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South Korea a Publication of the Center for Global Peace Journalism at Park University Vol IN THIS ISSUE • Radio as a peacebuilding tool • Dispatches from Cameroon, India, Colombia, Nigeria, Pakistan • PJ Bookshelf: New arrivals Jake Lynch: Conflict frames PJ discussions in South Korea A publication of the Center for Global Peace Journalism at Park University Vol. 8 No. 1- April 2019 April 2019 April 2019 Contents PJ can contribute to defusing Korean tensions By Jake Lynch 3 Korea 15 Costa Rica Can PJ reduce tensions? UPeace launches new degree “Do not demonise North Korea. De- mons do not negotiate. If there are no India Nigeria negotiations, there will be war.” These The Peace Journalist is a semi- 6 16 were the words of Chung-in Moon to annual publication of the Center Gandhi: Original peace journalist On social media, elections, peace journalists who gathered for the Korea South for Global Peace Journalism at Park Missouri, USA Worldwide Press Foundation journalism confer- Korean University in Parkville, Missouri. The 8 18 ence in Seoul, in October, as diplomat- diplomat Peace Journalist is dedicated to dis- Radio as peacebuilding tool Peace Journalism bookshelf ic efforts were being stepped up for a Chung-in seminating news and information second summit meeting between Kim Moon for teachers, students, and 10 Colombia 19 USA Jong Un and President Donald Trump. addresses practitioners of PJ. Photojournalism aids peace Shedding violent words aids peace Moon is a sage old hand of arms the 2018 control talks. A current member of the KPF Submissions are welcome from all. Cameroon Rep. of Georgia journalism We are seeking shorter submissions 11 22 South Korean government’s advisory Journalists evaluate peace efforts Women in peace journalism committee on diplomatic strategy, conference (500 words) detailing peace journal- in Seoul. ism projects, classes, proposals, etc. he previously served as Ambassador We also welcome longer submis- 23 DR Congo for International Security, combining these posts with his career in univer- sions (1000-1500 words) about Community radio and peace sities. His advice is timely, given the peace or conflict sensitive journal- findings of new research on Austra- ism projects or programs, as well as lian media and how they refer to the academic works from the field. We Democratic People’s Republic(1). In do NOT seek general submissions coverage from two major newspapers about peace projects, but are in- 12 Colombia and the public broadcaster, the ABC, stead focused only on articles with What would it take, to change the story, which was being widely aired Community radio, peacebuilding North Korea was usually described as tenor of international coverage? elsewhere, but Hancocks advised cau- a strong, central media angle. rogue, secretive, totalitarian or evil, Restraint, for one: CNN’s Seoul cor- tion, given that no firm evidence was New Mexico, USA Pakistan with its leader “often referred to as respondent Paula Hancocks, who also available to support it. Deadlines: March 3 (April edition); 13 24 Seminar: Social media and peace Media and peace conference a ruthless psychopath.” Dominant spoke at the conference, recalled how September 3 (October edition). metaphors tended to be conflictual, she successfully argued against the What can the Peace Journalism framing the country as “a military network running a story on claims playbook contribute? How can read- Editor: Steven Youngblood, Director, What is Peace Journalism? threat [and] unpredictable, irrational that Kim had removed one of his rela- ers and audiences be prompted and Center for Global Peace Journalism, and ruthless.” As the researchers com- Peace Journalism is when editors and reporters make choices that improve the tives, fallen from government favour, equipped to consider and value nonvi- Park University ment, the pattern is typical, and not olent responses to the still-unresolved prospects for peace. These choices, including how to frame stories and care- by feeding him to a pack of dogs. Edi- Proofreading: Prof. Carol Getty just in Australia. conflict on the Korean peninsula, with fully choosing which words are used, create an atmosphere conducive to peace tors in Atlanta had been keen on the all its potential dangers? Contact/Social Media: and supportive of peace initiatives and peacemakers, without compromising Jake Lynch divides his time between Australia, where he is Associate Pro- [email protected] the basic principles of good journalism. (Adapted from Lynch/McGoldrick, Look past slogans from both ‘sides’ to fessor of Peace and Conflict Studies at the University of Sydney, and Oxford, Twitter-@Peace Journ Peace Journalism). Peace Journalism gives peacemakers a voice while making focus on the goals of the conflict par- peace initiatives and non-violent solutions more visible and viable. where he writes historical novels, acts in amateur theatricals and runs a ties, for one. The Korean war of 1950- Facebook-Peace Journalism group local book group. Previously, Jake enjoyed a twenty-year career in journal- Center for Global Peace A number of valuable peace journalism resources, including resource 53 has never been declared officially packets and online links, can be found at www.park.edu/peacecenter. ism, with spells as a political correspondent for Sky News, and the Sydney over. The Koreas are separated by a Journalism, Park University correspondent for the Independent, culminating in a role as a BBC World 8700 NW River Park Dr so-called Demilitarised Zone (DMZ) TV presenter. For his work in which marks the ceasefire line. Given Parkville, Missouri 64152 USA Center for Global Peace Journalism Peace Journalism research, train- this, Moon said, it was vital to realise ing and development, he was The Center for Global Peace Journalism works with journalists, academics, and that the North saw no reason to honoured with the 2017 Luxem- students worldwide to improve reporting about conflicts, societal unrest, rec- consider itself “a defeated nation. [So, bourg Peace Prize, awarded by they would think] don’t treat us as if onciliation, solutions, and peace. Through its courses, workshops, lectures, this the Schengen Peace Foundation. magazine, blog, and other resources, the Center encourages media to reject we have to surrender to the United In 2020, he will be a Leverhulme States.” Reporters should therefore re- sensational and inflammatory reporting, and produce counter-narratives that Visiting Professor at Coventry offer a more nuanced view of those who are marginalized—ethnic/racial/ gard with scepticism calls by hawkish A Park University Publication University. religious minorities, women, youth, and migrants. Continued on next page pg 2 www.park.edu/peacecenter Vol. 8, No. 1 pg 3 By Steven Youngblood April 2019 April 2019 South Korea from Pg 3 gave up too much, we should still be they call for normalization of relations South Korea from Pg 4 exerting maximum pressure.” Instead, by “establishing reciprocal liaison tries not to send warships to take part. voices on the American side for “com- he called on the official agenda for the offices, lifting sanctions that harm If more media were prepared to listen plete and verifiable disarmament” process to be “attacked from the Left: vulnerable individuals, and facilitating seriously to such voices, then a more before concessions such as the lifting demand the formation of negotiating people-to-people engagement.” nuanced picture, exposing more of of sanctions. Approaches that provide teams” to hammer out a sequence of the realistic prospects for peacemak- for such steps to proceed in parallel real progress towards denuclearisa- One of the chief gains from the first ing, would emerge. should be seen as more realistic. tion, and the “easing of the trade and Trump-Kim summit in 2018 was a “freeze for a freeze”: no further medicine embargo.” This would also As Annabel McGoldrick and I argue in Another distinction in the Peace Jour- nuclear weapons testing by Pyong- meet one of Galtung’s key recom- Peace Journalism (2), distilling many nalism model originally proposed by yang, in exchange for a halt to joint mendations for reporting peace plans, of the discussions we conducted Johan Galtung is to focus on “people military exercises between the US which I presented at the Seoul confer- with editors and reporters around as peacemakers”, not just leaders. A and South Korea. Peace campaigners ence: ask “is the peace plan a process the world, presenting inputs to news couple of months before leaving for are calling for the latter to be made or only an outcome?” Beyond the from unconventional sources requires Seoul, I listened to a talk, at Sydney’s permanent. Over recent years, the day’s headline, what happens next? journalism to construct a “framework Exodus Foundation, by the veteran pristine environment of Jeju Island of understanding” to establish their nuclear disarmament campaigner, If non-elite voices deserve greater has been violated by the establish- relevance to the story. Today’s journal- Joseph Gerson, who was visiting Aus- prominence on the American side, the ment of a new naval base, which demanding greater transparency as a decades… I discarded any assumptions ists must do this anyway, it could be tralia from the US. Because the North same is true on the Korean peninsula. hosted an “international fleet review” corollary of that trust: “show me.” I might have had about the North argued, to justify their existence as Korea talks were an initiative of the Korea Peace Now: Women Mobilizing last October. The local Association of Korean people.” professional communicators. Part of the remedy for the demonis- Trump White House, he explained, to End War, is an intervention by the Gangjeong villagers, who opposed the ing coverage exposed by the find- As long-form journalism (the film runs Democrats were instinctively scepti- Nobel Women’s Initiative and Women development, called on third coun- Another contributor to the Seoul ings on Australian media, would, the 28 minutes) it’s in a genre that lends cal, if not downright hostile.
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