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Design a Database of Italian Vascular Alimurgic Flora (Alimurgita): Preliminary Results
plants Article Design a Database of Italian Vascular Alimurgic Flora (AlimurgITA): Preliminary Results Bruno Paura 1,*, Piera Di Marzio 2 , Giovanni Salerno 3, Elisabetta Brugiapaglia 1 and Annarita Bufano 1 1 Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; [email protected] (E.B.); [email protected] (A.B.) 2 Department of Bioscience and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy; [email protected] 3 Graduate Department of Environmental Biology, University “La Sapienza”, 00100 Roma, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Despite the large number of data published in Italy on WEPs, there is no database providing a complete knowledge framework. Hence the need to design a database of the Italian alimurgic flora: AlimurgITA. Only strictly alimurgic taxa were chosen, excluding casual alien and cultivated ones. The collected data come from an archive of 358 texts (books and scientific articles) from 1918 to date, chosen with appropriate criteria. For each taxon, the part of the plant used, the method of use, the chorotype, the biological form and the regional distribution in Italy were considered. The 1103 taxa of edible flora already entered in the database equal 13.09% of Italian flora. The most widespread family is that of the Asteraceae (20.22%); the most widely used taxa are Cichorium intybus and Borago officinalis. The not homogeneous regional distribution of WEPs (maximum in the south and minimum in the north) has been interpreted. Texts published reached its peak during the 2001–2010 decade. A database for Italian WEPs is important to have a synthesis and to represent the richness and Citation: Paura, B.; Di Marzio, P.; complexity of this knowledge, also in light of its potential for cultural enhancement, as well as its Salerno, G.; Brugiapaglia, E.; Bufano, applications for the agri-food system. -
DOCUMENT RESUME RC 021 689 AUTHOR Many Nations
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 424 046 RC 021 689 AUTHOR Frazier, Patrick, Ed. TITLE Many Nations: A Library of Congress Resource Guide for the Study of Indian and Alaska Native Peoples of the United States. INSTITUTION Library of Congress, Washington, DC. ISBN ISBN-0-8444-0904-9 PUB DATE 1996-00-00 NOTE 357p.; Photographs and illustrations may not reproduce adequately. AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. PUB TYPE Books (010) Guides Non-Classroom (055) -- Reference Materials Directories/Catalogs (132) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC15 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Alaska Natives; American Indian Culture; *American Indian History; American Indian Languages; *American Indian Studies; *American Indians; Annotated Bibliographies; Federal Indian Relationship; *Library Collections; *Resource Materials; Tribes; United States History IDENTIFIERS *Library of Congress ABSTRACT The Library of Congress has a wealth of information on North American Indian people but does not have a separate collection or section devoted to them. The nature of the Librarv's broad subject divisions, variety of formats, and methods of acquisition have dispersed relevant material among a number of divisions. This guide aims to help the researcher to encounter Indian people through the Library's collections and to enhance the Library staff's own ability to assist with that encounter. The guide is arranged by collections or divisions within the Library and focuses on American Indian and Alaska Native peoples within the United States. Each -
How Folk Classification Interacts with Ethnoecological Knowledge: a Case Study from Chiapas, Mexico Aaron M
Journal of Ecological Anthropology Volume 14 Article 3 Issue 1 Volume 14, Issue 1 (2010) 2010 How Folk Classification Interacts with Ethnoecological Knowledge: A Case Study from Chiapas, Mexico Aaron M. Lampman Washington College Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/jea Recommended Citation Lampman, Aaron M.. "How Folk Classification Interacts with Ethnoecological Knowledge: A Case Study from Chiapas, Mexico." Journal of Ecological Anthropology 14, no. 1 (2010): 39-51. Available at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/jea/vol14/iss1/3 This Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Anthropology at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Ecological Anthropology by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Lampman / Tzeltal Ethnoecology How Folk Classification Interacts with Ethnoecological Knowledge: A Case Study from Chiapas, Mexico Aaron M. Lampman ABSTRACT Folk taxonomies play a role in expanding or contracting the larger domain of ethnoecological knowledge that influences when and how cultural groups use living things. This paper demonstrates that ethnomycological clas- sification is limited by utilitarian concerns and examines how Tzeltal Maya ethnoecological knowledge, although detailed and sophisticated, is heavily influenced by the structure of the folk classification system. Data were col- lected through 12 months of semi-structured and structured interviews, including freelists (n=100), mushroom collection with collaborators (n=5), open-ended interviewing (n=50), structured responses to photos (n=30), structured responses to mushroom specimens (n=15), and sentence frame substitutions (n=20). These interviews were focused on Tzeltal perceptions of mushroom ecology. -
Ethnobotany of Natural Products - D
PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOGNOSY – Ethnobotany of Natural Products - D. D. Soejarto, C. Gyllenhaal, M. C. Riley and H. Zhang ETHNOBOTANY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS D. D. Soejarto, C. Gyllenhaal, M. C. Riley and H. Zhang Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A. Keywords: Ethnobotany, natural products, medicinal plants, plant-derived drugs, economically useful plants, ethnobotanical field collection method, bioprospecting, intellectual property rights, benefit-sharing Contents 1. Introduction 2. History of Ethnobotany 2.1. Western Sources (Written Tradition) 2.2. Non-Western Sources (Written Tradition) 2.3. Oral Tradition 3. Age of Discovery 4. Modern Ethnobotany 4.1. Early Ethnobotanical Studies – Intersection with Cultural Anthropology 4.2. Expanded Fieldwork 4.3. Role of Anthropology 4.4. Ethnobotany and the Discovery of New Medicines 4.5. The Continuing Search: Contemporary Ethnobotanical Field Methods 4.5.1. Field Interviews 4.5.2. Prior Informed Consent 4.5.3. Documentation 4.5.4. Data Elements in Medicinal Plant Interview 4.5.5. Academic Research and Bioprospecting 4.5.6. Grass Roots Community Oriented Research 5. Contributions of Ethnobotany to Modern Medicine 5.1. Drug Discovery since the CBD 5.2. Urban Ethnobotany and Modern Medicine 6. Challenges Facing Ethnobotany-Guided Natural Product Drug Discovery 6.1. Commercial Valuation of Economic and Medicinal Plants 6.2. IntellectualUNESCO Property Rights and Trad –itional EOLSS Botanical Knowledge Systems 6.3 Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit Sharing 6.4. Research andSAMPLE Funding for Ethnobotany CHAPTERS 6.5. -
Intercultural Competence and Skills in the Biology Teachers Training from the Research Procedure of Ethnobiology
Science Education International 30(4), 310-318 https://doi.org/10.33828/sei.v30.i4.8 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Intercultural Competence and Skills in the Biology Teachers Training from the Research Procedure of Ethnobiology Geilsa Costa Santos Baptista*, Geane Machado Araujo 1Department of Education, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana City, Bahia State, Brazil, 2Department of Biology, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana City, Bahia State, Brazil *Corresponding Author: [email protected] ABSTRACT We present and discuss the results of qualitative research based on a case study with biology undergraduate students from a public University of Bahia state, Brazil. The objective was to identify the influence of practical experiences involving ethnobiology applied to science teaching on intercultural dialogue into their initial training. To collect data, undergraduate students were asked to construct narratives revealing the influences of ethnobiology into their training as future teachers. Data were analyzed according to Bardin (1977) and supported by specific literature from the fields of science education and teaching. The thematic categories generated lead us to conclude that the undergraduates of biology teaching made reflections that allowed them to build opinions with meanings that should influence their pedagogical practices with intercultural dialogue. We recommend further studies involving ethnobiology and the training of biology teachers, with a larger sample of participants and the methodological and theoretical procedures of this science. Improvements could be made in biology teacher education curricula that encourage respect and consideration of cultural diversity. We highlight that it is imperative for teacher education courses to generate opportunities for on-site practical experience, in addition to the theory used in the classroom. -
Ü Ethnomycology and Ethnobotany (South Central Tibet)
Geo-Eco-Trop, 2012, 36: 185-199 Ü Ethnomycology and Ethnobotany (South Central Tibet). Diversity, with emphasis on two underrated targets: plants used for dyeing and incense. Ethnomycologie et ethnobotanique des Ü (Tibet centro-méridional). Diversité, y compris deux thèmes méconnus: plantes tinctoriales et encens. François MALAISSE1, William CLAUS2, Pelma DROLKAR3, Rinchen LOPSANG3, Lakpa WANGDU3 & Françoise MATHIEU4 Résumé: Ethnomycologie et ethnobotanique des Ü (Tibet centro-méridional).- Diversité, y compris deux thèmes méconnus: plantes tinctoriales et encens. Dans le cadre d’un programme consacré à la prévention et la recherche sur la maladie des Gros Os et mis en œuvre par la Kashin-Beck Disease Fund en Région Autonome du Tibet (R.P. Chine), une étude écologique a été développée dans la partie centro-méridionale au cours de 8 séjours de 2 à 3 semaines (1998- 2007). Elle a permis de dégager, puis de renforcer l’intérêt d’une approche agro-environnementale dans la compréhension et la prévention de cette maladie. Parallèlement, la connaissance ethnomycologique et ethnobotanique des Ü-Tsang de ce territoire a été recensée. Au-delà de la connaissance bien documentée des plantes médicinales et de l’ethnopharmacologie, connaissance qui sera très brièvement rappelée, l’étude a abordé des thèmes méconnus, tels que la reconnaissance des unités de végétation, la diversité des nourritures alternatives (champignons, herbes potagères, épices, plantes aromatiques, condiments, organes souterrains, fleurs et fruits charnus consommés), l’utilisation des plantes en phytotechnie et pour le bien-être domestique. Une attention particulière a été consacrée aux plantes tinctoriales et à celles utilisées pour l’encens. Enfin, les menaces pesant sur cette biodiversité sont dégagées et des suggestions pour une meilleure gestion sont énoncées. -
Carleton Campus Ethnobotany in the Carleton College Cowling Arboretum
Carleton Campus Ethnobotany in the Carleton College Cowling Arboretum The following descriptions represent the culmination of our efforts to dig deep into the dense web of human connections sur- rounding the Cowling Arboretum. The Arboretum was first estab- lished in the 1920s under President Cowling and with the help of groundskeeper D. Blake Stewart (“Stewsie”) and botany professor Dr. Harvey Stork, and since then has taken a long and winding road to its current form. Throughout its history it has served as a diverse resource for students, faculty, and the local community; it is much more than an ecological restoration, as many will attest to. Stork’s original vision for a tree museum has evolved to em- For more information, access the Carleton Arbore- brace three key Arboretum goals: Conservation, Education, and tum’s website at apps.carleton.edu/campus/arb. Recreation. The Arb has become a vital part of Carleton with its diverse student body dedicated to fields of study ranging from biol- ogy to archeology to music, and personal pursuits ranging from cross-country skiing to holistic medicine to sculpture. It is only fitting that these 800 acres of land should become layered with such a rich range of memories, creative uses, discoveries, artistic endeavors, and understandings, and that the Arb should become so integrated into the life and culture of Carleton. Through a series of on-campus interviews, we have begun to catalogue the myriad connections students and faculty have made to specific plants within the Arboretum, some obvious and some surprising. Our findings contribute to an appreciation of the Arb as a whole, as well as to each individual species in this list. -
Vascular Plants and a Brief History of the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands
United States Department of Agriculture Vascular Plants and a Brief Forest Service Rocky Mountain History of the Kiowa and Rita Research Station General Technical Report Blanca National Grasslands RMRS-GTR-233 December 2009 Donald L. Hazlett, Michael H. Schiebout, and Paulette L. Ford Hazlett, Donald L.; Schiebout, Michael H.; and Ford, Paulette L. 2009. Vascular plants and a brief history of the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS- GTR-233. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 44 p. Abstract Administered by the USDA Forest Service, the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands occupy 230,000 acres of public land extending from northeastern New Mexico into the panhandles of Oklahoma and Texas. A mosaic of topographic features including canyons, plateaus, rolling grasslands and outcrops supports a diverse flora. Eight hundred twenty six (826) species of vascular plant species representing 81 plant families are known to occur on or near these public lands. This report includes a history of the area; ethnobotanical information; an introductory overview of the area including its climate, geology, vegetation, habitats, fauna, and ecological history; and a plant survey and information about the rare, poisonous, and exotic species from the area. A vascular plant checklist of 816 vascular plant taxa in the appendix includes scientific and common names, habitat types, and general distribution data for each species. This list is based on extensive plant collections and available herbarium collections. Authors Donald L. Hazlett is an ethnobotanist, Director of New World Plants and People consulting, and a research associate at the Denver Botanic Gardens, Denver, CO. -
Guideposts in Ethnobotany
T. Ethnobiol. 6(1):27-43 Summer 1986 GUIDEPOSTS IN ETHNOBOTANY VORSILA L. BOHRER Southwest Ethnobotanical Enterprises 220 New Mexico Drive Portales, NM 88130 ABSTRACT.-A review of the history of a natural system of maize classification is provided. Detours in the archaeological analysis of maize abound. Tests suggest the extrapolation of cob row number from kernel angles lacks predictive value. Flotation analysis is forging ahead. Current trends in regional studies might be better integrated with anthropological model construction or destruction. Charcoal identification merits improvement through use of metallurgical microscopes coupled with more rigorous use of plant anatomy. Analysis of leaf epidermal fragments in coprolites broadens the range of information recovered. The biotic factor, including the anthropogenic one, needs to be considered as seriously as climate and soil in the formation of prehistoric and modem plant assemblages. Ethnobotanical interpretation of prehistoric plant remains benefits by insights into the kaleidescopic patterns formed by modem and historic interrelationships between plants and man. It is never too late for contemporary studies. Museums rather than colleges or universities continue to provide workspace for ethnobotanists. Sugges tions are given in regard to academic education in ethnobotany and exemplary books and reports in the field. INTRODUCTION GUIDEPOSTS IN ETHNOBOTANY Ethnobotany is flying high in the 1980s. The first issue of the [oumal of Ethnobiology was published in 1981; the first general session on ethnobotany at the annual meetings of the Society of American Archaeology was in 1983; and in May, 1985, after settling into my seat on Southwest Airlines Flight 192, I was pleased to notice that the cover story of their flight magazine featured the contemporary ethnobotanical work of Dr. -
A Study of Ethnobotanical Plants in India
© 2018 JETIR August 2018, Volume 5, Issue 8 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) A Study of Ethnobotanical plants in India Sudesh Pal Singh1, Dr. Purnima Shrivastava2 1 Research Scholar, Deptt. Of Botany, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India 2Associate Professors, Deptt. Of Botany, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India Abstract— Ethnobotany is the investigation of a district's relocate, and this produces new or changed ethnobotanical plants and their handy uses through the customary information. information of a neighborhood culture and individuals. An Ethnobotany is an integrative, multi-disciplinary field of ethnobotanist accordingly endeavors to record the nearby learning. So the devices of ethnobotanical examinations are traditions including the viable employments of many: natural science, mycology (the investigation of neighborhood vegetation for some parts of life, for example, parasites), scientific categorization (methods for arranging), plants as prescriptions, nourishments, and apparel. Richard human studies, ethnography, paleohistory, relative old Evans Schultes, regularly alluded to as the "father of stories, religious investigations, medication, science, ethnobotany", clarified the teach along these lines: pharmacology (uses and impacts of synthetics in plants), Ethnobotany essentially implies exploring plants utilized by and that's only the tip of the iceberg. A portion of the crude social orders in different parts of the world. Since the psychoactive species and their legend convey us profound season of Schultes, the field of ethnobotany has developed into domains of custom, folklore and cosmology. Some of from essentially gaining ethnobotanical learning to that of the time, in ethnobotanical request, we call upon old history, applying it to a cutting edge society, fundamentally as or pioneer financial accounts, or even analyze the pharmaceuticals. -
Ethnobotanical Studies in Western Gironès (Catalonia, Iberian Peninsula) Airy Gras1,2,3, Ginesta Serrasolses1, Joan Vallès1,3,4 and Teresa Garnatje2*
Gras et al. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2019) 15:19 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-019-0295-2 RESEARCH Open Access Traditional knowledge in semi-rural close to industrial areas: ethnobotanical studies in western Gironès (Catalonia, Iberian Peninsula) Airy Gras1,2,3, Ginesta Serrasolses1, Joan Vallès1,3,4 and Teresa Garnatje2* Abstract Background: The western Gironès is a district located in NE Catalonia (NE Iberian Peninsula). This area comprising 186.55 km2 and 10,659 inhabitants is composed of 5 municipalities encompassing 29 villages, located in the hydrographic basins of the Ter and Llémena rivers. Methods: Following the methodology based on the semi-structured interviews, we carried out 40 interviews with 57 informants, 31 were women and the remaining 26 were men, with an average age of 78.6 years. Results: In the present study, data from 316 taxa (301 angiosperms, 8 gymnosperms, and 7 pteridophytes) belonging to 89 botanical families were collected. The interviewed informants referred 3776 UR of 298 taxa, 1933 (51.19%) of them corresponding to the food category, 949 (25.13%) to the medicinal ones, and 894 (23.68%) to other uses. In addition, 581 vernacular names for 306 species, subspecies, and varieties have also been collected. Conclusions: These results reveal the validity of traditional knowledge in the studied area, which can be seriously threatened by the loss of its rural condition and its proximity to industrialized areas. Keywords: Ethnobotany, Ethnoflora, Gironès, Medicinal uses, Plant uses, Traditional knowledge Introduction For this reason, the research that was initially focused The Catalan-speaking territories constitute a cultural on non-industrialized areas [16–22] has now been ex- unity that has attracted the interest of researchers from panded in industrialized areas due to their rapid loss of various disciplines. -
Ethnobotany Lesson
An Ethnobotany Lesson: Plants and Trees used for Medicinal Purposes by Tribes of the Wabenaki Confederation As found on preserves owned by Royal River Conservation Trust, The Cumberland Chebeague Land Trust, and the Towns of Yarmouth and North Yarmouth Polly Haight Frawley, Maine Master Naturalist Class 2018-2019 Introduction: The Abenaki, Malecite (Maliseet), Micmac (Mi’kmaq), Passamaquoddy and Penobscot Tribes combined form the Wabenaki Confederacy. Their ancestral homelands are Newfoundland, Canada to the Merrimack River Valley in New Hampshire and Massachusetts. The Indigenous Peoples appreciated and respected the interconnectedness of all living things and used trees and plants for medicinal purposes. Many can be found on the trails managed by the Royal River Conservation Trust, the Land Trust, and the Towns of Yarmouth and North Yarmouth. The following is a list of some ethnobotanical trees and plants used by the tribes and trails on which they can be found; it is not a comprehensive list of specimens or trails. Disclaimer: Many of the sources relied upon in this document utilized information from the 17th and 18th centuries and in many cases details are incomplete. As a result readers should not try these remedies based upon the information provided. While tribe members continue to use some of these remedies they have an expertise in doing so. Definitions: Decoction: boiled to a concentrated essence Infusion: steeped in water Poultice: soft, moist mass of material Format: This document is formatted so it may be cut into 4 x 6 cards (use card stock for longer use) and be more readily useable in the field.