How Folk Classification Interacts with Ethnoecological Knowledge: a Case Study from Chiapas, Mexico Aaron M
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Barking up the Same Tree: a Comparison of Ethnomedicine and Canine Ethnoveterinary Medicine Among the Aguaruna Kevin a Jernigan
Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine BioMed Central Research Open Access Barking up the same tree: a comparison of ethnomedicine and canine ethnoveterinary medicine among the Aguaruna Kevin A Jernigan Address: COPIAAN (Comité de Productores Indígenas Awajún de Alto Nieva), Bajo Cachiaco, Peru Email: Kevin A Jernigan - [email protected] Published: 10 November 2009 Received: 9 July 2009 Accepted: 10 November 2009 Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2009, 5:33 doi:10.1186/1746-4269-5-33 This article is available from: http://www.ethnobiomed.com/content/5/1/33 © 2009 Jernigan; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: This work focuses on plant-based preparations that the Aguaruna Jivaro of Peru give to hunting dogs. Many plants are considered to improve dogs' sense of smell or stimulate them to hunt better, while others treat common illnesses that prevent dogs from hunting. This work places canine ethnoveterinary medicine within the larger context of Aguaruna ethnomedicine, by testing the following hypotheses: H1 -- Plants that the Aguaruna use to treat dogs will be the same plants that they use to treat people and H2 -- Plants that are used to treat both people and dogs will be used for the same illnesses in both cases. Methods: Structured interviews with nine key informants were carried out in 2007, in Aguaruna communities in the Peruvian department of Amazonas. -
A Comparative Study of Ethnobotanical Taxonomies: Swahili and Digo
A Comparative Study of Ethnobotanical Taxonomies: Swahili and Digo Steve Nicolle This paper explores how members of two East African language groups, with similar languages and cultures, classify the plant world. Differences primarily concern which parameters (e.g., size, uses, and longevity) determine how plant species are categorized. I show how linguistically similar classifications can obscure significant differences in folk botanical taxonomies. Introduction The early classic studies from which the present paper has developed began with the seminal ethnoscience work of the cognitive anthropologists Harold Conklin (1954, 1962), Charles Frake (1969), and Ward Goodenough (1957). Later influential ethnobiological taxonomic studies were done by Cecil Brown (1977, 1979), Terence Hays (1976), and especially by Brent Berlin and his co-authors (e.g., Berlin, Breedlove and Raven 1968, 1969, 1973, etc.) and peaking with Berlin's magnum opus (1992). Early methodologies for eliciting ethnobotanical folk taxonomies, now used as a standard, are found in Black (1969) and in Werner and Fenton's "card sorting" (1973); both methods were used in the present study. Later critics refined the endeavor of folk botanical classification as they encountered problems in "intra-cultural variability" among neighbors in the same speech community (e.g., Gal 1973, Pelto and Pelto 1975, Gardner 1976, Headland 1981, 1983, and several other papers in a special 1975 issue of American Ethnologist vol. 2, no. 1, titled "Intra-cultural Variability"). The present author found some of these problems of disagreements between informants as well. This brief study looks at the way plants are classified by speakers of two Northeast Coast Bantu languages, Swahili and Digo. -
Namechange Latinamericanca
University Council Athens, Georgia 30602 December 1, 2005 UN [VERSITY CURRICULUM COMMITTEE - 2005-2006 Dr. William Vencill, Chaii- Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Dr. Amy B. Batal Arts and Sciences - Dr. Noel Fallows (Arts) Dr. lrwin S. Bel~istein(Sciences) Business - Dr. Stephen P. Baginslci Education - Dr. Elizabeth A. St. Pielre Envil-onnient and Design - Mr. Scott S. Weinlxrg Faniily and Cons~~nierSciences - Dr. Jan M. Hatlicote Foi-est Resources - Dr. David H. Newman Journalisn~and Mass Comm~mication- Dr. C. Ann Hollifield Law -Mr. David E. Shipley Pharmacy - Dr. Keith N. Herist Public and I~~ternatioiialAffairs - Dr. A~noldP. Fleischmann Public Health - Dr. Stuart Feldman Social Worlc - Dr. Patricia M. Reeves Veterinary Medicine - Dr. Scott A. Brown Graduate School - Dr. Richard E. Siegesmuiid Undei-graduate Student Representative - Ms. Amanila Sundal Grad~~ateStndent Representative - Mr. Todd Hawley Dear Collea,wes: The attached proposal from the Center for Latin A~nericanand Caribbean St~tdiesw~ll be all agentla item for the December 9, 2005, Full University Curriculuni Colnlnittee meetlng Proposal to Change the Center for Latin American and Caribbean Studies to a Latin Anicl-ican and Caribbean Studies Instit~~te Sincerely, Dr, William K. Vencill, Chair Unive~-sityCurriculum Committee cc: Dr. Arnett C. Mace, Jr Dl-. Delmer D. Dunu Executive Committee, Committee on Facilities, Committee on Intercollegiate Athletics, Committee on Statutes, Bylaws, and Committees, Committee on Student Affairs, Curriculum Committee, Educational -
An Ethnobotanical Anomaly: the Dearth of Binomial Specifics in a Folk Taxonomy of a Negrito Hunter-Gatherer Society in the Philippines
]. Ethnobiol. 3(2):109-120 December 1983 AN ETHNOBOTANICAL ANOMALY: THE DEARTH OF BINOMIAL SPECIFICS IN A FOLK TAXONOMY OF A NEGRITO HUNTER-GATHERER SOCIETY IN THE PHILIPPINES THOMAS N. HEADLAND Summer Institute of Linguistics Box 2270, Manila, Philippines ABSTRACT.-The Agta are a Negrito hunter-gatherer group in the Philippines. After a brief description of their culture, language, natural environment, and folk plant taxonomy, a comparison is made between that taxonomy and the universal model proposed by Brent Berlin. While the Agta data substantiate the Berlin model in most aspects, there is one salient area of conflict. The model proposes that specific biological taxa in any language are composed of binomials. It is argued here that the Agta case is an anomaly, in that their specific plant taxa are monomials. Four hypotheses are proposed as possible explanations for this anomaly. INTRODUCTION Certain cognitive anthropologists, particularly Brent Berlin and his associates, argue that in any ethnobiological taxonomy the specific taxa (those found at the third level of a taxonomy) are almost always binomial "secondary" lexemes.1 The suggestion is that this "binomiality principle" (Berlin 1978:20) may be a human universaL Most of the evidence published to date substantiates this hypothesis. Data gathered by the present author and his wife in the 1970s, however, provide a startling exception to the hypothesis. An analysis of an ethnobotanical taxonomy of the Agta Negritos found that of the sample of 143 specific taxa elicited from Agta infor mants, only five were binomials, and none of these were secondary lexemes. Further more, to the author's knowledge, no secondary biological lexemes were found to occur in the Agta language, except for the two varietal taxa mentioned in Note 3. -
Ethnobotany List 121
bookfever.com list 121 ETHNOBOTANY We are pleased to present our first list dedicated to books in the general area of Ethnobotany. The study of useful plants is an ancient discipline, but the term ethnobotany to indicate a sepa- rate and distinct branch of the natural sciences did not come into use until 1895. It is, by defini- tion, interdisciplinary, drawing from botany, medicine, anthropology, religion, religion, history, pharmacology, phytochemistry and conservation and the books we offer reflect this wide range of disciplines. Although simply listed alphabetically by author, there are many books related to the use of plants in Africa, Hawaii and the Pacific, Asia and the Americas, and others describing the use of psychoactive plants in ancient religions and modern times. Brief terms: Please call or email to hold. Prices include media mail shipping in the USA. Other countries incremental cost. Payment may be by credit card, Paypal or check. Institutions may request an invoice. 1. Adler, Leonore Loeb and B. Runi Mukherji, editors. SPIRIT VERSUS SCALPEL: Traditional Healing and Modern Psychotherapy. Westport, CT & London: Bergin & Garvey, (1995) First printing. "Unique presentation of traditional and modern healing and mental health practices." Fore- words by Albert Pepitone and Uwe P. Gielen, introduction by the editors. Contains 15 papers, including J. Beatty "Cultural Perceptions of Life & Death"; D.A.Louw & E. Pretorius "The Traditional Healer in a Multicultural Society: The South African Experience"; E. Golomb "Oracles in Ladakh: A Personal Experience"; N.R. Mrinal, et al: "Traditional Healing in India"; S.S. de Silva & W.J. Epps "A Study of Curative Options Available in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka"; A. -
Intercultural Competence and Skills in the Biology Teachers Training from the Research Procedure of Ethnobiology
Science Education International 30(4), 310-318 https://doi.org/10.33828/sei.v30.i4.8 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Intercultural Competence and Skills in the Biology Teachers Training from the Research Procedure of Ethnobiology Geilsa Costa Santos Baptista*, Geane Machado Araujo 1Department of Education, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana City, Bahia State, Brazil, 2Department of Biology, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana City, Bahia State, Brazil *Corresponding Author: [email protected] ABSTRACT We present and discuss the results of qualitative research based on a case study with biology undergraduate students from a public University of Bahia state, Brazil. The objective was to identify the influence of practical experiences involving ethnobiology applied to science teaching on intercultural dialogue into their initial training. To collect data, undergraduate students were asked to construct narratives revealing the influences of ethnobiology into their training as future teachers. Data were analyzed according to Bardin (1977) and supported by specific literature from the fields of science education and teaching. The thematic categories generated lead us to conclude that the undergraduates of biology teaching made reflections that allowed them to build opinions with meanings that should influence their pedagogical practices with intercultural dialogue. We recommend further studies involving ethnobiology and the training of biology teachers, with a larger sample of participants and the methodological and theoretical procedures of this science. Improvements could be made in biology teacher education curricula that encourage respect and consideration of cultural diversity. We highlight that it is imperative for teacher education courses to generate opportunities for on-site practical experience, in addition to the theory used in the classroom. -
Intro Matter
Journal of Ecological Anthropology Volume 5 Article 2 Issue 1 Volume 5, Issue 1 (2001) 1-1-2001 Intro Matter Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/jea Recommended Citation . "Intro Matter." Journal of Ecological Anthropology 5, no. 1 (2001): 1-4. Available at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/jea/vol5/iss1/2 This Front Matter is brought to you for free and open access by the Anthropology at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Ecological Anthropology by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Journal of Ecological Anthropology VOLUME 5, 2001 SPECIAL ISSUE 2 Journal of Ecological Anthropology Vol. 5 2001 Editor’s Note This year’s special issue of the Journal of Ecological Anthropology is devoted to an exploratory essay on developing theoretical methodology in the study of human ecosystems. Its authors are aware of the fantastic hubris implied by this attempt. Luckily, such an ambitious project is necessarily a group effort and many have been involved from its inception. We now solicit our reader’s participation in the effort to develop methodology in ecological anthropology. A coherent theory of human ecosys- tems will only emerge out of public communication of ideas, creative contributions and critical exchange. This journal was created as a forum for advancing theory and practice in ecological anthro- pology by both conventional and unconventional means. We ask our readers to participate by communicating comments, critique and contributing ideas you may have for the essay “Method for Theory: A Prelude to Human Ecosystems.” Letters, emails, cartoons or graphic models will be published as Letters to the Editor in upcoming volumes of the JEA. -
Ü Ethnomycology and Ethnobotany (South Central Tibet)
Geo-Eco-Trop, 2012, 36: 185-199 Ü Ethnomycology and Ethnobotany (South Central Tibet). Diversity, with emphasis on two underrated targets: plants used for dyeing and incense. Ethnomycologie et ethnobotanique des Ü (Tibet centro-méridional). Diversité, y compris deux thèmes méconnus: plantes tinctoriales et encens. François MALAISSE1, William CLAUS2, Pelma DROLKAR3, Rinchen LOPSANG3, Lakpa WANGDU3 & Françoise MATHIEU4 Résumé: Ethnomycologie et ethnobotanique des Ü (Tibet centro-méridional).- Diversité, y compris deux thèmes méconnus: plantes tinctoriales et encens. Dans le cadre d’un programme consacré à la prévention et la recherche sur la maladie des Gros Os et mis en œuvre par la Kashin-Beck Disease Fund en Région Autonome du Tibet (R.P. Chine), une étude écologique a été développée dans la partie centro-méridionale au cours de 8 séjours de 2 à 3 semaines (1998- 2007). Elle a permis de dégager, puis de renforcer l’intérêt d’une approche agro-environnementale dans la compréhension et la prévention de cette maladie. Parallèlement, la connaissance ethnomycologique et ethnobotanique des Ü-Tsang de ce territoire a été recensée. Au-delà de la connaissance bien documentée des plantes médicinales et de l’ethnopharmacologie, connaissance qui sera très brièvement rappelée, l’étude a abordé des thèmes méconnus, tels que la reconnaissance des unités de végétation, la diversité des nourritures alternatives (champignons, herbes potagères, épices, plantes aromatiques, condiments, organes souterrains, fleurs et fruits charnus consommés), l’utilisation des plantes en phytotechnie et pour le bien-être domestique. Une attention particulière a été consacrée aux plantes tinctoriales et à celles utilisées pour l’encens. Enfin, les menaces pesant sur cette biodiversité sont dégagées et des suggestions pour une meilleure gestion sont énoncées. -
Eugene S. Hunn Bibliography Anthropology Books and Museum
1 Eugene S. Hunn Bibliography Anthropology Books and Museum Catalogs Hunn, Eugene S. 1977. Tzeltal Folk Zoology: The Classification of Discontinuities in Nature. Academic Press, New York. Hunn, Eugene, with Constance Baltuck. 1981. A Photocopy Collection of Native Plants of Washington, 1981. Seattle: Thomas Burke Memorial Washington State Museum. Hunn, Eugene S. 1982. Birding in Seattle and King County. Seattle Audubon Society, Seattle, Washington. Williams, Nancy M., and Eugene S. Hunn, eds. 1982. Resource Managers: North American and Australian Hunter-Gatherers. American Association for the Advancement of Science Selected Symposia Series. Westview Press. Boulder, Colorado. Paperback edition published by the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, Canberra, Australia, 1986. Hunn, Eugene S. 1990. Nch'i-Wana, “The Big River”: Mid-Columbia Indians and Their Land. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington. Paperback edition, 1991. Governor's Writers Award, 1992. Second printing, 1995. Hunn, Eugene S., Darryll R. Johnson, Priscilla N. Russell, and Thomas F. Thornton. 2004. The Huna Tlingit People’s Traditional Use of gull Eggs and the Establishment of Glacier Bay National Park. Technical Report NPS D-121. Seattle, WA: National Park Service. Hunn, Eugene S. 2008. A Zapotec Natural History: Trees, Herbs, and Flowers, Birds, Beasts, and Bugs in the Life of San Juan Gbëë, with CD Rom. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. Association of American Publishers Prose Award for excellence in Archaeology & Anthropology, 2008. Johnson, Leslie Main, and Eugene S. Hunn, eds. 2010. Landscape Ethnoecology: Concepts of Biotic and Physical Space. Volume 14, Studies in Environmental Anthropology and Ethnobiology. New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books. E. N. Anderson, Deborah M. -
From Ethical Codes to Ethics As Praxis: an Invitation
Perspectives Special Issue on Ethics in Ethnobiology From Ethical Codes to Ethics as Praxis: An Invitation Kelly Bannister1* 1POLIS Project on Ecological Governance, Centre for Global Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada. *[email protected] Abstract Ethical guidance for research involving Indigenous and traditional communities, cultural knowledge, and associated biological resources has evolved significantly over recent decades. Formal guidance for ethnobiological research has been thoughtfully articulated and codified in many helpful ways, including but by no means limited to the Code of Ethics of the International Society of Ethnobiology. We have witnessed a successful and necessary era of “research ethics codification” with ethical awareness raised, fora established for debate and policy development, and new tools evolving to assist us in treating one another as we agree we ought to within the research endeavor. Yet most of us still struggle with ethical dilemmas, conflicts, and differences that arise as part of the inevitable uncertainties and lived realities of our cross- cultural work. Is it time to ask what more (or what else) might we do, to lift the words on a page that describe how we should conduct ourselves, to connecting with the relational intention of those ethical principles and practices in concrete, meaningful ways? How might we discover ethics as relationship and practice while we necessarily aspire to follow adopted ethical codes as prescription? This paper brings together Willie Ermine’s concept of “ethical space” and Darrell Posey’s recognition of the spiritual values of biodiversity with a unique selection of insights from other fields of practice, such as intercultural communication, conflict resolution and martial arts, to invite a new conceptualization of research ethics in ethnobiology as ethical praxis. -
Nature and Society: Anthropological Perspectives
Nature and Society Nature and Society looks critically at the nature/society dichotomy—one of the central dogmas of western scholarship— and its place in human ecology and social theory. Rethinking the dualism means rethinking ecological anthropology and its notion of the relation between person and environment. The deeply entrenched biological and anthropological traditions which insist upon separating the two are challenged on both empirical and theoretical grounds. By focusing on a variety of perspectives, the contributors draw upon developments in social theory, biology, ethnobiology and sociology of science. They present an array of ethnographic case studies—from Amazonia, the Solomon Islands, Malaysia, the Moluccan Islands, rural communities in Japan and north-west Europe, urban Greece and laboratories of molecular biology and high-energy physics. The key focus of Nature and Society is the issue of the environment and its relations to humans. By inviting concern for sustainability, ethics, indigenous knowledge and the social context of science, this book will appeal to students of anthropology, human ecology and sociology. Philippe Descola is Directeur d’Etudes, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris, and member of the Laboratoire d’Anthropologie Sociale at the Collège de France. Gísli Pálsson is Professor of Anthropology at the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, and (formerly) Research Fellow at the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden. European Association of Social Anthropologists The European Association of Social Anthropologists (EASA) was inaugurated in January 1989, in response to a widely felt need for a professional association which would represent social anthropologists in Europe and foster co-operation and interchange in teaching and research. -
A Study of Ethnobotanical Plants in India
© 2018 JETIR August 2018, Volume 5, Issue 8 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) A Study of Ethnobotanical plants in India Sudesh Pal Singh1, Dr. Purnima Shrivastava2 1 Research Scholar, Deptt. Of Botany, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India 2Associate Professors, Deptt. Of Botany, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India Abstract— Ethnobotany is the investigation of a district's relocate, and this produces new or changed ethnobotanical plants and their handy uses through the customary information. information of a neighborhood culture and individuals. An Ethnobotany is an integrative, multi-disciplinary field of ethnobotanist accordingly endeavors to record the nearby learning. So the devices of ethnobotanical examinations are traditions including the viable employments of many: natural science, mycology (the investigation of neighborhood vegetation for some parts of life, for example, parasites), scientific categorization (methods for arranging), plants as prescriptions, nourishments, and apparel. Richard human studies, ethnography, paleohistory, relative old Evans Schultes, regularly alluded to as the "father of stories, religious investigations, medication, science, ethnobotany", clarified the teach along these lines: pharmacology (uses and impacts of synthetics in plants), Ethnobotany essentially implies exploring plants utilized by and that's only the tip of the iceberg. A portion of the crude social orders in different parts of the world. Since the psychoactive species and their legend convey us profound season of Schultes, the field of ethnobotany has developed into domains of custom, folklore and cosmology. Some of from essentially gaining ethnobotanical learning to that of the time, in ethnobotanical request, we call upon old history, applying it to a cutting edge society, fundamentally as or pioneer financial accounts, or even analyze the pharmaceuticals.