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Status and Sustainable Use of Mahogany in Central America

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Status and Sustainable Use of Mahogany in Central America Status and sustainable use of mahogany in Central America Report of a Nicaraguan study and a regional coordination workshop The designation of geographical entities in Published by Fauna & Flora International, this document and the presentation of the Cambridge, UK. material do not imply any expression on the part of the author or Fauna & Flora © 2006 Fauna & Flora International. International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or its Reproduction of any part of the publication authorities, or concerning the delineation of for educational, conservation and other its frontiers or boundaries. non-profit purposes is authorized without prior permission from the copyright Edited by Georgina Magin The opinion of the individual authors does holder, provided that the source is fully not necessarily reflect the opinion of either acknowledged. Cover photos: Juan Pablo Moreiras, FFI the editors or Fauna & Flora International. Reproduction for resale or other commercial A Banson production The authors and Fauna & Flora International purposes is prohibited without prior written 17e Sturton Street take no responsibility for any misrep- permission from the copyright holder. Cambridge CB1 2QG resentation of material from translation of this document into any other language. ISBN: 1 903703 20 4 Printed by Cambridge Printers. Status and sustainable use of mahogany in Central America Report of a Nicaraguan study and a regional coordination workshop Sponsors The project Current situation and harmonization of procedures for the sustainable use of mahogany Swietenia macrophylla in Central America was sup- ported by the Flagship Species Fund of DEFRA (the UK Government Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs). Additional support for the regional work- shop was provided by the US Agency for International Development, and for publi- cation of this report by the telephone recycling scheme run by Foneback in conjunction with Vodafone, also through the Flagship Species Fund. Generous support from all these organizations is Fauna & Flora International (FFI), gratefully acknowledged. founded in 1903 and the world's first international conservation organization, acts Acknowledgements to conserve threatened species and eco- Thanks to Norvin Sepulveda, MARENA and systems worldwide, choosing solutions that INAFOR for organization of the regional are sustainable, are based on sound science workshop in Nicaragua, and to all workshop and take account of human needs. participants for their valuable contributions. Gabriel Travisany produced an excellent The Global Trees Campaign is a joint study of mahogany in Nicaragua as part of initiative developed by FFI and the UNEP this project. Thanks are also due to Coralia World Conservation Monitoring Centre in Lopez-Selva and Camilla Iturra for translation partnership with a wide range of other of the workshop documents into English, to organizations around the world. The aim of Sara Oldfield for general input to the project the Campaign is to save the world's most and this report, and to the International threatened trees and the habitats in which Tropical Timber Organization for permission they grow through the provision of infor- to use extracts from its report Making the mation, delivery of conservation action and Mahogany Trade Work (ITTO 2004) in the support for sustainable use. introduction presented here. Contents Acronyms 4 Executive summary 5 INTRODUCTION 6 STATUS AND SUSTAINABLE USE 10 OF MAHOGANY IN NICARAGUA Synthesis of a diagnostic study by Gabriel Travisany REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON MAHOGANY 30 MANAGEMENT IN CENTRAL AMERICA Country presentations 30 Guatemala 30 Honduras 32 Mexico 36 Panama 44 Report of the workshop working groups 46 Conclusions and recommendations 47 Appendix 48 List of workshop participants 3 List of acronyms AAC Annual Allowable Cut AFE-COHDEFOR Forest Administration of the Honduran State Corporation for Forest Development (Honduras) ANAM National Environment Authority (Panama) CATIE Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center CCAD Central American Commission for Environment and Development CEDOC Documentation Centre (Nicaragua) CELOS Surinam Agricultural Research Centre CETREX Export Promotion Centre (Nicaragua) CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CONAFOR National Forestry Commission (Mexico) CONAP National Council for Protected Areas (Guatemala) CoP Conference of the Parties DBH Diameter at Breast Height DGA General Directorate of Customs (Nicaragua) DIGEPESCA Directorate General of Fisheries and Aquaculture (Honduras) DOF Official Journal of the Federation (Mexico) FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FSC Forest Stewardship Council GFMP General Forest Management Plan (Nicaragua) INAFOR National Forest Authority (Nicaragua) INRENA National Institute for Renewable Resources (Peru) INRENARE Institute for Renewable Natural Resources (Panama) INTECFOR National Technical Forestry Institute (Nicaragua) IRENA Institute for Natural Resources and Environment (Nicaragua) ITTO International Tropical Timber Organization LGDFS General Law for Sustainable Forest Development (Mexico) MAGFOR Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Forestry (Nicaragua) MARENA Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (Nicaragua) MCD Minimum Cutting Diameter MIFIC Ministry of Finance and Trade (Nicaragua) MMP Minimum Management Plan (Nicaragua) NAWEG North American Wildlife Enforcement Group NDF Non-detriment Finding NGO Non-governmental Organization NHLA National Hardwood Lumber Association (USA) PROFEPA Federal Environment Protection Office (Mexico) PROFOR Program on Forests (International) RAAN Northern Atlantic Autonomous Region (Nicaragua) RAAS Southern Atlantic Autonomous Region (Nicaragua) SAG Agriculture and Livestock Secretariat (Honduras) SEMARNAT Environment and Natural Resources Secretariat (Mexico) SIG Geographic Information System SINIA National System of Environmental Information of Nicaragua SIRCOF System of Registration and Control of Forest Operations (Nicaragua) TRAFFIC Trade Records Analysis of Flora and Fauna in Commerce WWF World Wide Fund for Nature 4 Executive summary n 2002 mahogany Swietenia macrophylla This report, which has been compiled and the national minimum cutting diameter for was listed on Appendix II of CITES. Under edited by Fauna & Flora International, the species and of authorizing mahogany Ithis listing, producing countries are re- presents a synthesis of the diagnostic harvesting only in areas under General quired to verify that any mahogany for study of mahogany in Nicaragua, and a Forest Management Plans. Added-value export has been obtained legally and in a summary of the information presented and processing for mahogany products needs manner that is non-detrimental to the discussions held at the regional workshop. to be encouraged, and the commercial survival of the species. This is done through utilization of a wider range of species making a non-detriment finding prior to Within Nicaragua, it is clear that mahogany supported, in order to increase the rev- issuing an export licence. In order to assist in is declining both in its natural range and enue gained from sustainable forest implementation of the Appendix II listing, the in the volumes available for commercial management. International Tropical Timber Organization use. The species has almost disappeared organized a workshop in Peru in 2004, with from open hardwood forest throughout the The regional workshop, which was held in the aim of encouraging and informing country, and is very reduced in closed Managua, Nicaragua on 23-24 November practical action in respect to the formulation forest in three departments within its 2004, included presentations from several of non-detriment findings for mahogany, former range (Matagalpa, Jinotega and Rio mahogany range states in Central America focusing on the three largest mahogany San Juan). In the areas where it does still on the status of the species nationally producers: Bolivia, Brazil and Peru. occur, there is a concentration of volume in and the procedures in place that trees of lower diameter and a general defi- regulate its use. Working group discus- Building on the success of this workshop, ciency of large trees. Mahogany harvesting sions focused on four themes: (i) forest the Government of Nicaragua (the fourth in Nicaragua is carried out in areas management and inventories, (ii) capacity largest mahogany producer) and Fauna & managed under approved General Forest building, (iii) communication and coordin- Flora International developed a project to Management Plans or (for areas under ation, and (iv) regional harmonization. There promote the sustainable management of 50 ha) Minimum Management Plans. Illegal was a great deal of support for further mahogany in Central America. The project, logging is a significant problem, apparently regional harmonization and collaboration, which was supported by the Flagship often carried out in areas managed under and the development of a regional work- Species Fund of the UK Department for Minimum Management Plans where the plan with annual regional coordination Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the requirements are less strict. meetings was proposed. The methodology US Agency for International Development put forward in the Nicaraguan study for and the Vodafone Foneback scheme, Recommendations from the Nicaraguan a rapid assessment of mahogany stocks comprised two components: (i) a detailed study
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