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STUDY GUIDE STUDY by Postgraduate Students ISSN 2318-3195 VOL 5, 2017 SPONSORS ABOUT THE JOURNAL UFRGS Model United Nations Journal is an academic vehicle, linked to UFRGSMUN, an Extension Project of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. It aims to contribute to DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL the academic production in the fields of Inter- DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL national Relations and International Law, as well as related areas, through the study of pressing topics in the international agenda. The journal publishes original articles in English and Portuguese, about issues related to peace and security, environment, world economy, international law, regional integra- tion and defense. The journal’s target audience are undergraduate and graduate SUPPORT students. All of the contributions to the journal are subject of careful scientific revision STUDY GUIDE STUDY by postgraduate students. The journal seeks to promote the engagement in the debate of such important topics. U F R G S SOBRE O PERIÓDICO O periódico acadêmico do UFRGS Modelo das Nações Unidas é vinculado ao UFRGSMUN, 2017 um Projeto de Extensão da Universidade Fede- ral do Rio Grande do Sul que possui como objetivo contribuir para a produção acadêmica 2017 nas áreas de Relações Internacionais e Direito Internacional, bem como em áreas afins, através do estudo de temas pertinentes da EXPLORE DIFFERENT agenda internacional. O periódico publica artigos originais em inglês e português sobre REALITIES. questões relacionadas com paz e segurança, BE PART OF meio ambiente, economia mundial, direito internacional, defesa e integração regional. O HISTORY. público-alvo da revista são estudantes de graduação e já graduados. Todas as contribui- 2017 ções ao periódico são objetos de revisão cientí- fica realizada cuidadosamente por estudantes de pós-graduação. O periódico do UFRGS- MUN visa engajar quem o lê no debate dos STUDY GUIDE temas importantes aqui levantados. CONTATO Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas Av. João Pessoa, 52 - CEP 90040-00 - Centro Porto Alegre/RS - Brasil | Telefone: +55 51 3308.3769 e-mail: [email protected] DADOS INTERNACIONAIS DE CATALOGAÇÃO NA PUBLICAÇÃO (CIP) UFRGSMUN: UFRGS Model United Nations : Explore diferentes realida- des. Faça parte da história./Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Fa- culdade de Ciências Econômicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos Estratégicos Internacionais - Vol. 1(2013) - Porto Alegre: UFRGS/FCE/ PPGEEI, 2013 - Anual. ISSN 2318-3195 1. Relações Exteriores: política. 2. Relações Internacionais. 3. Di- plomacia. 4. Conflito internacional. CDU 327(7/8=6) Responsável: Biblioteca Gládis W. do Amaral, Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas da UFRGS Capa por Joana Oliveira de Oliveira Diagramação por Amabilly Bonacina 2 SOBRE O PERIÓDICO O periódico acadêmico do UFRGS Modelo das Nações Unidas é vinculado ao UFRGSMUN, um Projeto de Extensão da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul que possui como objetivo contribuir para a produção acadêmica nas áreas de Relações Internacionais e Di- reito Internacional, bem como em áreas afins, através do estudo de temas pertinentes da agenda internacional. O periódico publica artigos originais em Inglês e Português sobre questões relacionadas com paz e a segurança, meio ambiente, economia mundial, direito internacional, integração regional e defesa. O público-alvo da revista são estudantes de graduação e já graduados. Todas as contribuições ao periódico são objetos de revisão científica realizada cuidadosamente por estudantes de pós-graduação. O periódico do UFRGSMUN visa engajar quem o lê no debate dos temas importantes aqui levantados. ABOUT THE JOURNAL UFRGS Model United Nations Journal is an academic vehi- cle, linked to UFRGSMUN, an Extension Project of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. It aims to contribute to the academic production in the fields of International Relations and International Law, as well as related areas, through the study of pressing topics in the international agenda. The journal publishes original articles in English and Portuguese, about issues related to peace and security, en- vironment, world economy, international law, regional integration and defense. The journal’s target audience are undergraduate and graduate students. All of the contributions to the journal are subject of careful scientific revision by postgraduate students. The journal seeks to pro- mote and engage in the debate of such important topics. 3 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL REITOR: Prof. Dr. Rui Vicente Oppermann FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS ECONÔMICAS DIRETOR: Prof. Dr. Carlos Henrique Vasconcellos Horn CURSO DE RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS COORDENADORA: Profa. Dra. Jaqueline Haffner EDITOR-CHEFE: Prof. Dr. André Luiz Reis da Silva CONSELHO EDITORIAL Analúcia Danilevicz Pereira (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Érico Esteves Duarte (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Henrique Carlos de Castro (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Jacqueline Angélica Haffner (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) José Miguel Quedi Martins (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Marcelo Milan (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Marco Aurélio Cepik (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Paulo Fagundes Visentini (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Sonia Ranincheski (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) CONSELHO CONSULTIVO Ana Carolina Melos (Universidade de Brasília) Daniel Nascimento (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Erik Ribeiro (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Guilherme Simionato (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Guilherme Thudium (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) João Arthur Reis (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro) Josiane Sarti (Escola de Comando e Estado-Maior do Exército) Julia Rosa (Renmin University of China) Laís Trizotto (Univesidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Livi Gerbase (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro) Luíza Leão (University of Cambridge) Marcel Hartmann (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Nilton Cardoso (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Victor Merola (Univesidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Vinicius Lara (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) Willian Moraes Roberto (Universidade Estadual Paulista, Universidade Estadual de Campinas e Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo) CONSELHO EXECUTIVO Amabilly Bonacina Joana Soares Cordeiro Lopes Julio Cesar Veiga Bezerra Rodrigo dos Santos Cassel Sérgio Minuzzi Tessuto 4 SUMÁRIO Editorial 6 Overland and Maritime Integration in the “One Belt, One Road” 8 Initiative Eduardo Secchi, Laura Chiele, Maísa de Moura, Ricardo Pechansky, Victor Hugo Dresch Instituições Políticas de Estados em Situação de pós-Conflito 80 Evelúcia Nunes Cutrim, Marcela Ávila A Missão para a Construção da Paz na Libéria 124 Vitória Kramer, Larissa Ciceri, Vitória Rodriguez Gonzalez Application of the International Convention for the Suppression 174 of the Financing of Terrorism and of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Ukrai- ne v. Russian Federation) Julia Assmann de Freitas Macedo, Julia Goldman Bergmann, Julio Cesar Veiga Immunities and Criminal Proceedings (Equatorial Guinea v. Fran- 228 ce) Patricio Alves de Souza, Pedro Hiroshi Watanabe Di Gesu Diretrizes para a Cobertura Jornalística em Modelos das Nações 255 Unidas Adriana Figueiredo, Gabriela Veiga, Matheus Motta, Vanessa Petuco, Vitória Pacheco Gabinete da Missão da ONU para a Estabilização da República De- 294 mocrática do Congo Beatriz Rauber, João Estevam dos Santos, Salvatore Xerri, Marielli Bittencourt, João Vitor Correa The Arab Spring Aftermath: Regional and Extra-Regional Inter- 340 vention in the Gulf and the Levant Álisson Martins, Douglas Rocha Weapons of Mass Destruction in the Middle East 396 Camilla Martins, Rafaela Fioreze, Rodrigo Cassel Autodeterminação e Soberania Estatal no Século XXI 456 Aline Rocha, Gabriela Ribeiro, João Otávio Cadore Democratização do Uso do Espaço Sideral 500 Daiana Jung, Rodrigo Fuhr Sectarian Violence in Myanmar: The Rakhine State 543 Maria Gabriela Vieira, Lúcia Pfeifer The Situation in South Sudan 576 Bruno Palombini Gastal, Eduarda Fontana Ramos, Sofia Oliveira Perusso UFRGSMUN | UFRGS Model United Nation ISSN 2318-3198 | V.5, 2017 | p 6-7 EDITORIAL Amabilly Bonacina Secretária-Geral XV UFRGSMUN André Reis da Silva Professor Coordenador do UFRGSMUN Em 2017, estamos comemorando 15 anos de UFRGSMUN. Um projeto que nasceu em 2003, sem muitas perspectivas de longo prazo, mas com um potencial enorme. Estamos em 2017, era da globalização, da mo- dernidade e do retrocesso. De fato, as forças que estruturam o sistema inter- nacional continuam em permanente embate e reestruturação. As promessas de uma paz mundial ainda convivem com incontáveis conflitos de variada intensidade. O sonho da aldeia global é desafiado pelo erguimento de novos muros, visíveis e invisíveis. Os conflitos, a xenofobia, e, principalmente, a desigualdade internacional, ainda estão na raiz dos grandes temas que discu- timos nos encontros, propondo soluções. Então, ao longo destas 15 edições, trabalhamos 15 propostas de pensar o mundo, de tentar contribuir e impac- tar de maneira positiva a sociedade em que vivemos. Nestes 15 anos, vimos o projeto atingir a maturidade e o reconhecimento, tanto acadêmico quanto administrativo; toda a “experiência UFRGSMUN” é fruto de um trabalho intenso dos alunos da UFRGS. Nesse sentido, cabe ressaltar que se chegamos tão longe foi também por termos uma Universidade pública,
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