors, all political forces are committed to the electoral process. No organization promotes abstentionism. The Mexican press is no less committed to the succession process. The campaings ot the six presidential candidates are receiving tront page coverage in almost all of the newspapers in Mexico. The role of the press is all the more important when, as is the case this year, the public is faced with candidates espousing a wide variety of ideologies and political programs. The columnist interviewed in this issue of Voices of Mexico all pertain to the best tradition of the written press in Mexico. Analysts of power and critics of its excesses, the three columnists have exercised a journalistic freedom conquered over the years. Their columns, in the dailies Excélsior and La Jornada, and in the weekly magazine Proceso and Siempre have a wide impact on public opinion and contribute to an understanding of the enormous complexity which characterizes Mexican politics. -
Contested Cornerstones of Nonviolent National Self- Perception in Costa Rica: a Historical Approach
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Huhn, Sebastian Working Paper Contested Cornerstones of Nonviolent National Self- Perception in Costa Rica: A Historical Approach GIGA Working Papers, No. 101 Provided in Cooperation with: GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies Suggested Citation: Huhn, Sebastian (2009) : Contested Cornerstones of Nonviolent National Self-Perception in Costa Rica: A Historical Approach, GIGA Working Papers, No. 101, German Institute of Global and Area Studies (GIGA), Hamburg This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/47785 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in