4150 CO.NGKbSMONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 25, 1975 would be even during a period of unemploy­ THE DRAMATIC DECLINE IN U.S. "peace," the pursues only a ment. NAVAL STRENGTH rhetorical "detente" while pushing ahead in It is not the market economy (or "the (By Allan C. Brownfeld) all major weapons systems and armaments. capitalist system") which is responsible for WASHINGTON.-Wbile liberals in Washing­ Our deteriorating defense position is the this calamity but our own mistaken mone­ ton tell us that we are spending too much responsibility of both parties--of the Demo­ tary and financial policy. What we have done money for national defense, and conserva­ crats who say that, despite Soviet superiority, is to represent on a colossal scale what in tives assure us that under the current Re­ we spend "too much" on defense-and Re­ the past produced the recurring cycles of publican administration we have maintained publicans who assure us that, despite dra­ booms and depressions; to allow a long in• our national strength, the facts tell a far matic Soviet advances we are still "number fl-ationary boom to bring about a misdirec­ different--and far more depressing story. one." tion of labor and other resources into em­ Part of this story is described in some de­ The U.S. Navy has been cut almost in ployments in which they can be maintained tail in the 1974-75 edition of Jane's Fight­ half within the past six years. In addition, only so long as inflation exceeds expectations. ing Ships, the Brttish annual which has long states Captain Moore, the U.S. Navy is afillct­ But while in the past the mechanism of the been regarded as "the bible of the world's ed with a "serious gap" in surface-to-surface international monetary system brought such navies." missile armament and an "inferior balance" an inflation to a stop after a few years, we Looking at the Soviet Navy, "Jane's" editor in nuclear submarines. Another gap, perhaps have managed to design a new system which Captain John E. Moore of the British Royal equally serious, was "left by the disposal of aUowed i~ to run on for two decades. Navy finds a number of "great strengths" as the specialized anti-submarine carriers," il­ As long as we try to maintain this situa­ well as a few-very few-"possible weak­ lustrating the dimensions of the problem tion we are only making things worse in the nesses." ~hat exists when the other side gets the jump long run. We can prevent a greater reaction The current list of Soviet naval "weak­ in an important area of technology is the than is necessary only by giving up the illu­ nesses" is very short: "manpower and, con­ fact that U.S. nuclear attack submarines do sion that the boom can be prolonged in­ sequently, technical maintenance submarine not e?en now possess the anti-ship missile definitely and by facing now the task of silencing, anti-submarine operations, ship­ capability "such as the USSR bas had since mitigating the suffering and preventing the borne aircraft and custom-built fleet supply the first 'Whisky' class modification some reaction from degenerating into a deflation­ ships, although this last 1s now being 15 years ago." ary spiral. It will chiefly be a task not of remedied." MORE THAN QUANTITY preserving existing jobs but of facilitating The Soviet Navy's "great strengths" are Captain Moore declares that, "Of those the opening of (temporary and permanent) much more numerous. A few examples of countries to whom a navy is today essential, new jobs for those who will inevitably lose the many cited include: the of America is one of the their present ones. "The Soviet Navy leads the world in sea­ foremost, and the U.S. Navy is probably also We can no longer hope to avoid this neces­ borne missile armament, both 1ttrategic and in the vain of those subjected to misin­ sity, and closing our eyes to the problem tactical, both ship and submarine-launched. formed, 111oglcal and irrational attacks by will not make it go away. It may well be true Their shore based air-force is second to none, some of those who depend most upon it." that, because people have been taught that they have large mine-warfare forces and a Commenting upon the latest findings in government can always prevent unemploy­ considerable amphibious capability." "Jane's" concerning our deteriorating naval ment, its failure to do so will cause grave The USSR's submarine force, already the position, Sea Power, the journal of the Navy social disturbances. But if this is so, we world's largest--and probably the most pow­ League of America, declares that, "The big probably have it no longer in our power to erful as well-<:ontinues to grow in quality problem for the U.S. Navy is much more than prevent this. and numbers. The new "Delta" class ballistic numbers, and much more than technology. missile submarine is now operational, and It is a matter of national will, which in our the "Delta-11 "-a giant amongst big subma­ opinion translates into a matter of national rines"-and two additional new classes are education-about the need for Navy and the on the way. needs of the Navy. In a democracy it is not THE DRAMATIC DECLINE IN U.S. The Soviet surface Navy, which for the first possible to develop and maintain the strong NAVAL STRENGTH time ever now outnumbers the U.S. surface oceanic forces necessary for national survival Navy, is also coming into its own. Among the without the confidence and backing of the Soviet superstars: (1) The KRIVAK-class general public, and the public's elected rep­ destroyer, which "is more than a match for resentatives in Congress. But achieving that HON. LARRY McDONALD any Western destroyer and, in any event, confidence •.. is no easy matter. It is, in­ OF could outrun anything opposed to her"; (2) deed, a desperately heavy burden." The KARA-class cruiser, possessed of "for­ The burden becomes even heavier in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES midable power with her own helicopter and face of repeated statements from public offi• Monday, February 24, 1975 double the strength of missile-power pos­ cials that somehow the is over and sessed by the KRIVAKs-a single vessel of somehow, world no longer is an Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. the KARA class could well engage a squadron aggressive and disruptive force. The Nixon­ Speaker, how ever one totals it up, our of attacking aricraft"; and (3) the KURIL­ Kissinger-Ford foreign policy, it seems, is Navy is sliding to a No. 2 position in the class aircraft carrier which, carrying both based on the proposition that an enemy no world. True, we are building new ships, V-STOL (vertical-short take-off and land­ longer exists. If Communism was an enemy, but not in enough quantity, but more im­ ing) aircraft and helicopters, "will provide Americans seem to believe, we would not sell portant the Soviet Union is achieving its a much-needed strengthening of the 'bal­ it wheat at a subsidized price, would not aim of disarming us psychologically via ance' in the Soviet fleet." contemplate providing it with our advanced DESPITE DETENTE computer technology, and would not refuse its policy of detente. Even the best we~p­ to condemn its barbaric practices toward ons in the world, and there is serious More ominous than present Soviet naval capabilities is the probability of even more dissidents and religious minorities. And-if no enemy exists-there is no need for a question as to whether our naval vessels powerful capabilities in the future. The So­ are, will not be enough in a future con­ strong military force. viet research and development program, Cap­ One of the first victims of "detente" has flict if the national will to fight is lack­ tain Moore observes, has increased "by well ing. I commend this column by Alan been our own ability to defend ourselves­ over half in the last five years." and this is dramatically shown with regard Brownfeld, as it appeared in the Chris­ Thus, while political leaders in our own to our naval forces. It is essential that Ameri­ tian Observer on February 5, 1975, to the country and elsewhere in the West discuss cans wake up to this unfortunate reality attention of my colleagues: "detente" and a forthcoming gen erat ion of before it becomes too late to correct it.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Tuesday, February 25, 1975 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. May we never forget that all the gold, togetherness we can, as always before, Pastor Clyde B. Wasdin, North High­ silver, even oil, belongs to You. Your triumph over sin and evil. land Assembly of God, Columbus, Ga., faithfulness to deliver will never be for­ For Your glory and our preservation, I offered the following prayer; gotten. The depression of the thirties, pray. Amen. Heavenly Father, this is Your Nation. the nightmare of December 7, 1941, by You were reconciled. We have survived many crises by Your THE JOURNAL grace. Now bring us to one mind with 0, God, we need You now. Hear us and stouthearted patriotism. respond as we humble ourselves in Your The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam­ Bless our President and all our Con­ presence. ined the Journal of the last day's pro­ gressmen, grant them love, cooperation, Help us proudly wave our flag and love ceedings and announces to the House his and unanimity. one another, for with Your power and our approval thereof. Februa'ry 25, 1975 - HOUSE 4151 Without objection, the Journal stands THE WHITE HOUSE, REQUEST FOR COMMTITEE ON IN­ approved. Washington, February 25, 1975. TERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS There was no objection. Hon. CARL ALBERT, TO SIT ON WEDNESDAY, FEBRU­ Speaker of the House of Representatives, ARY 26, 1975, DURING 5-MINUTE Washington, D.C. RULE PASTOR C. B. WASDIN DEAR MR. SPEAKER: I wish to convey Mr. HALEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­

NOT VOTING-49 row night, February 26, 1975, t.c> file a Mr. MAHON. Mr. Chairman, this is Abzug Fenwick Moss privileged report on the bill H.R. 3166. the second rescission bill, and the first Alexander Findley Murphy, Ill. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to during the 94th Congress, to be reported Annunzio Flynt Murtha by the Committee on Appropriations to Barrett Fountain Nowak the request of the gentleman from Cali­ Bell Fraser Roncalio fornia? the House under the provisions of title Boggs Hagedorn Rostenkowski X of the new Congressional Budget and Broomfield Howard Ryan There was no objection. Brown, Mich. I chord St Germain Impoundment Control Act of 1974. Burke, Fla. Jenrette Staggers A total of 40 pending rescissions and Burleson, Tex. Kelly Taylor, Mo. Butler Leggett Teague 137 pending deferrals that bad been sub­ Chappell Mccloskey Thompson PERSONAL ANNOUNCEMENT mitted to the 93d Congress by the Pres­ Collins, Ill. Metcalfe Van Deerlin ident were automatically resubmitted to Conlan Mills Walsh Mr. HORTON. Mr. Speaker, the REC­ Waxman the 94th Congress. This bill and report Cotter Minish lists Esch Moorhead, Young, Fla. ORD of February 19, 1975, incorrectly reflect the recommendations of the Com­ Eshleman Calif. me as not having voted on rollcall No. 18, mittee on Appropriations on these 40 final passage of House Resolution 138, rescissions. The committee is recom­ so the joint resolution was passed. establishing a Select Committee on In­ The Clerk announced the following mending approval of either all or some telligence. part of 27 rescissions and is recommend­ pairs: Apparently, the machine did not record ing that 13 rescissions not b~ approved. Mr. Annunzio with Mr. Jem·ette. my vote. I wish to indicate for the REC­ Ms. Abzug with Mr. Nowak. Another package of proposed rescis­ ORD that I was present and vot.ed in the sions wa..s transmitted by the President Mr. Thompson with Mr. Icnord. affirmative on this measure. Mr. Rostenkowski with Mr. Ryan. on January 30. These it.ems are not Mrs. Boggs with Mr. Burleson of Texas. treated in this bill, but the committee Mr. Barrett with Mr. Taylor of Missouri. had them under consideration and will Mr. Flynt with Mr. Esch. report its recommendations in the near Mr. Fraser with Mr. Conlan. BUDGET RESCISSION BILL Mr. Howard with Mr. Kelly. future. The Presidential message of Jan­ Mr. Roncalio with Mr. Broomfield. Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I move that uary 30, 1975, proposed 36 rescissions of Mr. St Germain with Mr. Butler. the House resolve itself into the Com­ $1.2 billion in budget authority. Mr. Teague with Mr. Eshleman. mittee of the Whole House on the State RESCISSION TOTALS Mr. Alexander with Mr. Bell. of the Union for the consideration of the The estimated total of budget author­ Mr. Chappell with Mr. Findley. bill

Amount to Amount to be made be made Amount Amount rec- available for Amount Amount rec- available for Rescission proposed for ommended obligation Rescission proposed for ommended obligation No. Department or activity rescission for rescission Mar. 1, 1975 No. Department or activity rescission for rescission Mar. 1, 1975

R75 31 Department of Agriculture : Water bank $21, 212, 940 ------$21, 212, 940 Department of Commerce: program. R75-11 Social and Economic Statistics $373, 000 $373, 000 ------Administration. Department of Defense-Military: R75-12 Economic Development Adminis- 2, 000, 000 ------$2, 000, 000 R75-17 Operation and maintenace, Army __ 41, 000, 000 $20, 500, 000 20, 500, 000 tration. R75-18 Operation and maintenance, Navy_ 27, 500, 000 13, 750, 000 13, 750, 000 R75-13 Trade Adjustment Assistance ____ _ 12, 000, 000 12, 000, 000 ------R75-19 Operation and maintenance, 5, 000, 000 2, 500, 000 2, 500, 000 R75-14 U.S. Travel Service_------­ 250, 000 Marine Corps. 250, 000 ------R75-15Al National Oceanic and Atmospheric 3, 227, 000 3, 227, 000 ------··--·· R75-20 Operation and maintenance, Air 40, 000, 000 20, 000, 000 20, 000, 000 Administration. Force. R75-16 Patent Office ______700, 000 R75-21 Operation and maintenance, De- 1, 900, 000 950, 000 950, 000 700,000 ------tense agencies. Subtotal, Department ot Com- 18, 550, 000 16, 550, 000 2, 000, 000 R75-22 Operation and maintenance, Army 1, 800, 000 900, 000 900, 000 merce. Reserve. R75-23 Operation and maintenance, Navy 1, 100, 000 550, 000 550, 000 Total, Subcommittee on State, 36, 650, 000 33, 3!>0, 000 3, 300, 000 Reserve. Justice, Commerce, and the R75-24 Operation and maintenance, Air 400, 000 200, 000 200, 000 Judiciary. force Reserve. R75-25 Operation and maintenance, Army 1, 400, 000 700, 000 700, 000 Department of the Treasury: National Guard. R75- 37 Office of the Secretary ______310, 000 310, 000 ------R75-26 Operation and maintenance, Air 500, 000 250, 000 250, 000 R75-38 Federal Law Enforcement Training 60, 000 60, 000 ------National Guard. Center. R75-27A t Aircraft procurement, Army ______Bureau of Accounts ______5, 700, 000 ------5, 700, 000 R75-39 630, 000 630, 000 ------~ R75-28A l Aircraft procurement, Air Force ___ 152, 500, 000 ------152, 500, 000 R75-40 U.S. Customs Service ______3, 000, 000 ------3, 000, 000 Internal Revenue Service: Total, Department of Defense ___ 278, 800, 000 60, 300, 000 218, 500, 000 R75-41 Salaries and expenses ______530, 000 ------530, 000 R75-48 • Department of Housing and Urban De- 2 264, 117, 000 ------264, 117, 000 R75-42 Accounts, collection and tax­ 9, 230, 000 ------9, 230, 000 velopment: Homeownership as- payer service. sistance (annual contract R75-43 Compliance ______------authority). 10, 240, 000 ------10, 240, 000 Subtotal, Treasury Depart­ 24, 000, 000 1, 000, 000 23, 000, 000 Department of Agriculture-Forest ment Service: R75-10 Forestland management______10, 000, 000 ------10, 000, 000 Executive Office of the President: R75-9 State and private forestry coopera- Special action office for drug abuse tion ______4, 921, 000 ------4, 921, 000 prevention: R75-45 Pharmacological research ____ 2, 760, 000 2, 760, 000 ------··-·- Total, Subcommittee on Interior_ 14, 921, 000 ------14, 921, 000 R75-46 Special fund______2, 240, 000 2, 240, 000 ------R75-29A I Department of Health, Education, and Welfare: Health-resources ______284, 719, 332 ------284, 719, 332 Subtotal, Executive Office of the President.______5, 000, 000 5, 000, 000 ---····----· Department of State: R75- 44 Independent agencies: General Serv- R75-35 Contributions to international or- ices Administration: Federal Build- ganizations ______. 2, 000, 000 2, 000, 000 ------ing Fund (limitation)_------(20 , 022, 900) (20,022, 900) ______R75-36 International trade negotiations ____ 100, 000 100, 000 ------Total, Subcommittee on Treasury, Subtotal, Department of State ___ 2, 100, 000 2, 100, 000 ------Postal Service, and General Govern- ment: Department of Justice: Budget authority______29, 000, 000 6, 000, 000 23, 000, 000 R75-30 Federal Bureau of Investigation __ 5, 300, 000 5, 300, 000 ------Limitation______(20, 022, 900) (20, 022, 900) ______R75-31 ImmigrationService ______and Naturalization _ 1, 300, 000 ------1, 300, 000 Total budget authority_ .______929, 420, 272 99, 650, 000 829, 770, 272 Federal Prison System: Limitation ______------(20, 022, 900) (20, 022, 900) ______R75-32 Salaries and expenses, Bureau of Prisons ______5, 250, 000 5, 250, 000 ------Grand total. ______949, 443, 172 119, 672, 900 829, 770, 272 R75-33 Buildings and facilities _____ ._ 1, 750, 000 l, 750, 000 ------R75-34 Drug Enforcement Administration __ 2, 400, 000 2, 400, 000 ------Subtot2I, Department of Justice .• 16, 000, 000 14, 700, 000 1, 300, 000

i Modified by H. Doc. 94-39. a Reclassified as a rescission by the Comptroller Gene ral (H. Doc. 93- 391). 2 Amount shown is annual contract authority. The maximum budget authority over a 40 year period is estimated in the 1976 budget at $7,815,510,000. Mr. Chairman, I will not take much Mr. Chairman, we are here today on a these actions are not taken, the :·esult additional time at the moment, but I question of whether or not we are going will be an increase in these deficits would like to point out that Congress is to go along on the Presidential request Here we are today, looking at the re­ a coequal branch of Government. for rescissions. scissions which have been requested in When we enact legislation, we intend If I recall correctly, in most instances, the amount of $949,443,172. Our various that the legislation should be carried as we went to the voters last November, subcommittees looked at all of these out by the executive branch in accord­ a very large percentage of the Members items and could only find $119,672,900 to ance with the law. The rescissions in­ of this body on both sides of the aisle rescind. I just do not believe that we have volved here relate to measures that were pledged to the voters that we would take done the job that we should have, be­ passed by the Congress, and, I believe, in every opportunity to come up with some cause I think there are more areas here all instances signed into law by the Presi­ kind of a balanced budget. That seemed where we could have gone along with the dent of the United States. to be the theme of the political oratory rescissions. So I would say that it is not appro­ last November. This means that we have failed to priate, in my view, for the Executive to We are going to have an opportunity rescind $829,770,272. In other words, transmit a rescission proposal that only now to determine whether or not we what we are saying is that we are going contains funds which have been enacted really want to put into practice what we to increase substantially the proposed into law as a result of the initiative of said then we ought to do. deficit in this fiscal year and in the com­ the Congress. I do not subscribe to the Mr. Chairman, I do not have to remind ing fiscal year. theory that everything the Executive the Members that the budget deficit as So, Mr. Chairman, we have a responsi­ does is correct and right and defensible, anticipated for the close of the fiscal bility to take some further action. and that everything the Congress does by year, on June 30, is going to be some­ I wish to call to the attention of the way of providing additional sums or thing in the area of $35 billion. As we Members something that has been modifying sums is all wrong. look at the 1976 budget, the budget defi­ bothering me just a little bit. As we know, Mr. Chairman, I will not use further cit appears to be in the area of $52 we passed the Budget and Control Act time at this point. billion. last year, and under the Budget and Con­ Mr. CEDERBERG. Mr. Chairman, I Those deficits are predicated upon this trol Act we put this provision in on yield myself such time as I may con­ Congress taking certain actions that are rescissions and deferrals. That came sume. recommended by the President, and if about because of our concern about im- February 25, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 4159 But each Department should make at poundments by the Executive, and I un­ will have a serious impact on our alien program, the finding of our aliens and least a token sacrifice. derstand that. Mr. Chairman, this Congress quite But it seems to me that what we getting them back." We are all for that program, partic­ obviously intends to make other sizable, ought to do is take a good, hard look at and as yet unbudgeted, appropriations. some of the things that we have done and ularly those in southern California, and what we have required the Executive to those areas recognize the merits of this These will occur in the fielrder to save $29.6 million at newest and most modern one we have in that under budget limitations the Air a cost of at least $55 million, an expense being is the F-111. Force and the Navy were not allowed to for which the taxpayers will receive no I would also remind the members of the ask for these aircraft, because they were benefit. committee that the A-7D's in this bill, not included in the administration's Another factor I would like to men­ the two squadrons are actually not for budget recommendations to Congress. tion; the cutoff of this A-7D program the Air Force. They are for the Air Force But the Army did ask for more heli­ alone would cut out 800 jobs for peo­ . National Guard in all the 50 States of copters than this bill allows. The Army ple now employed. Is that what we really this country. We have been seeking for budgeted $23.6 million for 128 helicopters want to do in this recession era? years to modernize the National Guard, in the fiscal 1975 program and Congress Another vital defense program under and our Reserve Forces. This is one of our provided only $18.5 million for 48 such attack today is the F-111 another com­ efforts to do that. This is an idea, I will aircraft; so the Army asked for more bat-proven supersonic bomber, and grant, of the committee, but the Air helicopters than are included in this bill. there is nu replacement for this aircraft Force has gone along with that idea. If Now, I reiterate. No additional tankers on the immediate horizon. This line is we knock out these two squadrons of will be required for aircraft than would the only supersonic bomber production A-7D's we are knocking out the best be acquired in this bill. We are talking line open in the United States today. It equipment we can possibly provide to the about large contract termination costs has been continued at minimal produc­ Air National Guard. I hope we will not if the Government must cancel contracts tion, and should be continued. take that action today. because of the adoption of these amend­ While defense foes are whacking at Mr. MAHON. Mr. Chairman, will the ments. We are talking about the accumu­ defense production budgets, they are also gentleman yield? lation of a pile of junk and a few usable trying to deprive the Army of the UH­ Mr. PRICE. I yield to the gentleman spare parts. By contra.st we could get lH helicopters. Th€.se are ones which from Texas. badly needed aircraft if the bill before represent a "pay back" to the Army for Mr. MAHON. Mr. Chairman, is the you is approved. those losses caused during the Vietnam gentleman from Dlinois saying that a Mr. HINSHAW. Mr. Chairman, I move war years. vote for the amendment to knock out the to strike the requisite number of words. At a time when we are comidering all A-7's would be an anti-National Guard Mr. Chairman, I rise to correct and to kinds of make-work pro.:,arams to employ vote? clarify some of ·11he comments which the unemployed, it seems counter pro­ Mr. PRICE. Yes, I would say it would have been made by some of the previous ductive to unemploy even more in the be. speakers. aerospace industry by these cutbacks Mr. SIKES. Mr. Chairman, I move to Dw·ing om· recent hearings by the which overall will cost the Govern­ strike the requisite number of words. · Committee on AI·med Services, we heard ment--that is th~ taxpayer-$62.6 Mr. Chairman, I oppose both amend­ from Secretary Schlesinger, from Dr. million to save $35.5 million. ments. Currie, who is in charge of the Depart­ I urge the Congress to remember its Adoption of the Conte amendment ment of Defense research programs, intent, frugality, and to abide by it. would mean no new F-111 aircraft. Ap­ from Gen. David~- Jones and Secretary Mr. PRICE. Mr. Chairman, I move to proval of the Wilson amendment would of the Air Force John L. McLucas. -.Vith­ strike the last word. mean no aircraft, period, no F-lll's and out exception, these individuals told our Mr. Chairman, I need not take the 5 no A-7's, and no helicopters. committee the Russian threat they per­ minutes because the last three gentle­ I think everyone here who is knowl­ ceive will exist in the 1980's and how to men, the gentleman from Alabama stenkowski with Mr. Wal.sh. dent has called on a new man to take Johnson, Call!. Mosher Shuster Mr. Howard With Mr. Anderson of nunois. Johnson, Colo. Moss Sikes over the responsibilities of this position. Mr. Chappell with Mr. Moorhead o! Cali- The new Director, James T. Lynn, is a Johnson, Pa.. Mottl Simon fornia.. Jones, Ala. Murphy,N.Y. Sisk man with whom I have had the pleasure Jo.nes. N.C. Myers, Ind. Skubitz Mrs. Collins of Illinois with Mr. Waxman. Jones, Okla. Myers. Pa. Slack Mr. Metcalfe with Mr. McCloskey. of working in recent years. He is a man Jones, Tenn. Natcher Smith, Iowa. Mr. Murphy of Illinois with Mr. Bell. dedicated to public service who has been Jordan Neal Smith, Nebr. Mr. Murtha. with Mrs. Fenwick. General Counsel of the Department of K arth Nedzi Snyder l\llr. St Germain with Mr. Guyer. Commerce, Deputy Secretary of Com­ Kasten Nichols Solarz Mr. Minish with Mr. Broomfteld. Kastenmeier Nix Spellman merce, and then this Nation's third Sec­ Kaz en Nolan Spence Mr. Staggers with Mr. Eshleman. retary of Housing and Urban Develop­ Kemp Nowak Stanton, Mr. Brooks with Mr. Brown of Michigan. Ketchum Obey J. William Mr. Landrum with Mr. Kelly. ment. Keys O'Brien Stanton. Mr. Ichord with Mr. Burke of Florida. As Secretary of Housing he was paid Kindness O'Hara James V. Mr. Oberstar with Mr. Pritchard. at the Cabinet level. There was no ques­ Koch O'Neill Stark Mr. Burleson of Texas with Mr. Taylor of Krebs ottinger Steed tion that he was worth every cent he Krueger Passman Steelman Missouri. received. But when the President of the LaFalce Patman Steiger, Ariz. United States called on him to move Lagomarsino Patten Steiger, Wis. The result of the vote was announced Latta Patterson, Calif.Stephens as above recorded. over and take over the Office of Manage­ Leggett Pattison, N.Y. Stokes ment and Budget he also had to take a Lehman Pepper Stuckey $1 7 ,500 pay cut. Lent Perkins Studds Levitas Peyser Sullivan We in the Congress know that it is Litton Pickle Symington GENERAL LEAVE difficult to attract the best qualified men Lloyd, Cali!. Pike Symms to Fede1·a1 service. We know that many Lloyd, Tenn. Poage Talcott Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ Long, La. Pressler Taylor. N.C. imous consent that all Members may times the individual is not able to make Long, Md. Preyer Teague have 5 legislative days in which to re­ the financial sacrifices that public service Lott Price Thompson often entails. But here we have a highly Lujan Quie Thone vise and extend their remarks on the McClory Quillen Thornton bill just passed, and that I may include qualified individual, a man who has McCollister Railsback Traxler extraneous matter. proved his worth in a series of important McCormack Randall Treen posts, who has been asked by the Presi­ McDade Rangel Tsongas The SPEAKER. Is there objection to McDonald Rees Udall the request of the gentleman from dent to continue in public service at a McEwen Regula Ullman Texas? substantial individual sacrifice. McFall Reuss Van Deerlln Mr. Speaker, I hope that the Congress McHugh Rhodes Vander Jagt There was no objection. McKay Richmond Vander Veen will agree with me that this is a matter McKinney Riegle Vigorito of equity which should be righted. It is Macdonald Rinaldo Waggonner not a question of the individual now in Madden Roberts Wampler Madigan Robinson Weaver REMUNERATION OF DffiECTOR OP office, although he deserves relief, it is Maguire Rodino Whalen OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND a question of equal pay for equal respon­ Mahon Roe White BUDGET sibility. I urge that this bill receive quick Mann Rogers Whitehurst Martin Roncalio Whitten (Mr. TALCOTT asked and was given consideration and approval. Mathis Rooney Wiggins permission to address the House for 1 Matsunaga Rose Wilson, Bob Mazzoli Rosenthal Wilson, minute to revise and extend his remarks NEW FARM LEGISLATION HIGH ON Meeds Roush Charles H., and include extraneous matter.) Melcher Rousselot Calif. Mr. TALCOTI'. Mr. Speaker, today I PRIORITY LIST Meyner Roybal Wilson, Mezvinsky Runnels Charles, Tex. am introducing legislation which will f­ where between eight and ten percent in the are having a greater and greater portion of ficial accolade of eminence when he was various programs. We also have a problem the amount of money they get every month, with the defense budget in that about fifty­ which is not going up, incidentally, very selected as the first chairman of our five percent of it now is involved in person­ newly established Committee on the fast--that is being transferred into their food nel. And to really begin to make substantial payments, into the payments for their hous­ Budget which will, I know, bring greater cuts you have to reduce the number of peo­ ing, which is in the interest rate sector, and clarity, order, and effectiveness to all our ple who are involved in the armed services. into what they pay for oil and gas-in other deliberations. And their cost has been going up because we words, their heating and how they drive their It is my pleasure to submit for the established a volunteer Army and the addi­ automobile. By the time they have finished RECORD the following verbatim transcript tional benefits for being in the service. And paying for those things, which is transferred of an interview between the noted jour­ as we start to lay those people off, we exac­ over into the business sector, or, in some erbate the unemployment problem. cases, being transferred abroad to the Arabs, nalist and commentator Paul Duke and So I think what I'm really saying to you my good friend, BROCK ADAMS, on the you have less money available to buy goods is that those of us involved in this budget in the internal economy. So the automobile program, "Washington Straight Talk" process understand it's very difficult. And manufacturer-he isn't suffering from a lack on WETA television, February 17, 1975. we're willing to undertake it as a political of productive capacity; he's suffering from ANNOUNCER. Brock Adams, Democratic problem and have it out with the President a lack of market. And the same thing is congressman from Washington, Chairman on where the money should be spent. But now shifting down through all the durable of the new Committee on the Budget of the the country, overall, is in real trouble from goods. And we are saying that you have to House of Representatives. Tonight on "Wash­ what I think has been, to a very great degree, build that back by giving back, say, a tax ington Straight Talk," Congressman Brock an induced recession, an idea that the way increase to these people and try to put a lid Adams is interviewed by NPACT corre­ to combat inflation, which was evolved by on some of the prices that they're being spondent Paul Duke. the administration about three years ago, forced to pay, or else you distribute the in­ PAUL DUKE. Good evening. was that you sort of went into a recession, come to a group of people who are not going Like all institutions, Congress is now and this would stop inflation. And we were to feed it back into the income stream, and changing, with a battalion of new young saying this would stop the economy, and I you start a cycle down, much like [what] leaders on the rise. One of those leaders is think that has happened. Now the adminis­ happened in the 1920s. the man who's with us tonight, Congressman tration is backing off, and I kind of think DuKE. Well, you mention a lid on prices. Brock Adams. And because you are assum­ both parties are entering into a new era of Are you suggesting that we may need some ing a major position of responsibility 1n political debate on what they do with the kind of permanent wage/price controls in congress, Mr. Adams, we are including you in our series of special interviews of people budget. this country? we regard as "The Accountables," those who DuKE. Well, they may be entering into a Representative ADAMS. I think at some are charged with helping to get this country new era of political debate, but are they en­ point we may very well need that, particu­ going again. tering into a new era of political partisan- larly in the administered price sector. And February 25, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 4175 by that I mean in, for example, oil pricing. Well, the government and the people of is that the size of the national debt is now 011 pricing is now being controlled by the this country have to face that problem. And going to reach about six hundred billion dol­ Arab cartel. And if you do what the President so do the business people. And I think that lars. Now that isn't going to break this coun­ has suggested and take the present price that is the kind of program that we're trying try and we can manage it within our gross control off crude oil here in the United to present to them. And I think the Congress national product. But we cannot continue States and de-regulate natural gas, you'll get will, through both the Senate Ad Hoc Task this indefinitely, that we begin to arrive at a an automatic increase, because the number Force and the House Ad Hoc Task Force­ point where the debt becomes so large and of people who are operating in that in­ and all of us that are in as committee chair­ the amount of gross national product and dustry are a limited number. They will sim­ men I think have to work into those to say federal income that we are paying in just ply increase their prices up to what we're "This is our alternative to what the Presi­ to service the debt makes it impossible to do paying for imported oil. dent proposes." anything else. So we are not able to continue Now the President and his advisers think DuKE. Let me take you back to the mid the programs by borrrowing. this is a very good thing because they say, 1960s when the Democrats enacted a num­ DUKE. Well, then, what do you think Con­ well, that'll make it attractive then to mine ber of major programs designed to improve gress must do then? coal or to go to other sources because you the general welfare of the lower income Representative ADAMS. Well, I think Con­ won't have inexpensive or fairly inexpensive groups, the war on poverty, the model cities' gress is going to have to-and this is going petroleum products available. Well, what program, and so forth. I take it from every­ to be a three, four or five year process, be­ we're saying is if you try to pile that on the thing you are saying now that government cause we've been at this for twenty-five years American economy right at this moment, policy in this direction just has not worked doing the other, and, in particular, a great which is the President's energy program­ and that we must have more regulation by deal the last ten years-is that Congress is and it's built into his budget-what you're the federal government. going to have to sit down and look at the going to do is you're going to simply take Representative ADAMS. Well, I don't think total receipts that they can bring in. And the more money out of the consuming stream those programs have been successful overall. Ways and Means Committee chairman wm and you're going to drive us further down I think we've had some successes within make his proposition to the House and later into recession. them. But I think you're going to have to the Finance Committee of the Senate, that Now that's a basic philosophical difference have the private sector distributing income this is what we think we can raise that the with the President. It has nothing to do into this area, as well as the government people will stand for. And we're going to have with partisanship: it has to do with how doing it. Because what has happened is that to take that and then divide it among six­ you think the economy in the United States we really use the government as the sole teen functional categories which we have set runs. agency to try to bring up the lower income, up now and decide, all right, this amount of DUKE. Well, let me throw out what many the very poor and the lower middle income money goes into each one. And if we have, people regard as a dirty word at this point, people in the United States to a level where for example, as we will this next year, a reces­ "socialism." But aren't you really bordering they could participate in society. Well, the sion, we may decide, as I think we'll have to, on-aren't you really moving in that direc­ result of this has been that our programs in well, we're going to have to take care of the tion? Aren't you really talking about more that area are now becoming astronomically people that are unemployed. This is going to state planning when you mention admin­ expensive, because we·re taking a greater feed money back into the consuming stream. istered prices, which, in effect, is price con­ and greater portion of the federal tax re­ So this year we may have to run a deficit to trols over the major industries in this coun­ ceipts and using it in those areas. Whereas take care of it. But when we come out of this try? Are you saying that the old formulas, if we could get ·the private sector more in­ recession area and you come into an area the old programs, the old policies for dealing volved in carrying that, the government where unemployment is in, say, the four per­ with the economy just can't work any more wouldn't be just continually borrowing cent range, then you're going to have to and that we must have more state, more money. balance that budget and perhaps run a sur­ government planning? DUKE. Well, then, I take it you agree with plus for the potentially bad years. Representative ADAMS. Well, there are two President Ford, who suggested recently that Now that is what I think is going to come alternatives that you can come out with on spending by government, not just the fed­ out of the discussion. But that's just my it. You can either in effect regulate the mar­ eral government-the local and state gov­ opinion. And as you mentioned, there are kets to produce a situation where they are ernments as well-is now approaching an many other Democrats that are very much not unfair markets, or what I call an admin­ .ominous level, that we cannot afford to pour ready to put in their particular new pro­ istered price market, or the government can so much money into domestic welfare pro­ gram and haven't really focused on where go in with planning. grams in this country. it fits in the total spectrum. Now the reason that you've had the mar­ Representative ADAMS. We cannot continue DuKE. Well, this is the fundamental ques­ kets tilt so much into areas of economic the present course of just letting these pro­ tion. On the one hand, you find the Demo­ concentration is, for the past four or five grams increase-I think he is right on that­ crats saying Congress must now exercise years, you've had no major effort to try to unless there's a fundamental decision made greater budget discipline; it must hold down break up concentrations of economic power in the United States that we wish to tax spending. And then on the other hand, or to say "let's make it competitive." I think ourselves at a greater rate in order to redis­ they're saying we must put a lot more money most of us believe in trying to make it more tribute income throughout the society. into some of the social welfare programs; competitive and having all the businesses DuKE. Do most Democrats in Congress we must help the unemployed with new pro­ compete on an equal basis and have the laws agree with you on that? Because I had the grams for them. And as you well know, the of supply and demand, in effect, work. But opinion that a great many Democrats still customary way in Congress is the back­ right now that doesn't happen. And if you favor putting more money into social wel­ scratching way-"I support your project; you have to, in the short time, say, well, we will fare programs. support my project," and the budget goes to put in some type of government controls, a Representative ADAMS. Oh, I don't think hell. council on pricing, for example, that will re­ most Democrats at this point agree with me Now the question is, can Congress really port where prices have gone up and how on this. I don't think most of them have change? Can it-can it adopt new methods? much they've gone up and let the American really sat down and looked at the total Can it be more responsible? public know this, with a back-up power in budget and decided where their program fits. Representative ADAMS. Well, we're going to an administration to say, well, if you've gone That's the whole problem and purchase effect find that out in the next two years. That was beyond a certain set of guidelines, why, then of the budget committee--is that we will for the whole purpose of passing the Budget the government is going to move on you, this the first time lay out to both the Democratic Act, which is to, in effect, gather the non­ may be necessary. Because right now, you Caucus and the Republican Conference, and interest groups on a particular program all find, for example--well, let's take the auto­ then later to the full floor of the House, what together with the interest groups r.t the same mobile pricing. They're worried about wage each program costs and what its projection time in one concurrent budget resolution and price controls, so they have left their will be out five years, how much we will be in the spring and another one in the fall. prices up. They're capable of leaving their taking in in total receipts and how much Now, the way it's gone in the past-and, prices up because there's no other effective we'll be spending in each program. incidentally, I think there's only a fifty­ competition. And instead they offer a rebate, And every one of these prgrams has merit. fifty chance this will succeed-but I think which is really a snapback in pricing. The I don't think there's any question about it, Congress at this point would then have to moment that you want to take the rebate off, or we wouldn't have passed it at that time. admit that it's really going to just respond you snap back up to your original prices. If But we passed them all in separate compart­ to presidential budgets if it doesn't suc­ they have enormous inventories, which indi­ ments. And we haven't really thought often ceed. Because our theory is that if we gather cates that the demand isn't there [sic]-so of what the final effect would be out five, six, everyone together, then you go down through "hat is happening in that market is that the seven, eight years when the escalator clause the list of programs-we use the buzz words laws of supply and demand either aren't kept climbing each year and the total num­ "national priorities"-but you go down >vorking or are working with terribly sticky ber of people who were eligible kept climb­ through the list and you target so much prices. And as long as that continues, people ing. And so unless the decision is made over­ money for each one, and you try to stay are going to be laid off in that industry, be­ all for a greater taxing effort to pay for these within your targets, and the people who are cause the average individual doesn't have, programs, we will have to continue borrow­ desirous of having their program have to, as I pointed out before, the money to pay ing. in effect, have it out with the others who those prices. And what I guess I'm saying to you, Paul, want their program and a compromise 4176 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE February 25, 1975 reached as to what each one gets. And then enough to match the ability of the execu­ as a people has become energy intensive at the end you either have to vote to raise tive, which, actually, is one man with sub­ and petroleum supplies 78 percent of our or lower the borrowing system. ordinates and can move very rapidly, that Now that's going to be very ha.rd, and it the people will get a feeling that the Con­ energy thirst. With only 6 percent of the runs right into the established system. Th1s gress is keeping up with the byplay of what world's population, this Nation consumes is not going to be politics as usual. And if should be done in particular programs? This over 30 percent of the world's energy re­ we don't hurdle that, then I think that the will mean very strong leadership and a very sources. whole process Will break down. great desire on the part of the congressmen In 1947, coal supplied almost one-half DUKE. Well, isn't there also a good deal to change business as usual and get on with of our energy needs. Yet by 1950 coal of demagoguery, especially where the de­ either voting a program up or down. supplied only 38 percent of the U.S. en­ fense budget is concerned? And you men­ I am hopeful a.bout it. I'm not euphoric. tioned that earlier about the pressure to but I'm hopeful. ergy requirements and last year coal's help the unemployed, so you don't cut the DuKE.... The question I have to ask is contribution fell to only 20 percent. Dur­ defense budget so much. But in reality, many Demoorats, when you talk to them ing this same period, natural gas and oil despite the cries by so many Democrats that privately, express doubts, because they say usage doubled to 32 percent of U.S. en­ we can cut the defense budget as much as that Carl Albert and Mike Mansfield, some ergy consumption and crude oil now ac­ ten billion dollars, the defense budget-­ -0f the older hands who have been the tradi­ counts for 46 percent of the U.S. energy isn't it true that the defense budget really tional leaercent were classified of cases than the injured patient, in most One of the major problems for the in­ as temporary but major, 5 percent as instances. According to the Medical Mal­ jured patient who is involved in a medi­ either significant and permanent or ma­ practice Commission, lawyers only accept cal malpractice claim is the length of jor and permanent, and 13 percent of the one out of eight cases brought to them. time it has taken to settle medical mal­ patients died fron: the injuries caused According to George Annas, director of practice claims. It takes 10 years to re­ during hospitalization. The investigators the Boston University Center for Law solve all of those cases which subse­ made no attempt to extrapolate national and Health Sciences, the lawyer's office quently arise from medical injuries estimates from their findings. Dr. Roger is "a place where weak and unfounded occurring in a particular year. This issue 0. Egeberg, who is responsible for cases are screened out." was examined in some detail by Baird HEW's efforts to deal with medical mal­ The second piece of information per­ et al. under contract with the Medical practice, estimates that the number of tains to a study done by the insurers Malpractice Commission. The investiga­ medical injuries may be as high as 2 mil­ themselves. At the request of the Med­ tors found that the average time from lion and the number of medical injuries ical Malpractice Commission, insurers the incident to resolution of the medical caused by negligence may be as high as were asked to examine their closed claim malpractice claim was from 3 to 5 years, 700,000. Equally significant as the find­ files and to judge the merit of the claims depending upon the approach used in ings of medical injuries was the finding made. The insurers judged 46 percent of reaching a settlement. Actions at law that only 31 claims were filed during the claims to be meritorious. Depending requiring a jury verdict took an average 1972, even though there were an esti­ on the point of view a person wishes to of 5 years to settle, with 10 percent of mated 517 medical injuries caused by advance, this finding can be used to sup­ these cases to be decided by a jury still negligence. The surprisingly small num­ port the contention that there are a large pending after 6 years and 10 months. ber of claims instituted relative to the number of frivolous claims or support Baird et al. stated: number of medical injuries caused by the contention that there are a large It can be concluded from the preceding negligence is consistent with the conclu­ number of claims made which have analysis that the time te resolve a medical sions of most experts that medical mal­ merit. What is not true, and is often malpractice dispute by existing formal practice seldom results in a claim by the alleged, is that the vast majority of methods is extraordinarily long, from the claims made are without merit. perspective of the negligently injured pa­ injured patient. tient and the wrongfully accused physician. The estimated number of medical mal­ When an injured patient or his legal vractice claims probably exceeds 20,000 representative does file a claim for dam­ I think we can all appreciate the hard­ per year at this time. One of the claims ages resulting from medical malpractice, ship such delay can cause to a seriously frequently made by health care providers how well does he fare? Again, most of injured patient. and by insurers is that health care con­ the data available regarding the out­ Perhaps as lamentable as the delays sumers are increasingly instituting medi­ come of medical malpractice claims that injured patients or their legal rep­ cal malpractice claims. The available comes from the report of the Secretary's resentative experience in obtaining pay­ evidence supports this contention. The Medical Malpractice Commission. ment is the amounts of professional American Medical News on November 4, The Commission examined some 12,000 liability insurance dollars that finally 1974, :i.·eported that claims were increas­ claim files closed in 1970. They found get to the patient. ing by 13 to 14 percent per year. The that payments were made to the claimant The Medical Malpractice Commission, New York State !\!edical Society, accord­ in approximately 45 percent of the cases. in addition to their other work, held ing to an article in The great majority of the claims were public hearings around the country. Ac­ on January 19 by David Bird, stated settled without a lawsuit or before a cording to the Commission report: verdict was rendered. In view of the al­ that claims hac! increased from 891 ~ One witness in Los Angeles told us: "I had 1964 to 2,072 in 1974. The rapid increase legations made by the medical profession a serious back injury, and was out of work in medical malpractice insurance pre­ that juries favor the plaintiff, it is sur­ for two years. I made a $22,000 settlement, miums whic:i:t I cited in my February _19 prising that the plaintiffs were success­ and after the settlement I realized $3,000. paper are causc-l, in part, by an increase ful only in 20 percent of the cases when The attorneys got the balance of the profits cases went to a jury. and split it with the doct-0rs." We heard other in the number of claims. witnesses testify similarly, and while we are Although the evidence supports the In approximately half the cases, the claim payment amounts were less than not 1n a. position to evaluate the credibility contention that claims are increasing, it of these witnesses on the amounts they ac­ appears that most injured patients are $2,000. Almost 90 percent were less than tually recovered, their combined testimony reluctant to institute medical malprac­ $20,000. Less than one out of a thousand was compelling. tice claims. Partial support for this con­ claims paid were for a million dollars or more. There is little question that the Estimates of the amount of the profes­ tention comes from the wide disparity sional liability insurance premium dollar between the number of injuries caused size of the claims has increased substan­ tially since the Medical Malpractice which finally reaches the injured pa­ by negligence which were found in the tient or his legal representative are as study cited earlier and the number of Commission looked at the size of claims payments. According to the American low as 16 cents and as high as 38 cents. medical malpractice claims instituted by The remainder goes to insurance com­ or on behalf of the injured patients. This Medical News on November 4, 1974, the contention is further reinforced by a average-total value of claims paid di­ pany profits, administrative costs, agents• study done by Dr. James L. Peterson on vided by the number of claims paid-in­ commissions, and plaintiff and defense consumer knowledge and attitudes re­ creased from $5,000 in 1970 to $8,000 in attorneys' fees. garding medical malpractice. Dr. Peter­ 1973. In California, according to the same Factors contributing to the high cost of son interviewed a sample of household article, there were three cases where the medical malpractice insurance relative to heads and spouses at the request of the plaintiff received more than $1 million patient benefits will be discussed in Medical Malpractice Commission. He prior to 1971. Since that time, there have greater detail in future background pa­ found that over 40 percent of the persons been nine. At the time of the article, $1 pers on insurers' and lawYers' involve­ interviewed reported some negative med­ million-plus awards had been granted in ment in medical malpractice. Although ical experience in their families. Most 6 consecutive months. In New York, ac­ the information in this area is admittedly felt that there was some failure or negli­ cording to an article in the January 19, imprecise, the amount of the medical gence of the doctor involved. Most felt 1975, New York Times, the average malpractice insurance that gets to the CXXI--265-Part 4 4180 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE February 25, 1975 injured patient or his legal representative survive secret and evasive purchases of Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, the should be of great concern to the Con­ our resources by foreigners, such as the Coastal States Gas Co. conducted its gress when it begins to address itself to Russian wheat deal and the Japanese business very much in the way that a the medical malpractice problem. purchases of our lumber and coal.'' short trader in stock operates. They con­ One final point regarding injured pa­ However, I have yet to hear or see tracted to sell gas at a certain rate, but tients pertains to claims with relatively those who make such complaints take did not actually own the gas to cover small potential dollar value. As I men­ to the airwaves or to the printed page that contract. This was perfectly all tioned earlier, the Medical Malpractice to oppose or condemn the dredging and right, as long as the price of gas remained Commission estimated that attorneys ac­ confiscation of our fish resources by steady or went down. But unfortunately cept only one out of eight cases. Many in­ other nations without any payment for Coastal and tragically for its cus­ jured patients are rejected, because the whatsoever and without any effort on tomers, the price of gas started going up amount of the claim is too small for the their part to utilize conservation tech­ in the late sixties, and Coastal could no laWYer to recover what he considers to be niques. longer sell short. They either had to live an adequate fee. The amounts of poten­ Lumber is a renewable resource which up to their contracts, taking losses-or tial recovery may have to be $5,000, we can increase by improved harvesting break those contracts. $10,000, or more for highly skilled lawyers and conservation techniques. Coal is our Rather than lose money or go bank­ to take the case. These statements are most plentiful energy resource which we rupt, Coastal decided to try and break not intended to imply that the contin­ could beneficially use to supplement our their contracts. Early in this decade, gent fee is the cause of lawyer unwilling­ energy shortfall or even use for interna­ Coastal started renegotiating gas supply ness to take cases which they consider to tional barter. At the very least, we do contracts as rapidly as possible, but could have small potential dollar value. Most control the sale of these products. not do it fast enough to save the situa­ persons with small claims would prob­ On the other hand, we do not control tion. More heroic measures were needed. ably be unwilling to pay a lawyer on a our fish resources. Where are the com­ The biggest problem facing Coastal straight fee basis where the potential plaints about "Russian wheat deals" and was that their larger, more sophisticated recovery is small, and many could not af­ "Japanese lumber buys" when this more customers were determined to hold the ford to pay the lawyer on such a basis. serious theft and malicious destruction company to its contracts. Coastal's chair­ The loss of several thousand dollars in by these same nations occurs every day man, Oscar Wyatt, decided on a two­ medical expenses and lost earnings is not in the oceans just 12 miles or less from pronged strategy to break the big con­ insignificant to the injured patient, how­ our shores. tracts: Gentle persuasion, and an effort ever, and some means need to be devised Our fish and other ocean food and to get a State law passed that would to enable the patient to recover where chemical resources may soon be critical enable him to break any contract he had, they have a just claim. to American and world food require­ regardless of customer wishes or his own Up to this point, Mr. Speaker, I have ments. The ocean, and the ocean beds, lawful obligations. If his big customers addressed myself primarily to the ques­ could supply most of our nutritional could not be talked into renegotiating tion of the injured patient, and how well needs in the not-too-distant future. their contracts, Wyatt aimed to use his he fares in our present system of However, our fish and marine food re­ so-called "Coastal States" bill in the resolving medical malpractice disputes. sources could be permanently depleted­ legislature to see that things were done There is, in addition, the negative im­ as some already have been-unless we his way. pact of medical malpractice on all con­ stop the stealing and destruction of our San Antonio and other big customers sumers. The evidence, albeit tentative, is fisheries by foreign intruders. Therefore, resisted the Coastal legislation, and nevertheless disturbing regarding the ex­ we must act promptly and decisively to eventually it failed to pass. But in the tent of medical injuries that are occur­ end this unchecked looting of a vital nat­ meantime there was tremendous pres­ ring, many of which we must assume are ural resource. sure on the city public service board and preventable. We need a clearer picture of other big customers to give in to Wyatt's the number and nature of medical in­ demands. juries that are occurring in this country. FEDERAL FIREARMS CONTROL Wyatt had a strong ally in San An­ Although again the evidence is ten­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a tonio, in the form of businessman Morris tative, some experts claim we are spend­ previous order of the House, the gentle­ Jaffe. Through the efforts of Jaffe and ing billions of dollars on defensive medi­ man from Michigan

seriously jeopardized if the newsman's ~Oth century implementation of the wis­ I ~rge m~ colleagues to join in support ~ree~om to assemble reliable sources is dom of Tocqueville when he wrote 150 of this very important measure. mfrmged. years ago: Recent years have seen an alarming The more I consider the independence of upsurge of judicial and legislative de­ the press in its principal consequences the HOUSE INTERNAL SECURITY mands for confidential information in more I am convinced tha't it ls the ... 'con­ COMMITTEE stitutive element of liberty. the_ hands of the press-information .<~r. KOCH asked and was given per­ which often yields the identity of confi­ miss10n to extend his remarks a.t this dential news sources. Rather than vio­ RESOLUTION TO DISAPPROVE PRES­ point "in the RECORD and to include ex­ late promises of secrecy, some reporters IDENT'S DEFERRAL OF FUNDS FOR traneous matter.) have gone to jail. Others are simply not .A::TIFICIAL HEART Mr. KAtlanta had done with comparable without basic reading and math skills. learn other things than a child who is re­ neighborhoods. They saw a chance at "at· I cannot help recalling the legal case garded as progressing normally . . . By the mosphere." Most of the old waterfront build­ of a high school student in San Fran­ end of the third grade, he will be behind not ings were structurally sound; they could be only in reading, but in virtually every other brought back to profitable life. cisco, near Professor Rohwer's modern school subject as well." Shreveport went to work, and while much education experimental farm of Berkley, What should really count, according to remains to be done, an amazing start has who sued the local school board because Rohwer, is that youngsters become success­ been achieved. A new convention center will he had reached the point of graduation ful achievers by the time they finish high add fresh impetus to the area's development. 4194 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE February 25, 1975

Even on a. dark and rainy night last week, "EVERYBODY'S BUSINESS"-THE WORK OF of the "cures" have been little more than Shreve Square was humming with the con­ CONGRESS cosmetic. vivial sounds of good jazz and good times. (By Joe Bartlett) It is not our purpose to dismiss such sub­ And squarely in the middle of this modest jective and temporal considerations as un­ renaissance one could find the local institu­ "Tha.t which is everybody's business, is no­ important or unproductive. On the contrary, tion known as "Mr. Ernest." body's business," or so Izaak Walton quoted the exhaustive deliberations on such sub­ At 64 he has the trim figure of a. tackling the wisdom of a. friend. He probably did not jects in recent months have surely served dummy' and, except when he smiles, the sad have in mind the people's business as per­ many noteworthy purposes. We simply feel face of a St. Bernard. How did he get so big? formed by their representatives in Congress we can add little to these considerations. ··Tasting." Most of his working day is spent assembled, but it bears some comparison. Instead, we will try to deal in funda­ ia his spotless kitchens, eternally tasting the In our own special, ingenious, brand of mentals-the basic procedures for the pel"­ sauces that sustain his reputation. democracy--0ur elected, representative, re­ forming of the public business which hav., He started earning that reputation as a publican form of government--the respon­ sibility for the fundamental conduct of the been almost totally ignored in spite of the boy of 11 in his native New Orleans. There super scrutiny of recent congressional re­ his father ran an establishment in the fin­ people's business is so broa.dly shared as to form movements. est tradition of free enterprise: a root beer lose identity and to escape attention. To describe our representative system as Just for a starter: Can you imagine any parlor in front, a speakeasy in bac~. Young business that would open its doors at twelve Ernest began at the "dish trough.' After a merely "ingenious" is to vastly understate the tremendous respect and admiration that o'clock noon, and immediately send the bulk while he graduated to busboy, then to waiter, of its personnel o1I to lunch? How long do tl1en to bartender, then to assistant cook. a third of a century of working within that system has engendered. It ls brilliant; it is you think they could continue to open their Today he operates a restaurant that draws doors at all? Yet, that is exactly what we in customers from hundreds of miles away. It beautiful; and I am thoroughly convinced that such a visionary plan of self-govern­ the Congress do every day! And does anyone is a standing regional joke that Ernest's in really think that "best serves the ends of Shreveport is the best restaurant in Dallas. ment could only have been the inspiration of democracy?" Divine collaboration. Still, I stop short of Every weekend brings planeloads of hungry In the minds of some I am sure I am fans from New Orleans, Memphis and Jack­ declaring it sacred. After all, it was devised as an arrangement among fallible and mortal already being challenged for comparing the son. The restaurant seats 200; it can serve business of Congress to any other kind of 500 a night; most Saturdays he turns away men. And it is to be respected and appreci­ ated not so much as a venerable national business. I fully recognize the di1ference. twice that number. Democracy, by its very nature, is not expected Three ingredients have produced this suc­ institution, but rather for its effectiveness and usefulness as an instrument serving our to be highly efficient or economical. There cess. These are work, hard work, and even are transcending standards by which it harder work. About 10 o'clock every night, citizens so very well for such a long time. However, even the finest instrument is no should be judged. But that must not be used an insulated truck starts a six hour run down as an excuse for ignoring good, sensible prac­ to New Orleans. There Ernest's agent haggles better than the hands that guide it, and while I can find precious little fault with tices. In fact, it ls incumbent upon public over every fresh fish; he will buy nothing officials to use the most efficient and eco­ that has ever been frozen. He buys fresh crabs our basic system of government, I must ad­ mit we have not always used that system nomical methods they can devise, so long as and shrimp, fresh vegetables, specially baked they do not compromise the ultimate test: bread. By early afternoon, the truck is back as wisely nor as well as we might have. Even some who are not as prejudiced as "Does it best serve the ends of democracy?" on Commerce Street. In white apron and During the Second Session of the 93rd Con­ billowing chef's cap, Ernest descends upon I, regard the House of Representatives, or at least, the Congress, as the heart of the gress just concluded in December, the House the kitchen like a great cumulus cloud. His met 159 days, for some 813 hours, or about aim is perfection. American body politic. It is to this vital organ of government that I would invite five hours per day. He comes remarkably close to achieving With our elaborate new computerized vot­ it. A typical dinner begins with a platter of your examination. Many have a cursory concern for the Con­ ing system we recorded 727 Roll Calls during crab claws swimming in an oil-and-vinegar 1974, which required over 205 hours-or sauce. If guests fail to sop up the leftover gress, and many-so very many-have diag­ about 41 full work days! sauce with hot bread, Ernest instructs them nosed Its ills and prescribed its cures, more often with detachment, if not disdain. Most of these Calls, and most of this time, in the art. This is followed by a shrimp cock­ are directly attributable to the fact that a. tail with a special tartar sauce of its own. We will try to treat it differently. We wlll regard it not only with acute awareness quorum of the House was not in attendance Then a flaming crab soup, rich and spicy. to do business. Pray tell, how could this serve Then a salad of Louisville lettuce (fl.own in from years of close association, but with the ends of democracy? twice a week). Finally an entree of red fish unabashed affection. We want it to survive, but even more, we want it to prosper and (Parenthetically, let me say there are some topped by lump crab. A white wine. Irish tremendous advantages to the new electronic coffee. Dessert for those not yet stupefied. In perpetuate. We claim uncommon cause: we love this Republic! voting procedure, but saving time has not, 30 years as a roving reporter, I have never predictably, proven to be one of them.) hit anything better. If I have persuaded you of my profound admiration for our magnificent framework The 41 days we cite above does not include Is our country raising a fresh generation a great deal of time spent on a new "quickie of Ernests? One wonders. If a restaurateur of government, as well as of my devotion to the collective heartbeat of our democracy quorum" whereby the bells are rung to sum­ these days attempted to employ an 11-year­ mon the Members, and as soon as 100 register old at the dish trough, the Feds would land in the assembled Congress, perhaps you will grant my deep sincerity and objectivity when their presence, they quitclaim the Call, and all over him like a mushroom sauce. The the Committee continues, even as the at­ demand for volume is so great that quality I observe that the ordering of the procedures for performing the people's business is, in tendance again drains away. The same faith­ widely gets second place. A nation in a hurry ful 100 provide the necessary number for the will settle for the quick thaw and the fast my opinion, altogether archaic and abysmal. Before we commence our analysis, permit Call almost every time (although there is no grill. If you want the moral, this is it: record kept to show it) while the other 335 Quality pays. And if you want to see for me to establish one standard, against which we will test every suggestion, every compari­ Members need no longer concern themselves yourself, go to Ernest's in Shreveport-but at all about interrupting whatever they may call two weeks in advance. son, and every criticism. That standard will be: Does it serve the ends of democracy? be doing. This undoubtedly provides a con­ venience for some, but does it serve the ends For those of us who still believe in democ­ of democracy? racy-and this 200-year-old grand experi­ "EVERYBODY'S BUSINESS," THE ment of entrusting free men with the decid­ Whenever one Member is absent, some half WORK OF CONGRESS ing of their civil destinies--we believe that a million constituents are without represen­ tation in the House, just as surely as if they (Mr. RHODES asked and was given that which truly "serves the ends of de­ mocracy,'' will surely best serve each of us had been disenfranchised by any other means. permission to extend his remarks at this within the democracy. How anyone can rationalize a dereliction of point in the RECORD and to include ex­ One ventures into this "nobody's land" this high trust of representation is beyond traneous matter.) of discussion at the certain risk of provok­ me. Even if you can find some excuse for Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, I am in­ ing somebody. We have heard others ac­ congressmen in general, you may be a lot cluding with my remarks a treatise writ­ cused of self-serving and subterfuge behind less tolerant when the absentee proves to be ten by our minority clerk, Joe Bartlett, a gossamer concern for congressional re­ your own congressman, in particular! on the work of Congress. Joe has been habili ta tlon. Some have seen in every pre­ Through the years Congress itself has cre­ helping the Congress with its work since scription for the improvement of Congress ated and compounded more confilcts with he began as a page in August of 1941, a power ploy on the part of the prescriber. the primary legislative duties of the con­ It has been charged that maneuverlngs !or gressmen than you could imagine. That and he draws from this experience some advantage and favor have been the passion observations and suggestions which I be­ certainly does not serve the ends of de­ behind the myriad jurisdictional disputes. mocracy, and it ought not to be coun­ lieve you may find interesting. The specter of special interest has been The material follows: tenanced. sighted. And it has been alleged that most It is to sorting out and rearranging and February 25, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 4195 remedying these con:fllcts that I would bid one of the best byproducts of the whole gested incentives which might make these you to reason a.long. reform. high aspirations attainable. If we accept the premise that a maximum Now that we have considered revolution­ would it all serve the better ends oJ participation in the primary functions of izing the legislative year, let us look at some democracy? the Congress-the enactment of laws-is de­ proposals for improving the legislative week I believe it would. sirable-nay, essential !-how do we achieve and day. it? If Congress organized its daily work more It seems to me it is going to take some efficiently-and if it is going to obtain the WHITE PAPER ON SOCIAL pretty courageous and comprehensive de­ diligent attendance of its Members, this ef­ SECURITY partures from a lot of bad work habits we ficiency will be obligatory-I contend that have allowed to develop over the decades. the public business can readily be accom­ es by taxa­ benefits. By earmarking the proceeds of so­ the character of the commitment it was un­ tion as they do to the manner in which the cial security taxes for the payment of bene­ dertaking, and the Supreme Court of the burden is distributed. fits and depositing them in a trust fund for United States has stated that the term "so­ THE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM IS NOT REGRESSIVE this purpose, by entitling the system insur­ cial insurance" accurately describes the pro­ It is said, for one thing, that social security ance, by continuing actions to assure its fi­ gram. While anyone has the privilege of dis­ taxes are regressive because the wealthy pay nancial soundness, and by innumerable pro­ sent, the Court's approval should have put an smaller percentages of their earned income nouncements of congressional committees end to charges that the nomenclature is de· than do the poor, in contrast to the general and individual spokesmen, Congress has ceptive. income tax, under which the wealthy pay made clear beyond question its pledge to the THE ADEQUACY AND INTEGRITY OF THE TRUST higher percentages. If social security collec­ American people that the social security FUNDS tions were taxes for general support of the commitment will be honored. The matter of reserves has been a. topic of government, this charge would be unanswer­ The social security system is, in effect, a confused debate almost since the ink dried on able; one can hardly imagine that Congress compact between the people of the United the original enactment of social security. In would ever have imposed these levies, or States and their government. Congress, it the early days it was said that the contem­ would now allow them to remain on the is true, retains the legal power to violate plated "reserve account" would be unman­ statute books, except as a. part of a social this com.pact, which would be a highly irre­ ageably large; now it is being charged that insurance system. This charge illustrates, in­ sponsible act, altogether inconsistent with the social security trust funds are far too deed, the fallacy of looking at the two parts the Congress's 40-year record of responsi­ small. It was also said in 1936, and is occa­ of social security in isolation from each other, ble action on social security. If there are sionally even said today, that the funds are an approach which inevitably distorts the doubters among us, they should be reminded fictitious because they are invested in gov­ issues and loads the argument. The issue that a member of Congress who hopes for ernment bonds. Charges that social security here is not whether social security taxes are reelection will not vote to repudiate a prom­ reserves have been grossly inadequate and regressive but whether the social security ise to virtually his entire constituency. It is charges that they a.re fictitious have been system, taking into account both benefits inconceivable that a majority of the mem­ emphatically rejected by every one of the ad­ and contributions, is open to this charge. The bers of each House of Congress will ever visory councils, and they were rejected unan­ answer to that question is "no." The benefit do so. imously as early as 1945 by the social security formula is so designed as to give a larger re­ THE NATURE OF THE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT- committee of the insurance industry. A gov­ turn for each dollar of contributions to the MENT TO CONTRIBUTORS ernment insurance system which has its fu- low-wage earner than to the high. While The socie..I security commitment differs in ture income assured by the taxing power has there are other factors to be considered, some an important respect from tha.t of a priva.te no need to build up the huge funds that a favoring the poor and some working against insurance company, which in writing a pol­ private insurer would require if it underwrote them, the net etfect of the system is to trans­ icy fixes its terms in every detail for the life similar liabilities, and indeed, it would be fer some income from the more amuent as a of the policy. Congress, by contra.5t, has of unwise to the point of irresponsibility to ac­ group to the less affluent. It is legitimate to necessity built a.n element of flexibility into cumulate such sums. The only need for a argue that the system ought to be made more the national social insurance system. Thus, trust fund is as a contingency reserve large prog1:essive than it is, as for instance by the when Congress has a.mended the law to im­ enough to tide the system over any temporary introduction of a government contribution prove the benefit structure it has generally change in income and outgo; if an increase in derived from general revenues, but it ls not February 25, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 4197 legitimate to argue. by disregarding the bene• It ls possible that in the very long run, say posed injustice somehow affords a reason to fit payments. that the system as now struc• from 2010 to, the active labor force in the abandon social security altogether or to tured is regressive. Unitd States may be required to support re· change its basic characteristics as a con­ Another contention which has gained in latively more retired people than was tributory, earnings-related system. Neither prominence with the increasing amount of thought to be the case until recently. The pa.rt of this assertion holds water: ea.ch of contributions ls that, regardless of the lib· fertility rate in the United States has been these provisions is the product of a con­ era.Uty of future returns, the present bur· dropping steadily since 1957 and is now at a sidered weighing of the equities, the costs, den is simply more than people in low and point slightly below the rate that would ulti­ and of the arguments pro and con; each moderate income brackets ought to bear out mately produce zero population growth. A of them ls subject to change, without dis­ of current earnings. It ls often pointed out continuation of fertility rates as low as those ruption of the present system, if change of that many of these people pay more in social experienced in the last few years would mea..n conditions or change of opinion is found to security th&n in income taxes, though the that the population aged 20 to 65 would make that desirable. significance of this comparison is not ap­ stabilize early in the next century but that THE RETIREMENT TEST parent. Many persons pay more for any num­ the number of older people would continue One of the provisions most frequently ber of things than they pay in income taxes, to grow for some time. If this happens it is under attack is the test of retirement. This and there is nothing inherently inequitable inevitable, of course, that a higher propor­ test, indeed, has been a bone of contention in charging them more for the protections tion of goods and services in the next cen­ for many years with much support for its afforded by social security than they are tury wlll need to go to older retired persons abandonment and for the automatic pay­ charged for the general support of govern­ as compared with active workers. This is true ment of benefits upon attainment of age 65. ment. No one can be dogmatic about what quite aside from social security and applies Basically, social security has been designed burdens on various income groups a.re toler­ equally to other devices for meeting the as insurance against loss of earnings, and able, or represent good social policy, but to needs of older people such as private pen· loss of earnings does not occur automatically say that the poor are too heavily taxed for sions, public assistance, or any other system at age 65. The retirement test is the mecha­ social security is to say either that their that might be designed for that purpose. nism that ls used to determine whether protection should be reduced or that it Fortunately, the same assumptions that such a loss has ta.ken place, its effect being should be more largely subsidized by the produce an increasing burden of support for reduction or suspension of benefits for wealthier segments of society. Not many ar­ older people reduce the burden of support periods in which earnings are above stated gue for the former alternative, but the latter for children. Thus active workers Will noi amounts. The amounts will be increased to is widely and properly a matter of debate. have to support any more non-workers than keep up to date with rising earnings by SOCIAL SECURITY GIVES CONTRIBUTORS A GOOD they do today as a result of these changed the automatic adjustment provisions in pres­ BARGAIN fertility rates, but under the assumptions ent law and, of course, as in the past they they will be supporting more older people may be further increased by amendments Statements have been broadly dissemi­ and fewer younger people. nated that social security gives the contrib­ to the law, but the present structure of the There are many ways that the next gen­ test is probably as fair a method as can be utor a poor bargain, and that he could do eration may choose to deal with problems far better by investing the amount of his caused by an increasing proportion of older devised if we a.re not to abandon retirement contributions in the private markets. This altogether as a condition of eligibllltv. ls not true. If we exclude speculative invest­ people in the population. One approach Some people believe, however, that this ments (including investment in the erst­ would be to increase the labor force partici­ condition of eligiblllty is basically unfair in pation rate for older people and thus reduce depriving people of benefits for continuing to while "ever-rising stock market"), which the burden of retirement benefits. And then, can always yield some individual a windfall work after reaching 65, and that it ls un­ but can also yield a terrible loss, the individ· too, with smaller families more women might desirable because it stands in the way of ual under the social security system receives work, again reducing the ratio of retired peo­ people on the benefit roll who wish to supple­ better value from the government than he ple to active workers. It may be true, too, ment their soclal security income as much a.s could obtain elsewhere. With the automatic that over the long run productivity increases they can. Those who support the retirement escalation of workers' benefit rights as wages in the United States will help meet the test point out that its abolition would cost rise, and the automatic cost-of-living in­ problem of supporting an increasing number the equivalent of a one-half of 1 % increase crease for those already on the benefit rollS, of older people. in the combined employer-employee contri­ 1972 there ls no question at all that the worker The amendments provided for the bution rate and would benefit less than one­ receives protection worth more than his automatic adjustment of benefits in accord­ tenth of the people over 65 who are otherwise total contributions with interest. This is true ance with increases in the cost of living. eligible for benefits. They ask whether funds even if all or most of the employer contribu­ These amendments also provided that pro­ in this a.mount are better used to supplement tion ls assumed to rest on the employee in tection for current wage earners would be the incomes of those who stlll have subst.an­ final incidence (either in the form of lower automatically upgraded as wages and prices tial ea.ming power or by spreading the funds wages or in terms of higher prices to him changed. The way these provisions work can among the nine-tenths who do not, or can­ as a consumer). As long as protection for result in protection over the long run in· not, earn enough to bring them within the current workers ls kept up to date via au­ creasing at a rate either more or less than ambit of the retirement test. Arguments tomatic escalation provisions there is no increases in wages, depending on the relative such as these have persisted over the yea.rs, way for the social security contributor to get movement of prices and wages. Because of but they have no bearing on the soundness better protection for his or her money. the specific wage and price assumptions used. or durability of the socl..al security system; current cost estiinates project that, over the abolition of the retirement test would aggra­ IMPROVING SOCIAL SECURITY FINANCING long run, benefit rates at the time individ· Congress keeps a watchful eye on the ac­ vate somewhat the problem of financing, but uals come on the rolls will ha. ve been in.. it would no more spell the doom of the pro­ tuarial balance of the social security system. creased more than increases in wages. It has sought, so far as knowledge available gram than does retention of the test. Con­ Congress may wish to consider substituting gress has repea.tedly concluded that adapta­ at any given time makes possible, to assure a. formula which assures that protection will the system of adequate financing both for the tion of the test in response to rising levels automatically keep up with increases in of earnings is preferable to its repeal. short run and for the long run. Thus on tbe wages but will not exceed such increases. If basis of all the information available at the A different attack on the retirement test, in the future it seemed desirable for benefits however, does have destructive implications. time of the most recent amendments, it was to be increased even more, this could be thought that the system was adequately fi­ This is the contention that if benefits are done by legislation. Such a change in the withheld on account of earnings, they should nanced within a reasonable range for such formula would have two results: One it estimates. also be withheld on account of the receipt of would provide workers with a greater ~er­ private pension payments, dividends, inter­ It now appears likely, however, that the tainty that benefits would reflect their level system will require some additional financ­ est, or other unearned income-in other of living at the time of retirement, or dis­ words, that the payment of benefits should ing. The current rate of inflation ls so high ability, or death; and, two, it would result that benefit increases tied to the cost of liv­ be conditioned on a. means test. This change in a substantially lower long-range cost than would deprive the program of one of its ma­ ing are outrunning the additional income is shown by the current estimates. from higher wages. It ls estimated that over jor strengths, its encouragement of people t he next 25 years income to support the ca.sh WEIGHING THE ALTERNATIVES AND THEIR COSTS in their working yea.rs to supplement their benefit program wlll need to be increased by Congress in the years ahead will by no social security protection through savings about 10% to 15%. Much less than this will means confine its attention to the problem and private pension plans. The change, in­ be needed in the early part of this period of financing, but will examine a wide range deed, would in all likelihood mean the end and more in the latter part. The additional of issues about particulars of the system. of contributory social insurance, since the income could come, of course, in part from These particulars re:fiect past judgments of masses of self-supporting people would hardly an increase in the maximum earnings base the best use to which available funds can be put up with paying social security contribu­ rather than entirely from the contribution put, but those judgments have always been tions if they knew they would get nothing rate or it could come from general revenues and are now open to reassessment. Some of in return unless they should ultimately fall rather than from either. In any event, the these issues, however, have been seized upon into the ranks of the indigent. size of the problem over the next 25 years by current critics of the system with the SOCIAL INSURANCE-NOT A MEANS-TEST PROGRAM ls easily manageable and certainly does not assertion that present provisions of the law Mechanisms for preventing destitution in constitute a financial crisis. are mantfestly unjust and that this sup- old age or 1n the event of the dea.th or dis- 4198 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE Feb1~uary 25, 1975 ability of the family breadwinner are, broadly know. Social security ls indeed "welf&re" in speaking, of two kinds, contributory and non­ the true sense of the word, which is the Mr. EVANS of Indiana, for 5 minutes, contributory. The nation ha.s chooen con­ sense also in which the Constitution uses it. today. tributory social insurance as the primary The system was created by an exercise of the Mr. FASCELL, for 10 minutes, today. mechanism, a.nd those who would abandon power of Congress to raise and spend money Mr. DANIELSON, for 10 minutes, today. th.at system must be prepared to substitute to "provide for the . . . . genera.I welfare of Mr. ZABLOCKI, for 5 minutes, today. some form of noncontributory aid to those the United States"-the welfare of all the groups in the population who a.re now eli­ Mr. DOWNEY, for 5 minutes, on Feb- mlllions of people who, though now self­ ruary 26. gible for social security benefits. supporting, would without social security A 100-percent noncontributory system, quickly face destitution if or when ee.rnings Mr. THORNTON, for 20 minutes, on lacking the compad between government and cease because of old age or disability, or sup­ February 26. contributors that is built into social secu­ port ceases because of death of a family Mr. SOLARZ, for 30 minutes, on March rity, could offer no comparable assurance to breadwinner; a.s well, of course, as the wel­ 4. working people, or even to those a.Iree.dy on fare of the other millions who have already the rolls, that the promised benefits would suffered one of these deprivations. "The hope not be curtailed in times of budgetary strin­ behind this statute," said Mr. Justice Car­ gency. Designing such a system, moreover, dozo in 1937, "is to save men and women EXTENSION OF REMARKS would re.ise many thorny questions in speci­ from the vigors of the poorhourse as well fying who should ~ive benefits, how large as from the haunting fear that such a loit By unanimous consent, permission to they should be, a.nd how, if at all, their awaits them when journey's end ls near." revise and extend remarks was granted amounts should be varied. That hope has been too largely fulfilled to to: There is a.n almost 1n1lnite variety of theo­ make for tolerance of those who would now Mr. BuRKE of Massachusetts, notwith­ retica.I answers t.o these questions but the destroy it. hard reality is that a noncontributory system standing the fact that it exceeds two would almost inevitably come to rest upon pages of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD and a means test so that no one would receive LEAVE OF ABSENCE is estimated by the Public Printer to benefits until after poverty had overtaken cost $834. him. Why, the argument would run, should By unanimous consent, leave of ab­ equent convictions; to the Commit­ ize fl.na.ncia.l assistance to coastal States to mittee on Government Operations. tee on the Judiciary. enable them to study, assess, and plan effec­ By Mr. HANNAFORD: By Mr. CRANE: tively with respect to the impact within their H.R. 3649. A bill to a.mend the National H.R. 3628. A bill to protect the freedom of coastal zones of off-shore energy-related fa­ School Lunch Act and the Child Nutrition choice of Federal employees in employee­ cllities and activities and to assure the max­ Act to extend certain authorizations of ap­ management relations; to the Committee on imum effectiveness of the coastal zone man­ propriations for 3 additional fl.seal years; to Post Office a.nd Civil Service . agement plans of such States; and for other the Committee on Education and Labor. By Mr. DENT (for himself and Mr. purposes; jointly, to the Committees on Mer­ By Mr. HENDERSON: GUDE): chant Marine and Fisheries and Interior and H.R. 3650. A blll to clarify the application H.R. 3629. A bill to guarantee the constitu­ Insular Affairs. of section 8344 of title 5, United States Code, tional right to vote and to provide uniform H.R. 3638. A bill to amend the Outer Con­ relating to civil service annuities and pay procedures for absentee voting in Federa.1 tinental Shelf Lands Act to provide for strict upon reemployment, a.nd for other purposes; elections in the case of citizens outside the liability in the case of damage caused by oll to the Committee on Post Office and Civil United States; to the Committee on House spills, and for other purposes; jointly, to the Service. Administration. Committees on the Judiciary, Merchant Ma­ H.R. 3651. A bill to amend title 5, United By Mr. DEVINE: rine and Fisheries, Interior and Insular Af­ States Code, to provide that employees sub­ H.R. 3630. A bill to give greater assurance fairs, and Science and Technology. ject to certain pay limitations shall be that national a.nd regional needs are sa.tlsfl.ed By Mr. FRASER (for himself, Mr. credited, for civil service retirement and life in times of shortage of natural gas a.nd petro­ BIESTER, Mr. BUCHANAN, Mr. DIGGS, insurance purposes, with the pay they would leum and its products; to the Committee on Mr. WEAVER, and Mr. MAGUIRE) : have received if such pay limitations were not Interstate and Foreign Commerce. H.R. 3639. A bill to amend the United Na­ applicable, and for other purposes; to the By Mr. DOWNEY: tions Participation Act of 1945 to halt the Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. H.R. 3631. A bill to amend the Internal importation of Rhodesian chrome; to the By Mr. KASTEN: Revenue Code of 1954 to allow the deduction Committee on Foreign Affairs. H.R. 3652. A bill to amend the State and of the portion of certain taxes which ls By Mr. FREY: Local Fiscal Assistance Act of 1972 to extend a.l.loca.ble to the construction of sewage treat­ H.R. 3640. A bill to amend title 18, United the Federal revenue sharing program for an ment works; to the Committee on Ways and States Code, to promote public confidence in additional period, to periodically increase the Means. the legislative branch of the Government of amounts returned to States and local govern­ By Mr. DRINAN (for himSelf, Ms. the United States by requiring the disclosure ments under such program, and for other ABZUG, Mr. BADILLO, Mr. BEARD Of by Members of Congress and certain em­ purposes; to the Committee on Government Rhode Island, Ms. BURKE of Cali­ ployees of the Congress of certain financial Operations. fornia., Mr. CARR, Mr. HA.RRmGTON, Mr. interests; to the Committee on Standards of By Mr. KASTENMEIER: HEcHLER of West Virglnia, Mr. Official Conduct. H.R. 3653. A bill to a.mend section 5051 of HELSTOSKI, Mr. HICKS, Ms. HOLTZ­ By Mr. FREY (for himself, Mr. FORD of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (relating MAN, Mr. MAGUIRE, Mr. MITCHELL Of Tennessee, Mr. l:TTNGATE, and Mr. to the Federal excise tax on beer) ; to the Maryland, Mr. PATTERSON of Cali­ MITCHELL of New York) : Committee on Ways and Means. fornia, Mr. ROSENTHAL, Mr. RoE, Mr. H.R. 3641. A bill to amend title 38 of the H.R. 3654. A bill to a.mend the Internal ROYBAL, Mr. SCHEUER, Mr. SIMON, Mr. United States Code in order to provide serv­ Revenue Code of 1954 to permit the deduc­ SoLARZ, Mr. STARK, Mr. THOMPSON, ice pension to certain veterans of World War tion of household and dependent care ex­ Mr. TSONGAS, Mr. WmTH, a.nd Mr. I and pension to the widows of such veterans; penses by a married couple when one spouse HANNAFORD): to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. is a full-time student to the same extent H.R. 3632. A bill to a.mend the Internal By Mr. GIAIMO: that such expenses could be deducted if both Revenue Code of 1954 to increase the excise H.R. 3642. A bill to amend title 38 of the spouses were employed; to the Committee on tax on cigarettes, and to amend the Public United States Code to make certain that re­ Way::. and Means. Health Service Act to increase the authoriza­ cipients of veterans' pension and compensa­ By Mr. KOCH: tion for appropriations for the National Heart tion will not have the amount of such pen­ H.R. 3655. A bill to restrict the disclosure and Lung Institute by amounts equal to the sion or compensation reduced because of of information in the possession of telephone increase in receipts from such tax; to the increases in monthly social security benefits companies or telegraph companies concerning Committee on Ways and Means. to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. members of the news media; to the Commit­ By Mr. FISH: H.R. 3643. A blll to amend title II of the tee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. H.R. 3633. A bill to prohibit the Consumer Social Security Act so as to remove the By Mr. KREBS: Product Safety Commission from restricting llmitation upon the amount of outside in­ H.R. 3656. A bill to study certain lands in the sale or manufacture of fl.rearms or am­ come which an individual may earn while the Sierra National Forest, Calif., for the pos­ munition; to the Committee on Interstate receiving benefits thereunder; to the Com­ sible inclusion in the National Wilderness and Foreign Commerce. mittee on Ways and Means. Preservation System; to the Committee on H.R. 3634. A bill to amend title II of the H.R. 3644. A bill to amend the Social Se­ Interior and Insular Affairs. Social Security Act to provide that the earn­ curity Act to assure that whenever there is By Mr. LENT: ings standard used in determining whether a a. general increase in social security benefits H.R. 3657. A bill to amend the Internal recipient of disability Insurance benefits is there will be a corresponding increase in the Revenue Code of 1954 to exclude from gross able to engage in substantial gainful activity standard of need used to determine eligibil­ income certain interest on deposits in sav­ shall be the same as the exempt a.mount in ity for aid or assistance under State plans ings institutions; to the Committee on Ways effect under the regular earnings test for re­ approved under title I, X, XIV, XVI, and and Means. cipients of retirement and survivor benefits; XIX of such act; jointly to the Committees By Mr. LEVITAS: to the Committee on Ways and Means. on Ways and Means and Interstate and H.R. 3658. A bill to permit either House of By Mr. FORD of Michigan (for himSel! Foreign Commerce. Congress to disapprove certain rules pro­ and Mr. O'HARA) : By Mr. GIAIMO .(for himself, Mr. COT­ posed by executive agencies; jointly, to the H.R. 3635. A bill to provide emergency re­ TER, Mr. DODD, Mr. McKINNEY, Mr. Committees on the Judiciary, and Rules. lief with respect to home mortgage indebted­ MOFFETT, and Mr. SARASIN): By Mr. LITTON (for himself, Mr. ALEX­ ness, to refinance home mortgages, to extend H.R. 3645. A bill to provide one additional ANDER, Mr. AUCOIN, Mr. CARR, Mr. relief to the owners of homes who are unable permanent district judgeship for the district EMERY, Mr. FORD of Tennessee, Mr. to amortize their debt elsewhere, and for HOWE, Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. KREBS, Mrs. other purposes; to the Committee on Bank­ of Connecticut; to the Committee on the Judiciary. LLOYD of Tennessee, Mr. MAGumE, ing, Currency and Housing. MANN, H.R. 3646. A bill to amend the Voting Mr. Mr. MATHIS, Mr. MIKVA, By Mr. FORD of Michigan (for himself, Mr. Moss, Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. OTTIN­ Mr. GAYDOS, Mr. ROE, Mr. SARBANES, Rights Act of 1965 to extend certain pro­ GER, Mr. PATTISON of New York, Mr. and Mr. STUDDS) ! visions for an additional 10 years and to PATTEP.SON of California, Mr. RICH­ H.R. 3636. A blll to amend the Fair Labor make permanent the ban against certain MOND, Mr. SI:M.ON, Mr. SOLARZ, Ms. Standards Act of 1938, to require prenotifica­ prerequisites to voting; to the Committee on SPELLMAN, Mr. WEAVER, and Mr. tion to affected employees and communities the Judiciary. WmTH): of dislocation of business concerns, to pro- By Mr. GOLDWATER: H.R. 3659. A bill to amend the Leglslatlve vide assistance (including retraining) to em­ H.R. 3647. A blll to amend the Federal Reorganization Act of 1970 to provide semi­ ployees who suffer employment loss through Aviation Act of 1958 to permit aliens hold­ nars to fresh.men Members of the Congress, the dislocation of business concerns, to busi­ ing permanent residence visas to register air­ and for other purposes; to the Committee on ness concerns threatened with dislocation, craft in the United States, and for other House Administration. February 25, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4201 By Mr. LUJAN: By Mr. MATSUNAGA: H.R. 3687. A bill to amend the Internal H.R. 3660. A bill to prohibit the sale, aliena­ H.R. 3674. A bill to create a national sys­ Revenue Code of 1954 to exclude from gross tion, or commitment of gold by the Secretary tem of health security; to the Committee on income the interest on deposits in certain of the Treasury without prior approval by Ways and Means. savings institutions; to the Committee on act of Congress; to the Committee on Bank­ By Mr. MIKVA (for himself, Mr. Ros­ Ways and Means. ing, currency and Housing. TENKOWSKI, Mr. Russo, Mr. ScHEUER, By Mr. PEYSER (for himself, Ms. H.R. 3661. A bill to amend the Foreign and Mr. STOKES) : ABZUG, Mr. CARR, Mr. CONYERS, Mr. Assistance Act of 1961 to expand American H.R. 3675. A bill to prohibit the importa­ DODD, Ms. FENWICK, Mr. FRASER, Mr. exports by utilizing foreign currencies owned tion, manufacture, sale, purchase, transfer, HARRINGTON, Mr. KOCH, Mr. ROSEN• by the United States to pay foreign import receipt, or transportation of handguns, except THAL, Mr. SoLARZ, Mr. STARK, and Mr. duties on such exports, and for other pur­ for or by members of the Armed Forces, law STOKES): poses; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. enforcement officials, and, where authorized, R.R. 3688. A bill to provide Federal assist­ H.R. 3662. A bill to provide for the convey­ licensed importers, manufacturers, dealers, ance for programs of consumer's nutritional ance of certain real property in Sandoval and pistol clubs; to the Committee on the education; to the Committee on Agriculture. County, N. Mex.; to the Committee on In• Judiciary. By Mr. PRICE (for himself and Mr. BOB terior and Insular Affairs. By Mr. MILLER of Ohio: WILSON) (by request): H.R. 3663. A bill to designate the Miners H.R. 3676. A bill to amend the National H.R. 3689. A bill to authorize appropria­ Hospital in Raton, N. Mex., a public health Flood Insurance Act of 1968 to continue the tions during the fiscal year 1976, the period service hosp.ital to be known as the "Miners' present federally subsidized flood insurance beginning July 1, 1976, and ending Septem­ Rehabilitation and Medical Hospital"; to program in any locality where construction ber 30, 1976, and the fiscal year 1977 for pro­ the Committee on Interstate and Foreign of an adequate flood protection system has curement of aircraft, missiles, naval vessels, Commerce. begun, and to eliminate the compulsory fea­ tracked combat vehicles, torpedoes, and other H.R. 3664. A bill to establish regional Fed­ tures added to such program by the Flood weapons, and research, development, test and eral Medical Malpracticd Boards to reduce Disaster Protection Act of 1973; to the Com­ evaluation for the Armed Forces, and to pre­ the expense of bringing, and the awards mittee on Banking, Currency and Housing. scribe the authorized personnel strength for granted in, medical malpractice suits in the H.R. 3677. A bill to prevent the abandon­ each active duty component and of the Se­ United States; to the Committee on the ment of railroad lines covered by the Rall lected Reserve of each Reserve component Judiciary. Reorganization Act; to the Committee on of the Armed Forces and of civilian person­ H.R. 3665. A bill to provide that members Interstate and Foreign Commerce. nel of the Department of Defense, and to of all commissions, councils, and similar By Mr. NIX: authorize the military training student loads bodies in the executive branch of the H.R. 3678. A bill to amend the Sherman and for other purposes; to the Committee Government appointed from private life shall Antitrust Act to clarify the intent of the on Armed Services. serve without any remuneration for their Congress with respect to marketing coopera­ By Mr. RICHMOND: services other than travel, subsistence, and tives; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 3690. A bill to permit officers and em­ other necessary expenses; to the Committee By Mr. OBERSTAR: ployees of the Federal Government to elect on Post Office and Civil Service. H.R. 3679. A bill to amend the Social Se­ coverage under the old-age, survivors, and H.R. 3666. A bill to amend the Internal curity Act to provide for inclusion of the disability insul'ance system; to the Commit­ Revenue Code of 1954 to allow a credit services of licensed registered nurses under tee on Ways and Means. against the individual income tax for tuition medicare and medicaid; jointly to the Com­ By Mr. RICHMOND (for himself, Ms. paid for the elementary or secondary edu­ mittees on Ways and Means, and Interstate ABZUG, and Mr. ROSENTHAL): cation of dependents; to the Committee on and Foreign Commerce. H.R. 3691. A bill to amend the National Ways and Means. By Mr.OBEY: School Lunch Act and the Child Nutrition H.R. 3667. A bill to amend the Internal H.R. 3680. A bill to declare that certain Act of 1966 for the purpose of authorizing Revenue Code of 1954 to provide that blood federally owned land is held by the United additional appropriations for programs au­ donations shall be considered as charitable States in trust for the Lac Courte Oreilles thorized by those acts; to the Committee on contributions deductible from gross income; Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, Education and Labor. to the Committee on Ways and Means. and to make such lands parts of the reserva­ By Mr. ROUSH (for himself, Mr. BA­ H.R. 3668. A bill to a.mend the Internal tion involved; to the Committee on Interior DILLO, Mr. BEVILL, Mrs. BURKE of Revenue Code of 1954 to allow a deduction and Insular Affairs. California, Mr. CLEVELAND, Mr. COR­ for expenses incurred by a taxpayer in mak­ H.R. 3681. A bill to amend section 5051 of MAN, Mr. DAVIS, Mr. EILBERG, Mr. ing repairs and improvements to his resi­ the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (relating FLOOD, Mr. GAYDOS, Mr. HANNAFORD, dence; to the Committee on Ways and Means. to the Federal excise tax on beer); to the Mr. HECHLER of West Virginia, Mrs. H.R. 3669. A bill to amend the Internal Committee on Ways and Means. HECKLER of Massachusetts, Mr. Revenue Code of 1954 to allow a deduction By Mr. PICKLE: HINSHAW, Mrs. KEYS, Mr. MADDEN, from gross income for certain social secu­ H.R. 3682. A bill to amend the Federal Mr. MANN, Mr. OBEY, Mr. RODINO, rity taxes; to the Committee on Ways and Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to clarify the Mr. ROE, Mr. SARBANES, Mr. SIKES, Means. authority of the Secretary of Health, Educa­ and Mrs. SULLIVAN) : H.R. 3670. A bill to amend the Internal tion, and Welfare with respect to foods for H.R. 3692. A bill to amend the Communi­ Revenue Code of 1954 to allow a credit special dietary use; to the Committee on cations Act of 1934 to provide grants to against income tax to individuals for certain Interstate and Foreign Commerce. States and units of local government for the expenses incurred in providing higher edu­ By Mr. PERKINS: establishment, equipping, and operations of cation; to the Committee on Ways and H.R. 3683. A bill to amend title II of the emergency communications facilities to make Means. Social Security Act to make it clear that an the national emergency telephone No. 911 H.R. 3671. A bill to amend the Internal individual who loses his or her entitlement available throughout the United States; to Revenue Code of 1954 to encourage higher to child's insurance benefits by reason of the Committee on Interstate and Poreign education, and particularly the private fund­ marriage may again become entitled to such Commerce. ing thereof, by authorizing a deduction from benefits if divorced (while still otherwise By Mr. RUPPE: gross income of reasonable amounts contrib­ entitled) before attaining age 22; , to the R.R. 3693. A bill to authorize and direct uted to a qualified higher education fund Committee on Ways and Means. the Secretary of Agriculture to study lands established by the taxpayer for the purpose within the Keweenaw Peninsula of Michi­ By Mr. PEYSER: gan to determine if the lands should be ac­ of funding the higher education of his de­ H.R. 3684. A bill to amend the Older Ameri­ pendents; to the Committee on Ways and cans Act of 1965 to provide that the Secre­ quired and administered as National Forest Means. tary of Agriculture shall buy beef and beef lands; to the Committee on Agriculture. H.R. 3672. A bill to establish a national products for donation to nutritional pro­ By Mr. SIKES: family health protection program under grams for the elderly during fl.seal years 1975 H.R. 3694. A bill to amend the Internal which the Federal Government, in coopera­ and 1976; to the Committee on Education Revenue Code of 1954 to increase from $1 tion with, and acting through, private quali­ and Labor. million to $10 million the exemption from fied companies, will make adequate health H.R. 3685. A bill to authorize the Secretary industrial development bond treatment for insurance available to every individual and of the Interior to establish a National Law certain small issues; to the Committee on family in the United States regardless of Enforcement Heroes Memorial within the Ways and Means. their income; jointly to the Committees on District of Columbia, and for other purposes; By Mr. SIKES (for himself and Mr. Ways and Means, and Interstate and Foreign to the Committee on House Administration. LOTT): Commerce. H.R. 3686. A bill to amend title II of the H.R. 3695. A bill to amend the act estab­ By Mr. McEWEN: Social Security Act so as to liberalize the lishing the Gulf Islands National Seashore H.R. 3673. A bill to authorize the Secretary conditions governing eligibility o! blind per­ to increase the amount authorized for the of Agriculture to regulate the transportation sons to receive disability insurance benefits acquisition of private property to be Included of horses in commerce, and for other pur­ thereunder; to the Committee on Ways and in the seashore; to the Committee on Inte­ poses; to the Committee on Agriculture. Means. rior and Insular Affairs. 4202 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE February 25, 1975 By Mr. SISK: By Mr. BEARD of Tennessee: By Mr. FINDLEY (for himself, Mr. H.R. 3696. A bill to amend the eligib111ty H.R. 3710. A bill to authorize the One HAGEDORN, Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado, requirements for an emergency loan from Hundred and First Airborne Division Asso­ Mr. LrrroN, Mr. MADIGAN, Mr. SEBE­ the Farmers Home Administration; to the ciation to erect a memorial in the District LIUS, Mr. THONE, and Mr. ANDERSON Committee on Agriculture. of Columbia. or its environs; to the Commit­ of Illinois) : By Mr. TALCOTT: tee on House Administration. H.R. 3717. A bill to a.mend the Agriculture H.R. 3697. A bill making a supplemental By Mr. BROYHILL (for himself, Mr. and Consumer Protection Act of 1973, as appropriation for the Department of Health, CRANE, Mr. BUCHANAN, Mr. DON H. a.mended, for the purpose of terminating the Education, and Welfare tor the fiscal year CLAUSEN, Mr. LENT, Mrs. FENWICK, requirement for the prior approval of the ending September 30, 1976, to provide funds and Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT) : export sales of agricultural commodities; to to conduct a study of the effects of the red H.R. 3711. A bill to provide authorizations the Committee on Agriculture. tide on human health; to the Committee on for appropriations for the regulatory agen­ Appropriations. By Mr. FOLEY (for himself, Mr. POAGE, cies of the Federal Government !or fiscal Mr. WAMPLER, and Mr. SEBELIUS) : H.R. 3698. A blll to provide for paper years 1976, 1977, and 1978; jointly to the money of the United States to carry a des­ H.R. 3718. A bill to enable cattle producers Committees on Interstate and Foreign Com­ to establish, finance, and carry out a co­ ignation in braille indicating the denomina­ merce, Public Works and Transportation. tion; to the Committee on Banking, Cur­ ordinated program of research, producer and rency and Housing. By Mr. COHEN (for himself, Mr, AN­ consumer education, and promotion to im­ H.R. 3699. A bill to establish a Federal pro­ DREWS of North Dakota, Mr. STOKES, prove, maintain, and develop markets for gram. to encourage the voluntary donation of Mr. MCKINNEY, and Mr. JEFFORDS) : cattle, beef, and beef products; to the Com­ pure and safe blood, and to establish a na­ H.R. 3712. A bill to establish in the Depart­ mittee on Agriculture. tional registry of blood donors; to the Com­ ment of Housing and Urban Development a By Mr. FORSYTHE: mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. direct low-interest loan program to assist H.R. 3719. A bill to a.mend the Natiunal By Mr. TALCOTT (for himself, Mr. homeowners and other owners of residential Environmental Poitcy Act to provide for the HORTON, Mr. JOHNSON of Pennsyl­ structures in purchasing and installing more filing of certain supplemental information vania, and Mr. YouNG of Florida.): effective insulation and heating equipment; statements; to the Committee on Merchant H.R. 3700. A blll to amend title 5, United to the Committee on Banking, Currency and Marine and Fisheries. States Code, to provide that the Director of Housing. By Mr. FULTON: the Office of Management and Budget be By Mr. COHEN (for himself, Mr. AN­ H.R. 3720. A bill to prohibit any change in paid the annual rate of basic pay prescribed DREWS of North Dakota, Mr. GUDE, the status of any member of the uniformed for Level I of the Executive Pay Schedule; Mr. STOKES, Mr. McKINNEY, Mr. JEF­ services who is in a. missing status under to the Committee on Post Office and Civil FORDS, Mr. SARBANES, and Mr. BU­ chapter 10 of title 37, United States Code, Service. CHANAN): until the provisions of the Paris Peace Ac­ By Mr. TEAGUE: H.R. 3713. A bill to a.mend the Internal Rev­ cord of January 27, 1973, have been fully H.R. 3701. A blll to a.mend chapter 41 of enue Code of 1954 to encourage greater con­ complied with, and f•r other purposes; to title 38, United States Code, to improve job servation of energy in home heating and the Committee on Armed Services. counseling and employment services for vet­ cooling by allowing individuals a credit for H.R. 3721. A bill to amend title 18 of the erans, and for other purposes; to the Com­ 25 percent of amounts paid or incurred for United States Code to prohibit any person mittee on Veterans' Affairs. the installation of more effective insulation to travel in or use any instrumentality of By Mr. TEAGUE (for himself and Mr. and heating equipment in existing resi­ interstate commerce to acquire a purported HAMMERSCHMIDT) (by request): dential structures; to the Committee on title to a. stolen automobile; to the Com­ H.R. 3702. A bill to provide for an 8-yea.r Ways and Means. mittee on the Judiciary. delimiting period for the pursuit of educa­ By Mr. DOWNING (for himself, Mr. H.R. 3722. A bill to a.mend title 38 of the tional programs by veterans, Wives, and WHITEHURST, Mrs. SPELLMAN, and United States Code to remove the time widows, and for other purposes; to the Com­ Mr. WON PAT) : liinitation within which programs of educa­ mittee on Veterans' Affairs. H.R. 3714. A bill to direct the Secretary of tion for veterans must be completed, and By Mr. WHALEN: Transportation to make a comprehensive restore on behalf of certain veterans educa­ H.R. 3703. A blll to expand the member­ study of a high-speed ground transportation tional assistance benefits which had pre­ ship of the Advisory Commission on Inter­ system between Washington, District of Co­ viously terminated; to the Committee on governmental Relations to include elected lumbia, and Annapolis, Md., and a high-speed Veterans' Affairs. school board offi.cia.ls; to the Committee on Inarine vessel transportation system between H.R. 3723. A bill to permit officers and em­ Government Operations. the -Anna.polis area in Maryland ployees of the Federal Government to elect By Mr. WHITE (for himself, Mr. LEH­ and the Yorktown-Williamsburg-Norfolk coverage under the old-age, survivors, and MAN, Mr. HINSHAW, Mr. BAFALIS, Mr. area in Virginia; and if the study :findings disabllity insurance system; to the Commit­ ERLENBORN, Mr. FuQUA, Mr. GREEN, are positive, to direct t]1at the Department of tee on Ways and Means. Mr. UDALL, and Mr. McKAY) : Transportation proceed with construction By Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT: H.R. 3704. A bill to amend title 13, United within 1 yeat from resources allocated for R.R. 3724. A bill to amend section 355 of States Code, to provide for a mid-decade such programs or seek enabling legislation title 38, United States Code, relating to the sample survey of population, and for other for additional resources if such is required; authority of the Administrator of Veterans' purposes; to the Committee on Post Office to the Committe on Public Works and Trans­ Affairs to readjust the schedule of ratings and Civil Service. portation. for the disabilities of veterans; to the Com­ By Mr. WHITEHURST: mittee on Veterans' Affairs. H.R. 3705. A bill to amend title 10, United By Mr. DRINAN: By Mr.HOWE: States Code, to permit the recomputation of H.R. 3715. A bill to require the President H.R. 3725. A bill to limit the use of retired pay of certain members and former to take all necessary action to strictly en­ limousines and passenger motor vehicles by members of the armed forces; to the Com­ force the regulation promulgated under sec­ officers and employees of the Federal Govern­ mittee on Armed Services. tion 4 of the Emergency Petroleum Alloca­ ment, and for other purposes; to the Com­ By Mr. YOUNG of Alaska: tion Act of 1973 and all orders issued under Inittee on Government Operations. H.R. 3706. A bill to provide equitable treat­ such act, and for other purposes; to the Com­ By Mr. JENRETTE: ment for persons employed as te<:hnicians in mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. H.R. 3726. A bill to provide for the control the National Guard in crediting service for By Mr. ENGLISH (for himself, Mr. of imported fire ants by permitting the ju­ civil service retirement, and for other pur­ JARMAN, Mr. RISENHOOVER, and Mr. dicious use of Mirex in coastal counties; to poses; to the Committee on Post Office and STEED): the Committee on Agriculture. Civil Service. H.R. 3716. A bill to provide that certain By Mr. JOHNSON of Pennsylvania: H.R. 3707. A bill to provide equitable treat­ rural hospitals shall be exempt for a period H.R. 3727. A bill to prevent the abandon­ ment for persons employed as technicians in of 18 months from the requirements and pro­ ment of railroad lines covered by the Rail the National Guard in crediting service for visions of title XI of the Social Security Act Reorganization Act; to the Committee on civil service retirement, and for other pur­ Interstate and Foreign Commerce. poses; to the Committee on Post Office and relating to professional standards review or­ Civil Service. ganizations, and from the 1972 amendments By Mr. LITTON (for himself, Mr. By Mr. ALEXANDER: to titles XVIII, XIX, and V of such act (and SYMMS, Mr. DU PONT, Mr. HENDER­ H.R. 3708. A bill to amend the Vocational the recently-approved regulations relating SON, Ms. HOLT, Mr. FRENZEL, Mr. Education Act of 1963 to improve the admin­ thereto) on utilization review and utiliza­ COUGHLIN, Mr. GUDE, Mr. RUPPE, istration of postsecondary vocational educa­ tion control under the medics.re, medlca.ld, Ms. LLOYD Of Tennessee, Mr. JEF­ tion programs, and for other purposes; to the and maternal and child health programs; FORDS, Mr. COHEN, Mr. KETCHUM, and to provide for a 6-month study of alter­ Mr. COCHRAN, Mr. LUJAN, Mr. Committee on Education and Labor. PREYER, and Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT): H.R. 3709. A blll to amend the Internal native methods of utilization review and H.R. 3728. A bill to amend the Food Stamp Revenue Code of 1954 to raise the estate tax utilization control !or such hospitals; jointly Act of 1964 to prohibit any individual from exemption from $60,000 to $180,000; to the to the Committees on Ways and Means, and Committee on Ways and Means. receiving food stamps who receives at least Interstate and Foreign Commerce. one-half of his income from any other indi- February 25, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4203" vidual who is a member of another house­ By Mrs. MINK: By Mr. BRADEMAS: hold which is ineligible for food stamps; to H.R. 3735. A bill to amend the Mineral H.J. Res. 241. Joint resolution to provide the Committee on Agriculture. Lands Leasing Act to provide for a more effi­ for the designation of the second full calen­ By Mr. LITTON (for himself, Mr. cient and equitable method for the explora­ dar week in March 1975 as National Employ SOLARZ, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. tion for and development of oil shale re­ the Older Worker Week; to the Committee on STOKES, Mr. ROYBAL, Ms. SCHROEDER, sources on Federal lands, and for other pur­ Post Office and Civil Service. Mr. HAWKINS, Mr. ANDREWS of North poses; to the Committee on Interior and By Mr. COUGHLIN (for himself, Mr. Dakota., Ms. CHISHOLM, Mr. PATMAN, Insular Affairs. TAYLOR of , Mr. BELL, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. AsPIN, and Mr. By Mr. PERKINS (for himself, Mr. Mrs. BOGGS, Mr. COCHRAN, Mr. CON­ HAGEDORN): QUIE, Mr. MEEDS, Mrs. SCHROEDER, ABLE, Mrs. FENWICK, Mr. FLOOD, Mr. H.R. 3729. A bill to amend the Higher Ed­ and Mr. MoTTL) : FRENZEL, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. HENDER­ ucation Act of 1965 to provide that institu­ H.R. 3736. A bill to amend the National SON, Mr. JOHNSON of Pennsylvania, tions of higher education and vocational School Lunch and Child Nutrition Acts in Mr. RICHMOND, Mr. ROE, Mr. RUPPE, schools shall not be eligible for purposes of order to extend and revise the special food Mr. SARBANES, Mr. SCHEUER, Mr. federally assisted student loans unless they service program for children and the school TREEN, Mr. VANDER VEEN, and Mr. carry out a policy of tuition refunds for stu­ breakfast program, and for other purposes WINN): dents who withdraw from courses of study at related to strengthening the school lunch H.J. Res. 242. Joint resolution to author­ such institutions or schools, and for other and child nutrition programs; to the Com­ ize and request the President to issue a proc­ purposes; to the Committee on Education mittee on Education and Labor. lamation designating the calendar week and Labor. By Mr. SISK: beginning May 12, 1975, as National Historic By Mr. LITTON (for himself, Mr. H.R. 3737. A bill to require that specific Preservation Week; to the Committee on ROUSH, Mr. WOLFF, Mrs. ScHROEDER, alien and citizenship status information be Post Office and Civil Service. Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. CORMAN, and Mr. provided prior to the issuance of a social By Mr. DENT (for himself and Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT) : security ca.rd, to require that social security FULTON): H.R. 3730. A bill to amend the Occupa­ cards which cannot be duplicated be issued, H.J. Res. 243. Joint resolution requiring tional Safety and Health Act of 1970 to pro­ to require that these cards be presented to congressional approval of postal rate in­ vide that the Administrator of the Small employers by prospective employees before creases; to the Committee on Post Office and Business Administration may render onsite obtaining employment, to provide penalties Civil Service. consultation and advice to certain small busi­ against employers for violating the provi­ By Mr. McCORMACK: ness employers to assist such employers in sions of this act, and for other purposes; H.J. Res. 244. Joint resolution designating providing safe and healthful working condi­ to the Committee on Ways and Means. the square dance as the national folk dance tions for their employees; to the Committee By Mr. TRAXLER: of the United States of America; to the on Education and Labor. H.R. 3738. A bill to amend title 38 of the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. LITTON (for himself, Mr. United States Code to make certain that By Mr. PEYSER: BOWEN, Mr. CARR, Mr. BROOMFIELD, recipients of veterans' pension and compen­ H.J. Res. 245. Joint resolution to author­ Mr. HINSHAW, Mr. SYMMS, Mr. SEI­ sation will not have the amount of such ize the President to proclaim the 22d day of BERLING, Mr. STARK, Mr. MITCHELL of pension or compensation reduced because of April of each year as Queen Isabella Day; New York, Mr. D'AMOURS, Mr. HEN­ increases in monthly social security benefits; to the Committee on Post Office and Civil DERSON, :Ms. CHISHOLM, Mr. KET­ to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Service. CHUM, Mr. LAFALCE, Mr. FLOOD, and By Mr. WHITE: By Mr. SNYDER: Mr. HYDE): H.R. 3739. A bill to amend the Immigra­ H.J. Res. 246. Joint resolution proposing H.R. 3731. A bill to amend the Occupational tion and Nationality Act to provide for the an amendment to the Constitution of the Safety and Health Act of 1970 to provide that issuance of nonimmigrant visas to certain United States guaranteeing the right of life the Administrator of the Small Business Ad­ aliens entering the United States to perform to the unborn; to the Committee on the ministration may render on site consultation services or labor of a temporary or seasonal Judiciary. and advice to certain small business em­ nature under specific contracts of employ­ By Mr. WHITTEN: ployers to assist such employers in providing ment and fair employment conditions; to H.J. Res. 247 Joint resolution providing safe and healthful working conditions for require an immigrant alien to maintain a for the designation of the first week in May their employees; to the Committee on Edu­ permanent residence as a condition for en­ of each year as Be Kind to Animals Week; cation and Labor. tering and remaining as an immigrant to the to the Committee on Post Office and Civil By Mr. LITTON (for himself, Mr. Bo­ United States, and for other purposes; to Service. LAND, Mr. NEDZI, Mr. WAGGONNER, the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. ZABLOCKI: Mr. GILMAN, Ms. SCHROEDER, Mr. FuL­ Mr. WHITE {for hiinself, Mr. HORTON, H.J. Res. 248. Joint resolution proposing TON, Mr. THONE, Mr. FORD of Ten­ Mr. McKAY, Mr. CARR, Mr. REES, Mr. an amendment to the Constitution of the nessee, Mr. SARBANES, Mr. MOLLO­ HOWE, Mr. SISK, Mr. EVANS of Indi­ United States to insure that due process and HAN, Mr. DAVIS, Mr. CHARLES WILSON ana, Mr. KRUEGER, Mr. ROBINSON, Mr. equal protection are afforded to an individual of Texas, Mr. THOMPSON, Mr. liECH­ FORSYTHE, Mr. MURPHY of New York, with respect to the right to life; to the Com­ LER of West Virginia, Mr. HINSHAW, Mr. ABDNOR, Mr. BRECKINRIDGE, Mr. mittee on the Judiciary. Mr. FORSYTHE, Mr. WON PAT, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. JOHNSON of Cali­ By Mr. PERKINS: BURLISON of Missouri, Mr. ROE, Mr. fornia, Mr. MURTHA, Mr. RODINO, Mr. H. Con. Res. 145. Concurrent resolution KREBS, Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON Of GUDE, Mr. LoNG of Maryland, Mr. authorizing the printing of additional copies California, Mr. COTTER, Mr. MOSHER, HINSHAW, Mr. WHITEHURST, Mr. of the joint committee print of the Commit­ and Mr. MEZVINSKY): KETCHUM, Mrs. HOLT, Mr. WALSH, tee on Education and Labor and the Com­ H.R. 3732. A bill to amend the Internal and Mr. BOWEN) : mittee on Labor and Public Welfare entitled Revenue Code of 1954 to restrict the author­ H.R. 3740. A bill to amend title 44, United A Compilation of Federal Education Laws; ity for inspection of tax returns and the dis­ States Code, to strengthen the authority of to the Committee on House Administration. clo.sure of information contained therein, the Administrator of General Services with By Mr. BRADEMAS: and for other purposes; to the Committee on respect to records management by Federal H. Con. Res. 146. Concurrent resolution au­ Ways and Means. agencies, and for other purposes; to the thorizing the printing of a revised edition of By Mr. LITTON (for himself, Mr. MOL­ Committee on Government Operations. the booklet entitled "The History and Op­ LOHAN, Ms. HOLTZMAN, Mr. EILBERG, By Mr. WHITE (for himself, Ms. HOLTZ­ eration of the House Majority Whip Organi­ Ms. ABZUG, Mr. RINALDO, Mr. RICH­ MAN, Mrs. SCHROEDER, Mr. VANDER zation (94th Congress)"; to the Committee MOND, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, and Mr. VEEN, Mrs. BOGGS, Mr. BUCHANAN, on House Administration. BREAUX): ·Mr. GILMAN, Mr. HICKS, Mr. YATES, By Mr. BINGHAM (for himself and H .R. 3733. A bill to provide an excise tax Mr. TRAXLER, Mrs. SULLIVAN, Mr. Mr. MIKVA): H. Con. Res. 147. Concurrent resolution au­ on every new automobile in an amount re­ TREEN, Mr. EILBERG, 1\1'.r. MAzZOLI, and lating to the portion of such automobile's Mr. WOLFF): thorizing a bust or statue of Martin Luther King, Jr., to be placed in the Capitol; to the fuel consumption rate which falls below cer­ H.R. 3741. A blll to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to provide payment Committee on House Administration. tain standards, to provide an Energy Re­ By Mr. FISH: search and Development Trust Fund, and for under part A (the hospital insurance pro­ gram) for care and treatment furnished at a H. Con. Res. 148. Concurrent resolution· other purposes; to the Committee on Ways central radiation therapy treatment facility Northeast rail abandonment; to the Commit: and Means. and to provide full payment under part B tee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. McCORMACK: (the supplementary medical insurance pro­ B -· Mr. HOWARD: H.R. 3734. A bill to a.mend the Atomic gram) for radiation therapy services furnish­ H. Con. Res. 149. Concurrent resolution ex­ Energy Act of 1954 to provide for improved ed by physicians to inpatients or outpatients pressing the sense of Congress concerning procedures for planning and environmental of any hospital or any such facility; and for recognition by the European Security Con­ review of proposed nuclear powerplants, and other purposes; jointly to the Committee on ference of the Soviet Union's occupation of !or other purposes; to the Joint Committee Ways and Means, and Interstate and Foreign Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania; to the Com­ on Atomic Energy. Commerce. mittee on Foreign Affairs. 4204 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE February 25, 1975

By Mr. LUJAN: By Mr. McKAY: By Mr. KASTENMEIER: H. Con. Res. 150. Concurrent resolution to H. Res. 253. Resolution disapproving the H.R. 3745. A bill to grant a Federal charter collect overdue debts; to the Committee on deferral of certain budget authority relating to the Mid-Continent Railway Historical Foreign Affairs. to atomic energy which is proposed by the Society; to the Committee on the District of By Mr. ROUSH (for himself, Mr. BA­ President in his message of November 26, Columbia. DILLO, Mr. BEVILL, Mrs. BURKE of 1974, transmitted under section 1013 of the By Mr. KETCHUM: California, Mr. CLEvELAND, Mr. CoR­ Impoundment Control Act of 1974; to the H .R. 3746. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Elmer MAN, Mr. COUGHLIN, Mr. DAVIS, Mr. Committee on Appropriations. Andreotti; to the Committee on the Judi­ En.BERG, Mr. FLooD, Mr. GAYDOS, Mr. By Mr. MORGAN (for himself, Mr. ciary. HANNAFORD, and Mr. HECHLER of West ANDERSON of California, Mr. BAU­ H .R. 3747. A bill for the relief of Teopista Virginia): MAN, Mr. BIESTER, Mr. BINGHAM, Mr. Sabelino; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. Con. Res. 151. Concurrent resolution CARNEY, Mr. CARR, Mr. COTTER, Mr. By Mr. RUPPE: that it is the sense of Congress that the CRANE, Mr. D'AMOURS, Mr. EILBERG, H.R. 3748. A bill granting authority to the United States and the various political en­ Mr. FLOOD, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. HOWE, Secretary of the Army to renew the license tities thereof should adopt 911 as the nation­ Mr. LENT, Mr. MCDADE, Mr. McKIN­ of the Ira D. MacLachlan Post No. 3, The wide, uniform, emergency telephone num­ NEY, Mr. MATHIS, Mr. OBEY, Mr. PER­ American Legion, Sault Sainte Marie, Mich., ber; to the Committee on Interstate and KINS, Mr. PEYSER, Mr. SOLARZ, Mr. to use a certain parcel of land in Saint Marys Foreign Commerce. VANDER JAGT, Mr. BOB WILSON, and Fall Canal project; to the Committee on Pub­ Mr. WIRTH): lic Works and Transportation. By Mr. ROUSH (for hilllSelf, Mrs. H. Res. 254. Resolution expressing the sense By Mr. YATRON: HECKLER of Massachusetts, Mr. HIN­ of the House of Representatives with respect H .R. 3749. A bill for the relief of Ierotheos SHAW, Miss HOLTZMAN, Mrs. KEYS, to the missing in action in Southeast Asia Mr. McCLORY, Mr. MADDEN, Mr. MANN, (Jerry) Kallias; to the Committee on the and the Paris Agreement; to the Committee Judiciary. Mr. OBEY, Mr. RODINO, Mr. ROE, Mr. on Foreign Affairs. SARBANES, Mr. SIXES, Mrs. SULLI­ By Mr. PEYSER: VAN, and Mr. WOLFF) : H. Res. 255. Resolution calling for peace in PETITIONS, ETC. H. Con. Res. 152. Concurrent resolution Northern Ireland and the establishment of Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions that it is the sense of Congress that the a united Ireland; to the Committee on For­ United States and the various political en­ eign Affairs. and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk tities thereof should adopt 911 as the nation­ H. Res. 256. Resolution relative to Irish and referred as follows: wide, uniform, emergency telephone number; National self-determination; to the Commit­ 35. By the SPEAKER: Petition of World to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign tee on Foreign Affairs. War I Overseas Flyers, Milwaukee, Wis., rela­ Commerce. tive to a memorial honoring the services By Mr. COCHRAN: rendered by the National Guard; to the H. Res. 250. Resolution amending rule PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Committee on House Administration. XLIV of the Rules of the House of Represent­ 36. Also, petition of the Ohio Energy Emer­ atives, relating to financial disclosure; to the Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private gency Commission, Columbus, Ohio, rela­ Committee on Standards of Official Conduct. bills and resolutions were introduced and tive to deregulation of the price of new nat­ By Mr. DRINAN: severally referred as follows: ural gas; to the Committee on Interstate and H. Res. 251. Resolution to request that By Mr. PHILIP BURTON: Foreign Commerce. the Department of Justice investigate the H.R. 3742. A bill for the relief of Cenaro 37. Also, petition of the Jacksonville Federal Energy Administration with respect Barbosa and his wife Ramona; to the Com­ Chamber of Commerce, Jacksonville, Tex., to any possible conflicts of interests; to the mittee on the Judiciary. relative to adjournment of Congress for a Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. DU PONT: minimum of 4 months each year; to the H.R. 3743. A bill for the relief of the Committee on Rules. By Mr. HAYS of Ohio: 38. Also, petition of John F. Crane, San H. Res. 252. Resolution to provide funds Knights of Pythias Hall Co., of Wilmington, Del.; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Diego, Calif., relative to solar energy; to the for the expenses of the investigations and By Mr. EDGAR: Committee on Science and Technology. studies by the Committee on House Adminis­ H.R. 3744. A bill for the relief of Maria 39. Also, petition of the City Council, Erie, tration; to the Committee on House Admin­ Elena San Agustin; to the Committee on Pa., relative to taxes on oil; to the Commit­ istration. the Judiciary. tee on Ways and Means.

SENATE·-Tuesday, February 25, 1975