Streamwatch Indications for New Guidelines Report SING 2017 Acknowledgements Contents Acknowledgements

Streamwatch Indications for New Guidelines report SING 2017 Acknowledgements Contents Acknowledgements ...... 2 Introduction ...... 1 ANZECC Guidelines...... 2 Trigger values vs. Locally derived Guidelines ...... 3 Nominal Range guidelines ...... 5 Rationale ...... 5 Temporal change ...... 5 Percentile bandwidth ...... 5 Seasonal values and data treatment and filtering ...... 8 Water Quality Parameters ...... 9 Program and Regional overview ...... 10 Methodology ...... 12 Data Collation and Filtering ...... 12 Data Analysis ...... 12 Results ...... 13 Aggregations ...... 13 Whole of Program area ...... 13 Regional Aggregate Southern area ...... 18 Regional Aggregate Hacking River ...... 21 Regional Aggregate Botany Bay area ...... 24 Regional Aggregate Lower Georges River area ...... 27 Regional Aggregate Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater area ...... 31 Regional Aggregate Blue Mountains area...... 35 Regional Aggregate Parramatta River tributaries ...... 38 Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 1 Northeast ...... 42 Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 2 Northeast ...... 46 Regional Aggregate Well Vegetated Northeast ...... 50 Regional Aggregate Northwest area ...... 53 Sites: Southern area ...... 57 The Illawarra Grammar School - ...... 57 American Creek, Cordeaux Road ...... 57 Wollondilly Anglican College – ...... 58 Bargo River, Kiah Ridge, Bargo River Road Bridge ...... 58 Bargo River, Potholes crossing, Rockford Bridge ...... 59 Yallah TAFE – ...... 60 Duck Creek ...... 60 Campbelltown Bushcare – ...... 61 Menangle Creek, Northern Dam Noorumba Reserve ...... 61 Sites: Hacking River ...... 62 Royal national park NPWS – ...... 62 Hacking River, McKells Avenue ...... 62 Hacking River, Otford Road Causeway ...... 63 Hacking River, Red Cedar Flat ...... 64 Kangaroo Creek, Allambie Flat ...... 65 Wattamolla Lagoon, near palm tree ...... 66 Kyogle Bushcare Group – ...... 67 Kyogle Creek, Northwest Arm Road ...... 67 Sites: Botany Bay area ...... 68 Blakehurst High School – ...... 68 Blakehurst HS Below courts ...... 68 Blakehurst HS, West Street Reserve ...... 69 Bronte Gully - ...... 70 Bronte Gully below waterfall ...... 70 Bronte Gully above filter blocks ...... 71 Laperouse Coastcare – ...... 72 Happy Valley Creek, Botany Bay National Park ...... 72 Sites: Lower Georges River area ...... 73 Myles Dunphy Bushland Group – ...... 73 Dairy Creek, Cromdale Road ...... 73 Gungah Bay tributary (unnamed), Mulga Rd drain ...... 74 Gungah Bay tributary (unnamed), Oatley shops inlet ...... 75 Liverpool Bushcare – ...... 76 Elouera Reserve Cabramatta Creek ...... 76 Jannali Reserve Bushcare group – ...... 77 Tudar road, constructed wetland pontoon ...... 77 Sites: Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater area ...... 78 St Andrews College – ...... 78 Breakfast Creek, Harvey Park ...... 78 Wallacia Streamwatch – ...... 79 Jerrys Creek, Crossman Reserve, Park Road ...... 79 Jerrys Creek, Mulgoa Road...... 80 Nepean River, Vickery Road ...... 81 Penrith High School – ...... 82 Peach Tree Creek, Great Western Highway bridge ...... 82 Peach Tree Creek, Penrith rail bridge ...... 83 Cattai Catchment Landcare – ...... 84 Cattai Creek, Jewitt's Property, Annangrove Road ...... 84 Sites: Blue Mountains area ...... 85 Fitzgerald Creek Streamwatch – ...... 85 Fitzgerald Creek Below Long Angle ...... 85 Lawson Streamwatch Group – ...... 86 Lawson Creek, Ferris Lane ...... 86 Lawson Creek, Waratah Street BMX track ...... 87 Wentworth tributary (unnamed creek), Lawson Pool southern bridge ...... 88 Sites: Parramatta River tributaries ...... 89 Bidjiwong Nursery Group – ...... 89 Bellbird Ck near junction of Darling Mills Ck ...... 89 Blue Gum Creek above Darling Mills confluence ...... 90 Darling Mills Creek Bidjigal reserve downstream ...... 91 Excelsior Creek ...... 92 Ryde TAFE – ...... 93 Charity Creek, Acacia Dam, Ryde TAFE ...... 93 Charity Creek, retention dam, Ryde TAFE ...... 94 Seven Hills High School – ...... 95 Middle Lalor Creek, Twin Gums Reserve, Corella Rd ...... 95 Mitsubishi Electric Australia – ...... 96 Subiaco Creek Park Road ...... 96 Sites: Peri-Urban 1 Northeast ...... 97 Glenorie Environment and Creative Arts Centre – ...... 97 Glenorie Creek at Tekapo Road, Glenorie...... 97 Glenorie Creek, Glenorie 1st Scout Hall, Tekapo Road (site 4) ...... 98 Glenorie Creek, Glenorie Park, Wirra Place (site 2) ...... 99 Pittwater Streamwatch – ...... 100 Mullet Creek, upstream Garden Street bridge ...... 100 Sites: Peri-Urban 2 Northeast ...... 101 Still Creek Landcare Group – ...... 101 Charltons Creek Number 1 ...... 101 Still Creek at Mansfield Road ...... 102 Cowan Catchment Streamwatch Group – ...... 103 Kierans Creek, Larool Trail ...... 103 Neverfail Creek, Aumuna and Coolowie Roads ...... 104 Larool Creek Bushcare Group - ...... 105 Larool Creek, Wareemba Avenue ...... 105 Pittwater Streamwatch – ...... 106 Mullet Creek at pool downstream of Irrawong Waterfall ...... 106 Sites: Well Vegetated Northeast ...... 107 Still Creek Landcare Group -...... 107 Still Creek at Crosslands ...... 107 Glenorie Environment and Creative Arts Centre - ...... 108 Little Cattai Creek, Paulls Road (site 6) ...... 108 Eastbend Rural Communications – ...... 109 Hitchcocks Spring, Old Northern Road ...... 109 Wirreandra Creek Streamwatch – ...... 110 Little Wirreanda Creek, Camp Kedron ...... 110 Wirreanda Creek, Camp Kedron ...... 111 Pittwater Streamwatch – ...... 112 McCarrs Creek downstream confluence of Wirreanda Creek ...... 112 McCarrs Creek, The Duck Holes ...... 113 Sites: Northwest area...... 114 Little Wheeny Creek Streamwatch – ...... 114 Little Wheeny Creek at McMahons Park ...... 114 Little Wheeny Creek at weir (between Mill Road and Oswald Park Place) ...... 115 Wheeny Creek at Wheeny Reserve Wollemi NP ...... 116 Sites: Estuarine ...... 117 Cooks River Valley Streamwatch - ...... 117 Cooks River, Richardson’s Crescent, South Marrickville ...... 117 References ...... 118 Appendix ...... 119

Introduction Streamwatch is a long running citizen science program. The program has been collecting data since December 1990 and remains one of Australia’s iconic citizen science programs. Citizen science focussed on river health and pollution monitoring have shown to be effective as early warning systems, informing catchment planning (Dwyer and Wissing, 2000) and in providing data to government agencies (Environment Agency Wales, 2009).

Streamwatch is allied with Waterwatch programs across Australia, having a common heritage and ideology to act as an early warning system for aquatic ecosystem health. Streamwatch continues to be a member of the National Waterwatch Network. Sometimes challenged in regard to data quality, volunteer generated has been shown to be credible (Storey and Wright-Stow, 2016) and has been utilised as compliance information within the ACT Government Water Report (Harrison et al., 2013) and similar to Streamwatch, is accessed by a range of stakeholders.

The Streamwatch program spans boundaries of the operational area of Sydney Water Corporation, the substantive funding organisation for the program. Each month, trained volunteers collect local environmental monitoring data from across the Greater Sydney and Blue Mountains region. This place-based form of citizen science can be a powerful contributor to building sustainable communities, especially when the acquired data informs decision making (Newman et al.,2017).

The longevity of the program has previously been considered substantial enough to investigate the possibility that data and information collected by Streamwatch groups could provide a reasonable record of how this region’s water quality has changed.

Sydney Water engaged Sinclair Knight Merz (SKM) in 2010 to interrogate the historic data for both quality and trends. The purpose of the SING (2017) report, differs to that of the SKM (2010) effort but the methods used are informed by some of the findings of that previous report. Data, based on reliability, or specifically lack thereof, was filtered and excluded from our analysis. Hence a much smaller but probabilistically more robust data set was utilised to develop appropriate, locally relevant, expected ranges for water quality parameters.

The primary intent of this report is to provide citizen scientists with an expected typical bandwidth of values, for the various measured parameters. Filtering of values beyond logical limits was undertaken. The filtering of outliers can be challenged; however, it is emphasised that the primary purpose of this work is to determine a bandwidth of values appropriate to localised spatial scales and that will also be likely to be encountered. Outliers, beyond equipment range are not ‘likely’ to be encountered and in this context, can skew the final output. This approach also differs from an ecosystem health type analysis or trend analysis where data would be used to assess the environmental integrity of the waterbody or determine if change to the condition, had occurred.

In consideration of immediacy of use, analysis was restricted to time series of those sites still being actively monitored. It is hoped that outputs from this investigation can better inform current and future Streamwatch groups as well as other individuals and

1 organisations interested in water quality monitoring within the freshwater reaches of the Greater Sydney region. ANZECC Guidelines Much of the analysis within the SKM 2010 report; ‘Analysis of the Streamwatch dataset in terms of data quality and longitudinal trends’, focussed on identifying erroneous data. It also investigated temporal and longitudinal trends in water quality, based on subsets of the historical data. Reference was in accord with the relevant guidelines within the ANZECC/ARMCANZ (2000) ‘Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality’. The ANZECC guidelines continue to be the benchmark used by many organisations when assessing freshwater ecosystem health. The above, SKM 2010 report, suitably used median values from site data to compare to the guidelines, however in many cases, the number of observations (n), was extremely low, yet analysis was still performed. The ‘erroneous data’ aspect of the report, interrogated outliers, many of which were determined to be outside logical limits. These findings have helped inform the quality improvement initiatives of Streamwatch, since 2013.

It is important to note that in the context of the ANZECC guidelines, Streamwatch imperatives predominantly align with protection of ‘Aquatic ecosystems’ but in some cases, stakeholders may have priority concern for ‘Recreational water quality and aesthetics’. For the purpose of this report, reference is solely informed by ‘Aquatic ecosystems’. In that regard any comparisons made with the ANZECC Guidelines, need to be relevant to the content of chapter 3 of the Guidelines. Similarly, Streamwatch testing primarily targets physical and chemical stressors rather than toxicants and thus stressor levels are considered in the context of longer term or chronic conditions, rather than acute or immediate measured values. In this regard, it is worth emphasising the original intent of ANZECC trigger values and also how they should be interpreted.

In Section 3.1.1.2 of the ANZECC Guidelines, Paragraph 3, identifies a hierarchy of preference in determining appropriate guideline trigger values. The preferred order is as follows:

• Use of biological effects data • Local reference data (mainly physical and chemical stressors) • The tables of default values provided in the Guidelines

The most preferred use of biological effects data (such as ecotoxicity tests) is beyond the scope of the Streamwatch program. However, biological metrics in the form of macroinvertebrate assays, have been promoted and used within the program. Unfortunately, uptake, especially at the more urbanised locations, has been limited. The secondary preference in the dot points above, is the primary impetus underpinning this report.

Trigger values vs. Locally derived Guidelines Trigger values provided by the ANZECC guidelines are most commonly used as threshold values triggering some form of management action. However, the Guidelines do also provide both in its reference tables and notes, a range of desirable values for different ecosystems, altitudes and Australian regions. Table 1 is derived from the Guidelines.

These defined values have been derived through a cautious and conservative assessment process and do not, despite common misconception, provide a compliance criterion for a given waterbody. Furthermore, by necessity the ANZECC guidelines due to the coarseness of their geographic resolution, can only provide a generic set of values constrained by that limit of geographic resolution.

Environmental drivers of water quality vary naturally across and between catchments and as such, a set of locally derived guideline values can provide a more refined resource not possible with the ANZECC guidelines. This is well exampled by the sandstone geology of much of Sydney which tends naturally to support pH ranges at or below the low-end trigger suggested by the Guidelines.

The ANZECC guidelines delineate values along geographic region, ecosystem types, level of disturbance and altitude-upland > 150m vs lowland <150m. For the purposes of this report, comparison has been made with ANZECC default trigger values for South-East Australian lowland and upland rivers ecosystems of ‘slightly disturbed’ status. Of course, the streams monitored across the program area range in condition from slightly disturbed through to highly disturbed or very degraded. From a management perspective, these sites have varying degrees of environmental value and hence, varying priorities of required protection. However, even in the case of highly disturbed sites, the downstream receiving waters may in fact retain a less disturbed status.

The ANZECC Guidelines recommend that “guideline trigger values for slightly–moderately disturbed systems also be applied to highly disturbed ecosystems wherever possible. If that is not possible, local jurisdictions and relevant stakeholders must negotiate alternative values”. This does have implications when a parsimonious approach to setting generic guideline values is taken. A concrete drain running through a highly urbanised area of Sydney will by and large have a very different typical suite of parameter values to that of a creek running through peri-urban bushland. Yet, to date citizen scientists are given the same benchmark trigger values to refer to, regardless of catchment condition. This gradient of condition of course in itself is good justification for developing locally relevant indicators where it is unlikely that the status of some of these systems will improve in the foreseeable future. The guidelines in fact, state that; “Where individual states or territories have developed their own regional guideline trigger values, those values should be used in preference to the default values provided”.

To reiterate, the primary purpose of this report is to provide citizen scientists and others, with an expected bandwidth of values for several measured parameters rather than a set of triggers or a benchmark for ecosystem health per se. Comparison with the Guidelines is still considered to have merit in so far that, for many years Streamwatch participants have been referring to the Guideline trigger values to determine the ‘health’ of their site.

Table 1. Relevant Guidelines derived from ANZECC/ARMCANZ (2000) Guidelines- Tables 3.3.2–3.3.3 South-east Australia, for slightly disturbed ecosystems.

# Upland rivers 30–350 - Conductivity in upland streams will vary depending upon catchment geology. Low values are found in eastern highlands (55 μScm-1), and high values (350 μScm-1) in NSW rivers. ## Lowland rivers 125–2200 Lowland rivers may have higher conductivity during low flow periods and if the system receives saline groundwater inputs. NSW coastal rivers are typically in the range 200–300 μScm-1.

* ANZECC triggers indicate the amount of phosphorous. Streamwatch equipment measures the amount of phosphate, which includes the phosphorous molecule surrounded by 4 oxygen molecules. The trigger values listed above were achieved by multiplying 3.06 to the ANZECC trigger values. It should be noted that most colorimetric methods have a detection limit around 0.05mg/L. Values below 0.1mg/L may need to be treated with caution. ^ ANZECC (1992) Guidelines referenced for comparison of mg/L, to avoid conversion errors potentially occurring when using percent saturation.

Nominal Range guidelines Rationale Physical and chemical water quality parameters remain important proxies for determining ecosystem health. The Metropolitan Water Plan (2017) identified community desire for river health and water quality to improve in ensuing years. Capacity of the community to determine this will be critical in coming years. As such, it is useful for practitioners to have an insight into what the tested values of their water quality parameters may be indicating. Commonly, water quality field operators routinely collect and record data, hopefully without observational bias. However, for a citizen science program such an approach may be counterproductive and reduce opportunities for appropriate in-field response to measured outlier values. Here, we propose that informed volunteers, armed with the knowledge of ‘typical’ values or nominal range for their site, are less likely to record values indicative of equipment failure, orders of magnitude error, transcription error or operator mistake. The argument against this would be that ‘real’ outliers, those indicative of an unusual environmental change may be doubted as valid by the volunteer operating in the field. This is easily dealt with by field protocols requiring a ‘retest/re-measure response when unusual values are encountered. A retest value would be accompanied by an appropriate field observation notation in the data record.

Temporal change As identified in the above ANZECC GUIDELINES section, the streams monitored across the program area range in condition from slightly disturbed through to highly disturbed and the historic time series associated with many of these sites can be useful in determining locally meaningful nominal ranges likely to be encountered at these sites. This is especially so where the historic record indicates a stable median over many seasons. Where however, a temporal trend in condition may be apparent, setting a nominal range is more challenging and likely requires an iterative approach over time, where frequency of revisions will be dependent upon the slope of the identified trend. This approach could be perceived as ‘shifting the goal posts’ over time, but it must be emphasised that the intent of these locally meaningful nominal ranges is primarily to improve the quality assurance of the field acquired data and not as an ecosystem health metric. It is plausible though, that in many cases, unless dramatic change is apparent, these nominal ranges will be indicative of site and possibly catchment condition, regardless as to whether they are static or otherwise.

Percentile bandwidth The nominal range in regard to Streamwatch tested parameters, utilises the 75th and the 25th percentile values to delimit the range. These nth percentiles provide an applied bandwidth and are not intrinsically linked to or indicate ecological thresholds. They have been chosen to reflect the “typical” range of values historically associated with a site or regional aggregation of sites. Other percentile ranges could have been chosen. The ANZECC Guidelines, for instance, nominate 80th and 20th percentiles when determining an “acceptable” range of temperatures for a waterbody. By relying on the more constrained 75th and the 25th percentile range, we are imbuing greater confidence in the field operative, that a measured value falling within or close to the provided bandwidth is

“acceptable” for the site and not requisite for follow up action. Measured values beyond this range may merit scrutiny while significant outliers can be regarded as warranting retesting and possibly escalating an alert if the measurement is replicated.

Natural variability of parameter values as a response to environmental change, rather than disturbance or pollution, is normal and expected. The degree of variability across sites will differ as the effect of various drivers will vary from site to site. This variability can be driven by:

• Surface water flow • Groundwater inputs • Terrestrially derived inputs • Seasonal patterns (related mainly to temperature and rainfall) • Diurnal changes of photosynthetic activity

The application of a 75th to 25th percentile bandwidth will unavoidably exclude values indicative of larger swings of this natural variability as well as those values reflecting a variation due to disturbance. The magnitude and frequency of parameter variability resulting from environmental disturbance will differ from site to site. Those sites occurring within highly disturbed ecosystems, will consequently exhibit time series with many values indicative of environmental degradation, many of which would be captured within the 75th to 25th percentile bandwidth of that site. Values outside this range, possibly indicative of severe disturbance, would be excluded from this treatment. However, the intended purpose of this bandwidth approach, is to indicate the typical values likely to be encountered at a site regardless of whether they indicate good, poor or intermediate ecosystem health. As such, for the purposes of this report, values at or between the 75th to 25th percentiles are considered as typical for the site or aggregation of sites. Figure 1. and Figure 2. provide examples of this.

Figure 1. Chart showing historical dissolved oxygen data in mg/L. Measurements likely to be a result of larger variability swings, occur outside the 75th to 25th percentile range.

Electrical Conductivity 450

400

350 measurement 300 75th percentile Median 250 25th percentile

200

150 CHARLTONS CREEK NUMBER 1

Figure 2. Chart showing historical electrical conductivity data in micro S/cm. Measurements likely to be a result of larger variability swings, occur outside the 75th to 25th percentile range.

Not all parameters tested within the program have linear, continuous values associated with them and even those that do, have limitations of equipment precision. As such, the 75th and the 25th percentile values reported here, will be those that can be encountered by Streamwatch volunteers utilising the current suite of equipment. For instance, a 25th percentile value calculated for conductivity might be 205 S/cm. Currently utilised equipment reports in increments of 10 S/cm. The calculated value would not be encountered in the field and thus the calculated value is rounded up to 210 S/cm.

Seasonal values and data treatment and filtering Source data containing values exceeding logical limits e.g. outside known instrument range, were filtered from time series under analysis. Time series of sites with (n) less than 12 individual parameter values also have not been utilised. Regional aggregate analysis combined a minimum of three sites (commonly five) and did not exclude individual sites having less than twelve values. This filtering method was not applied to the turbidity parameter - FTU, which though lacking statistical strength in some cases, may still provide some insight, when used in combination with the NTU outputs. During analysis of each time series, where there is evidence for a seasonal signal, the 25th and 75th percentiles for each of the four seasons is also reported. This is not done for data sets which were determined to have a weak seasonal P (Chi-squared) value. P value higher than 0.05 being considered statistically weak.

The inclusion of ANZECC guideline values, where practical, has been provided primarily as an exercise of comparison and interest only as it is fundamentally the 25th percentile to 75th percentile bandwidth which is intended to provide practical guidance for future field monitoring efforts. Where ANZECC references to dissolved oxygen are provided, they are converted to the same units as the Streamwatch data (mg/L). For example, the ANZECC lower limit of 85% saturation is converted to mg/L calculated at the relevant median temperature. The ANZECC Guideline lower limit will be labelled as ANZECC 85% calc. Similarly, the inclusion of a median value in the charts and tables, has been provided to give an indication of value distribution within each analysis rather than providing a guideline value per se.

Where data has been aggregated for analysis, the results are reported along with a table listing the:

• Parameter under analysis, • the Period, showing the years and months between the earliest and most recent records, • the Records (n), providing the number of values used in the analysis and • Seasonal P (Chi2), which provides an indication whether there is a significant difference between seasonal datasets.

Regardless of Seasonal P, charted outputs are only provided for aggregated analyses and not for individual site results. Outputs lacking a strong seasonal indication are provided in tabular form.

Water Quality Parameters The Streamwatch program measures a range of water quality indicators. Each of these are briefly described as follows:

• In-stream water temperature measured in degrees Celsius (°C). Streamwatch equipment is a simple analogue alcohol thermometer having a range -5° to 50°, with increments of 0.5°. A few groups utilise higher resolution digital thermometers with increments of 0.1°. • Dissolved Oxygen (DO) measured in milligrams per Litre (mg/L) is a measure of the amount of oxygen (O2) dissolved in the water sample. Streamwatch equipment utilises the azide Winkler colorimetric method. Most equipment up until recently recorded over the range 0 – 11 mg/L. Recent equipment in limited use, records over the range 0 – 10 mg/L. • Available Phosphate, otherwise known as orthophosphate or soluble reactive 3- phosphate, is a measurement of the phosphate (PO4 ) dissolved in the water sample. Streamwatch equipment utilises the ascorbic acid reduction colorimetric method. Equipment records over the range 0 – 3.00 mg/L. Equipment detection limit is reported as 0.05mg/L. Colorimeters will record values below this limit, but these values should be acknowledged as representing possible values between 0 and 0.05 mg/L. Tests and guidelines often report in Phosphate P, reactive Phosphorus or PO4 – P. This parameter is reporting the amount of atomic P rather than the amount of molecular PO4. The parameters are different and require a conversion factor to directly compare them. • pH measured in pH units. Streamwatch utilises test strips for this parameter. The product used historically measures over a range of 0 – 14. Since 2014 the range 4.5 to 10 was introduced. All test strip brands tested to date, appear to be of limited efficacy in acid, very low buffered streams typical of minimally disturbed sandstone catchments in the Sydney region. This brings into question the utility of that data. • Electrical conductivity (EC) measured in micro siemens per centimetre (μS.cm-1) is a measure of the electrical conductivity and is a proxy for the quantity of dissolved ions or salts in the water sample. Streamwatch equipment measures in increments of 10 μS.cm-1 over the range 0 – 1990 μS.cm-1. Accuracy ±1 % full scale. • Turbidity in Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) and Formazin Attenuation Unit (FAU or FTU). NTU measurement uses a graduated turbidity tube, working on a secchi depth principle and having a range from 10 to 400 NTUs. FAU measurement has been introduced in recent years using a colorimetric absorption method. The equipment records in the range 0 - 500 FAU with a detection limit of 3 FAU. Turbidity tubes, limited in resolution and detection limit provide minimal historic data variation but remain useful for quantifying gross changes in water clarity. • E. coli/Coliform Counts recorded in increments of 100 Colony Forming Units per 100mL of water sample (CFU/100mL). Streamwatch utilises a 1mL subsample of 100mL collected water sample, which is subsequently delivered to a 3M™ Petrifilm™ E. Coli/Coliform Count (EC) Plate and incubated for 24 hours. • Nitrate (NO3) and Ammonia nitrogen (NH3 – N) are and have been used sporadically within the Streamwatch program. Insufficient data exists to merit inclusion in this report.

Program and Regional overview Streamwatch currently extends over the Greater Sydney region, encompassing Wollongong in the south to Glenorie in the north and Blackheath in the west to Bronte in the east and lies within the Sydney Basin Bioregion (Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy, IBRA 2012). Figure 3 shows the program area within New South Wales. The program has been running continuously since 1990. Typically, in 2016, 688 site visits resulted in 4135 parameter values and site observations being measured and recorded by trained volunteers. The accumulated data is publicly available on request. The region is diverse in land-use but is dominated by intensely urbanised cities and population centres with rural and bush lands on the periphery. Some of the more natural areas encompass World Heritage Listed, wilderness areas. Figure 4 is a satellite image of the program area clearly depicting urban dominance of the central area. The Greater Sydney region is bounded by the Pacific coast in the east, and a backdrop of sandstone plateaus and escarpments of the Blue Mountains to the west. Clays, shale and coal sequences, occur throughout the region. There are several coastal rivers within the region including the Hawkesbury-Nepean River, the Georges, the Parramatta, Cooks, Woronora and Hacking Rivers. Figure 5 shows named water courses and the 63 sites used. Bureau of Meteorology information indicates mean annual rainfall for Observatory Hill, Sydney as 1200 mm. Mean values for other locations in the region are similar with western areas on the plains dropping to approximately 750mm. Higher Blue Mountains locations receive more rain on average with annual means approximating 1400mm. Seasonal rainfall can be variable but November to March tends to have higher precipitation.

Figure 3. Map showing location of the Streamwatch program within New South Wales.

Figure 4. Satellite image showing urban footprint and tree cover density. The Streamwatch program is distributed across the Greater Sydney region, with sites located in urban, peri-urban and naturally vegetated locations.

Figure 5. Map showing program boundary, named watercourses within the program area and the sixty-three Streamwatch sites having historical data meeting the analysis criteria for this report.

Methodology Data Collation and Filtering Sixty-Three Streamwatch sites were utilised in this analysis. Of these, sixty-two were aggregated into eleven regional groups which in four cases lie within catchments of rivers in the greater Sydney region. Specifically, these are: • the Hacking river • the Georges River • the Hawkesbury/Nepean rivers • and the Parramatta River The other seven groups represent geographic regions within the program area. Of these, groups within the northeast region were further delineated by relative degree of urbanisation. Peri-urban 1 being most urbanised, Peri-urban 2 being an intermediate level or urbanisation and Well-vegetated being the least urbanised. Relative urbanisation was determined subjectively by visually determining the proportion of canopy cover to hard surfaces in the zone upstream and adjacent to the reach site. This was achieved using Google Earth imagery. The remaining site not aggregated to any group was on the Cooks river. This being well downstream and functionally an estuarine site, it was deemed not representative of the freshwater drainages within the program area and thus treated separately. Historical data covering the period 07/12/1990 to 28/08/2017 was used in this analysis. Over that period, 32,146 site visits measuring water quality had been carried out by Streamwatch volunteers. This report has restricted analysis to those sites associated with currently active Streamwatch groups with known monitoring capability and diligence. As such, the primary purpose is to provide those groups with information useful to their monitoring efforts. An additional output is that from the aggregated grouping analysis. These results may be useful for indicating the possible bandwidth of parameters as new sites come on line. Data Analysis Analyses of aggregations and each site’s time series, were performed using the program Time Trends version 6.3 from Jowett Consulting, http://www.jowettconsulting.co.nz/home/time-1 Filtering was incorporated in the analysis to exclude data outside logical limits e.g. outside relevant instrument range. A seasonal Kruskall-Wallis test was initially performed on each parameter for each site, to determine if a statistically significant seasonal signal existed. P (Chi2) less than 0.05 was considered as significant. The median, 25th and 75th percentiles were determined for each of the four seasons, where significance occurred. In addition, 25th, median and 75th percentiles were determined for entire time series to provide an expected bandwidth across the monitoring year. The practice of comparing median values from site data to the ANZECC guideline values, has been repeated in this analysis as an exercise of interest rather than to achieve any specific endpoint. A major difference however, compared to the SKM report is that time series with (n) less than 12 have not been analysed. In addition, outliers exceeding logical limits e.g. outside instrument range, were excluded from time series under analysis.

Results Aggregations Aggregation of data was performed at two scales. These were Whole of Program area and regional/urbanised aggregations, of which there were eleven groupings created. Results are provided at all three scales - Whole of Program area, Regional aggregations and also for individual Sites. Guidelines for Sites are provided in tabular form.

Whole of Program area is fairly self-explanatory and includes site data from all sites used in the analysis except the estuarine site data. As detailed within the Data Collation and Filtering section, the eleven regional/urbanised aggregations were created from the aggregation of several sites’ data. The determination as to which sites contributed data to a particular aggregation, was based on a nested criteria approach. Geographic position being the primary determining factor, followed in descending order of importance by river catchments and degree of urbanisation. Large river catchments such as the Hawkesbury- Nepean, with relatively large geographic spread were parsed with geographic position so that an upper and lower reaches or freshwater and estuarine catchment zone were created to drive aggregation.

Whole of Program area Aggregation of data from all sites within the analysis provides a large number of records for each parameter and gives ranges for each parameter. The variability of environmental factors and degrees of disturbance across sites will necessarily result in the broadest but arguably useful, range of values from this report. Sites used in this analysis dominate the lowland (<150m), with only six sites considered upland. Conductivity values from those sites were not aggregated with the lowland set. The below results may still be considered as coarsely indicative of the Greater Sydney region.

The highest possible ‘n’ due to the aggregation of all sites, provided significantly different seasonal ranked means in the Kruskall-Wallis test for all parameters except pH and turbidity. Plots are provided to highlight the seasonality of those parameters. Drivers for seasonality are not easily determined but rainfall and societal behaviour are likely to be contributing factors.

In context of city heat island effect and climate changes, the 75th percentile values for Temperature will be most informative for future monitoring. All values of Dissolved Oxygen indicate a generally depressed profile across much of the program area. The median and 75th percentiles of Available Phosphate indicate a generally enriched profile of this nutrient, across much of the program area. All values of conductivity are below the Guidelines for slightly disturbed ecosystems of South-east Australia – 2200 µS/cm but trending above the 300 µS/cm indicated in ANZECC notes on coastal rivers in the region. Turbidity and pH indicate little variability (25th, 75th and median pH = 7), while E. coli values are generally an order of magnitude or more below alert levels used by Sydney Water. All charts are scaled to include 25th, 75th percentiles and median values. Where the median point is not apparent, the value is equal to the 25th value. If only the 25th percentile is apparent, all three points are of equal value.

Whole of Program area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Water Temp (°C) 26 years and 9 months 5440 0.00

Regional aggregate All active sites 24 23 23.0 22 21 21.0 20 20.0 20.0 20.0 19.5 19 18 17 17.0 17.0 16 16.0 75th percentile 15 14.5 14.5 14 Median 13 13.0 12 12.0 25th percentile

Temperature oC Temperature 11 11.0 10 9.5 9 8 7 6 5 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 24 years and 4 months 5573 0.00

Regional aggregate All active sites 10

9 9.1

8 8.0 8.1 7.6 7.8 7 6.9 6.6 6.6 6.1 6 6.0 75th percentile 5.5 5 Median 4.5 4.5 25th percentile 4 4.1 3.8 ANZECC 85% calc

3 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Oxygen Dissolved 2

0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Whole of Program area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2)

Available Phosphate PO4 (mg/L) 24 years and 4 months 4756 0.03

Regional aggregate All active sites 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18

0.16 0.16 0.16

0.14

0.12 75th percentile

0.10 Median 25th percentile 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 ANZECC lowland 0.06 0.06 0.06

Available Phosphate mg/L Phosphate Available 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

0.00 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Electrical conductivity (µS/cm) 19 years and 1 months 4477 0.00

Regional aggregate lowland sites 800.00

700.00

620.00 600.00 600.00 600.00 590.00 530.00 500.00 75th percentile 420.00 430.00 420.00 400.00 410.00 Median 360.00 25th percentile 300.00 300.00 280.00 280.00 260.00 270.00

200.00 Conductivity micro S/cm micro Conductivity

100.00

0.00 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Whole of Program area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) pH (pH units) 26 years and 9 months 5576 0.77

Regional aggregate All active sites 8.25

8.00

7.75

7.50 75th percentile

Median pH 7.25 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 7.00 7.00

6.75

6.50 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Turbidity (NTU) 16 years and 7 months 4755 0.62

Regional aggregate All active sites

NTU75th percentile 30 NTU Median NTU 25th percentile 20 ANZECC lowland

Turbidity NTU FTUNTU Turbidity 15

10 10

0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Whole of Program area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) E. coli (CFU/100mL) 8 years and 7 months 1172 0.02

Regional aggregate All active sites 1000

900

800

700 700

600 75th percentile 500 Median 400 400 400 25th percentile

E coli CFU/100mL coli E 300 300 300

200

100 100

0 0 0 0 0 0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Southern area The Regional Aggregate Southern comprises the following sites: • American Creek, Cordeaux Road • Bargo River, Kiah Ridge, Bargo River Road Bridge • Bargo River, Potholes crossing, Rockford Bridge • Duck Creek, Yallah TAFE • Menangle Creek, Northern Dam Noorumba Reserve

The aggregated data from the above listed sites, covers an area of moderate vegetation cover with both rural land use and peri-urban development. The Bargo River sites are riverine in nature while the other sites are smaller second order streams. The Menangle creek site is located within an earth dam impoundment. The below results could be considered as indicative of the southern rural and peri-urban catchments within the program area. Only Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen exhibited a seasonal signal in this aggregation, with Temperature showing summer and winter ranges more extreme than the whole of program values, while Dissolved Oxygen was generally higher than the whole of program values.

Figure 6. Map showing the ‘Regional Aggregate Southern area’ zone within the program area.

Regional Aggregate Southern area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Water Temp (°C) 25 years and 6 months 634 0.00

Regional Aggregate Southern 25 24 24.0 23 23.0 22 21 20.5 20 20.0 20.0 20.0 19 18 17 17.0 17.0 16 75 percentile 15 15.0 14.5 Median 14 13.5 13 25 percentile

12 12.0 12.0 Temperature oC Temperature 11 10 10.0 9 9.0 8 7 6 5 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 21 years and 8 months 569 0.00

Regional aggregate Southern 11

10 9.7 9 9.2 8.8 8.9 8.9

8 8.0 7.8 7.5 7.5 7.3 7 75th percentile 6.6 6.6 6 6.2 Median 5.8 5.5 25th percentile 5 ANZECC 85% calc

4 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Oxygen Dissolved 3

1 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Southern area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2)

Available Phosphate PO4 (mg/L) 18 years and 6 months 543 0.89

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.11 Median 0.05 25th percentile 0.02 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Electrical conductivity (µS/cm) 14 years and 6 months 548 0.96

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 580 Median 380 25th percentile 200 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) pH (pH units) 25 years and 6 months 640 0.34

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 8.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Turbidity (NTU) 15 years and 1 months 539 0.60

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 8 FTU Median 6 FTU 25th percentile 5 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) E. coli (CFU/100mL) 3 years and 1 months 35 0.99

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 300 Median No data 100 25th percentile 0

Regional Aggregate Hacking River The Regional Aggregate Hacking River comprises the following sites: • Hacking River, McKells Avenue • Hacking River, Otford Road Causeway • Hacking River, Red Cedar Flat • Kangaroo Creek, Allambie Flat • Wattamolla Lagoon, near palm tree • Kyogle Creek, Northwest Arm Road

The aggregated data from the above sites, covers a zone primarily contained within the Royal National Park. Kyogle Creek, Northwest Arm Road is adjacent to the Park and flows through urban bushland. The rivers and creeks do have some degree of urban impact in their headwaters and the Hacking River also drains the landscape supporting Helensburgh population centre and an active coal mine. The below results could be considered as indicative of the well vegetated and peri-urban catchment of the Hacking River. Only Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen exhibited a seasonal signal in this aggregation, with both showing similar seasonal ranges to the whole of program values. Available Phosphate values are below both ANZECC guidelines and the values for the whole of program aggregation. The lack of seasonality may be due to most recorded values being close to the detection limit of equipment and/or little terrestrial supply of nutrient. Electrical Conductivity exhibited values lower than the whole of program aggregation.

Figure 7. Map showing the ‘Regional Aggregate Hacking River’ zone within the program area.

Regional Aggregate Hacking River Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Water Temp (°C) 14 years and 0 months 226 0.00

Regional aggregate Hacking R 25 24 23 23.0 23.0 22 21 21.0 20 20.0 20.0 20.0 19 19.0 18 18.0 18.0 17 16 16.0 75 percentile 15 Median 14 14.0 13.5 13 25 percentile 12.5

12 Temperature oC Temperature 11 11.0 10 10.0 9 8 7 6 5 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 14 years and 0 months 201 0.00

Regional aggregate Hacking R 12

10 9.6 9 8.8 8.4 8.4 8 7.9 7.9 75th percentile 7.5 7 7.2 7.2 Median 6.6 6.7 6.2 25th percentile 6 5.9 6.1 5.6 ANZECC 85% calc 5

Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Oxygen Dissolved 4

2 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Hacking River Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2)

Available Phosphate PO4 (mg/L) 14 years and 0 months 197 0.37

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.05 Median 0.03 25th percentile 0.01 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Electrical conductivity (µS/cm) 14 years and 0 months 189 0.82

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 330 Median 280 25th percentile 220 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) pH (pH units) 14 years and 0 months 226 0.82

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Turbidity (NTU) 14 years and 0 months 181 0.65

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) E. coli (CFU/100mL) 0 years and 0 months 0

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Regional Aggregate Botany Bay area The Regional Aggregate Botany Bay area comprises the following sites: • Blakehurst HS Below courts • Blakehurst HS, West Street Reserve • Bronte Gully below waterfall • Bronte Gully above filter blocks • Happy Valley Creek, Botany Bay National Park

The aggregated data from the above sites, on the northern side of the botany bay catchment, covers an zone dominated by highly urbanised landscapes with watercourses being mostly, highly engineered, concrete structures. Happy Valley Creek, Botany Bay National Park is the exception having a more natural but weed impacted water course draining an urban landscape. All sites have a flashy hydrology driven by stormwater inputs. The Bronte sites do have some groundwater inputs from the sandstone geology. The below results could be considered as indicative of the highly urbanised catchments feeding the watercourses. Only Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen exhibited a seasonal signal in this aggregation, with Temperature exhibiting higher Summer and Winter values than the whole of program values. Dissolved Oxygen values were lower than the whole of program values. Available Phosphate values are above both ANZECC guidelines and the values for the whole of program aggregation. Conductivity exhibited values similar to the whole of program aggregation.

Figure 8. Map showing the ‘Regional Aggregate Botany Bay area’ zone within the program area.

Regional Aggregate Botany Bay area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Water Temp (°C) 15 years and 2 months 226 0.00

Regional aggregate Botany Bay area 25 24 24.0 23 22.5 22 22.0 22.0 22.0 21 21.0 20 19 19.0 19.0 18 18.0 18.0 17 17.0 17.0 16 16.5 75th percentile 15 15.0 14 14.0 Median 13 25th percentile 12

Temperature oC Temperature 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 15 years and 2 months 196 0.00

Regional aggregate Botany Bay area 10

8 8.0 7.7 7.4 7 7.1 7.0 6.6 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.4 6 5.7 75th percentile 5.4 5 Median 25th percentile 4 4.1 ANZECC 85% calc

3 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Oxygen Dissolved 2 2.2 1.7 1

0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Botany Bay area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2)

Available Phosphate PO4 (mg/L) 15 years and 2 months 245 0.05

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.18 Median 0.09 25th percentile 0.05 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Electrical conductivity (µS/cm) 15 years and 2 months 266 0.90

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 630 Median 420 25th percentile 330 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) pH (pH units) 15 years and 2 months 275 0.05

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Turbidity (NTU) 15 years and 2 months 273 0.33

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 20 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) E. coli (CFU/100mL) 7 years and 8 months 7 0.63

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Insufficient Median data 25th percentile

Regional Aggregate Lower Georges River area The Regional Aggregate Lower Georges River area comprises the following sites: • Dairy Creek, Cromdale Road • Gungah Bay tributary (unnamed), Mulga Rd drain • Gungah Bay tributary (unnamed), Oatley shops inlet • Elouera Reserve Cabramatta Creek • Tudar road, constructed wetland pontoon

The aggregated data from the above sites, covers a zone dominated by urbanised landscapes with watercourses either having engineered structures within their reaches or being fed by stormwater infrastructure. Tudar road, constructed wetland pontoon is a site located at a constructed retention pond within Sutherland Shire. Elouera Reserve Cabramatta Creek is the most upstream site, located in the Liverpool LGA. The remaining three sites are located at Oatley in the Georges river LGA. All flows from the above sites feed into the lower Georges River. All sites have a flashy hydrology driven by stormwater inputs. The below results could be considered as indicative of the urbanised catchment areas feeding the Lower Georges River. Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen and Conductivity exhibited a seasonal signal in this aggregation, with Temperature exhibiting slightly higher Summer and Winter values than the whole of program values. Dissolved Oxygen values were lower than the whole of program values. Available Phosphate values are slightly lower than the values for the whole of program aggregation. Conductivity exhibited values higher than the whole of program aggregation. Seasonality of Conductivity has a crudely inverse relationship with local rainfall records where due to dilution, higher seasonal rain correlated with lower conductivity values.

Figure 9. Map showing the ‘Regional Aggregate Lower Georges River area’ zone within the program area.

Regional Aggregate Lower Georges River area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Water Temp (°C) 14 years and 9 months 164 0.00

Regional aggregate Lower Georges River area 25 24 24.0 23 22 22.0 21 20.5 20 20.0 19 19.0 19.0 18 17 17.0 16 16.0 75th percentile 15.5 15 15.0 15.0 Median 14 13 13.0 25th percentile 12.5 12 Temperature oC Temperature 11.5 11 11.0 10 9 8 7 6 5 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 14 years and 9 months 158 0.00

Regional aggregate lower Georges River area 11

8 7.9

7 7.0 7.1 7.2 6.4 75th percentile 6 5.9 5.9 5.6 5.6 Median 5.1 5 25th percentile 4.4 4 4.1 3.8 ANZECC 85% calc 3.3 3 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Oxygen Dissolved 2.7 2

0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Lower Georges River area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2)

Available Phosphate PO4 (mg/L) 14 years and 9 months 164 0.17

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.11 Median 0.07 25th percentile 0.04 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Electrical conductivity (µS/cm) 14 years and 9 months 162 0.04

Regional aggregate lower Georges River area 1000

900 880 800

700 720 710 720

600 75th percentile

500 500 Median 470 490 440 440 25th percentile 400 370 ANZECC lowland 330 330 300 310 320

250 Conductivity micro S/cm micro Conductivity 200

100

0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Lower Georges River area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) pH (pH units) 14 years and 9 months 164 0.51

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Turbidity (NTU) 14 years and 9 months 129 0.62

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 13 FTU Median 7 FTU 25th percentile 2 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) E. coli (CFU/100mL) 3 years and 2 months 25 0.67

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 100 Median 0 25th percentile 0

Regional Aggregate Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater area The Regional Aggregate Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater area comprises the following sites: • Breakfast Creek, Harvey Park • Jerrys Creek, Crossman Reserve, Park Road • Jerrys Creek, Mulgoa Road • Peach Tree Creek, Great Western Highway bridge • Peach Tree Creek, Penrith rail bridge • Cattai Creek, Jewitt's Property, Annangrove Road • Nepean River, Vickery Road

The aggregated data from the above sites, covers a zone in the western plains and hills draining into the freshwater reaches of the Hawkesbury Nepean River system. Landscapes are for the most part a mix of residential and rural with watercourses being low gradient. Peach Tree Creek is situated near the urban centre of Penrith. Breakfast Creek has a modified channel with instream barrier structures and is in the urbanised suburb of Marayong to the west of Blacktown. The below results could be considered as indicative of the urbanised catchment areas flowing through the Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater area. Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, Available Phosphate and Electrical Conductivity exhibited a seasonal signal in this aggregation, with Temperature exhibiting higher Summer and Winter values than the whole of program values. Dissolved Oxygen values were lower than the whole of program values. Available Phosphate values are higher than the values for the whole of program aggregation and roughly correlate with historical seasonal rainfall means. This may indicate diffuse source (fertiliser) run off in heavier rain events. Conductivity exhibited values higher than the whole of program aggregation. Seasonality of Conductivity has a crudely inverse relationship with local rainfall records where, due to dilution, higher seasonal rain correlated with lower conductivity values.

Figure 10. Map showing the ‘Regional Aggregate Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater area’ zone within the program area.

Regional Aggregate Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Water Temp (°C) 26 years and 9 months 1302 0.00

Regional aggregate Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater area

25 25.0 24 23 23.0 22 22.0 21 21.0 21.0 20 20.0 19 18 18.0 18.0 17 17.0 16 16.0 75th percentile 15 15.0 Median 14 14.0 13 13.0 25th percentile 12 12.0 Temperature oC Temperature 11 10 10.0 9 8 7 6 5 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 23 years and 10 months 1081 0.00

Regional aggregate Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater 10

8 8.1

7 7.0 7.0 6.6 6.1 6 75th percentile 5.6 5.3 5.2 5 5.0 Median 4.5 25th percentile 4 4.0 ANZECC 85% calc 3.2

3 3.0 3.0 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Oxygen Dissolved 2 2.1

0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2)

Available Phosphate PO4 (mg/L) 18 years and 4 months 895 0.00

Regional aggregate Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater 0.50

0.45

0.40

0.35 0.33 0.30 75th percentile

0.25 Median 0.25 0.25 0.24 25th percentile 0.20 0.17 ANZECC lowland 0.15 0.14 0.12 0.12 Available Phosphate mg/L Phosphate Available 0.10 0.11 0.08 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.00 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Electrical conductivity (µS/cm) 14 years and 7 months 1003 0.00

Regional aggregate Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater

1200.00

1000.00 1020 920 860 880 860 800.00 800 75th percentile 700 670 680 670 Median 600.00 540 25th percentile 490 460 480

400.00 430 Conductivity micro S/cm micro Conductivity

200.00

0.00 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) pH (pH units) 26 years and 9 months 1317 0.13

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Turbidity (NTU) 14 years and 9 months 129 0.62

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 30 NTU Median 15 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 15 FTU Median 12 FTU 25th percentile 11 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) E. coli (CFU/100mL) 7 years and 9 months 200 0.84

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 600 Median 200 25th percentile 0

Regional Aggregate Blue Mountains area The Regional Aggregate Blue Mountains area comprises the following sites: • Fitzgerald Creek below Long Angle • Lawson Creek, Ferris Lane • Lawson Creek, Waratah Street BMX track • Wentworth tributary (unnamed creek), Lawson Pool southern bridge • Leura Falls Creek Eastern tributary • Leura Falls Creek Vale st. tributary

The aggregated data from the above sites, covers a zone on the upper slopes and plateau of The Blue Mountains. Landscapes are for the most part well vegetated and include World Heritage listed areas. The Fitzgerald Creek site is the lowest of the group at 150m ASL. All sites in this aggregation could be considered as being varying degrees of peri-urban location with associated levels of disturbance. Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen exhibited a seasonal signal in this aggregation, with Temperature exhibiting lower Summer and Winter values than the whole of program values, indicative of both higher tree cover and altitude. Dissolved Oxygen values were higher than the whole of program values. Available Phosphate values are lower than the values for the whole of program aggregation. The lack of seasonality is likely due to most recorded values being close to the detection limit of equipment and/or little terrestrial supply of nutrient. Conductivity exhibited values much lower than the whole of program aggregation.

Figure 11. Map showing the ‘Regional Aggregate Blue Mountains area’ zone within the program area.

Regional Aggregate Blue Mountains area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Water Temp (°C) 14 years and 11 months 258 0.00

Regional aggregate Blue Mountains 19 18 18.0 17 17.0 17.0 16 16.0 16.0 15 15.0 15.0 14 14.0 14.0 13 75th percentile 12 12.0 12.0 Median 11 25th percentile

10 10.0 10.0 Temperature oC Temperature 9 9.0 8 8.0 7 6 5 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 14 years and 11 months 253 0.00

Regional aggregate Blue Mountains 11

10 9.7 9 8.8 8.6 8.5 8.6 8 8.2 7.5 7.6 7.4 7.6 7 7.0 6.6 6.6 6.6 75th percentile 6 6.0 Median 5 25th percentile 4 ANZECC 85% calc

3 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Oxygen Dissolved 2

0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Blue Mountains area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2)

Available Phosphate PO4 (mg/L) 10 years and 7 months 240 0.16

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.06 Median 0.04 25th percentile 0.02 ANZECC upland 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Electrical conductivity (µS/cm) 10 years and 7 months 245 0.19

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 130 Median 110 25th percentile 90 ANZECC upland 350 350 350 350 350

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) pH (pH units) 14 years and 11 months 261 0.66

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC upland 8 8 8 8 8

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Turbidity (NTU) 14 years and 11 months 247 0.17

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 10 FTU Median 7 FTU 25th percentile 4 ANZECC upland 25 25 25 25 25

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) E. coli (CFU/100mL) nil nil nil

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Regional Aggregate Parramatta River tributaries The Regional Aggregate Parramatta River tributaries comprises the following sites: • Bellbird Ck near junction of Darling Mills Ck • Blue Gum Creek above Darling Mills confluence • Darling Mills Creek Bidjigal reserve downstream • Excelsior Creek • Charity Creek, Acacia Dam, Ryde TAFE • Charity Creek, retention dam, Ryde TAFE • Middle Lalor Creek, Twin Gums Reserve, Corella Rd • Subiaco Creek Park Road

The aggregated data from the above sites, covers a zone on the northern catchment of Parramatta River, from Lalor Park in the west, to Ryde in the east. Landscapes are undulating and highly urbanised, interspersed with intentional greenspaces. The above watercourses run through ribbons of greenspace, receiving and carrying urban stormwater. The first four sites are contained within the Bidjigal Reserve which supports reasonable vegetation cover. The Charity creek sites are earthen impoundments. Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen and Conductivity exhibited a seasonal signal in this aggregation, with Temperature exhibiting similar Summer and Winter values to the whole of program values. Dissolved Oxygen values were lower and more variable than the whole of program values. Available Phosphate values are slightly lower than the values for the whole of program aggregation. Conductivity exhibited less variable, slightly lower values, in general than the whole of program aggregation. Seasonality of Conductivity has a crudely inverse relationship with local rainfall records where, due to dilution, higher seasonal rain correlated with lower conductivity values.

Figure 12. Map showing the ‘Regional Aggregate Parramatta River tributaries’ zone within the program area.

Regional Aggregate Parramatta River tributaries Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Water Temp (°C) 24 years and 4 months 845 0.00

Regional aggregate Parramatta River 24 23 23.0 22 21.5 21 20 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 19 18 18.0 17.5 17 16 16.0 75th percentile 15 15.0 15.0 14 Median 13 12.5 12 12.0 25th percentile

Temperature oC Temperature 11 11.0 10 10.0 9 8 7 6 5 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 24 years and 4 months 788 0.00

Regional aggregate Parramatta River 10

9 8.5 8 7.3 7.5 7.4 7 6.5 6 75th percentile 5.7 5.9 5.9 5.7 5 Median 4.7 25th percentile 4 4.1 4.0 ANZECC 85% calc

3 3.2 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Oxygen Dissolved 2 1.9 2.0

0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Parramatta River tributaries Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2)

Available Phosphate PO4 (mg/L) 17 years and 2 months 476 0.40

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.14 Median 0.07 25th percentile 0.03 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Electrical conductivity (µS/cm) 19 years and 1 months 679 0.00

Regional aggregate Parramatta River 1000.00

900.00

800.00

700.00

600.00 560 75th percentile 500.00 500 520 510 460 Median 440 420 420 400.00 410 25th percentile 360 360 340 330

300.00 310 320 Conductivity micro S/cm micro Conductivity 200.00

100.00

0.00 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) pH (pH units) 24 years and 4 months 837 0.05

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Regional Aggregate Parramatta River tributaries Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Turbidity (NTU) 16 years and 7 months 619 0.73

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 7 FTU Median 3 FTU 25th percentile 1 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) E. coli (CFU/100mL) nil nil nil

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 1 Northeast The Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 1 Northeast, comprises the following sites: • Glenorie Creek at Tekapo Road, Glenorie • Glenorie Creek, Glenorie 1st Scout Hall, Tekapo Road (site 4) • Glenorie Creek, Glenorie Park, Wirra Place (site 2 • Mullet Creek, upstream Garden Street bridge

The aggregated data from the above sites, covers zones in the northern area of the program. The Glenorie sites are along the urbanised, semi-rural reaches of Glenorie Creek which eventually connects to the lower Hawkesbury system, while the Mullet creek site is located in a peri-urban landscape close to Warriewood. The creek has its headwaters in bushland and semi-rural landscapes and flows into the lower section of Narrabeen Lagoon. Both zones are dominated by sandstone geology and some plateau/escarpment topology. These sites have been aggregated having similar latitudes, geology, proximity to urban centres and similar canopy cover. Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, Available Phosphate, and E. coli exhibited a seasonal signal in this aggregation, with Temperature exhibiting cooler Summer values compared to the whole of program aggregation. Dissolved Oxygen values were slightly lower but more variable than the whole of program values, with 25th percentile values being very low. Available Phosphate values are much higher than the values for the whole of program aggregation and seasonality does not appear to have a relationship to rainfall. Conductivity exhibited less variable, but similar values, in general than the whole of program aggregation. This aggregation consistently provided the highest E. coli scores from within the program area. It was also the only aggregation to exhibit seasonality. The seasonality did not have an obvious relationship to seasonal rainfall means. It may be possible that seasonal storm activity and/or infrastructure failure contributed to the seasonality.

Figure 13. Map showing the ‘Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 1 Northeast’, zones within the program area.

Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 1 Northeast Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Water Temp (°C) 21 years and 5 months 509 0.00

Regional aggregate peri-urban 1 northeast 23 22 22.0 21 20 20.0 19 19.0 18 18.0 17 17.0 17.0 16 15 15.0 15.0 75th percentile 14 14.0 14.0 Median 13 13.0 13.0 12 25th percentile

Temperature oC Temperature 11 11.0 10.5 10 9 9.0 8 7 6 5 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 21 years and 5 months 122 0.00

Regional aggregate peri-urban 1 northeast 10

9 9.1

8 7.8 8.0 7 7.0 7.2

6 6.1 6.1 5.7 75th percentile 5 Median 4.6 25th percentile 4 4.0 ANZECC 85% calc 3

Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Oxygen Dissolved 2.6 2.5 2 2.2 1.7 1 1.2

0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 1 Northeast Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2)

Available Phosphate PO4 (mg/L) 20 years and 1 months 504 0.00

Regional aggregate peri-urban 1 northeast 1.00

0.90

0.80 0.74 0.70 0.67 0.64 0.60 75th percentile 0.56 0.50 Median 0.48 0.50 0.43 25th percentile 0.40 0.41 ANZECC lowland 0.30 0.31 0.30 0.32 0.26 0.23 Available Phosphate mg/L Phosphate Available 0.20 0.17 0.19 0.10

0.00 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Electrical conductivity (µS/cm) 14 years and 10 months 507 0.31

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 540 Median 470 25th percentile 380 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) pH (pH units) 21 years and 5 months 567 0.74

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 1 Northeast Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Turbidity (NTU) 16 years and 6 months 523 0.99

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 20 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 10 FTU Median 5 FTU 25th percentile 2 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) E. coli (CFU/100mL) 7 years and 9 months 215 0.00

Regional aggregate peri-urban 1 northeast 2500

2300 2300

2000

1700 1500 1400 75th percentile 1200 Median

1000 1000 25th percentile E coli CFU/100mL coli E 700 600 500 500 300 300 300 200 200 100 0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 2 Northeast The Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 2 Northeast, comprises the following sites: • Charltons Creek, Number 1 • Still Creek at Mansfield Road • Kierans Creek, Larool Trail • Neverfail Creek, Aumuna and Coolowie Roads • Larool Creek, Wareemba Avenue • Mullet Creek at pool downstream of Irrawong Waterfall The aggregated data from the above sites, covers a zone in the northern area of the program. The sites are along reaches that are mostly first and second order streams within landscapes that could be considered bushland but encroached by urban development. These sites have a greater vegetative buffer than the peri-urban 1 sites but less so than the well vegetated north aggregation. Charltons Creek flows into Still Creek which flows into Berowra Creek on the the lower Hawkesbury system. Larool Creek also flows into Berowra Creek. Kierans and Neverfail Creeks flow into Cowan Creek on the lower Hawkesbury River and Mullet creek flows into the lower section of Narrabeen Lagoon. All sites are dominated by sandstone geology with some shale sequences exposed in gullies. These sites have been aggregated having similar latitudes, canopy cover and proximity to urbanisation. Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen and Available Phosphate exhibited a seasonal signal in this aggregation, with Temperature exhibiting cooler Summer values compared to the whole of program aggregation. Dissolved Oxygen values were higher, and less variable compared to the whole of program aggregation. Available Phosphate values are lower and less variable compared to the whole of program aggregation. Seasonality may have a relationship to mean seasonal rainfall, but this possibility should be treated cautiously as values are low and with little differentiation. Conductivity exhibited less variable, but similar values, in general compared to the whole of program aggregation.

Figure 14. Map showing the ‘Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 2 Northeast’, zone within the program area.

Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 2 Northeast Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Water Temp (°C) 23 years and 1 month 550 0.00

Regional aggregate peri-urban 2 northeast 23 22 22.0 21 20.5 20 19.5 19 19.0 19.0 18.5 18 17 17.0 16.5 16.5 16 15 15.0 75th percentile 14 14.0 Median 13 13.0 12.5 12 25th percentile

Temperature oC Temperature 11 11.0 10 10.0 9 8 7 6 5 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 23 years and 1 month 527 0.00

Regional aggregate peri-urban 2 northeast 11

10 9.9 9 8.9 9.0 8.8 8.5 8 8.0 7.8 7.6 7.4 7.3 7 6.7 6.5 6.4 6.5 75th percentile 6 Median 5.2 5 25th percentile 4 ANZECC 85% calc

3 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Oxygen Dissolved

0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 2 Northeast Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2)

Available Phosphate PO4 (mg/L) 15 years and 5 months 523 0.01

Regional aggregate peri-urban 2 northeast 0.20

0.18

0.16

0.14

0.12 75th percentile

0.10 0.10 Median 0.09 0.09 25th percentile 0.08 0.08 0.08 ANZECC lowland 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 Available Phosphate mg/L Phosphate Available 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.00 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Electrical conductivity (µS/cm) 15 years and 4 months 528 0.48

EC Dec – Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 510 Median 390 25th percentile 330 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) pH (pH units) 23 years and 1 month 553 0.21

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Regional Aggregate Peri-Urban 2 Northeast Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Turbidity (NTU) 15 years and 5 months 489 0.17

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU 75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 9 FTU Median 5 FTU 25th percentile 3 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) E. coli (CFU/100mL) 8 years and 7 months 352 0.09

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 300 Median 0 25th percentile 0

Regional Aggregate Well Vegetated Northeast The Regional Aggregate Well Vegetated Northeast, comprises the following sites: • Still Creek at Crosslands • Little Cattai Creek, Paulls Road (site 6) • Hitchcocks Spring, Old Northern Road • Little Wirreanda Creek, Camp Kedron • Wirreanda Creek, Camp Kedron • McCarrs Creek downstream confluence of Wirreanda Creek • McCarrs Creek, The Duck Holes The aggregated data from the above sites, covers a zone in the northern area of the program. The sites are along reaches that are mostly second and third order streams within landscapes that could be considered minimally impacted bushland but with some development upstream in the headwaters. These sites also have a greater vegetative buffer and cover than other sites in the northern area of the program. McCarrs Creek having minimal disturbance throughout its length. Hitchcocks Spring differs from the other sites in that it is lentic, having little flow, being part of a spring fed pond system. Temperature and DO from this site were not included in aggregation. Drainage from this system flows to the lower Hawkesbury via Layburys Creek. McCarrs and Wirreanda Creeks flow to Pittwatter. Still Creek flows into Berowra Creek on the lower Hawkesbury system. Little Cattai Creek also flows into the Hawkesbury system, near Cattai. Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen exhibited a seasonal signal in this aggregation, with Temperature exhibiting cooler and less variable values compared to the whole of program aggregation. Dissolved Oxygen values were much higher, and less variable compared to the whole of program aggregation. Available Phosphate values are lower and less variable compared to the whole of program aggregation. Conductivity exhibited much lower and less variable values, compared to the whole of program aggregation.

Figure 15. Map showing the ‘Regional Aggregate Well Vegetated Northeast’, zone within the program area.

Regional Aggregate Well Vegetated Northeast Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Water Temp (°C) 21 years and 7 months 287 0.00

Regional aggregate well vegetated northeast 25 24 23 22 21 21.0 20 20.0 19 19.0 19.0 18 18.0 18.0 17 16 16.0 75th percentile 15 15.0 15.0 Median 14 13 13.0 13.0 25th percentile 12 12.0 Temperature oC Temperature 11.5 11 10 10.0 9 9.0 8 7 6 5 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 21 years and 7 months 257 0.00

Regional aggregate well vegetated northeast

10 10.1 9.6 9.5 9 9.1 9.0 8.6 8 8.1 8.1 7.8 7.8 7.3 7 6.9 6.8 6.4 6 75th percentile 5.6 Median 5 25th percentile 4 ANZECC 85% calc

3 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Oxygen Dissolved 2

0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Well Vegetated Northeast Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2)

Available Phosphate PO4 (mg/L) 17 years and 9 months 379 0.54

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.04 Median 0.01 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Electrical conductivity (µS/cm) 15 years 365 0.13

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 280 Median 220 25th percentile 180 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) pH (pH units) 21 years and 7 months 415 0.73

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 5.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Turbidity (NTU) 16 years and 7 months 390 0.86

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 4 FTU Median 2 FTU 25th percentile 2 ANZECC lowland 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) E. coli (CFU/100mL) 8 years and 7 months 138 0.99

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 0 Median 0 25th percentile 0

Regional Aggregate Northwest area The Regional Aggregate Northwest, comprises the following sites: • Little Wheeny Creek at McMahons Park • Little Wheeny Creek at weir (between Mill Road and Oswald Park Place) • Wheeny Creek at Wheeny Reserve Wollemi NP The aggregated data from the above sites, covers a zone in the northwestern area of the program. The sites are along reaches of Wheeny creek system that drains the Mountain Lagoon area of the Blue Mountains, north of Bilpin. The Little Wheeny Creek sites are on second order reaches while the downstream site on Wheeny Creek at Wheeny Reserve Wollemi NP, is located on a third order stream reach. Wheeny creek flows into the lower Colo River which in turn flows into the Hawkesbury River. The Little Wheeny sites are located within a rural landscape supporting moderately vegetated riparian buffers. The Wheeny Creek site is located within a well vegetated eucalypt dominated landscape with good riparian corridors and canopy cover. Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen and Electrical Conductivity exhibited a seasonal signal in this aggregation, with Temperature exhibiting cooler range of values compared to the whole of program aggregation. Dissolved Oxygen values were slightly lower overall, compared to the whole of program aggregation. Available Phosphate values are much lower compared to the whole of program aggregation. The lack of seasonality may be due to most recorded values being close to the detection limit of equipment and/or little terrestrial supply of nutrient. Conductivity exhibited much lower and less variable values, compared to the whole of program aggregation. Seasonality may display weak correlation with seasonal mean rainfall but between season variability is too low to be confident of this.

Figure 16. Map showing the ‘Regional Aggregate Northwest area’, zone within the program area.

Regional Aggregate Northwest area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Water Temp (°C) 9 years and 6 months 272 0.00

Regional aggregate Northwest 22 21 21.0 20 20.0 19 19.0 18 18.0 18.0 17 17.0 16 15 15.0 75th percentile 14 14.0 14.0 13 13.0 Median 12 25th percentile 11 11.0 Temperature oC Temperature 10 10.0 9 9.0 8 8.0 7 7.0 6 5 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 9 years and 6 months 271 0.00

Regional aggregate Northwest 11

9 9.0

8 7.8 7.8 7.4 7.5 7 6.7 6.6 75th percentile 6 6.1 5.7 Median 5.1 5.2 5 25th percentile 4.4 4.3 4 3.8 3.9 ANZECC 85% calc

3 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Oxygen Dissolved

0 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Northwest area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2)

Available Phosphate PO4 (mg/L) 9 years and 6 months 271 0.61

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.05 Median 0.02 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Electrical conductivity (µS/cm) 9 years and 6 months 230 0.04

Regional aggregate Northwest 450.00

400.00

350.00

300.00

250.00 75th percentile

210 210 Median 200.00 200 190 190 180 170 170 170 25th percentile 160 150.00 150 150 140 140 140

Conductivity micro S/cm micro Conductivity 100.00

50.00

0.00 DEC - FEB MAR - MAY JUN - AUG SEP - NOV ANNUAL

Regional Aggregate Northwest area Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) pH (pH units) 9 years and 6 months 272 0.63

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) Turbidity (NTU) 9 years and 6 months 270 0.99

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 7 FTU Median 5 FTU 25th percentile 3 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

Parameter Period Records (n) Seasonal P (Chi2) E. coli (CFU/100mL) 7 years and 9 months 265 0.26

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 100 Median 0 25th percentile 0

Sites: Southern area The Illawarra Grammar School - American Creek, Cordeaux Road Lat: -34.437540 Long: 150.837410 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 21.5 18.0 12.0 19.0 18.0 Median 21.0 15.0 10.5 15.0 15.0 25th percentile 20.0 13.0 9.5 14.0 11.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 9.5 9.6 9.9 9.3 9.7 Median 8.6 8.8 9.4 8.7 9.0 25th percentile 7.5 8.3 8.9 8.1 8.5 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.6 9.5 8.6 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.08 Median 0.04 25th percentile 0.02 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 470 Median 420 25th percentile 370 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 8.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 7 FTU Median 6 FTU 25th percentile 5 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 300 Median 100 25th percentile 0

Wollondilly Anglican College – Bargo River, Kiah Ridge, Bargo River Road Bridge Lat: -34.236786 Long: 150.579398 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 23.0 20.0 12.0 21.0 21.0 Median 23.0 18.5 10.5 19.0 18.0 25th percentile 21.0 14.0 9.0 15.0 12.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.8 8.4 9.3 8.2 8.6 Median 6.6 7.1 8.8 7.8 7.6 25th percentile 5.9 6.3 8.0 7.2 6.4 ANZECC 85% calc 7.3 7.9 9.5 7.9 8.0

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.04 Median 0.01 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 240 Median 220 25th percentile 170 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Bargo River, Potholes crossing, Rockford Bridge Lat: -34.250060 Long: 150.606180 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 25.0 22.0 13.0 21.0 22.0 Median 24.5 19.5 12.0 18.5 17.5 25th percentile 22.0 15.0 10.0 15.5 13.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.6 7.7 9.0 8.0 7.9 Median 5.9 6.8 7.6 7.6 7.1 25th percentile 5.5 6.2 7.1 6.8 6.5 ANZECC 85% calc 7.1 7.8 9.2 7.9 8.1

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.13 Median 0.08 25th percentile 0.04 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 1320 Median 1020 25th percentile 570 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 8.0 Median 8.0 25th percentile 7.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Yallah TAFE – Duck Creek Lat: -34.528210 Long: 150.772540 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 19.0 10.0 16.0 17.0 Median 20.0 17.0 9.5 16.0 14.0 25th percentile 19.0 13.0 9.0 14.0 11.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 5.8 Median 4.2 25th percentile 3.0 ANZECC 85% calc 7.7 8.2 9.7 8.4 8.8

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.18 Median 0.12 25th percentile 0.06 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 700 770 1260 790 Median 500 570 670 990 570 25th percentile 420 510 490 780 520 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Campbelltown Bushcare – Menangle Creek, Northern Dam Noorumba Reserve Lat: -34.115850 Long: 150.791000 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 23.5 21.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 Median 23.0 18.0 9.5 17.5 17.0 25th percentile 23.0 15.0 8.5 15.0 11.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 5.0 3.7 7.1 6.2 5.9 Median 3.4 2.1 4.8 5.6 4.2 25th percentile 1.9 1.3 3.5 2.9 2.1 ANZECC 85% calc 7.3 8.0 9.7 8.1 8.2

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.13 Median 0.06 25th percentile 0.03 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 180 Median 160 25th percentile 130 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 6.5 Median 6.0 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 20 NTU Median 15 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Sites: Hacking River Royal national park NPWS – Hacking River, McKells Avenue Lat: -34.154210 Long: 151.028630 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 21.0 19.0 12.0 18.0 19.5 Median 20.5 18.5 10.5 14.0 16.5 25th percentile 18.5 16.0 9.0 13.0 12.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.5 8.6 9.7 8.4 8.9 Median 5.9 6.3 9.1 8.0 7.9 25th percentile 5.0 5.8 9.0 7.0 6.2 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 7.9 9.5 8.8 8.3

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.05 Median 0.02 25th percentile 0.01 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 360 Median 280 25th percentile 250 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Hacking River, Otford Road Causeway Lat: -34.210908 Long: 150.999642 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 21.0 19.0 12.0 18.0 19.5 Median 20.5 18.5 10.5 14.0 16.5 25th percentile 18.5 16.0 9.0 13.0 12.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.9 8.3 10.2 8.8 8.9 Median 7.2 7.2 9.4 8.4 8.1 25th percentile 6.6 7.0 8.6 8.0 7.1 ANZECC 85% calc 7.7 7.8 9.6 8.7 8.3

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.07 Median 0.04 25th percentile 0.02 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 260 Median 240 25th percentile 230 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 8 FTU Median 6 FTU 25th percentile 3 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Hacking River, Red Cedar Flat Lat: -34.184049 Long: 151.018538 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.5 21.0 11.5 17.5 20.0 Median 20.0 19.5 10.0 14.5 17.0 25th percentile 18.5 18.5 9.0 14.0 12.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.9 9.1 10.0 8.9 9.2 Median 7.4 8.5 9.8 8.5 8.5 25th percentile 7.1 7.7 9.2 6.5 7.5 ANZECC 85% calc 7.7 7.8 9.6 8.7 8.2

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.05 Median 0.03 25th percentile 0.01 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 390 Median 320 25th percentile 280 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Kangaroo Creek, Allambie Flat Lat: -34.073952 Long: 151.054036 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 25.5 23.0 13.0 19.0 23.0 Median 24.0 22.5 11.0 17.0 19.0 25th percentile 23.0 21.0 10.5 15.0 14.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 5.9 6.4 8.7 7.3 7.6 Median 5.7 5.9 8.4 7.0 6.3 25th percentile 5.2 5.4 7.6 6.3 5.7 ANZECC 85% calc 7.1 7.3 9.4 8.2 7.9

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.03 Median 0.01 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 220 Median 180 25th percentile 150 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Wattamolla Lagoon, near palm tree Lat: -34.137570 Long: 151.115420 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 25.0 25.0 15.0 20.0 23.5 Median 23.5 23.5 14.0 20.0 20.0 25th percentile 21.0 20.0 11.5 19.0 18.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.9 7.2 9.3 7.7 8.1 Median 6.4 6.6 8.6 7.4 7.2 25th percentile 5.8 5.8 8.3 6.5 6.3 ANZECC 85% calc 7.2 7.2 8.8 7.7 7.7

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.04 Median 0.02 25th percentile 0.01 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile Not Median applicable 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 8.0 Median 8.0 25th percentile 8.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Kyogle Bushcare Group – Kyogle Creek, Northwest Arm Road Lat: -34.056651 Long: 151.076383 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 21.5 21.5 13.0 17.5 20.0 Median 20.0 18.0 12.0 16.0 17.0 25th percentile 20.0 17.0 11.0 15.0 14.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.9 Median 6.3 25th percentile 5.2 ANZECC 85% calc 7.7 8.0 9.2 8.4 8.2

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.06 Median 0.04 25th percentile 0.02 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 420 Median 320 25th percentile 300 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Sites: Botany Bay area Blakehurst High School – Blakehurst HS Below courts Lat: -33.980620 Long: 151.115120 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 25.0 20.0 17.5 23.0 22.0 Median 23.5 18.0 15.5 21.5 18.5 25th percentile 21.5 17.5 14.5 21.0 17.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.9 6.4 6.8 7.0 7.0 Median 6.6 5.0 2.0 7.0 7.0 25th percentile 5.4 2.3 1.5 6.6 6.6 ANZECC 85% calc 7.2 8.0 8.5 7.5 7.9

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.13 Median 0.08 25th percentile 0.04 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 340 290 320 450 340 Median 320 260 280 310 290 25th percentile 280 250 240 290 260 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 20 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Blakehurst HS, West Street Reserve Lat: -33.979070 Long: 151.113566 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 24.5 23.0 16.5 22.0 22.0 Median 23.0 19.0 15.5 18.0 18.0 25th percentile 22.0 17.9 13.5 17.0 16.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.7 5.6 7.1 7.8 6.8 Median 6.2 3.6 2.1 7.1 4.8 25th percentile 5.8 1.7 1.0 6.0 1.6 ANZECC 85% calc 7.3 7.9 8.5 8.0 8.0

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.13 Median 0.07 25th percentile 0.04 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 880 730 660 750 740 Median 750 660 600 690 660 25th percentile 650 580 540 550 560 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 8.0 8.0 7.7 7.5 8.00 Median 7.5 7.8 7.0 7.0 7.00 25th percentile 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.00 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 40 NTU Median 15 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Bronte Gully - Bronte Gully below waterfall Lat: -33.901587 Long: 151.263340 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.5 22.5 16.5 22.5 22.5 Median 22.5 20.0 15.0 19.0 19.5 25th percentile 21.0 18.5 15.0 18.0 18.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.5 Median 6.7 25th percentile 5.9 ANZECC 85% calc 7.3 7.7 8.6 7.9 7.8

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.29 Median 0.19 25th percentile 0.13 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 420 Median 380 25th percentile 360 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Bronte Gully above filter blocks Lat: -33.902078 Long: 151.265148 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 23.0 21.5 17.4 22.5 22.0 Median 22.5 20.0 16.8 20.0 20.0 25th percentile 21.0 18.5 15.5 18.9 18.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 8.2 Median 7.4 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC 85% calc 7.3 7.7 8.2 7.7 7.7

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.16 Median 0.08 25th percentile 0.02 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 360 420 390 350 370 Median 330 360 370 340 340 25th percentile 320 350 340 320 330 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Laperouse Coastcare – Happy Valley Creek, Botany Bay National Park Lat: -33.985464 Long: 151.235442 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.0 19.5 14.0 17.0 18.5 Median 21.0 17.5 13.0 16.5 17.0 25th percentile 20.5 16.5 12.9 15.5 15.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.9 Median 6.8 25th percentile 4.6 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.1 9.0 8.3 8.2

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.20 Median 0.12 25th percentile 0.07 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 460 Median 420 25th percentile 410 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 6.0 Median 6.0 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Insufficient Median data 25th percentile

Sites: Lower Georges River area Myles Dunphy Bushland Group – Dairy Creek, Cromdale Road Lat: -33.973087 Long: 151.070005

Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 20.0 11.0 21.5 20.0 Median 20.5 14.0 9.5 17.5 13.0 25th percentile 12.8 8.0 13.0 11.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.0 Median 5.9 25th percentile 3.1 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.8 9.7 8.1 9.0

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.18 Median 0.08 25th percentile 0.05 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 870 Median 720 25th percentile 540 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.0 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8 Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 25 NTU Median 15 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 26 FTU Median 13 FTU 25th percentile 10 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 100 Median 100 25th percentile 100

Gungah Bay tributary (unnamed), Mulga Rd drain Lat: -33.980776 Long: 151.077664

Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 21.5 19.0 14.0 16.5 17.0 Median 20.5 16.5 13.0 15.5 15.0 25th percentile 19.0 15.0 11.5 14.5 13.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 4.6 6.8 8.2 7.0 7.4 Median 4.0 5.6 7.1 5.4 6.2 25th percentile 3.3 4.0 6.1 5.0 4.4 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.3 9.0 8.5 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.19 0.13 0.10 0.08 0.12 Median 0.15 0.10 0.06 0.04 0.07 25th percentile 0.11 0.06 0.05 0.02 0.05 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 650 Median 560 25th percentile 370 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 30 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 10 FTU Median 8 FTU 25th percentile 6 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median Insufficient data 25th percentile

Gungah Bay tributary (unnamed), Oatley shops inlet Lat: -33.982286 Long: 151.077443 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 18.0 13.5 16.5 16.0 Median 22.0 16.0 12.0 15.0 14.0 25th percentile 21.5 15.5 11.0 14.0 12.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.9 Median 7.1 25th percentile 6.2 ANZECC 85% calc 7.4 8.4 9.2 8.6 8.8

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.09 Median 0.07 25th percentile 0.04 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 420 Median 400 25th percentile 350 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 7 FTU Median 4 FTU 25th percentile 1 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median Insufficient data 25th percentile

Liverpool Bushcare – Elouera Reserve Cabramatta Creek Lat: -33.921302 Long: 150.903220 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.5 18.0 11.0 20.0 20.0 Median 21.0 15.8 11.0 18.5 16.0 25th percentile 20.3 14.0 10.0 15.5 11.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 4.4 5.5 6.5 4.2 5.7 Median 3.3 4.8 6.0 2.8 4.7 25th percentile 1.9 3.8 5.4 2.4 3.3 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.4 9.4 7.9 8.4

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.12 Median 0.09 25th percentile 0.06 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 1340 Median 1110 25th percentile 730 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual

75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8 Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual

NTU75th percentile 40 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 18 FTU Median 2 FTU 25th percentile 1 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

Jannali Reserve Bushcare group – Tudar road, constructed wetland pontoon Lat: -34.021005 Long: 151.057989 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 21.5 18.0 12.5 18.5 22.0 Median 21.0 15.0 11.5 17.5 19.0 25th percentile 20.0 13.5 10.5 14.5 16.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.3 Median 4.4 25th percentile 3.1 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.6 9.3 8.1 7.9

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.06 Median 0.03 25th percentile 0.01 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 330 Median 280 25th percentile 250 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual

75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8 Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual

NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

Sites: Hawkesbury Nepean freshwater area St Andrews College – Breakfast Creek, Harvey Park Lat: -33.745990 Long: 150.888430 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 26.0 21.5 14.0 22.0 22.0 Median 24.0 18.0 12.0 20.0 18.0 25th percentile 23.5 15.0 10.0 18.0 13.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 5.4 5.4 7.9 6.1 6.7 Median 3.8 4.0 6.5 4.2 4.9 25th percentile 2.3 2.3 5.1 2.9 3.3 ANZECC 85% calc 7.1 8.0 9.2 7.7 8.0

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.49 0.23 0.20 0.23 0.24 Median 0.23 0.12 0.11 0.15 0.14 25th percentile 0.11 0.08 0.07 0.10 0.08 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 1180 Median 940 25th percentile 730 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 2800 Median 800 25th percentile 300

Wallacia Streamwatch – Jerrys Creek, Crossman Reserve, Park Road Lat: -33.867707 Long: 150.645033 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 21.5 18.0 10.0 17.0 19.0 Median 20.0 15.0 9.0 15.5 15.0 25th percentile 19.5 12.5 8.0 12.5 10.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 2.3 3.0 4.4 2.0 3.1 Median 1.3 2.2 3.1 1.1 2.0 25th percentile 0.5 1.1 2.1 0.7 1.0 ANZECC 85% calc 7.7 8.6 9.8 8.5 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.19 0.11 0.08 0.15 0.13 Median 0.10 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.06 25th percentile 0.06 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.04 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 950 Median 700 25th percentile 480 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 40 40 15 40 40 NTU Median 30 30 10 30 20 NTU 25th percentile 20 15 10 15 15 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 400 Median 200 25th percentile 0

Jerrys Creek, Mulgoa Road Lat: -33.861640 Long: 150.643280 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.5 18.0 10.0 17.5 18.0 Median 20.5 15.5 9.0 16.0 14.5 25th percentile 19.0 13.5 8.0 12.5 10.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 4.1 4.1 5.3 3.6 4.3 Median 1.8 3.1 4.0 2.2 3.2 25th percentile 1.7 2.1 3.2 1.5 1.9 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.5 9.8 8.4 8.7

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.26 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.10 Median 0.13 0.08 0.04 0.05 0.07 25th percentile 0.09 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 1070 Median 770 25th percentile 620 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 20 NTU Median 15 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 300 Median 100 25th percentile 0

Nepean River, Vickery Road Lat: -33.909390 Long: 150.639470 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 27.0 23.0 12.5 24.0 25.0 Median 26.0 19.0 11.5 19.0 19.0 25th percentile 25.0 15.5 11.0 16.5 13.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.6 7.6 9.2 8.7 8.6 Median 7.1 7.4 8.6 7.7 7.6 25th percentile 5.7 6.3 7.9 6.6 6.5 ANZECC 85% calc 6.9 7.9 9.3 7.9 7.9

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.06 Median 0.03 25th percentile 0.01 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 740 430 590 660 610 Median 380 310 310 580 350 25th percentile 320 230 260 350 280 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 200 Median 100 25th percentile 0

Penrith High School – Peach Tree Creek, Great Western Highway bridge Lat: -33.749010 Long: 150.684882 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 24.0 21.5 13.0 20.0 21.0 Median 23.0 19.0 11.0 17.0 17.0 25th percentile 21.0 15.0 10.0 15.0 13.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 5.0 5.4 8.5 6.6 6.9 Median 3.8 4.0 7.0 5.0 5.2 25th percentile 2.0 3.0 6.0 3.0 3.2 ANZECC 85% calc 7.3 7.9 9.4 8.2 8.2

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.46 0.33 0.18 0.26 0.30 Median 0.27 0.21 0.09 0.17 0.16 25th percentile 0.10 0.12 0.05 0.07 0.07 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 770 880 990 750 860 Median 510 610 690 570 580 25th percentile 320 480 500 360 430 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 30 NTU Median 15 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Peach Tree Creek, Penrith rail bridge Lat: - -33.747860 Long: 150.685406 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 24.5 22.0 13.5 21.0 22.0 Median 23.0 19.0 12.0 17.5 17.0 25th percentile 22.0 15.0 10.0 16.0 13.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 5.6 6.7 8.6 7.0 7.5 Median 4.1 5.0 7.4 6.0 6.0 25th percentile 2.8 4.0 6.2 4.0 4.2 ANZECC 85% calc 7.3 7.9 9.2 8.1 8.2

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.39 0.35 0.32 0.35 0.35 Median 0.29 0.23 0.15 0.24 0.22 25th percentile 0.19 0.11 0.09 0.13 0.10 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 730 820 1040 750 850 Median 520 600 690 550 570 25th percentile 410 450 490 350 420 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 30 NTU Median 15 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Cattai Catchment Landcare – Cattai Creek, Jewitt's Property, Annangrove Road Lat: -33.659820 Long: 150.933603 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 25.0 23.0 15.0 20.0 23.0 Median 24.0 20.0 14.0 18.0 18.0 25th percentile 23.0 17.0 13.0 17.0 15.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 5.3 6.6 8.5 6.7 7.0 Median 4.7 6.0 7.4 5.9 5.9 25th percentile 4.1 4.8 6.9 4.5 4.6 ANZECC 85% calc 7.1 7.7 8.8 8.0 8.0

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.05 Median 0.03 25th percentile 0.01 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 850 Median 770 25th percentile 670 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 30 30 20 30 30 NTU Median 30 30 20 20 20 NTU 25th percentile 20 20 15 20 15 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 200 Median 100 25th percentile 0

Sites: Blue Mountains area Fitzgerald Creek Streamwatch – Fitzgerald Creek Below Long Angle Lat: -33.710450 Long: 150.623900 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 18.8 18.0 10.0 18.0 18.0 Median 17.5 17.0 10.0 16.0 15.0 25th percentile 13.5 16.0 9.0 13.8 10.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 8.8 Median 7.0 25th percentile 5.9 ANZECC 85% calc 7.1 7.7 8.8 8.0 8.0

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.12 Median 0.06 25th percentile 0.02 ANZECC upland 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 200 190 210 240 210 Median 180 190 200 220 200 25th percentile 160 170 190 210 180 ANZECC upland 350 350 350 350 350

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC upland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC upland 25 25 25 25 25

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Lawson Streamwatch Group – Lawson Creek, Ferris Lane Lat: -33.725300 Long: 150.435270 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 17.5 15.5 9.5 15.0 15.0 Median 16.0 15.0 8.5 12.0 13.5 25th percentile 15.0 11.8 8.0 10.0 10.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.0 7.5 8.5 7.7 8.0 Median 6.3 7.1 8.3 7.1 7.1 25th percentile 5.7 6.6 7.9 7.0 6.4 ANZECC 85% calc 8.4 8.6 9.9 9.2 8.9

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.05 Median 0.03 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC upland 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 130 Median 110 25th percentile 110 ANZECC upland 350 350 350 350 350

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC upland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC upland 25 25 25 25 25

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Lawson Creek, Waratah Street BMX track Lat: -33.723280 Long: 150.433240 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 18.0 17.0 10.5 16.0 17.0 Median 17.5 15.0 10.0 14.5 15.0 25th percentile 16.0 12.0 9.0 12.7 11.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.7 7.4 8.9 8.0 8.0 Median 6.1 6.7 8.0 6.8 6.7 25th percentile 5.0 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.7 ANZECC 85% calc 8.1 8.6 9.6 8.7 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.05 Median 0.03 25th percentile 0.01 ANZECC upland 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 120 Median 120 25th percentile 110 ANZECC upland 350 350 350 350 350

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC upland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC upland 25 25 25 25 25

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Wentworth tributary (unnamed creek), Lawson Pool southern bridge Lat: -33.718240 Long: 150.426190 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 20.0 17.0 10.5 18.0 18.0 Median 18.0 15.0 9.0 16.0 15.0 25th percentile 17.5 13.0 8.0 14.0 11.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 8.9 Median 8 25th percentile 7.1 ANZECC 85% calc 8.4 8.6 9.9 9.2 8.9

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.06 Median 0.03 25th percentile 0.02 ANZECC upland 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459 0.0459

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 110 Median 100 25th percentile 80 ANZECC upland 350 350 350 350 350

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC upland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC upland 25 25 25 25 25

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Sites: Parramatta River tributaries Bidjiwong Nursery Group – Bellbird Ck near junction of Darling Mills Ck Lat: -33.758946 Long: 151.019390 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 20.0 17.0 11.0 16.0 19.0 Median 19.0 16.0 10.0 15.0 15.0 25th percentile 19.0 13.5 10.0 14.0 11.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.3 Median 6.5 25th percentile 5.6 ANZECC 85% calc 7.9 8.4 9.6 8.6 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.06 Median 0.04 25th percentile 0.01 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 490 Median 400 25th percentile 310 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Blue Gum Creek above Darling Mills confluence Lat: -33.761600 Long: 151.024880 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 20.0 17.5 11.0 17.0 18.0 Median 19.0 15.0 10.0 15.0 15.0 25th percentile 18.0 13.5 10.0 14.5 11.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.8 Median 5.9 25th percentile 4.7 ANZECC 85% calc 7.9 8.4 9.6 8.6 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.10 Median 0.05 25th percentile 0.03 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 570 Median 440 25th percentile 340 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Darling Mills Creek Bidjigal reserve downstream Lat: -33.761490 Long: 151.009550 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 20.0 19.0 11.0 18.0 19.0 Median 20.0 17.0 10.0 15.0 15.0 25th percentile 19.0 13.5 9.5 15.0 11.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.4 6.0 7.9 8.1 7.5 Median 5.5 4.9 7.5 7.2 6.5 25th percentile 4.0 3.8 6.9 5.4 5.0 ANZECC 85% calc 7.7 8.2 9.6 8.6 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.07 Median 0.04 25th percentile 0.02 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 550 Median 450 25th percentile 310 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Excelsior Creek Lat: -33.759000 Long: 151.010590 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 20.0 19.0 11.0 17.5 19.0 Median 19.5 15.5 10.0 15.0 15.0 25th percentile 19.0 13.5 10.0 14.5 12.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.2 6.1 8.2 8.1 7.1 Median 6.1 4.7 7.2 6.8 6.4 25th percentile 5.1 3.0 6.5 5.3 5.3 ANZECC 85% calc 7.8 8.5 9.6 8.6 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.09 Median 0.05 25th percentile 0.03 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 590 Median 490 25th percentile 330 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 20 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Ryde TAFE – Charity Creek, Acacia Dam, Ryde TAFE Lat: -33.808800 Long: 151.100200 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.5 20.0 12.5 19.0 20.0 Median 21.0 18.0 11.0 17.0 17.0 25th percentile 20.0 15.0 10.0 15.0 12.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 5.3 6.3 8.8 8.4 7.8 Median 3.7 5.2 8.0 6.6 6.1 25th percentile 1.5 1.9 6.7 4.3 3.3 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.0 9.4 8.2 8.2

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.52 0.39 0.30 0.38 0.39 Median 0.28 0.24 0.13 0.21 0.22 25th percentile 0.15 0.12 0.06 0.07 0.08 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 400 460 510 500 470 Median 350 390 430 400 390 25th percentile 250 330 350 330 310 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 2 FTU Median 1 FTU 25th percentile 0 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Charity Creek, retention dam, Ryde TAFE Lat: -33.807234 Long: 151.101996 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 23.0 21.0 11.0 20.0 21.5 Median 22.5 17.5 10.0 18.0 17.5 25th percentile 21.0 15.0 8.5 15.0 12.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 4.6 4.5 7.8 7.2 6.4 Median 3.2 2.0 5.9 4.8 3.7 25th percentile 1.5 1.3 2.7 2.9 2.0 ANZECC 85% calc 7.3 8.1 9.6 8.0 8.1

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.20 Median 0.10 25th percentile 0.05 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 490 Median 410 25th percentile 320 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 7 FTU Median 5 FTU 25th percentile 3 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Seven Hills High School – Middle Lalor Creek, Twin Gums Reserve, Corella Rd Lat: -33.761538 Long: 150.939391 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 26.0 21.0 14.0 23.0 20.0 Median 22.5 18.0 12.0 20.0 16.0 25th percentile 21.0 15.0 11.0 17.0 12.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 5.9 7.6 8.9 7.1 7.7 Median 5.7 6.2 7.4 5.1 6.3 25th percentile 3.9 4.3 6.3 3.7 4.5 ANZECC 85% calc 7.3 8.0 9.2 7.7 8.4

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.19 Median 0.08 25th percentile 0.04 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 910 Median 710 25th percentile 500 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Mitsubishi Electric Australia – Subiaco Creek Park Road Lat: -33.809025 Long: 151.042830 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 24.5 17.0 12.9 20.5 20.0 Median 23.0 15.0 12.0 18.0 15.0 25th percentile 21.0 15.0 10.5 15.0 12.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.7 Median 6.9 25th percentile 5.3 ANZECC 85% calc 7.3 8.6 9.2 8.0 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.08 Median 0.06 25th percentile 0.03 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 710 Median 540 25th percentile 400 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 10 FTU Median 9 FTU 25th percentile 0 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

Sites: Peri-Urban 1 Northeast Glenorie Environment and Creative Arts Centre – Glenorie Creek at Tekapo Road, Glenorie Lat: -33.598138 Long: 151.009965 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 20.5 20.0 14.0 17.5 17.5 Median 18.0 16.5 10.0 15.0 14.5 25th percentile 17.5 14.5 10.0 12.5 11.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile Median insufficient data 25th percentile ANZECC 85% calc 8.0 8.3 9.6 8.6 8.7

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.57 0.68 0.48 0.60 0.60 Median 0.51 0.53 0.28 0.41 0.41 25th percentile 0.33 0.27 0.18 0.27 0.21 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 550 Median 470 25th percentile 370 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 30 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli (CFU⁄100ml) Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 2100 Median 1000 25th percentile 300

Glenorie Creek, Glenorie 1st Scout Hall, Tekapo Road (site 4) Lat: -33.594890 Long: 151.009110 Temperature °C Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 23.0 18.0 12.0 17.0 15.0 Median 21.0 15.0 10.0 14.5 13.0 25th percentile 18.5 11.5 8.0 12.0 10.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 9.0 Median 7.7 25th percentile 6.3 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.6 9.6 8.7 9.0

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.41 Median 0.29 25th percentile 0.19 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 540 Median 480 25th percentile 420 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli (CFU⁄100ml) Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 600 Median 200 25th percentile 100

Glenorie Creek, Glenorie Park, Wirra Place (site 2) Lat: -33.599750 Long: 151.010300 Temperature °C Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 22.5 19.0 13.0 16.0 16.0 Median 18.0 15.0 10.5 15.0 14.0 25th percentile 16.5 13.0 9.0 13.0 11.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 5.4 6.5 2.2 3.8 Median 4.7 2.9 1.8 2.1 25th percentile 3.5 2.3 0.4 1.7 ANZECC 85% calc 8.0 8.6 9.5 8.6 8.8

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.76 1.04 0.79 0.83 0.95 Median 0.40 0.73 0.50 0.56 0.56 25th percentile 0.28 0.45 0.31 0.33 0.35 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 560 Median 490 25th percentile 400 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 20 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli (CFU⁄100ml) Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 1900 Median 800 25th percentile 300

Pittwater Streamwatch – Mullet Creek, upstream Garden Street bridge Lat: -33.693841 Long: 151.288495 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.5 20.0 12.5 19.0 20.0 Median 21.0 19.0 11.0 17.0 17.0 25th percentile 20.0 16.0 10.0 15.0 13.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 2.6 3.5 6.7 6.7 5.3 Median 1.4 1.9 5.2 5.2 2.5 25th percentile 1.1 0.7 3.4 3.4 1.5 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 7.9 9.4 8.2 8.2

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.26 0.34 0.07 0.17 0.18 Median 0.15 0.17 0.04 0.07 0.08 25th percentile 0.09 0.09 0.04 0.02 0.04 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 420 440 300 340 360 Median 370 340 290 320 320 25th percentile 350 280 250 300 280 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 6.3 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 7 FTU Median 3 FTU 25th percentile 2 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli (CFU⁄100ml) Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

100

Sites: Peri-Urban 2 Northeast Still Creek Landcare Group – Charltons Creek Number 1 Lat: -33.640910 Long: 151.077714 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 21.0 17.5 11.5 15.0 19.0 Median 19.5 17.0 10.5 14.0 15.0 25th percentile 18.5 14.5 9.5 12.0 12.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 8.5 8.9 10.7 10.0 9.7 Median 7.0 8.5 9.5 8.8 8.6 25th percentile 5.0 6.5 8.8 7.5 7.1 ANZECC 85% calc 7.8 8.2 9.5 8.8 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.06 Median 0.03 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 380 370 360 390 370 Median 360 360 340 370 360 25th percentile 330 310 310 350 320 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 17 6 5 8 9 FTU Median 9 6 5 4 5 FTU 25th percentile 7 4 3 3 3 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 0 Median 0 25th percentile 0

101

Still Creek at Mansfield Road Lat: -33.635400 Long: 151.061610 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 23.0 18.0 11.0 19.0 19.5 Median 21.0 16.0 10.0 17.0 16.0 25th percentile 19.8 12.3 9.5 15.0 11.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 8.2 8.9 11.0 9.3 9.5 Median 7.2 8.0 9.7 8.2 8.4 25th percentile 6.3 7.6 9.1 7.5 7.4 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.4 9.6 8.2 8.4

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.05 Median 0.02 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 620 Median 490 25th percentile 380 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 0 Median 0 25th percentile 0

102

Cowan Catchment Streamwatch Group – Kierans Creek, Larool Trail Lat: -33.689720 Long: 151.216257 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 24.3 20.0 14.0 20.5 22.0 Median 23.0 19.0 13.5 18.0 19.0 25th percentile 22.0 17.0 12.5 17.0 16.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 8.0 Median 7.1 25th percentile 6.7 ANZECC 85% calc 7.3 7.9 8.9 8.0 7.9

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.16 Median 0.11 25th percentile 0.06 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 430 Median 400 25th percentile 370 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 14 FTU Median 2 FTU 25th percentile 0 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 700 Median 400 25th percentile 200

103

Neverfail Creek, Aumuna and Coolowie Roads Lat: -33.686220 Long: 151.213540 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.0 20.0 15.0 19.0 21.0 Median 21.0 19.0 14.0 17.0 17.0 25th percentile 20.0 15.0 11.0 15.5 15.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.3 7.9 10.0 9.0 8.9 Median 6.0 7.3 8.9 8.1 7.6 25th percentile 4.4 6.0 7.6 7.2 6.0 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 7.9 8.8 8.2 8.2

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.12 Median 0.06 25th percentile 0.04 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 400 Median 370 25th percentile 330 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 32 FTU Median 9 FTU 25th percentile 2 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 600 Median 200 25th percentile 0

104

Larool Creek Bushcare Group - Larool Creek, Wareemba Avenue Lat: -33.714245 Long: 151.082820 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.0 18.5 12.0 18.5 19.5 Median 20.0 17.0 11.0 16.5 16.5 25th percentile 19.5 15.0 10.0 14.5 13.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.2 7.9 9.1 8.3 8.3 Median 5.7 6.8 8.3 7.1 7.1 25th percentile 5.1 5.7 7.7 5.6 5.6 ANZECC 85% calc 7.7 8.2 9.4 8.3 8.3

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.10 Median 0.07 25th percentile 0.04 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec – Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 560 Median 4500 25th percentile 350 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU 75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 8 FTU Median 4 FTU 25th percentile 3 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 800 Median 400 25th percentile 200

105

Pittwater Streamwatch – Mullet Creek at pool downstream of Irrawong Waterfall Lat: -33.690810 Long: 151.282030 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.0 19.5 11.0 18.5 19.0 Median 21.5 18.0 10.0 15.0 15.0 25th percentile 20.0 15.5 9.5 14.0 11.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.9 7.7 10.4 8.8 9.3 Median 6.1 6.5 9.7 8.1 7.9 25th percentile 3.3 4.8 8.6 7.5 6.7 ANZECC 85% calc 7.5 8.0 9.6 8.6 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.05 Median 0.02 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 320 Median 310 25th percentile 280 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.5 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 9 FTU Median 4 FTU 25th percentile 2 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

106

Sites: Well Vegetated Northeast Still Creek Landcare Group - Still Creek at Crosslands Lat: -33.629100 Long: 151.102030 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 19.5 17.5 11.5 15.0 18.0 Median 19.0 16.5 10.0 14.0 15.0 25th percentile 18.0 13.0 8.5 12.0 11.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 8.7 9.7 11.0 9.9 10.0 Median 7.4 8.6 10.1 8.1 8.8 25th percentile 6.3 7.3 9.5 7.5 7.4 ANZECC 85% calc 7.9 8.3 9.6 8.8 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.04 Median 0.02 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 390 360 330 390 360 Median 340 340 290 350 330 25th percentile 280 260 250 310 280 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 7.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 4 2 5 2 3 FTU Median 3 2 2 2 2 FTU 25th percentile 3 1 1 1 1 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 0 Median 0 25th percentile 0

107

Glenorie Environment and Creative Arts Centre - Little Cattai Creek, Paulls Road (site 6) Lat: -33.506290 Long: 150.980810 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.0 19.8 12.0 20.0 20.0 Median 20.0 16.0 9.5 16.0 16.0 25th percentile 18.0 11.5 9.0 14.0 12.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 9.8 Median 8.4 25th percentile 6.3 ANZECC 85% calc 7.7 8.4 9.7 8.4 8.4

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.13 Median 0.07 25th percentile 0.03 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 200 210 210 240 210 Median 190 190 200 210 200 25th percentile 170 180 190 210 190 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 100 Median 0 25th percentile 0

108

Eastbend Rural Communications – Hitchcocks Spring, Old Northern Road Lat: -33.467183 Long: 151.011177 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 20.0 19.0 15.5 18.0 19.0 Median 19.0 17.5 15.0 17.0 17.0 25th percentile 18.5 16.5 14.0 16.0 15.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 5.4 6.1 6.4 6.5 6.2 Median 5.0 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.3 25th percentile 4.5 4.8 5.1 4.9 4.8 ANZECC 85% calc 7.9 8.1 8.6 8.2 8.2

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.03 Median 0.01 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 220 Median 190 25th percentile 160 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 5.0 Median 5.0 25th percentile 4.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 0 Median 0 25th percentile 0

109

Wirreandra Creek Streamwatch – Little Wirreanda Creek, Camp Kedron Lat: -33.669800 Long: 151.254410 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 23.0 18.0 12.0 19.0 20.0 Median 22.0 16.0 11.0 16.5 16.5 25th percentile 21.0 13.0 10.0 14.0 12.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.8 9.2 9.9 7.9 8.8 Median 6.4 8.4 8.5 7.7 7.6 25th percentile 6.0 6.5 7.7 7.2 6.7 ANZECC 85% calc 7.4 8.4 9.4 8.3 8.3

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.04 Median 0.00 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 230 Median 210 25th percentile 180 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.0 25th percentile 5.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 4 FTU Median 3 FTU 25th percentile 1 ANZECC lowland 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

110

Wirreanda Creek, Camp Kedron Lat: -33.670082 Long: 151.253544 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 21.5 18.0 12.5 18.5 19.5 Median 21.0 15.0 11.5 17.5 17.0 25th percentile 20.0 13.5 10.5 14.5 13.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.5 8.5 10.4 8.5 8.5 Median 6.6 7.7 9.5 8.1 7.8 25th percentile 6.4 7.4 8.1 7.1 6.9 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.6 9.3 8.1 8.2

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.06 Median 0.03 25th percentile 0.01 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 330 Median 280 25th percentile 250 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 6 FTU Median 3 FTU 25th percentile 2 ANZECC lowland 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

111

Pittwater Streamwatch – McCarrs Creek downstream confluence of Wirreanda Creek Lat: -33.663760 Long: 151.254980 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 21.0 18.0 11.0 18.5 19.5 Median 21.0 15.0 9.0 15.0 14.0 25th percentile 20.0 13.5 8.5 12.0 11.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 5.6 8.3 9.7 8.9 8.9 Median 5.5 7.9 9.1 7.9 7.8 25th percentile 5.2 7.4 8.0 6.0 5.9 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.6 9.8 8.6 8.8

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.01 Median 0.00 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 200 Median 190 25th percentile 170 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 5 FTU Median 3 FTU 25th percentile 3 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

112

McCarrs Creek, The Duck Holes Lat: -33.663463 Long: 151.253930 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.0 18.0 11.0 18.5 19.5 Median 21.0 16.5 9.0 15.0 15.0 25th percentile 20.0 14.0 9.0 13.0 11.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 6.2 7.5 9.9 8.7 8.7 Median 5.8 7.1 9.5 8.3 7.4 25th percentile 5.3 6.2 8.6 6.7 6.3 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.3 9.7 8.6 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.03 Median 0.00 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 200 180 160 170 180 Median 180 160 150 160 160 25th percentile 160 150 140 160 150 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.8 25th percentile 6.3 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile Median No data 25th percentile

113

Sites: Northwest area Little Wheeny Creek Streamwatch – Little Wheeny Creek at McMahons Park Lat: -33.551540 Long: 150.655430 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 20.0 15.0 9.0 16.0 16.5 Median 18.0 13.0 8.0 14.0 13.0 25th percentile 17.0 10.5 7.5 13.0 9.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.0 Median 5.9 25th percentile 4.3 ANZECC 85% calc 8.0 9.0 10.1 8.8 9.0

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.03 Median 0.00 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 190 170 170 190 180 Median 180 160 170 180 170 25th percentile 170 150 160 170 160 ANZECC lowland 300 300 300 300 300

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.0 Median 6.5 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8 Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 8 FTU Median 7 FTU 25th percentile 5 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 100 Median 0 25th percentile 0

114

Little Wheeny Creek at weir (between Mill Road and Oswald Park Place) Lat: -33.537750 Long: 150.669670 Temperature (°C) Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 22.0 18.0 9.0 17.0 19.0 Median 20.0 13.5 8.0 15.0 14.0 25th percentile 19.0 11.0 7.0 13.0 9.5

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.0 7.8 9.1 5.5 7.4 Median 4.6 6.4 7.4 4.3 5.3 25th percentile 2.7 3.4 5.0 3.0 3.4 ANZECC 85% calc 7.7 8.9 10.1 8.6 8.8

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.06 Median 0.03 25th percentile 0.00 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 220 210 220 230 220 Median 200 200 210 220 210 25th percentile 180 180 210 210 190 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 7.5 Median 7.0 25th percentile 6.0 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile FTU Median FTU 25th percentile ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 0 Median 0 25th percentile 0

115

Wheeny Creek at Wheeny Reserve Wollemi NP Lat: -33.456510 Long: 150.721640 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 22.5 19.5 10.0 19.0 20.0 Median 21.0 15.0 9.0 16.0 15.0 25th percentile 20.0 11.8 7.0 14.0 11.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 7.0 8.9 9.1 8.3 8.6 Median 5.4 7.5 8.3 7.5 7.3 25th percentile 4.5 6.5 7.1 5.7 5.6 ANZECC 85% calc 7.6 8.6 9.8 8.4 8.6

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.06 Median 0.04 25th percentile 0.01 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile 140 140 150 170 150 Median 140 140 140 150 140 25th percentile 130 120 130 140 130 ANZECC lowland 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 8.0 Median 7.5 25th percentile 6.5 ANZECC lowland 8 8 8 8 8

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 10 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 FTU 75th percentile 5 FTU Median 4 FTU 25th percentile 2 ANZECC lowland 50 50 50 50 50

E. coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 0 Median 0 25th percentile 0

116

Sites: Estuarine Cooks River Valley Streamwatch - Cooks River, Richardson’s Crescent, South Marrickville Lat: -33.923701 Long: 151.155315 Temperature Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (°C) 75th percentile 25.0 21.0 14.3 22.0 23.0 Median 23.5 20.5 13.5 20.5 19.0 25th percentile 23.0 16.7 12.0 15.0 15.0

DO Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 4.2 4.7 6.6 5.5 5.2 Median 3.4 4.1 5.3 4.5 4.3 25th percentile 2.9 3.9 4.3 3.9 3.9 ANZECC 85% calc 5.7 5.9 6.8 5.9 6.1

Avail. Phosphate Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (mg⁄L) 75th percentile 0.16 Median 0.11 25th percentile 0.08 ANZECC lowland 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612 0.0612

EC Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (micro S⁄cm) 75th percentile Not Median Applicable 25th percentile

pH Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual 75th percentile 8.5 Median 8.0 25th percentile 8.0 ANZECC estuary 8.5

Turbidity Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual NTU75th percentile 15 NTU Median 10 NTU 25th percentile 10 ANZECC lowland 10 10 10 10 10

E. Coli Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov Annual (CFU⁄100ml) 75th percentile 400 Median 0 25th percentile 0

117

References

ANZECC ARMCANZ. 2000. National Water Quality Management Strategy. Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality. Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council, Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand, Canberra.

Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy, 2012. Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia, IBRA Version 7. http://www.environment.gov.au/land/nrs/science/ibra#ibra (Accessed 18 Mar 2018).

Dwyer, C., and Wissing, R. (2000) Waterwatch Australia Community Education and Stakeholder Involvement in Monitoring Waterway Health. Watershed 2000 Management Conference, July 2000, Vancouver, British Columbia. Water Environment Federation. https://doi.org/10.2175/193864700785149594

Environment Agency Wales, 2009. News Release 12 May 2009: Partnership proves successful in reducing pollution. http://www.riverflies.org/press-releases (Accessed 01 Feb 2018).

Harrison, E., Dyer, F., Gruber, B., Nichols, S., and Tschierschke, A. 2013. Waterwatch data and catchment health indicator review. Report to ACT Government. Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra.

Metropolitan Water. 2017. Metropolitan Water Plan, Water for a Liveable, Growing and Resilient Greater Sydney ISBN 978-1-76058-020-9 (print version), ISBN 978-1-76058-021-6 (web version)

Newman, G., Clyde, M., McGreavy, B., Chandler, M., Haklay, M., Ballard, H., Gray, S., Mellor, D., Gallo, J., 2017. Leveraging the power of place in citizen science for effective conservation decision making. Biological Conservation 208: 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2016.07.019 .

Sinclair Knight Merz. 2010. Analysis of the Streamwatch dataset in terms of data quality and longitudinal trends. Report to Sydney Water Corporation.

Storey, RG., Wright-Stow, A., 2017. Community-based monitoring of New Zealand stream macroinvertebrates: agreement between volunteer and professional assessments and performance of volunteer indices. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 51:60–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2016.1266674

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Appendix

Example of Output provided from ‘Time Trends’ Analysis of trends and equivalence in water quality data. Version 6.3 build 4. Temp.: 4 seasons per year analysed for 15 years and 2 months for water years 2001 to 2016 beginning December Season Dec - Feb Mar - May Jun - Aug Sep - Nov N 43 76 55 52 Mean 22.47 19.43 15.30 19.20 Median 22.50 18.95 15.00 18.75 5% 19.82 14.65 13.00 15.00 25% 21.00 17.70 14.13 17.00 75% 24.00 21.90 16.75 21.95 95% 25.93 25.42 17.95 23.00 Minimum 19.00 8.00 12.50 13.00 Maximum 27.00 29.60 18.00 25.00

Kruskal-Wallis One-Way Analysis of Variance for Temp. by season 226 observations from 4 seasons Season Count Mean rank Dec - Feb 43 180.07 Mar - May 76 123.69 Jun - Aug 55 41.27 Sep - Nov 52 119.95

Statistic df P (Chi2) 114.04 3 0.00

Kruskal-Wallis test The Kruskal-Wallis test is a non-parametric test used to compare groups of sampled data. The Kruskal-Wallis test in TimeTrends assumes identically-shaped and scaled distributions for each group of data and also uses the ranks of the data rather than their raw values to calculate the statistic. It is identical to a one-way analysis of variance with the data replaced by their ranks. Under this test, with four seasonal groups and 3 degrees of freedom, a statistic with a value greater than 7.815 will have a P value less than 0.05.

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‘Nearest neighbour’ Bureau of Meteorology rainfall data

Data exported from seasonal seasonal seasonal seasonal streamwatch.org.au rainfall rainfall rainfall rainfall 23/10/17 data data data data (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) BOM BOM BOM BOM Site Name Latitude Longitude Suburb BOM STN STN dec- feb mar-may jun- aug sept- NAME NUMBER nov Duck Creek, Yallah -34.52821 150.77254 Marshall Albion Park 68000 219.9 195.1 133.6 157.7 TAFE Mount Post Office Hacking River, Red -34.184049 151.018538 Lilyvale Audley (Royal 66176 238 298 168.8 164.2 Cedar Flat National Park)

Hacking River, -34.15421 151.02863 Royal Audley (Royal 66176 238 298 168.8 164.2 McKells Avenue National Park National Park)

Wattamolla -34.13757 151.11542 Royal Audley (Royal 66176 238 298 168.8 164.2 Lagoon, near palm National Park National Park) tree Kyogle Creek, -34.056651 151.076383 Grays Point Audley (Royal 66176 238 298 168.8 164.2 Northwest Arm National Park) Road Number

Bola Creek -34.14458 151.03178 Royal Audley (Royal 66176 238 298 168.8 164.2 National Park National Park) Number Tudar road, -34.020562 151.058148 Sutherland Audley (Royal 66176 238 298 168.8 164.2 constructed National Park) wetland V notch Number weir

Tudar road, -34.021005 151.057989 Sutherland Audley (Royal 66176 238 298 168.8 164.2 constructed National Park) wetland pontoon Number

Careel Creek -33.633443 151.331869 Avalon Beach Avalon Beach 66079 283.6 263.1 213.3 187.2 downstream of GPT

Nepean River, -33.90939 150.63947 Greendale Badgerys 67108 208 110.9 90.3 123.1 Vickery Road Creek AWS Number

Jerrys Creek, -33.867707 150.645033 Wallacia Badgerys 67108 208 110.9 90.3 123.1 Crossman Reserve, Creek AWS Park Road Number

Jerrys Creek, -33.86164 150.64328 Wallacia Badgerys 67108 208 110.9 90.3 123.1 Mulgoa Road Creek AWS Number

Elouera Reserve -33.921302 150.90322 Liverpool Bankstown 66137 208.2 203.8 111.3 148.5 Cabramatta Creek Airport AWS Number Lighthorse Park, -33.928167 150.927485 Liverpool Bankstown 66137 208.2 203.8 111.3 148.5 Georges River Airport AWS Number

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Clarinda Wetland -33.68808 151.09126 Hornsby Berowra 67052 282 245.8 148.9 170.2 Heights (Goodwyn Road) Number

Provest Creek -33.66376 151.09846 Hornsby Berowra 67052 282 245.8 148.9 170.2 downstream Heights (Goodwyn Road) Number

Cattai Creek, -33.65982 150.933603 Annangrove Box Hill 67104 219.8 145.6 100 97.2 Jewitt's Property, (Mccall Annangrove Road Gardens) Number

Dam, Wollondilly -34.25041 150.57409 Bargo Buxton 68166 220.6 149.5 87.3 158.3 Anglican College (Amaroo) Number

Bargo River, Kiah -34.236786 150.579398 Tahmoor Buxton 68166 220.6 149.5 87.3 158.3 Ridge, Bargo River (Amaroo) Road Bridge Number

Bargo River, -34.25006 150.60618 Tahmoor Buxton 68166 220.6 149.5 87.3 158.3 Potholes crossing, (Amaroo) Rockford Bridge Number

Lake Couridjah -34.231621 150.543557 Thirlmere Buxton 68166 220.6 149.5 87.3 158.3 (Amaroo) Number

Matahil Creek -34.054321 150.689321 Camden Camden 68192 181 142.5 86.1 144.7 Airport AWS Number Sickles Creek -34.048235 150.661555 Grasmere Camden 68192 181 142.5 86.1 144.7 Airport AWS Number Georges River, -34.04923 150.89391 Kentlyn Campbelltown 68160 181.7 156.2 109 145.1 Kentlyn (Kentlyn (Georges River Rd) Cooks River, Ewen -33.91568 151.1282 Earlwood Canterbury 66194 235.6 181.8 169.2 136.4 Park, Foord Street Racecourse AWS Number

Cooks River, -33.9165 151.1287 Earlwood Canterbury 66194 235.6 181.8 169.2 136.4 Younger Ave Racecourse stormwater AWS Number downstream

Cooks River, -33.923701 151.155315 Marrickville Canterbury 66194 235.6 181.8 169.2 136.4 Richardsons Racecourse Cresent, South AWS Number Marrickville

Upper Stringybark -33.808794 151.169851 Lane Cove Chatswood 66011 283 210.9 207.3 163.4 Creek around 200m North Bowling Club downstream of the Number concrete stormwater outlet pipe Stringybark Creek in -33.807092 151.162037 Lane Cove Chatswood 66011 283 210.9 207.3 163.4 Batten Reserve West Bowling Club around 15m Number

121 downstream of junction with Wilson Creek Tambourine Creek, -33.826078 151.167424 Riverview Chatswood 66011 283 210.9 207.3 163.4 Warraroon Reserve Bowling Club Number Rho-Ker Reserve -33.67302 151.18794 Duffys Forest Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 (Namba Rd)

Waterfall Creek at -33.67324 151.19603 Duffys Forest Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 Booralie Rd (Namba Rd)

Waterfall Creek at -33.678842 151.193706 Duffys Forest Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 Sandy Trail (Namba Rd)

Katandra Creek -33.672694 151.281833 Ingleside Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 tributary (unnamed (Namba Rd) southern creek), Katandra Bushland Sanctuary Katandra Creek, -33.671778 151.282667 Ingleside Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 Katandra Bushland (Namba Rd) Sanctuary

Little Wirreanda -33.6698 151.25441 Ingleside Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 Creek, Camp (Namba Rd) Kedron Wirreanda Creek, -33.670082 151.253544 Ingleside Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 Camp Kedron (Namba Rd)

McCarrs Creek -33.66376 151.25498 Ku-Ring-Gai Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 downstream Chase (Namba Rd) confluence of Wirreanda Creek

McCarrs Creek, The -33.663463 151.25393 Ku-Ring-Gai Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 Duck Holes Chase (Namba Rd)

End of Cooyong -33.68288 151.205923 Terrey Hills Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 Road (Namba Rd)

Kierans Creek, -33.68972 151.216257 Terrey Hills Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 Larool Trail (Namba Rd)

Neverfail Creek at -33.6837 151.2169 Terrey Hills Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 56 Cooyong Road (Namba Rd)

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Neverfail Creek, -33.68622 151.21354 Terrey Hills Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 Aumuna and (Namba Rd) Coolowie Roads

Terreys Creek, -33.69565 151.210134 Terrey Hills Duffys Forest 66142 337.4 306.9 193.4 185.4 Dardabong Falls (Namba Rd) Reserve rock carvings

Glenorie Creek at -33.598138 151.009965 Glenorie Dural (Old 67086 276 213.5 128.1 173.3 Tekapo Road, Northern Glenorie Road) Number

Glenorie Creek, -33.59489 151.00911 Glenorie Dural (Old 67086 276 213.5 128.1 173.3 Glenorie 1st Scout Northern Hall, Tekapo Road Road) (site 4) Number

Glenorie Creek, -33.59975 151.0103 Glenorie Dural (Old 67086 276 213.5 128.1 173.3 Glenorie Park, Northern Wirra Place (site 2) Road) Number

Leura Falls Creek -33.71921 150.32161 Katoomba Katoomba 63039 368.9 278 164.9 213.6 Vale st tributary (Murri St) Number

Junction Falls -33.73319 150.4382 Lawson Katoomba 63039 368.9 278 164.9 213.6 Lawson Creek south (Murri St) Number

Lawson Creek, -33.7253 150.43527 Lawson Katoomba 63039 368.9 278 164.9 213.6 Ferris Lane (Murri St) Number

Lawson Creek, -33.72328 150.43324 Lawson Katoomba 63039 368.9 278 164.9 213.6 Waratah Street (Murri St) BMX track Number

Wentworth -33.71311 150.42706 Lawson Katoomba 63039 368.9 278 164.9 213.6 tributary (unnamed (Murri St) creek), creek Number crossing, northern swamp end Wentworth -33.71824 150.42619 Lawson Katoomba 63039 368.9 278 164.9 213.6 tributary (unnamed (Murri St) creek), Lawson Pool Number southern bridge

Gordon Creek at -33.721012 150.334167 Leura Katoomba 63039 368.9 278 164.9 213.6 Lyrebird Dell (Murri St) Number Gordon Creek at -33.724248 150.33489 Leura Katoomba 63039 368.9 278 164.9 213.6 Pool of Siloam (Murri St) Number

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Leura Falls Creek -33.71895 150.32446 Leura Katoomba 63039 368.9 278 164.9 213.6 Eastern tributary (Murri St) Number

Little Wheeny -33.55154 150.65543 Kurrajong Kurrajong 63043 370.6 232.7 116.6 201.3 Creek at McMahons Heights (Bells Park Line Of Road) Number

Little Wheeny -33.53775 150.66967 Kurrajong Kurrajong 63043 370.6 232.7 116.6 201.3 Creek at weir Heights (Bells (between Mill Road Line Of Road) and Oswald Park Number Place)

Tributary to Pauls -33.53503 150.63141 Kurrajong Kurrajong 63043 370.6 232.7 116.6 201.3 Creek Heights Heights (Bells Line Of Road) Number

Redbank Creek -33.57534 150.71753 North Kurrajong 63043 370.6 232.7 116.6 201.3 below sewerage Richmond Heights (Bells treatment plant Line Of Road) Number

Redbank Creek -33.5776 150.71997 North Kurrajong 63043 370.6 232.7 116.6 201.3 Industrial tributary Richmond Heights (Bells Line Of Road) Number

Redbank Creek, -33.572628 150.728781 North Kurrajong 63043 370.6 232.7 116.6 201.3 Terrace Road Richmond Heights (Bells Line Of Road) Number

Wheeny Creek at -33.45651 150.72164 Wheeny Kurrajong 63043 370.6 232.7 116.6 201.3 Wheeny Reserve Creek Heights (Bells Wollemi NP Line Of Road) Number

Congwong Lagoon, -33.988939 151.235789 La Perouse Little Bay (The 66051 216.3 278.3 220.5 183.2 Congwong Bay Coast Golf Beach Club) Number Happy Valley Creek, -33.985464 151.235442 La Perouse Little Bay (The 66051 216.3 278.3 220.5 183.2 Botany Bay Coast Golf National Park Club) Number Yarra Bay Lagoon, -33.978121 151.2288 Phillip Bay Little Bay (The 66051 216.3 278.3 220.5 183.2 Bicentennial Park Coast Golf Club) Number Charity Creek, -33.807234 151.101996 Ryde Macquarie 66156 264.5 255.9 150 174.1 retention dam, Park Ryde Tafe (Willandra Village) Number Charity Creek, -33.8088 151.1002 West Ryde Macquarie 66156 264.5 255.9 150 174.1 Acacia Dam, Ryde Park TAFE (Willandra Village) Number

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Hitchcocks Spring, -33.467183 151.011177 Maroota Maroota (Old 67014 231.6 182.9 106.6 164.8 Old Northern Road Telegraph Road) Number

Little Cattai Creek, -33.50629 150.98081 South Maroota (Old 67014 231.6 182.9 106.6 164.8 Paulls Road (site 6) Maroota Telegraph Road) Number

Mullet Creek at -33.69081 151.28203 North Mona Vale 66141 258.3 259.7 202.9 164.2 pool downstream Narrabeen Golf Club of Irrawong Waterfall

Mullet Creek, -33.693841 151.288495 Warriewood Mona Vale 66141 258.3 259.7 202.9 164.2 upstream Garden Golf Club Street bridge

Charltons Creek, -33.64091 151.077714 Galston Mount Kuring- 66119 287.6 254.4 148.4 172.8 Number 1 Gai (Ledora Farm) Number

Still Creek at -33.6291 151.10203 Galston Mount Kuring- 66119 287.6 254.4 148.4 172.8 Crosslands Gai (Ledora Farm) Number

Still Creek at -33.6354 151.06161 Galston Mount Kuring- 66119 287.6 254.4 148.4 172.8 Mansfield Road Gai (Ledora Farm) Number

Provest Creek -33.66565 151.09781 Hornsby Mount Kuring- 66119 287.6 254.4 148.4 172.8 upstream Heigts Gai (Ledora Farm) Number

Mulgoa Creek -33.808745 150.654571 Mulgoa Orchard Hills 67084 250.6 159.6 71.4 130.4 Treatment Works Number Gungah Bay -33.980776 151.077664 Oatley Oyster Bay 66204 230.4 223.3 172.4 153 tributary (Green Point (unnamed), Mulga Road) Rd drain

Gungah Bay -33.982286 151.077443 Oatley Oyster Bay 66204 230.4 223.3 172.4 153 tributary (Green Point (unnamed), Oatley Road) shops inlet

Darling Mills Creek -33.76149 151.00955 Baulkham Parramatta 66124 262.2 192.4 126.5 152.2 Bidjigal reserve Hills North downstream (Masons Drive) Darling Mills Creek -33.76123 151.0256 Baulkham Parramatta 66124 262.2 192.4 126.5 152.2 upstream Hills North (Masons Drive) Excelsior Creek -33.759 151.01059 Baulkham Parramatta 66124 262.2 192.4 126.5 152.2 Hills North (Masons Drive) Bellbird Ck near -33.758946 151.01939 North Rocks Parramatta 66124 262.2 192.4 126.5 152.2 junction of Darling North Mills Ck

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(Masons Drive)

Blue Gum Creek -33.7616 151.02488 Parramatta 66124 262.2 192.4 126.5 152.2 above Darling Mills North confluence (Masons Drive) Creek 2 -33.76422 151.06379 Carlingford Parramatta 66124 262.2 192.4 126.5 152.2 Downstream North (Masons Drive) Number Creek 2 Upstream -33.76434 151.063 Carlingford Parramatta 66124 262.2 192.4 126.5 152.2 North (Masons Drive) Number Subiaco Creek Park -33.809025 151.04283 Rydalmere Parramatta 66124 262.2 192.4 126.5 152.2 Road North (Masons Drive) Number Dairy Creek, -33.973087 151.070005 Mortdale Oyster Bay 66204 230.4 223.3 172.4 153 Cromdale Road (Green Point Road)

Dairy Creek, Lower, -33.976955 151.066087 Mortdale Oyster Bay 66204 230.4 223.3 172.4 153 Lime Kiln Reserve (Green Point Road)

Dairy Creek, -33.975136 151.0681 Oatley Oyster Bay 66204 230.4 223.3 172.4 153 Waterfall Rd (Green Point Road)

Larool Creek, -33.714245 151.08282 Thornleigh Pennant Hills 66047 227.9 207.5 153.1 155.7 Wareemba Avenue (Yarrara Road) Number

Peach Tree Creek, -33.74901 150.684882 Penrith Penrith Lakes 67113 263.2 110.5 78.5 134.7 Great Western AWS Number Highway bridge American Creek, -34.440177 150.840516 Figtree Port Kembla 68131 236.1 219.9 148.3 192.7 Cordeaux Road (BSL Central Lab) Number

Bronte Gully above -33.902078 151.265148 Bronte Randwick 66052 223.9 281.5 245.1 180 filter blocks (Randwick St) Number Bronte Gully below -33.901587 151.26334 Bronte Randwick 66052 223.9 281.5 245.1 180 waterfall (Randwick St) Number Coogee Beach, -33.919338 151.259595 Coogee Randwick 66052 223.9 281.5 245.1 180 northern (Randwick St) stormwater outlet Number

Kensington Pond -33.904 151.2275 Kensington Randwick 66073 267.2 324.8 275.3 186.7 Racecourse

Rickabys Creek -33.653631 150.743987 Londonderry Richmond - 67021 202.5 146.4 92.6 142.4 UWS Hawkesbury Number Redbank Creek, -33.577018 150.707112 North Richmond - 67021 202.5 146.4 92.6 142.4 Merrick Place Richmond UWS

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Hawkesbury Number Redbank Creek, -33.577116 150.702934 North Richmond - 67021 202.5 146.4 92.6 142.4 Peel Park Richmond UWS Hawkesbury Number Redbank Creek, -33.57647 150.71016 North Richmond - 67021 202.5 146.4 92.6 142.4 Susella Weir Richmond UWS Hawkesbury Number Bushells Lagoon at -33.561013 150.819784 Freemans Richmond 67105 234.6 146.6 87.4 131 Brewers Lane Reach RAAF Number

Australian Pioneer -33.567857 150.840381 Wilberforce Richmond 67105 234.6 146.6 87.4 131 Village RAAF Number

Bushells Lagoon -33.56349 150.83442 Wilberforce Richmond 67105 234.6 146.6 87.4 131 Earl Street RAAF Number

Blakehurst HS -33.98062 151.11512 Blakehurst Sans Souci 66058 192.3 264.9 192.6 165.4 Below courts (Public School) Number Kogarah Bay, -33.985144 151.131514 Sans Souci Sans Souci 66058 192.3 264.9 192.6 165.4 Claydon Reserve (Public School) Number Blakehurst HS, -33.97907 151.113566 Sans Souci 66058 192.3 264.9 192.6 165.4 West Street (Public Reserve School) Number Middle Lalor Creek, -33.761538 150.939391 Lalor Park Seven Hills 67026 238.2 183.7 112.4 161.4 Twin Gums (Collins St) Reserve,Corella Rd Number Breakfast Creek, -33.74599 150.88843 Marayong Seven Hills 67026 238.2 183.7 112.4 161.4 Harvey Park (Collins St) Number Fitzgerald Creek -33.71045 150.6239 Yellow Rock Springwood 63077 296.3 186.4 100.5 175.8 below Long Angle (Valley Heights) Number

Fitzgerald Creek -33.71068 150.62357 Yellow Rock Springwood 63077 296.3 186.4 100.5 175.8 ford (Valley Heights) Number

Menangle Creek, -34.11585 150.791 Rosemeadow Wedderburn 68159 193.8 143 124.5 145 Northern Dam (Booalbyn) Noorumba Reserve Hawkesbury river. -33.47362 150.89809 Lower Wisemans 61119 200 157.9 98.8 140.1 Cumberland reach Portland Ferry (Old PO) reserve

Peach Tree Creek, -33.74786 150.685406 Penrith 67113 263.2 110.5 78.5 134.7 Penrith rail bridge

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