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Handbook of Training in Mine Rescue and Recovery Operations

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Handbook of Training in Mine Rescue and Recovery Operations Handbook of Training in Mine Rescue and Recovery Operations P R 9 E 2 P 19 A E 2014 RED SINC MINE RESCUE HANDBOOK HANDBOOK OF TRAINING IN MINE RESCUE AND RECOVERY OPERATIONS 2014 P R 9 E 2 P 19 A E RED SINC i TABLE OF CONTENTS © Copyright 2015 Workplace Safety North (WSN) First printing 1930 Revised 1941 Revised 1951 Revised 1953 Revised 1957 Revised 1961 Revised 1964 Revised 1968 Reprinted 1971 Revised 1973 Reprinted 1975 Reprinted 1978 Revised 1984 Revised 1992 Reprinted with corrections 1994 Revised 2000 Reprinted with corrections 2001 Revised 2009 Revised 2011 Revised 2014 Reprinted with corrections 2015 Written and issued by WSN for the use of persons training in mine rescue and recovery at the main mine rescue stations and substations established in the province. P R 9 E 2 P 19 A E RED SINC Box 2050, Stn. Main 690 McKeown Ave., North Bay ON P1B 9P1 tf. 1-888-730-7821 • fax (705) 472-5800 workplacesafetynorth.ca/minerescue ii MINE RESCUE HANDBOOK ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The revisions of the handbook have been compiled by the Supervisor of Mine Rescue with the cooperation of the Mine Rescue Officers/Consultants, Workplace Safety North staff, and Ministry of Labour personnel. Assistance has been rendered by the manufacturers of breathing apparatus and other equipment used in mine rescue work. Suggestions by a special fire committee set up by the mining industry of Ontario to investigate firefighting operations are gratefully acknowledged and deeply appreciated. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE AUTHORIZATION The responsibilities associated with mine rescue in Ontario are set out in Regulation 854 of the Occupational Health and Safety Act. The regulation sets out requirements for mine rescue stations, the financing of the mine rescue organization, the direction of the mine rescue organization, the qualification and training of mine rescue team members, the responsibilities of a mine owner in mine rescue, and the use of mine rescue services. iv MINE RESCUE HANDBOOK PURPOSE OF THE HANDBOOK The purpose of the Handbook of Training in Mine Rescue and Recovery Operations is to provide a guide for the training of the members of mine rescue teams in the care and use of apparatus for protection in irrespirable atmospheres, in the detection of noxious gases, all specialized emergency response equipment, and in a general knowledge of accepted procedures for rescue and recovery operations during or after a mine emergency. It is meant to serve as a reference guide for the members of mine rescue teams and to assist mine operators during mine rescues or other emergencies. v TABLE OF CONTENTS vi MINE RESCUE HANDBOOK TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ............................................................... iii Preface ..................................................................................iv Authorization ........................................................................iv Purpose of the Handbook ...................................................v CHAPTER 1 ONTARIO MINE RESCUE Introduction ........................................................................... 1 History ...................................................................................2 Hollinger Mine Fire ..............................................................2 East Malartic Gold Mine Fire..............................................5 McIntyre Mine Fire ...............................................................7 Falconbridge Mine Rockburst .............................................9 Transfer to MASHA and WSN .........................................11 Organization ........................................................................ 12 Structure ...............................................................................12 Responsibilities ....................................................................13 CHAPTER 2 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS Mine Rescue Policy ............................................................. 15 Guidelines During Emergencies ......................................... 15 Procedure for an Underground Emergency ........................ 17 vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Mine Rescue Policy for Number of Men Trained .............. 20 Number of Trained Rescue Personnel Required ...........20 Point-in-Time Evaluations .................................................21 Arrangements for Mutual Assistance ...............................23 Equipment and Assistance for Small Operations or Operations in Transition ...............................................23 Seeking Assistance .......................................................25 Competency of On-site Official in Charge ......................... 25 Standard Mine Rescue Officer/Consultant Practices ......... 26 Standard Mine Rescue Substation ....................................... 27 Minimum Equipment Required at Substation ................28 Refuge Station ...................................................................... 29 CHAPTER 3 SELECTION AND TRAINING OF MINE RESCUE PERSONNEL Selection ............................................................................... 33 Common Core Underground ............................................33 Medical Requirements ........................................................33 Physical Requirements ........................................................36 Assurance of Qualifications ..............................................36 Training ............................................................................... 37 Introductory Mine Rescue Training .................................37 Refresher Mine Rescue Training .......................................38 Advanced Mine Rescue Training ......................................40 Mine Rescue Technician Training .....................................41 Supervisory Mine Rescue Training ...................................41 Management Mine Rescue Training .................................41 viii MINE RESCUE HANDBOOK CHAPTER 4 MINE GASES Air ......................................................................................... 45 Exposure Limits .................................................................. 46 Nitrogen (N2) ....................................................................... 48 Oxygen (O2) ......................................................................... 49 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) ......................................................... 52 Carbon Monoxide (CO) ....................................................... 54 Physiological Effects of CO ..............................................55 Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) .................................................... 58 Methane (CH4) .................................................................... 60 Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) .................................................. 62 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) ......................................................... 64 Hydrogen (H2) ..................................................................... 66 Acetylene (C2H2) .................................................................. 66 Ammonia (NH3) .................................................................. 68 Smoke ................................................................................... 68 Gas Hazards During and After Mine Fires ......................... 69 Treatment for Gas Poisoning............................................... 70 Additional Gas Hazards ...................................................... 71 Chlorine (Cl2) .......................................................................71 Arsine (AsH3) .......................................................................74 Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) ..................................................74 Hydrogen chloride (HCl) ...................................................76 Phosgene (COCl2) ...............................................................77 Phosphine (PH3) ..................................................................77 ix TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 5 DETECTING MINE GASES Introduction to the iBrid MX6 ............................................. 78 Components ......................................................................... 79 Alarm Points ........................................................................ 82 Using the MX6 ..................................................................... 84 CHAPTER 6 PROTECTION FROM MINE GASES Approvals for Breathing Apparatus ..................................... 86 Respiratory Protection ......................................................... 86 Respiratory Hazards ............................................................ 87 Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus ................................... 88 Oxygen-Cylinder Rebreathing Apparatus ........................88 Self-Generating Apparatus.................................................89 Positive Pressure-Demand Apparatus ..............................90 Conditioning ........................................................................ 90 The Value of Slow, Deep Breathing .................................... 91 Self-Contained Respiratory Protection ................................ 92 Self-Contained Oxygen Breathing Apparatus ..................... 93 Physiological Effects of Breathing Pure Oxygen ..........93 Eliminating Dangerous Amounts of CO2 in the Apparatus .........................................................94 The BG4 ............................................................................... 94 General Description ............................................................94
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