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Balkan Journal of Stomatology BALKAN JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY Official publication of the BALKAN STOMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY Volume 12 No 3 November 2008 ISSN 1107 - 1141 BALKAN JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY Official publication of the BALKAN STOMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY Volume 12 No 3 November 2008 ISSN 1107 - 1141 Y T E I C O S L BALKAN JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY A ISSN 1107 - 1141 IC G LO TO STOMA Editor-in-Chief Ljubomir TODOROVIĆ, DDS, MSc, PhD Faculty of Stomatology, University of Belgrade Clinic of Oral Surgery PO Box 506 Dr Subotića 4, 11000 Belgrade Serbia Editorial board ALBANIA ROMANIA Ruzhdie QAFMOLLA - Editor Address: Andrei ILIESCU - Editor Address: Emil KUVARATI Dental University Clinic Victor NAMIGEAN Faculty of Stomatology Besnik GAVAZI Tirana, Albania Cinel MALITA Calea Plevnei 19, sect. 1 70754 Bucuresti BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Address: Romania Maida GANIBEGOVIĆ Faculty of Dentistry SERBIA Naida HADŽIABDIĆ Bolnička 4a Dragan STAMENKOVIĆ - Editor Address: Mihael STANOJEVIĆ 71000 Sarajevo Zoran STAJČIĆ Faculty of Stomatology BIH Miloš TEODOSIJEVIĆ Dr Subotića 8 BULGARIA 11000 Beograd Nikolai POPOV - Editor Address: Serbia Nikola ATANASSOV Faculty of Stomatology TURKEY Nikolai SHARKOV G. Sofiiski str. 1 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria Ender KAZAZOGLU - Editor Address: Pinar KURSOGLU Yeditepe University FYROM Julijana GJORGOVA - Editor Address: Arzu CIVELEK Faculty of Dentistry Ana STAVREVSKA Faculty of Stomatology Bagdat Cad. No 238 Ljuben GUGUČEVSKI Vodnjanska 17, Skopje Göztepe 81006, Istanbul Republika Makedonija Turkey GREECE CYPRUS Anastasios MARKOPOULOS - Editor Address: George PANTELAS - Editor Address: Haralambos PETRIDIS Aristotle University Huseyn BIÇAK Gen. Hospital Nicosia Grigoris VENETIS Dental School Aikaterine KOSTEA No 10 Pallados St. Nicosia, Cyprus Thessaloniki, Greece Y T E I C O S BALKAN STOMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY L A IC G LO TO STOMA Council President: Prof. A. Iliescu Members: R. Qafmolla E. Hasapis P. Kongo Past President: Prof. N. Atanassov D. Bratu H. Sulejmanagić A. Creanga President Elect: Prof. M. Vulović S. Kostadinović D. Stamenković Vice President: Prof. P. Koidis N. Sharkov M. Barjaktarević Secretary General: Prof. L. Zouloumis J. Mihailov E. Kazazoglu M. Carčev H. Bostançi Treasurer: Dr. G. Tsiogas J. Gjorgova G. Pantelas Editor-in-Chief: Prof. Lj.Todorović T. Lambrianidis F. Kuntay The whole issue is available on-line at he web address of the BaSS (www.e-bass.org) Z U F J D P T ! ! BALKAN JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY M ISSN 1107 - 1141 B JD H MP UP TUPNB VOLUME 12 NUMBER 3 November 2008 PAGES 129-180 Contents OP E. Zabokova-Bilbilova Prevention of Enamel Demineralization During 133 T. Stafilov Orthodontic Treatment: An In Vitro Study Using GC Tooth Mousse A. Sotirovska-Ivkovska F. Sokolovska 133 OP N.K. Ersin Infraocclusion of Primary Molars: A Review and Report of Cases 138 U. Candan A.R. Alpoz 138 OP B. Obradovic Assessment of the Quality of Newly-Formed Bone for 143 Z. Stajcic Implant Insertion after Augmentation of the Maxillary Sinus Floor Lj. Stojcev Stajcic OP S.D. Poštić Medication and Positive Remodelling of Osteoporotic Jaws 147 OP A.D. Kaya Surface Roughness of Posterior Condensable Composites 153 F. Ozata 153 OP D. Mingomataj Clinical and Radiological Evaluation of 158 D. Mingomataj Chronic Periodontitis Treated by “Beyond Apex” Fillings OP E. Xhemo Dental Erosion: One of the Main Diagnostic 163 D. Brovina Symptoms of Gastric Oesophageal Reflux Disease E. Hoxha V. Demiraj A. Bylo CR H. Develioglu Histo-Pathological Evaluation of Drug Allergy Observed With 166 Ö. Özgören Gingival Overgrowth Induced by Phenytoin: A Case Report M. Nalbantoglu K. Eren F. Göze CR A. Delantoni Postextraction Inferior Alveolar Nerve Injuries - 170 P. Papademitriou-Delantoni Prevention and Treatment K. Antoniades 132 Balk J Stom, V ol 12, 2008 TR H.N. Alkumru Use of Polyethylene Fibre Ribbon Reinforced Composite Resin as 174 S.B. Turker Post-Core Build-Up: A Technical Report B. Evre Book Review John W. Werning M. Gavrić Oral Cancer: Diagnosis, Management, and Rehabilitation 178 Z U F J D P T ! ! BALKAN JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY M ISSN 1107 - 1141 B JD H MP UP TUPNB Prevention of Enamel Demineralization During Orthodontic Treatment: An In Vitro Study Using GC Tooth Mousse SUMMARY E. Zabokova-Bilbilova 1, T. Stafilov 2, A. One of the most difficult problems in orthodontic treatment with fixed Sotirovska-Ivkovska 1, F. Sokolovska 2 appliances is the control of enamel demineralization around the brackets. St. Cyril and Methodius University The bands/brackets and the different orthodontic elements that are used Skopje, FYROM (elastics, plastic, sleeves, springs) make the patient’s dental hygiene more 1Department of Pedodontic Dentistry difficult and the accumulation of plaque easier. The purpose of this study School of Dentistry 2Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural was to measure the percentage of Ca, Na, K and Mg in the enamel before Sciences and Mathematics and after application of the topical gel - GC Tooth Mousse. In this study, 40 healthy extracted premolars without any clinical sign of decalcification were selected. All teeth were cleaned and cut in half in the bucco-lingual direction with a diamond disc. Thus, the control and test speci- mens were obtained from the same teeth. Orthodontic brackets were bonded with Fuji Ortho LC. They were divided in 2 groups according to the period of monitoring (14 days and 1 month). Then, they were coated with a topical gel - Tooth Mousse (GC Corp, Japan), for 5 minutes each day, and stored in artificial saliva until analyzing. We have measured the percentage of Ca, Na, K and Mg in the enamel by using the method of flame atomic absorption spectrometry, with a Varian Spectra AA 55 B atomic absorption spectrometer. The results obtained in this study refer to high percentage of Ca in enamel in the study group for the first examined period. The percentages of Ca in enamel were remarkably higher after 1 month from application of den- tal mousse. This indicates that, with an in vitro tooth-brackets model, inhibi- tion of creating white spot could be achieved with the use of resin modified glass ionomer cement, supplemented with topical gel exposure. The mineral balance in the oral environment is accomplished by application of the Recal- TM dent CPP-ACP in the form of GC Tooth Mousse. ORIGINAL PAPER (OP) Keywords: Dental Caries; Enamel; Demineralization; Remineralization Balk J Stom, 2008; 12:133-137 Introduction These decalcification marks are seen as early as 4 weeks after band/bracket placement. One of the most difficult problems in orthodontic Several studies report different finding concerning treatment with fixed appliances is the control of enamel possible decalcification of teeth. Mizrahi found that the maxillary incisors and mandibular first molars are most demineralization around the brackets. The bands/brackets likely to exhibit signs of decalcification13. Trimpeneers and the different orthodontic elements that are used found the maxillary central incisors to be most susceptible ’ (elastics, plastic, sleeves, springs) make the patient s dental and Gorelick’s study reported the maxillary laterals11,24. hygiene more difficult and the accumulation of plaque One study measured the frequency of white spot formation easier2,15. After the use of fixed appliances, decalcification on the teeth and ranked them from most common to least marks are more pronounced at the gingival part of the common. The ranking is: maxillary lateral, mandibular teeth, were higher plaque accumulation usually occurs. second premolar, maxillary canine and maxillary first 134 E. Zabokova-Bilbilova et al. Balk J Stom, Vol 12, 2008 premolar26. The resistance of the mandibular segments has Material and Method been linked to the buffering capacity of saliva9. Much research has been focused on reducing the In this study, 40 healthy extracted premolars without occurrence of decalcification during orthodontic treatment. any clinical sign of decalcification were selected. All teeth Researchers have turned their attention toward appliance were cleaned and cut in half in the bucco-lingual direction design, bonding materials, use of fluorides, sealants with a diamond disc. Thus, the control and test specimens and improving oral hygiene7. Many products have been were obtained from the same teeth. Orthodontic brackets developed to prevent demineralization of enamel surface, were bonded with Fuji Ortho LC (GC America Chicago, like casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate III), a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. The teeth (CPP-ACP). were divided in 2 groups according to the period of CPP-ACP can be found in multiple products. monitoring (14 days and 1 month). Then, they were coated Recaldent™ is a unique complex containing amorphous with a topical gel - GC Tooth Mousse for 5 minutes each calcium phosphate (ACP) and casein phosphopeptide day, and stored in artificial saliva until analyzing. (CPP), obtained from milk casein. The preparation is We have measured the percentage of Ca, Na, K and recommended in need for hard tissue remineralization. The Mg in the enamel by using the method of flame atomic manufacturer compares the material to “liquid enamel”. absorption spectrometry (FAAS), with a Varian Spectra CPP-ACP complex make a strong binding with a bio- AA 55 B atomic absorption spectrometer. Determination of the Content of Calcium, film on teeth and form calcium and phosphate reservoir. Magnesium,Potassium and Sodium in Human Tooth Enamel They are then incorporated into the surface of enamel and Determination of Ca, Mg, K and Na by FAAS with dentine21. The effect of GC Tooth Mousse, with CPP- Varian Spectra AA 55 B atomic absorption spectrometer ACP complex is part of the new and modern approach is already described10,25. Hollow cathode lamps were to caries prevention. The CPP-ACP complex contained used as a source of electromagnetic radiation for each in Recaldent™ is hence an ideal system for transporting element. Lamps are optimized for 15 min before analysis. free calcium and phosphate ions, and GC Tooth Mousse, A mixture of acetylene and air was used for flame.
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