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B0100 -Fiche22sommets LES 22 PREMIERES CONFERENCES B0100 DES CHEFS D’ETAT DE FRANCE ET D’AFRIQUE M. à J. 02.11.2005 er A Bangui, les différentes délégations, déjà plus l’Afrique, auxquels pourraient se joindre les 1 SOMMET FRANCO-AFRICAIN nombreuses qu’à la réunion de novembre 1973, Etats-Unis. PARIS 13 NOVEMBRE 1973 manifestent leur désir de faire avancer « dans le Ce Fonds interviendrait dans plusieurs secteurs cadre d’une réunion amicale », les problèmes précis du développement, tels que le Un nouveau cadre de dialogue de l’Afrique francophone : la situation des pays désenclavement ferroviaire ou routier des pays Les 11 participants éloignés de la mer, les pays dits « enclavés », la sans débouché maritime, la lutte contre la 7 chefs d’Etat : lutte contre la sécheresse et les catastrophes sécheresse, la mise en exploitation des Côte d’Ivoire : Félix Houphouët-Boigny naturelles, enfin l’avenir de la francophonie. ressources minières. L’organisation de ce Fonds France : Georges Pompidou serait confiée conjointement à un conseil des Gabon : Albert-Bernard Bongo Les résultats pays donateurs et à un conseil exclusivement Haute-Volta : général Sangoulé Lamizana Le président Senghor, dressant un bilan de la africain des pays utilisateurs. Niger : Hamani Diori conférence avec le président Houphouët- - Fonds de solidarité africain : financé Centrafrique : général Jean-Bedel Bokassa Boigny, se félicite de l’esprit de franchise et conjointement par les Etats africains et la Sénégal : Léopold Sédar Senghor d’amitié qui a marqué cette « réunion de France, dont l’aide irait à des projets famille ». Il est décidé que la Conférence se d’investissement dans les pays les plus 4 délégations ministérielles (Finances) : tiendra chaque année, alternativement en défavorisés, ceux que l’on appelle aujourd’hui Congo : Saturnin Okabé Afrique et en France. les PMA, les pays les moins avancés. Dahomey : commandant Michel Alladayé Valéry Giscard d’Estaing exprime sa volonté de En outre, Paris décide de se joindre au Fonds Mali : Thiéoulé Konaté développer et d’élargir l’aide française aux pays africain de développement de l’OUA, auquel Togo : Joachim Hunlédé d’Afrique, émettant le vœu de voir un jour la participent déjà l’Allemagne fédérale, la Suède et le Canada. Conférence accueillir les pays lusophones et devenir ainsi latine, au lieu de demeurer La conférence exclusivement francophone. C’est à l’initiative du chef de l’Etat nigérien, 4è SOMMET FRANCO-AFRICAIN Hamani Diori, que le premier Sommet franco- africain s’est tenu le 13 novembre 1973 à Paris, 3è SOMMET FRANCO-AFRICAIN DAKAR 20/21 AVRIL 1977 sous la présidence du chef de l’Etat français, Georges Pompidou. Cette conférence, qualifiée PARIS 10/11 MAI 1976 La montée des périls en Afrique d’« historique », offre un nouveau cadre de Les 20 participants dialogue entre la France et l’Afrique Priorité au développement 11 chefs d’Etat : francophone. Elle intervient après la guerre Les 20 participants Côte d’Ivoire : Félix Houphouët-Boigny israélo-arabe qui fit, cette année-là, quelque 9 chefs d’Etat : France : Valéry Giscard d’Estaing 10 000 victimes. D’où la nécessité, pour les Côte d’Ivoire : Félix Houphouët-Boigny Gabon : Omar Bongo participants au Sommet de Paris, d’affirmer France : Valéry Giscard d’Estaing Haute-Volta : général Sangoulé Lamizana leur volonté de paix qui « intéresse la Gabon : Omar Bongo Mali : colonel Moussa Traoré communauté internationale tout entière et pas Haute-Volta : général Sangoulé Lamizana Niger : lieutenant-colonel Seyni Kountché seulement les deux super-grands ». Mali : colonel Moussa Traoré Rwanda : général Juvénal Habyarimana Niger : colonel Seyni Kountché Sénégal : Léopold Sédar Senghor Les résultats Rwanda : général Juvénal Habyarimana Seychelles : James Mancham Ce premier Sommet franco-africain décide de Sénégal : Léopold Sédar Senghor Tchad : général Félix Malloum devenir un organisme de concertation mutuelle Togo : général Gnassingbé Eyadéma Togo : général Gnassingbé Eyadéma qui se réunira chaque année, de manière informelle. Commentant les travaux, Michel 11 délégations ministérielles : 9 délégations ministérielles : Jobert, alors ministre des Affaires étrangères, Maurice : Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Premier Bénin : Isidore Amoussou (Finances) déclare : « La coopération franco-africaine, si ministre Burundi : lieutenant-colonel Edouard souvent caricaturée, constitue certainement, Seychelles : James Mancham, Premier ministre Nzambimana, Premier ministre dans le monde tel qu’il est, un élément de Tchad : colonel Djime Ngakinar, vice-président Comores : Ali Mlamali (Enseignement) progrès et de stabilité. » du Conseil supérieur militaire Cap-Vert : Oswaldo Lopes da Silva Bénin : lieutenant-colonel Barthélémy Ohouens Centrafrique : Ange Patassé, Premier ministre è (Industrie et Artisanat) Guinée-Bissau : Vasco Cabral (Dévelop- 2 SOMMET FRANCO-AFRICAIN Burundi : Melchior Bwakira (Affaires pement économique) BANGUI 7/8 MARS 1975 étrangères et Coopération) Maurice : Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Premier Cap-Vert : Cordeiro Almada (Justice) ministre Le nouvel ordre économique mondial Guinée-Bissau : Vasco Cabral (Développement Territoire des Afars et des Issas : à titre économique et planification) Les 15 participants d’observateur 9 chefs d’Etat : République centrafricaine : Alphonse Koyamba Zaïre : Karl I Bond (Affaires étrangères) Burundi : Michel Micombero (Trésor public) République centrafricaine : maréchal Jean-Bedel Sao Tomé & Principe : Lao Chang La conférence Bokassa (Administration) Les travaux de ce Sommet de Dakar sont Côte-d’Ivoire : Félix Houphouët-Boigny Zaïre : Nguza Karl I Bond (Affaires étrangères) dominés par ce que le président Valéry Giscard France : Valéry Giscard d’Estaing Comores : Salim Himidi (Intérieur) d’Estaing appelle « la montée des périls en Gabon : Omar Bongo Afrique ». Le climat d’incertitude créé par le Haute-Volta : général Sangoulé Lamizana La conférence brusque développement de l’influence Niger : lieutenant-colonel Seyni Kountché Alors que les deux précédentes conférences soviétique et la rivalité entre super-grands dans Rwanda : général-major Juvénal Habyarimana avaient été dominées par l’examen de plusieurs régions du continent africain, pèse sur Sénégal : Léopold Sédar Senghor problèmes spécifiquement africains ou euro- les travaux de la Conférence. africains, celle de Paris se situe dans un cadre La France, qui avait fourni un appui logistique 6 délégations ministérielles : plus large : celui de l’Afrique indépendante à la au Zaïre lors de la première « invasion » de la recherche de son développement. Aussi la province du Shaba, se montre ferme et Dahomey : Barthélémy Ohouens (Justice) conférence a-t-elle porté sur quatre points : Mali : Thiéoulé Konaté (Finances) rassurante : « Tout Etat africain a droit à la Maurice : Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Premier l’inflation, le système monétaire international, sécurité à l’intérieur de ses frontières, quelles ministre le dialogue Nord-Sud et l’aide au que soient ses opinions politiques », déclare le Togo : Edem Kodjo (Finances) développement. président français à l’ouverture de ce quatrième Zaïre : Niati Boula Mandongo, commissaire Sommet franco-africain. d’Etat aux Affaires étrangères Les résultats Cela dit, les problèmes de sécurité, malgré leur Seychelles : James Mancham (à titre A l’initiative de la France, la Conférence importance, n’ont pas caché aux participants d’observateur) propose la création de deux fonds d’aide : l’ampleur des problèmes économiques, tels que l’inflation mondiale, la détérioration des termes - Fonds exceptionnel de promotion de l’Afrique : ce Fonds doit être mis en place par les Etats de l’échange, l’avenir du dialogue Nord-Sud. La conférence industrialisés qui ont des liens historiques avec …/… A Dakar, les 19 pays africains représentés 5è SOMMET FRANCO-AFRICAIN d’aide et de coopération qui, par priorité, réaffirment avec fermeté que « le seul combat seront affectés aux pays les plus déshérités et qui mérite d’être livré en Afrique est le combat PARIS 22/23 MAI 1978 d’améliorer les conditions des prêts consentis pour le développement dans la paix, l’unité et la par la Caisse centrale de coopération coopération ». Sécurité et développement économique. Pour la première fois, les ministres des Affaires 6è SOMMET FRANCO-AFRICAIN étrangères sont chargés de préparer la réunion KIGALI 21/22 MAI 1979 des chefs d’Etat et l’ordre du jour de la Conférence (réunion préparatoire les 12 et Les relations euro-africaines 13 mai à Paris). Les 21 participants 13 chefs d’Etat : Les 20 participants Burundi : colonel Jean-Baptiste Bagaza 16 chefs d’Etat : Centrafrique : empereur Bokassa 1er Bénin : lieutenant-colonel Mathieu Kérékou er Comores : Ahmed Abdallah Centrafrique : empereur Bokassa 1 Côte d’Ivoire : Félix Houphouët-Boigny Côte-d’Ivoire : Félix Houphouët-Boigny Djibouti : Hassan Gouled Djibouti : Hassan Gouled France : Valéry Giscard d’Estaing France : Valéry Giscard d’Estaing Gabon : Omar Bongo Gabon : Omar Bongo Haute-Volta : général Sangoulé Lamizana Haute-Volta : général Sangoulé Lamizana Mali : colonel Moussa Traoré Mali : lieutenant-colonel Moussa Traoré Rwanda : général Juvénal Habyarimana Mauritanie : Moktar Ould Daddah Sénégal : Léopold Sédar Senghor Niger : lieutenant-colonel Seyni Kountché Togo : général Gnassingbé Eyadéma Rwanda : général Juvénal Hayarimana Zaïre : général Mobutu Sese Seko Sénégal : Léopold Sédar Senghor Seychelles : France-Albert René Tchad : général Félix Malloum 9 délégations ministérielles : Togo : général Gnassingbé Eyadéma Bénin : Barthélémy Ohouens
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