IBM PC 5150

By Li Qiwei , Li Song , Wang Lu The father of IBM PC——Don.Estridge The IBM PC line

Model name Model # Introduced CPU Features PC 5150 August 1981 8088 or cassette system

XT 5160 March 1983 8088 First IBM PC to come with an internal hard drive as standard. Portable 5155 February 1984 8088 Floppy-based portable AT 5170 August 1984 80286 Faster Processor, Faster System (6Mhz, later 8Mhz, vs 4.77Mhz ), Jumperless Configuration, Real Time Clock 3270 AT 5281 June 1985 80286 With 3270 terminal emulation Convertible 5140 April 1986 8088 Microfloppy laptop portable IBM 5150 PC System Unit Size: - Width - 20", Depth - 16", Height - 5.5" Weight: - Without diskette drive - 21 lbs. - With one - 25 lbs. - With two drives - 28 lbs. Electrical: - 120 v. AC Cycle Time: - Main storage - 410 nanoseconds - Access - 250 nanoseconds Memory: - 40K built-in read only memory (ROM) - 16K to 256K user memory Standard: - Keyboard for and text entry - Cassette player jack for cassette attachment - Five expansion slots for additional memory anddisplay, printer, communications and game adaptors

- Built-in speaker for musical programming - Power-on automatic self-test of system components

- BASIC language interpreter, 16K memory

Keyboard

Size: - Width - 20", Depth - 8", Height - 2"

Weight: - 6 lbs.

Keys: -83 full-function for data and text entry: includes 10 for numeric entry and cursor control and 10 special function for scrolling, editing, etc.

-Easy access to 256 characters (ASCII and Special)

Keyboard: -Adjustable typing angle

-Detached from system unit and connected by six-foot cable for flexibility

-All keys automatically repeat Diskette drive

Diskette drive

Number of diskettes: - Up to two 5¼" diskette drives

Storage capacity: - 160 per diskette The Intel 8088 microprocessor was a variant of the Intel 8086 and was introduced on July 1, 1979. It had an 8- external data bus instead of the 16-bit bus of the 8086. The 16-bit registers and the one megabyte address range were unchanged, however.

from wikipedia Because the 8088 chip is mature and economical, and IBM already had a history of using Intel chips in its products and had also acquired the rights to manufacture the 8086 family. IBM chose it as the first real sense of PC CPU. The 8088 and a 5 yuan coin View a second image of the Intel 8088 Microprocessor Produced From 1979 to 1990s Common Intel, AMD, NEC, Fujitsu Manufacture Harris(Intersil), OKI, Siemens, AG Texas Instruments, Mitsubishi CPU clock rate 4.77 MHZ Max. CPU clock 5 MHz to 10 MHz rate Address Bus 20 bit Main Memory 1 M Instruction set x86-16 Package(s) 40-pin DIP, 44-pin PLCC 8088 CPU internal use two independent function components, BIU(Bus Interface Unit) and EU(Execution Unit) respectively.

BIU EU The flags of 8088 The architecture of 8088 8088 had the same instruction set as 8086, and there are some important instructions of them. Performance

Depending on the clock frequency, the number of memory wait states, as well as on the characteristics of the particular application program, the average performance for the Intel 8088 ranged from approximately 0.33-1 million instructions per second. Meanwhile, the mov reg , reg and ALU reg, reg instructions taking two and three cycles respectively yielded an absolute peak performance of between 1/3 and 1/2 MIPS per MHz , that is, somewhere in the range 3–5 MIPS at 10 MHz. The descendants of the 8088 include the 80188, 80186, 80286, 80386, and later software compatible processors, which are in use today. See below for a more complete list. STORAGE MEDIA OF IBM PC

• SAM()

German-made cassettes sold for data recording, circa 1980 Drum memory Floppy diskettes

8-inch, 5¼-inch, and 3½-inch floppy disks Floppy diskettes in IBM PC • one or two 5.25-inch floppy disk drives • single-sided double-density drives (SS/DD, a.k.a. SSDD), or double-sided double-density drives (DS/DD, a.k.a. DSDD) Floppy diskettes

• • DAM(Direct Access Memory) • floppy disk drive • 3.5-inch (89 mm), 5.25-inch (133 mm) and 8-inch (200 mm) • The disks were dubbed "floppy" because the diskette packaging was a very flexible plastic envelope DAM(direct access memory/storage)

• A floppy disk, like a cassette tape, is made from a thin piece of plastic coated with a magnetic material on both sides. However, it is shaped like a disk rather than a long thin ribbon. The tracks are arranged in concentric rings so that the software can jump from "file 1" to "file 19" without having to fast forward through files 2-18. The diskette spins like a record and the heads move to the correct track, providing what is known as direct access storage . Capacity of the floppy disk

Tracks(brown)

Sectors(yellow) Capacity of the floppy disk

As to floppy disks in IBM PC: •512The bytes capacity per sectorof IBM PC is 160kB or 320kB •8 or 9 sectorsor per 180kB track or 360kB •40 tracks per side •single-side or double-side Floppy diskettes in IBM PC • one or two 5.25-inch floppy disk drives • single-sided double-density drives (SS/DD, a.k.a. SSDD), or double-sided double-density drives (DS/DD, a.k.a. DSDD) Single density and double density

• single density and double density indicated a difference in logical encoding • FM(frequency modulation) • MFM(Modified Frequency Modulation) Thank You!