Mareh 6, 1951 T. o. DAVIDSON ETAL 2,543,765 wmcn FOR convsmmua DRAGLINES AND SHOVELS Filed Feb. 5, 1947 6 Sheets-Sheet 1

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' ATTORAGE‘Yi March 6, 1951 T. o. DAVIDSON ET AL 2,543,755 WINCH FOR CQNVERTIBLE DRAGLINES AND SHOVELS Filed Feb. 5, 1947 6 Sheets-Sheet 3

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ATTORNEY-5' March 6, 1951 'r. o. DAVIDSON ETAL 2,543,765 WINCH FOR CONVERTIBLE DRAGLINES AND SHOVELS Filed Feb. 5, 1947 6 Sheets-Sheet 4

ATTORNEY.’ March 6, 1951 ‘r. o. DAVIDSON ETAL 2,543,755 wmcu FOR convaansus DRAGLINES AND SHOVELS Filed Feb. 5, 1947 6 Sheets-Sheet 5

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mmvroas, 2% 2,5 ‘ ATTORNEY. March 6, 1951 -r. o. DAVIDSON ETAL 2,543,765 wmcn FOR convamxau-z nmcu‘m-zs AND SHOVELS

AZTORJVEYI Patented Mar. 6, 1951 2,543,765

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,543,765 WINCH FOR CONVERTIBLE DRAGLINES AND SHOVELS Trevor 0. Davidson, Milwaukee, and Bruno L. Lonngren, South Milwaukee, Wis., assignors to Bucyrus-Erie Company, South Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Delaware . Application February 5, 1947, Serial No. 726,570 19 Claims. (CL 254—185) 1 Our invention relates to new and useful im Rope thrusting eliminates the need of a boom provements in the control of thrusting and hoist engine to drive the shipper shaft, and thus not ing functions of power shovels, and the control only thereby reduces the weight on the boom, ' of dragging and hoisting functions of draglines but also reduces the weight of the boom itself by more particularly power shovels and draglines of enabling it to be built lighter. But, of course, the friction type, so called because operated .by these same advantages could be attained by a a constantly running motor (usually either gaso; ‘ sprocket chain drive up the boom from the main line, Diesel, or electric) which performs the vari engine to the shipper shaft. ous operative functions through friction clutches. The rackless typeof rope thrust still further This present application is a continuation-in 10 reduces weight, because by its greater ?exibility part, i. e., a continuation as to all common sub as contrasted with rigidity, it enables the boom to ject matter, of our copending patent application, ‘ be built lighter still. But, of course, this same ?led December 30, 1944, Serial No. 570,610, which advantage could be attained by using a two was abandoned, without prejudice to this pres rope drive in place of the sprocket chain, racks, ent application, on September 13, 1948. 15 and pinions. Ever since the wo-rld’s ?rst steam shovel, de The desirability of reducing the ' front end scribed in U. S. Patent No. 1089, issued to Wil weight as much as possible is due to saving in liam S. Otis, digging by the conventional power structural cost, reduction of need for counter shovel has involved two movements,‘name1y: mo weighting, and reduction of swinging inertia. tion in a circle about a point (known as the ship 20 From the foregoing, it will be seen that the ad per shaft) ‘ approximately halfway up the boom, vantages (thus far listed) of the two types of which motion is known as hoisting and lower rope thrust are paralleled by two types of positive ing; and motion in a circle about the outer end thrust. But other advantages, not thus paral of the boom, which motion is known as thrust leled, will be discussed later herein. ing, or crowding, in and out. Strictly speaking, 25 In all types of rope thrust, the dipper auto the curve of each motion is an involute, but the matically falls during thrusting out, and rises circle which serves as the evolute of each in during retracting, except insofar as these tend volute (in the one case the shipper-shaft pinion, encies are offset by intentionally hauling in or and in the other case the boom-point sheave) is paying out the hoist rope. The ratio of the hoist so small that for purpose of the present discus 30 motion of the dipper, in proportion to its thrust sion we can treat the involute as approximately motion, depends upon the number of hoist a circular arc. reaches in the hoist rope, and (in the rack va-' Rope-thrusting, so-called, was ?rst shown and riety) the ratio of shipper-shaft drum diameter described in U. S. Patent No. 1,430,298, issued to pinion diameter, or (in the rackless variety) September 26; 1922, to Walter Ferris and Svante 35 the number of thrust reaches in the hoist rope. R. W. M. Bager. This epoch-making principle When thrusting out with a rope-thrust shovel, involves dead-ending the hoist cable on a drum the drop of the dipper can be partially offset, keyed to the shipper shaft, and engaging racks on the dipper handle with pinions keyed to the wholly oifset, or more than offset, by clutching shipper shaft. Thereby thrusting out is effected the hoist drum to the winch engine, and then eas solely by the weight of the dipper and contents ing out the thrust-control rope at various appro (supplemented, when hoisting with the dipper priate rates of speed. hooked into a bank, by the downward reaction When retracting, the natural rise of the dip of the bank on the dipper) acting" to impose ten per can be enhanced by clutching the hoist drum sion in the hoist cable. Thrusting out is con 45 too. ' trolled, and thrusting in is effected, by a second Let us now consider the relative control and cable extending from the main winch on the characteristics of a positive thrust and a rope main works on the shovel to the shipper shaft thrust. drum. The advantages which inhere in a rope Taking into consideration the fact that we thrust shovel will be discussed later herein. 50 have a constant-speed one-direction motor, we In a variant known as rackless rope thrust, the have in a positive thrust shovel the following ?ve hoist rope imparts its‘tension directly to the dip digging motions to select from: per handle, rather than through the shipper 1. Pure hoisting, in a circular are about the ‘ shaft drum, pinions, and rack. This variant is shipper shaft. shown, for example, in U. S. Patent No. 1,564,791, 55 2. Pure thrusting out, in a circular are about issued December 8, 1925, to Roger Sherman Hoar. the point of the boom. 7 2,548,766 3 4 3. The resultant of pure hoisting‘ and pure Our in rention consists in the novel parts and thrusting out. in the combination and arrangement thereof, 4. Pure retracting, in a circular are about the which are de?ned in the appended claims, and ' point of the boom. of which three embodiments are exemplified in 5. The resultant of pure hoisting and pure re the accompanying drawings, which are herein tracting. after particularly described and explained. Note that, in a positive-thrust shovel, although DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES the paths of the two resultants can to some extent be selected by proper rope ratios, and drum Figure 1 is a side elevation of our shovel, some and gear ratios withinthe main winch, yet the 10 what conventionalized. selections are discrete (except insofar as clutch Figure 2 is a plan view of the main machinery slipping is resorted to), and once selected are of our shovel. Those parts of the machinery ?xed unless and until the machine is recon which are not involved in our invention have structed. been omitted to simplify the showing. Furthermore, in a positive thrust shovel, the 15 Figure 3 is an enlarged section of the drum resultant of pure hoisting and pure thrusting out and its associated mechanism showing the ?rst has a much greater speed than either of the com embodiment of our invention, taken along the ponents alone, due to the fact that full engine lines 3-3 of Figure 2. speed is contributing twice to the speed of the ‘Figure 4 is’the same section, showing the same dipper, namely once through the hoist rope, and 20 embodiment converted into a dragline. once through the crowd machinery. This phe Figure 5 is a section, taken along the lines.5—5 nomenon either reduces both controllability and of Figure 3. digging force in heavy digging, or reduces speed Figure 6 is an enlarged section of the drum and in the spotting part of the cycle. its associated mechanism showing the second In a rope-thrusting shovel (inasmuch as brake 25 embodiment of our invention, taken along the slipping is more controllable than clutch slip lines 6-6 of Figure 9. \ ping), there is the advantage that an in?nite Figure 7 is the same section as Figure 6, show gradation of paths can be chosen during com ing our second embodiment converted into a con bined thrusting out and hoisting. But, more im ventional dragline. portant, the engine is contributing to the com 30 Figure 8 is a section, taken along the lines 8-8 bined motion through only the hoist rope, and of Figure 6. therefore the speed of the combined motion is Figure 9 is an enlarged section of the drum and practically merely that of pure hoisting, which its associated mechanism, showing the third can accordingly be adjusted to exactly the opti embodiment of our invention. mum speed-force ratio. 36 Figure 10 is the same section as Figure 9, show Another advantage of a rope-thrusting shovel ing our third embodiment converted into a is that, when pulling in and raising the dipper regenerative dragline. to dump, the dipper rise‘ which results from re Throughout the description, the same refer - tracting is added to the hoist speed, thus greatly ence number'is applied to the same member or accelerating the spotting portion of the cycle. 40 to similar members. . As a by-product of all this, in a rope-thrusting shovel peak loads on the engine are eliminated, GENERAL DESCRIPTION and a smaller less expensive engine can be used. First shovel embodiment (Figures 1-3 and 5) However, in spite of these marked advantages of rope-thrusting shovels over positive-thrust Turning now to Figure 1, we see that H is the shovels, and of the rope variety of each over the main frame of a power shovel, capable of 860° sprocket-chain variety of each, there are certain ' revolution about a pintle on a base l2, which in partially oifsetting disadvantages, as follows: turn is supported by creeping traction 13. 1. The dead-ending of the hoist rope on the An inclined boom M has its foot pivoted on the dipper, with the resulting elimination of padlock front end of main frame II, and its outer end sheave and the consequent higher lift, is not supported by boom-suspension cable l5, which possible in a rope-thrusting shovel (except of one extends from an A-frame 16 on the main frame. limited and not altogether practical type). A dipper I1 is secured to the end of a dipper 2. Setting a de?nite hoist-thrust ratio, not de handle l8, which is capable of tilting about a pendent on a slipping brake control, is sometimes 55 shipper shaft IS on the boom, and of reciprocat desirable. ing with respect to said shipper shaft, through a 3. Pure independent retracting is sometimes saddle-block 20, which is pivoted on the shipper desirable, as for example in horizontal spotting. shaft in any conventional manner. 4. The rackless rope thrust, being limited to Hoisting and lowering the dipper is effected by integral rope ratios, does not permit the selec 60 hoist-rope 2|, which passes from an anchorage tion of intermediate ratios which is possible with 22 on the dipper, over a sheave 23 at the point of - the rack-and-pinion rope thrust. the boom, to a hoist drum 46. STATEMENT OF OBJECTS Thrusting out the dipper is effected by a rope Accordingly it is the principal object of our 24, which is anchored to the rear end of the han invention to devise a shovel which shall possess 65 dle l8 at 25, and passes thence over one of all the advantages of a positive thrust, a rack sheaves 26 on the shipper-shaft, to a drum 21 at less rope thrust, and a rack-and-pinion. rope the foot of the boom. thrust, with none of the disadvantages of any. Retracting the dipper is effected by a rope 28, Another object of our invention is to devise which is anchored to the front end of the handle a power shovel readily convertible into a drag 70 l8 at 29, and passes thence over another of line excavator. sheaves 26 on the shipper shaft, to drum 2'! at In addition to our' principal objects, above the foot of the boom. stated, we have worked out a number of novel As a matter of fact, we contemplate twinning and useful details, which will be readily evident ,each of ropes 2|, 24 and 28, but it is not essential as the description progresses. 75 to an explanation of the mechanical principles 2,548,786 of our invention to show any of them twinned the two sleeves 41, 53. It carries external brake herein. drum 51, which is connected to it by spacer 65. Let us now consider Figure 2, in connection Drum 46 and spacer 65 might be built integral, if with Figure 1. 0n the shaft of drum 21, already desired. A contracting brake band 58 can be im referred to, there are two sprockets 30, 3|. posed upon brake drum 51, in any convenient Sprocket-chain 32 connects sprocket 30 to manner. Any other sort of brake could be sub sprocket 33, which is clutchable (for-thrusting stituted, the particular form thereof not being a out) to pinion 34 by clutch 35, which may be of part of our invention. Also the method of appli any convenient sort, controlled ‘in any convenient cation thereof is immaterial. manner. Sprocket-chain 36 connects sprocket 10 Journaled in drum 46, and extending length 3| to sprocket 31, for retracting. wise thereof, are two shafts 59, bearing on one Sprocket 30 is not keyed to drum 21, but end thereof planet pinions 60 engaging sun pin rather drives it through a planetary gear-reduc ion 52, and on the other end thereof planet pin tion (not shown) which is concealed inside the ions Bl engaging ring gear 56. Three, or some drum, and which reduces the speed of the drum 15 other number of such shafts and pairs of pinions, to below the speed imposed (as hereinafter ex could be employed; but we employ two; chie?y plained) on the drum by sprocket 3| which is for the following reason. It will be noted from keyed thereto. This speed reduction could Figure 5 that drum 46 is longitudinally split, and equally well be effected by changing the ratio be that shafts 59 lie in the split. This enables these tween gear 44 and pinion 34, and/or by changing 20 shafts to be readily removed from the drum when the ratio between sprocket 33 and sprocket30, or the drum is disassembled as hereinafter men by any other conventional form of gear-reduc ' tioned. ‘ tion. In our machine, as built, the speed imposed The length of shafts 59 is an important fea on drum 21 by sprocket 3U happens to be approxi ture, inasmuch as the slight ?exibility thereby mately 50% of the speed imposed by sprocket 3|. 25 introduced adjusts for any slight failure of the Constant speed engine 38 (which may be gas teeth of the planet pinions to register exactly oline, Diesel, electric, or otherwise) drives pulley with the sun pinion and the ring gear. 39, which in turn drives pulley 40 through belts Although the planetary system discussed here 4|. Pulley 40 drives shaft 42, on which is keyed in is highly advisable, the placing of the sun pinion 43. This shaft 42 also drives the power 80 gear at one end of drum 46, and the ring gear boom hoist (not shown) which actuates boom at the other, and the consequent employment of hoist cable l5, and the swinging and propelling paired planet gears, is not essential. For ex machinery (not shown). ample, the entire planetary system could be lo Pinion 43 drives gear 44, keyed to shaft 45. cated in one plane within the drum. Gear 44 in turn drives pinion 34 already men 85 tioned. . First dragline embodiment (Figure 4) Thus we have a constantly. rotating pinion 34, Turning now to Figure 4, we see that our shovel clutchable so as to drive sprocket 33 as already is readily adapted to conversion into a dragline, seen; and a constantly rotating shaft 45, clutch inasmuch as two clutches and two brakes are able so as to drive sprocket 31, and/or so as to 40 available on the main shaft, for the control of drive hoist drum 46, all of which are explained the two drums of a dragline. below. To convert to a. dragline, the shovel’s hoist We shall now consider the ?rst embodiment of drum 46, together with planet gears 60 and 61, our invention, as shown in Figures 3 to 5 inclu and their shafts, are removed in two sections (see sive. 45 Figure 5), by ?rst taking out bolts 62, 63 and 64. Turning first to Figure 3, 'we see that retract , Ring gear 56, which also is in two sections, is ing sprocket 31 is rigidly attached to sleeve 41, likewise removed, by taking out bolts 66 and 61 which is free to'rotate on shaft 45. Sleeve 41 (Figure 3). Spacer 65, which also is in two sec carries external brake drum 48, and internal > tions, is likewise removed, by taking out bolts 68, clutch drum 49. A contracting double-acting 50 69 and 10. Sprocket 31, which also is intwo sec brake band 50 can be imposed upon brake drum tions, is likewise removed, by taking out bolts 48 in any convenient manner. An expanding 11'; the two parts of this sprocket need not have clutch band 5|, carried by and rotating with been connected together by ?anges like the other shaft 45, can be imposed upon clutch drum 49, in two-part members just mentioned. any convenient manner. Any other sort of 55 Brake drum 51, being no longer attached to clutch and/or brake could be substituted, the winch drum 46, is bolted instead to clutch drum particular form thereof not being a part of our 54, through spacer 16. I invention. Also the method _of application Dragline drums 12 (preferably for hoist) and thereof is immaterial. 13 (preferably for drag), which are each made Sleeve 41 also carries sun pinion 52 of a 60 up of two sections, are then respectively bolted planetary system. together and to sleeves 53 and 41, by bolts 15 Shaft 45 also carries sleeve 53, which is free to and 14. rotate thereon. This sleeve carries internal The only part of the planetary system remain clutch drum 54, but no brake drum. An expand, ing is sun gear 52, now enclosed in drum 13. ing clutch band 55, carried by and rotating with ' .The boom-foot drum 21 is supplanted by a con shaft 45, can be imposed upon'clutch drum 54, in ventional dragline fairlead. Pinion 34 and as any convenient manner. Any other sort of sociated parts can be permitted to idle. clutch could be employed, the particular form thereof not being a part of our invention. Also Second shovel embodiment (Figures 6 and 9) the method of application thereof is immaterial. Turning now to Figure 6, we see that it shows Sleeve 53 also carries ring-gear 56 of the the hoist drum and its associated mechanism for planetary system. Sun pinion 52 and ring-gear the second embodiment of our invention in which 56 are each generically referred to in certain of differential instead of planetary gearing is used. our claims as a "non-planet gear.” Note, however that this differential gearing is op Hoist drum 46 is journaled for free rotation on " eratively equivalent to a double-sun no-ring 2,543,705 planetary gearlns system although the former is its drum 51' which now is bolted to sleeve 85 more compact for our purpose. and preferably is not used when the mechanism Retracting sprocket 31’ is rigidly attached to operates as a shovel. Sleeves 85 and 86 are made sleeve 41', which rotates free on shaft 45' and uniform in diameter to permit merely sliding carries external brake drum l8.‘ and internal the drum sections 82 and 83 outwardly into clutch drum 49'. Bands 58' and 5f’ can be im position for connection to their respective sleeves, posed on the brake and clutch respectively in the thereby eliminating the need for removal and same manner as in our ?rst embodiment, the par replacement of the drum and installation of the ticular method of application being immaterial. regenerative brake drum and band when the Sleeve 41' also carries non-planet bevel gear shovel is converted into a dragline. ' 52' of the differential gearing system. Shaft 45' also carries sleeve 53', which is free to Third dragline embodiment (Figure 10) rotate thereon. This sleeve carries internal Turning now to Figure 10, we see that to con clutch drum 54', but no brake drum. Its clutch vert our third embodiment, as above described. band 56' is carried by and rotates with shaft 45’, into a regenerative dragline, the drum sections as in our ?rst embodiment. , 82 and 88 are disconnected from brake drum Sleeve 53' also carries non-planet bevel gear 11' by taking out bolts 84 (Figure 9), and sprocket 56' of the differential system. 31' (Figure 9) is removed by taking out bolts Hoist drum 48' is Journaled for free rotation on ‘II’. The drum sections 82 and 83 are then slid sleeves 41' and 53' and carries external brake outwardly until they can be connected to the drum 61', upon which brake band 58' is imposed vertical face of sleeves 85 and 88 respectively in any convenient manner. The particular form by bolts 81. The mechanism is then ready to of brake or method of application is immaterial. function as a regenerative dragline, the con Journaled in differential spider 48", which is version having been accomplished by the re carried by and free to rotate about shaft 45' and moval of only a single part (the sprocket) and is keyed to drum 48’ by means of driving lugs 88', the addition of none.' To reconvert the ma are four planet pinions 6|’ which engage non chine to a shovel, the reverse procedure is fol planet bevel gears 52' and 58'. Some other num lowed with the same simplicity. Note, more ber of such planet pinions could, however, be em over, that even removal of the sprocket could ployed. 30 be obviated by changing its relative size and/or ' Turning now to Figure 9, it will be noted that the point of attachment between the drum and drum 46' is split longitudinally. This permits sleeve. ready removal of the drum when the mechanism is converted for dragline operation as hereinafter OPERATION described. 35 First shovel embodiment (Figures 1-3) Second dragline embodiment (Figure 7) In the ?rst shovel embodiment (Figures 1-3) Turning now to Figure 7, we see that, to convert there are five controls, namely: hoist brake 58, our second embodiment as above described into hoist clutch 55, thrust brake 58, retract clutch a dragline, the shovel’s hoist drum 46' is removed 40 5|, and thrusting-out clutch 35. Inasmuch as in two sections (see Figure 8) by taking out bolts each of these ?ve can be either set or released, 63’, 64' and 68’. Sprocket 31', which also is in there are thirty-two combinations. two sections, is likewise removed by taking out However these combinations are reduced by bolts ‘H’. The differential spider and gearing, the fact that there are certain “interfering” being suf?ciently compact, remains intact, this 45 situations and/or “uncontrollable” situations, being a simpli?cation of the conversion required which may occur, and one useless combination. in our first embodiment. By “interfering" situations we mean one in Dragline drums 12’ (preferably for hoist) and which one clutch would act against another 13' (preferably for drag), which are each made clutch or a brake. By "uncontrollable" situa up of two sections, are then respectively bolted tion, we mean one in which the dipper would be together and to sleeves 53' and 41’ by bolts 14'. free to drop with no single control available to Brake drum 51', being no longer attached to stop or control such drop. shovel drum ‘8’, is bolted instead to dragline The interfering situations all arise out of drum 12'. thrusting, with respect to which there are four ‘ The boom-foot drum 21 is supplanted by a 55 alternatives, namely: thrust brake set, thrust dragline fairlead and other suitable changes are out clutch set, retracting clutch set, and a sort made just as in the case of our ?rst embodiment. of backhanded thrusting out (hereinbelow de The differential system is left intact, the idling scribed more in detail) which results from the motion of spider 46” being determined by the simultaneous setting of hoist clutch and hoist relative motions of the bevel gears 52' and 56'. 60 brake. If any two or more of these four func tions concur, we have “interference." Third shovel embodiment (Figure 9) We contemplate controlling the thrust and Turning now to Figure 9, we see the third retract clutches by one and the same lever, thus embodiment of our invention in which a differ eliminating interference between them. The ential gearing system is used as in our second 65 other interferences could, of course, be eliminated embodiment, but the parts are so designed that either by adding the thrust brake to the thrust conversion to a regenerative dragline and vice control lever, and by controlling both the hoist versa is greatly simpli?ed. ‘ clutch and the hoist brake by another single The shovel mechanism in Figure 9 is similar to lever; or, better still, by providing an electrical that shown in Figure 6, except that the hoist 70 or mechanical interlock (well known per se) drum is now in two transversely split sections whereby the setting of any clutch will auto 82 and 83 which are attached by bolts 84 to the matically ease off the corresponding brake and intermediate spider-mounted brake drum 11’. vice versa. But these other interferences are Brake band 18’ imposed on drum 'I'I' serves as not likely to occur in practice, due to the fact the hoist brake, in place of brake band 58' and 75 that shovel operators instinctively omit to apply 2,548,765 9 any clutch and its corresponding brake simul and hoist; and rope-thrust high-speed combined taneously, except for a. desirable slight overlap retract and hoist. ‘ in shifting from one to the other. Furthermore, a careful choice of gear and Merely setting the hoist clutch and hoist brake sprocket ratios can give us any desired direction simultaneously would not alone create an inter 5 of digging during the non-rope-thrust combined ference, but rather (strange to say) would cause hoisting and crowding, and the use of a conical . a very speedy pure thrusting out, which (if not drum can give us any desired change of hoist unexpected by the shovel operator) could have speed at different heights of hoist; this last be many useful uses. Accordingly it might be inad ing, however, a well—known expedient which con- ‘ visable to employ an interlock which would pre stitutes no part of our invention. vent this. It should be noted that, considering the hoist Furthermore, the various interferences, except drum, the three clutches and the two brakes, the last-mentioned one, are not only no more apart from any connection with thrusting, it is likely to occur than similar interferences in . possible to secure selectively: three hoist speeds, other types of power-shovel, but also would 15 no motion at all, and controlled lowering, as fol merely stall the engine. As in the case‘ of such lows: interferences in other types of power-shovel, . 1. Hoist clutch and retracting clutch set. High the beginning of stalling should flag the operator speed hoist. to release the guilty control. 2. Hoist clutch and thrust brake set. Medium The uncontrollable situation (four combina 20 speed hoist. tions), which in one combination overlaps an 3. Hoist clutch and crowd-out clutch set. Low interfering situation, is: hoist clutch and both speed hoist. brakes released. But this also is not serious, 4. Hoist brake set. No motion. for no experienced operator would be any more 5. Hoist brake eased o?’. Controlled lowering. likely to release his dipper and let it drop with 25 this type of shovel than with any other. First dragline embodiment (Figure 4) The one useless combination is: only the hoist In our ?rst embodiment converted to a conven brake set. tional dragline (Figure 4), there are four con Eliminating from consideration the interfer trols, namely hoist brake 58, hoist clutch 55, drag ing, uncontrollable, and useless combinations, we 30 brake 50, and drag clutch 5|. Since each of have nine useful combinations, as follows: these four controls can be either set or released, _ 1. Both brakes set, all clutches released. Dip there are sixteen combinations, of which, how per held motionless. ever, seven are "interfering” situations which 2. Only hoist clutch and thrust brake set. can be eliminated by controlling the hoist clutch Pure hoist. .35 and hoist brake by a single lever and the drag 3. Only thrust brake set, hoist brake partially clutch and drag brake by another single lever set. Pure controlled lowering. (these being the same common levers as were 4. Only thrusting-out clutch and‘hoist brake employed to control the same clutches and set. Pure non-rope-thrust thrusting out. ‘brakes for hoisting and for thrusting in our shov 5. Only hoist clutch and hoist brake set. Very el above described), or by providing convention speedy pure non-rope-thrust thrusting out al electrical or mechanical interlocks whereby about four times as fast as No. 4, and about setting of any clutch will automatically ease oil.‘ twice as fast in the opposite direction as No. 6. the corresponding brake and vice versa. The 6. Only retracting clutch and hoist brake set. remaining nine combinations then are: ~ Pure non-rope-thrust retracting-about twice as 45 1. Both brakes set, both clutches released. fast in the opposite direction as No. 4. Bucket held motionless.‘ _ 7. Only hoisting and retracting clutches set. 2. Only hoist clutch and drag brake set. Pure Hoist high speed. plus retract. ‘This is the equiv hoist. alent of rope-thrust hoisting, plus ‘ retracting, 3. Only drag clutch and hoist brake set. Pure plus the additional hoisting which is incident to _ 60 drag. the retracting. 4. Both clutches set. Combined hoist and 8. Only hoisting and thrusting-out clutches drag. set. Hoist slow speed, plus thrusting-out. This 5. Only hoist brake set. Pure drag release. is the equivalentv of de?nite path digging with a 6. Only drag brake set. Pure hoist release. positive-thrust machine, except that in our in 7. Only hoist clutch set. Combined drag re vention we have 'the speed divided between the lease and hoist. two motions. 8. Only dragclutch set. Combined hoist re 9. Only the hoisting clutch set. Hoisting, plus lease and drag. rope-thrust thrusting-out, the latter being limit 9. Both brakes and clutches released. Com ed merely by the resistance of the bank. If this 60 bined hoist release and drag release. resistance proves insuf?cient to prevent too deep Second shovel embodiment (Figures 6 and 8) a bite, the line of cut can be controlled, as in a rope-thrust shovel, by a partial setting of the This embodiment operates in the same manner thrust brake, thus verging into combination 2. as our ?rst shovel embodiment, similar consider If, however, the resistance of the bank proves 65 ations governing the selection of appropriate con too much, thus preventing as deep a bite as is trols, except that in useful combination No. 5 desired, this resistance can be countered by a (only hoist brake and hoist clutch set) the pure partial setting of the thrusting-outclutch, thus thrusting-out‘speed is equal to and in the oppo verging- into combination 8. site direction to the pure retracting of No. 6 and 70 is only about twice instead of four times as fast Thus our invention gives us: hold; pure hoist; as the slower thrusting-out of No. 4. controlled lowering; two speeds of pure non rope-thrust thrusting out; pure non-rope-thrust - ' Second dragline embodiment (Figure 7) retracting; non-rope-thrust slow speed combined Our second shovel embodiment, when convert thrust and vhoist; rope-thrust combined thrust 75 ed into a conventional dragline (Figure 7), op 2,543,705 11 12 crates in the same manner as our ?rst dragline and later in the same claim again refer to “one embodiment. > sleeve," the second or third-mentioned “one sleeve" may be a different one of the two sleeves ‘ Third shovel embodiment (Figure 9) from any “one sleeve” previously referred to in This embodiment operates in the same man the same claim. Also, in the claims when we re ner as our second shovel embodiment, similar fer to planetary gearing, it is to be understood considerations governing the selection of appro that we intend either spur- or bevel-gear type priate controls, except that'brake 18' is substi gearing unless we specify a particular type. tuted for brake 58’ as the hoist brake and that We claim: brake 58', whose drum 51' is now bolted to sleeve 10 1. In a power-excavator, the combination of: 85, either can be used to obtain a hoist (or low a rotary power source; planetary gearing com ering) combined with retract (or thrusting-out) prising planet gears, a rotating spider on which or can simply be not used when the machine is the planet gears are journaled, and, two non operating as a shovel. planet gears, namely a sun gear and an internal Third dragline embodiment (Figure 10) 15 ring gear, each engaging the planet gears; a hoist drum constrained to rotate with the spider; rotary Our third embodiment, when converted into a dragline (Figure 10), operates in the same man thrusting means; means for clutching one of the non-planet gears to the power source; means for ner as our'?rst dragline embodiment, except that braking the drum; means for clutching the other we now have a ?fth control, namely, the regen 20 non-planet gear to the power source; means for erative brake 18'. Therefore there are thirty braking said gear; means drivingly connecting two, instead of sixteen, possible combinations, of ' said gear and the rotary thrusting means to each which seventeen involve useless interferences, other; and means for clutching the rotary thrust nine involve the above-described useful combina tions of a conventional dragline, and six involve ing means to the power source for reverse rota 25 tion. regeneration either pure or in combination with 2. A power-excavator according to claim 1, braking. characterized by the fact that the said one of the The seventeen useless interference combina non-planet gears is an internal ring gear, and tions arise when one or more of the following oc that the said other non-planet gear is a sun our: 30 gear. 1. Hoist brake and clutch both set. 3. A power-excavator according to claim 1, 2. Drag brake and clutch both set. characterized by the fact that there is a driving 3. Regenerative brake and both clutches set. connection between the thrusting means and said 4. Regenerative brake, hoist (or drag) brake, and other non-planet gear, and that the gear ratios drag (or hoist) clutch set. 35 are such that, when the said one of the non Interference in the ?rst two classes of case are planet gears is clutched to the power source, and prevented by use of common brake-clutch con the said other non-planet gear is clutched to the trols for hoist and drag. Interference in the power source by the said means for clutching the third and fourth cases can be prevented by use rotary thrusting means,'the rotational effect im of mechanical or electrical interlocks, but such M v posed on the drum by the said one of the non interlocks are not essential, for these cases occur planet gears will exceed the reverse rotational only where three controls are set at the same effect imposed on the drum by the said other time, whereas all of the useful combinations oc non-planet gear. cur when only two controls are used. 4. In a power-excavator, the combination of: a The nine useful combinations of conventional rotary power source; planetary gearing compris dragline operation arise when the regenerative ing planet gears. a rotating spider on which said brake control is in released position and the other planet gears are journaled, and two non-planet controls are set as indicated in the description of gears, each engaging said planet gears; a hoist the operation of our first dragline embodiment. drum constrained to rotate with the spider; ro The six cases involving regeneration all occur tary thrusting means; means for clutching one of when the regenerative brake is set and the hoist 50 the non-planet gears to the power source; means and drag controls are applied as follows: for braking the drum; means for clutching the 1. Hoist clutch only set. Drag drum pays out. other non-planet gear to the power source; means 2. Drag'clutch only set. Hoist drum pays out. for braking said gear; means drivingly connecting said gear and the rotary thrustingmeans to each 3. Hoist brake applied for controlled pay-out of < 65 hoist drum. Drag drum pays in. other; and means for clutching the rotary thrust 4. Drag brake applied for controlled pay-out of ing means to the power source for reverse rota ' drag drum. Hoist drum pays in. tion. 5. Hoist and drag controls released. Hoist and 5. A power-excavator according to claim 4, drag line pulls balanced. Direction of mo characterized by the fact that the said one of tion depends on relative tension in lines. the non-planet gears is an internal ring gear, Usually an undesirable combination because and that the said other non-planet gear is a sun I uncontrolled. gear. 6. Hoist and drag brakes set. Same as normal 6. In a winch the combination of: a rotary hold for conventional dragline. No regen power shaft; a winch drum, free to rotate on eration involved unless slipping occurs. This the shaft, and split lengthwise for easy removal case is useful in that it provides more brak therefrom; shafts journaled eccentrically on the ing power than when two brakes are used, a drum at the line of split thereof for easy removal desirable feature in deep digging. therefrom; planet gears mounted on said last Having now described and illustrated three 70 mentioned shafts; two non-planet gears, each en forms of our invention, we wish it to be under gaging the planet gears; means for clutching one stood that our invention is not to be limited to of the non-planet gears to the power source; the specific forms or arrangement of parts herein means for braking the winch drum; means for described and shown. clutching the other non-planet gear to the power In the claims whenever we refer to “one sleeve” 75 source; and means for braking said gear. 2,648,765‘ 13 7. In a power-excavator, the combination of: means to clutch the second non-planet gear to a rotary power source; differential gearing com the power-source; means for braking said second prising planet pinion gears, a rotating spider on non-planet gear; two drums, each operatively which said pinion gears are journaled, and two connected to one of the two non-planet gears, non-planet bevel gears, each engaging said pin one of these drums being disconnectable from the ion gears; a hoist drum constrained to rotate ?rst non-planet gear; and means for operatively with the spider; rotary thrusting means; means connecting a drum to the spider, when the dis for clutching one of the bevel gears to the power connectable drum has been disconnected from the source; means for braking the drums; ‘means for ?rst non-planet gear. clutching the other bevel gear to the power 12. A winch according to claim 11, further source; means for braking said gear; means driv characterized by the fact that one element of the ingly connecting said gear and the rotary thrust brake means for the ?rst non-planet gear is dis ing means to each other; and means for clutch connectable therefrom; and that there is means ing the rotary thrusting means to the power for connecting this element to, the spider when source for reverse rotation. so disconnected from the ?rst non-planet gear. 8. In a mounting for alternative use of the 13.>A winch according to claim 12, further hoist-drum of a power shovel and the two drums characterized by the fact that the drum which is of a dragline excavator, the combination of: a operatively connected to the second non-planet constantly rotating power shaft; two ?anged gear, is disconnectable therefrom, and that there sleeves free to rotate thereon; a clutch drum car 20 is means for operatively connecting a sprocket to ried by the ?ange ofvone sleeve; a clutch drum said second non-planet gear, when said last and a brake drum carried by the ?ange of the mentioned drum has been disconnected there other sleeve; a brake drum removably connected from. to the said one sleeve, and adapted to be removed 14. A winch according to claim 11, further therefrom and be connected instead to a shovel characterized by the fact that there is means hoist drum; a non-planet gear carried by one for braking the spider. sleeve; means on the other sleeve for attachment 15. A winch according to claim 14, further to a second non-planet gear; means on one characterized by the fact that the means for sleeve for attachment to a sprocket; means on operatively connecting a drum to the spider, when both sleeves to rotatably support a shovel hoist . the disconnectable drum has been disconnected drum; means on each sleeve for attachment of from the ?rst‘non-planet gear, is means for thus a dragline drum; a ?xed brake band for each of connecting the thus disconnected drum. the two brake drums; and a clutch rotating with 16. A winch according to claim 15, further the shaft for each of the two clutch drums. characterized by the fact that the second drum 9. In a mounting for alternative use of the 35 is disconnectable from the second non-planet hoist-drum of a power shovel and the two drums gear, and that there is means for operatively of a dragline excavator, the combination of: a connecting this drum too to the spider, when constantly rotating power shaft; two sleeves free this drum has been disconnected from the second to rotate thereon; a clutch element carried by‘ non-planet gear. - one sleeve; a clutch element and a brake element 1'7. A winch according to claim 16, further carried by the other sleeve; a brake element re characterized by the fact that there is means for movably connected to the said one sleeve and operatively connecting a sprocket to the second adapted to be removed therefrom and be con non-planet gear, when the drum has been discon nected instead to a shovel hoist drum; a non nected therefrom. planet gear carried by one sleeve; means on the 45 18. A winch according to claim 11, further other sleeve for attachment to a second non characterized by the fact that the two drums, planet gear; means on one sleeve for attachment ‘ when,disconnected from their respective non to a sprocket; means on each sleeve to rotatably planet gears, are slidable toward the spider for support a shovel hoist drum; means on each connection thereto. sleeve for attachment of a dragline drum; a ?xed 50 19. A winch according to claim 11, further cooperating brake element to engage each brake characterized by the fact that the rotary power element; and a cooperating clutch element rotat ing with the shaft to engage each of the two source is a shaft; that there are two sleeves, each free to rotate about the shaft; that use two non clutch elements. _ ~ ‘ planet gears and the spider are mounted for free 10. In a power-excavator, the combination of : a 55 rotary power source; planet gears; a rotating rotation about this shaft, each such gear being spider on which .the planet gears are journaled; secured to and constrained to rotate with one two non-planet gears each engaging the planet of the sleeves; that the driven element of each gears; a, hoist drum constrained to-rotate with clutch is secured to and constrained to rotate the'spider; means for clutching one of the non 60 with one of the sleeves; and that each drum is planet gears to the power source; means for secured to and constrained to rotate with one of braking the drum; means for clutching the other the sleeves. ' non-planet gear to the power source; means for TREVOR O. DAVIDSON. braking said gear; and means for clutching said BRUNO L. LONNGREN. gear to the power source for reverse rotation. ul 11. In a winch for a dragline excavator con REFERENCES CITED vertible into a shovel excavator, the combination The following references are of record in the of: a rotary power-source; planet gears; a ro ?le of this patent: tatable spider on which the planet gears are UNITED STATES PATENTS journaled; two non-planet gears, each engaging the planet gears; means to clutch the ?rst of Number Name Date , these non-planet gears to the power-source; 624,810 Hunt ______.._ May 9, 1899 means for braking said ?rst non—planet gear; 1,899,901 Nickliss ______Feb. 28, 1933