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Engraving Mata Uang Kertas Republik Indonesia Masa Pasca Kemerdekaan Tahun 1945-1965 Program Studi Pendidikan Seni Kriya Jurusan

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Engraving Mata Uang Kertas Republik Indonesia Masa Pasca Kemerdekaan Tahun 1945-1965 Program Studi Pendidikan Seni Kriya Jurusan ENGRAVING MATA UANG KERTAS REPUBLIK INDONESIA MASA PASCA KEMERDEKAAN TAHUN 1945-1965 SKRIPSI Diajukan Kepada Fakultas Bahasa Dan Seni Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta untuk Memenuhi sebagian Persyaratan Guna Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Oleh: Herman 11207244007 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN SENI KRIYA JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN SENI RUPA FAKULTAS BAHASA DAN SENI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA 2016 MOTO Orang yang bijak adalah orang yang mengerti akan sejarahnya PERSEMBAHAN Karya tulis ilmiah ini saya persembahkan untuk orang-orang yang telah memberi sejarah kepada saya, yaitu: Kedua orang tua tercinta, Ayahanda Wardana dan Ibunda Munirah Kakak dan adik tersayang, Lili Kaliri, Sinta Franciska, Kiki Krisnawati Keluarga besar Bapak Dakim dan Ibu Tarsiti Suharto Beserta Istri Nurbaeti, Roma Doni, Salsabila, Kepin Keluarga besar Bapak H. Kadir dan Ibu Hj. Priyati Terimakasi kepada sejarawan yang telah membantu terselesaikannya karya ilmiah ini, Faisal, Agus, Yoyok dan Mujirun Sekeluarga Sahabat seperjuangan di UKM Madawirna, Angit Sihlestari, Nurmuliastika, Rindi, Azmi, Ndari, Teresa, Ciong, Ilham, Rahardian, Ismu, Ivan, Dwi Winandar, Rahmat, Sukma Parasahabat G-Je seruker FPTI Sleman Sahabat sepenanggungan Keluarga Mahasiswa Tasikmalaya Uny Keluarga besar Burjo Pasundan, (ali, imlih, apen, tatan, dede, kang aam) KATA PENGANTAR Setelah melakukan proses perkuliahan yang panjang, akhirnya tahap akhir yakni penyusunan skripsi juga telah selesai dilalui. Tidak ada hasil yang sempurna di dunia ini, begitu juga hasil skripsi ini, namun rahmat dan karunia yang diberikan oleh Allah SWT benar-benar penulis syukuri, dan berterimakasih sebanyak-banyaknya atas kesempatan yang diberikan oleh-Nya ini sehingga penyusunan skripsi telah selesai dilakukan. Proses penelitian hingga penyusunan laporan skripsi ini tentunya juga tidak terlepas dari kerjasama, bantuan, dan dukungan dari berbagai pihak. Di halaman ini, perkenankanlah saya mengucapkan terima kasih kepada: 1. Prof. Dr. Rohmat Wahab, M.Pd., M.A. selaku Rektor Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. 2. Dr. Widyastuti Purbani, M.A. selaku Dekan Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta 3. Dwi Retno Sri Ambarwati, M.Sn. selaku Ketua Jurusan Pendidikan Seni Rupa. 4. Dr. I Ketut Sunarya selaku Ketua Program Studi Pendidikan Seni Kerajinan. 5. Eni Puji Astuti, S.Sn., M.Sn. selaku dosen pembimbing dalam penyusunan skripsi ini. 6. Faisal, Agus, Yiyok dan Mujirun. selaku narasumber utama dalam penelitian skripsi ini. Serta semua pihak yang tidak bisa saya sebutkan satu persatu di halaman ini. semoga skripsi ini mampu memberikan manfaat untuk semua kalangan meskipun hanya sekedar sebagai tambahan pengetahuan. Skripsi ini mungkin menjadi sempurna untuk saat ini, namun jika dikemudian hari ada yang menyempurnakan atau ada penelitian terkait yang lebih sempurna, penulis akan sangat menerima. Akhir dari pengantar ini saya ucapkan terima kasih. Yogyakarta, 16 Juni 2016 Penulis DAFTAR ISI Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL .................................................................................... i LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN ......................................................................... ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ......................................................................... iii LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ......................................................................... iv MOTTO ........................................................................................................ v PERSEMBAHAN ........................................................................................ vi KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................. vii DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................ ix DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................... xiii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................ xvi ABSTRAK ................................................................................................... xvii BAB I PENDAHULUAN . ........................................................................... 1 A. Latar Belakang ................................................................................. 1 B. Fokus Masalah ................................................................................. 6 C. Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................. 7 D. Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................... 7 1. Secara Teoritis ............................................................................ 8 2. Secara Praktis ............................................................................. 8 BAB II KAJIAN TEORI .............................................................................. 9 A. Definisi Periode Sejarah .................................................................... 9 B. Tinjauan Tentang Desain ................................................................. 12 1. Definisi Desain ........................................................................... 12 2. Elemen Dasar Desain ................................................................. 14 3. Prinsip Desain ............................................................................. 26 4. Unsur-unsur Pendukung Kelayakan Desain................................ 28 5. Ragam Hias ................................................................................. 33 C. Tinjauan tentang Uang ..................................................................... 36 D. Tinjauan tentang Seni Engraving ..................................................... 43 1. Alat-alat Engraving ..................................................................... 45 2. Teknik Engraving........................................................................ 47 E. Teknik Cetak ..................................................................................... 50 1. Cetak Intaglio .............................................................................. 51 2. Cetak Offset ................................................................................. 51 3. Cetak Tinggi (linotype) ............................................................... 52 F. Penelitian yang Relevan ................................................................... 52 BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................. 55 A. Definisi Penelitian ............................................................................ 55 B. Jenis Penelitian .................................................................................. 56 C. Data Penelitian ................................................................................. 57 D. Sumber Data ...................................................................................... 58 1. Informan ..................................................................................... 58 2. Sumber Data Pelengkap ............................................................. 59 E. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ............................................................... 59 1. Observasi .................................................................................... 59 2. Wawancara .................................................................................. 60 3. Dokumentasi .............................................................................. 61 F. Instrumen penelitian ......................................................................... 62 1. Pedoman Observasi .................................................................... 63 2. Pedoman Wawancara ................................................................. 63 3. Pedoman Dokumentasi ............................................................... 64 G. Teknik Pemeriksaan Keabsahan Data .............................................. 65 1. Ketekunan Pengamatan ............................................................... 66 2. Triangulasi .................................................................................. 66 H. Teknik Analisis Data ........................................................................ 67 1. Reduksi Data .............................................................................. 68 2. Penyajian Data ........................................................................... 68 3. Menari Kesimpulan atau Verifikasi ........................................... 69 BAB IV SENI ENGRAVING MATA UANG KERTAS REPUBLIK INDONESIA PASCA KEMERDEKAAN TAHUN 1945-1965 ... 70 A. Pelukis dan Engraver Indonesia Pada Masa Pasca Kemerdekaan Tahun 1945-1965 ............................................................................. 70 1. Abdulsalam ................................................................................ 71 2. Oesman Effendi ........................................................................... 72 3. Jurnalies ...................................................................................... 73 4. M. Sajiroen .................................................................................. 74 5. Much. Gozjali .............................................................................. 75 B. Seni Engraving Mata Uang Indonesia Pada Masa Pasca Kemerdekaan Tahun 1945-1965 .............................................................................. 76 1. Peralatan Engraving ................................................................... 77 2. Bahan Engraving ........................................................................
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