Georgia's Sovereign Credit Rating Raised to BB with Stable Outlook By
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The Svan Spoken Language Is Notable for Its Musicality
1 An Articulation Phenomenon in Svan Singing RepertoRepertoireire “… The Svan spoken language is notable for its musicality. Accentuation and intonation in Svan speech is so rich that no other Kartvelian language can be compared to it. Many things which have been either concealed or diminished are presented powerfully in the Svan language” [Zhghenti 1949:96] Introduction. Svaneti is a high mountainous region in the west of Georgia with a pronounced ethnical identity and sub-culture. Geographically, Svaneti is divided into two - Upper and Lower Svaneti. Similarly, the Svan musical repertoire can also be divided into two branches –Upper and Lower. The Svan language is one of the four Kartvelian languages, namely Georgian, Megrelian, Laz, and Svan. For historical and geopolitical reasons, the Svans have, over the centuries, maintained their unique identity through their traditions and customs. In spite of the fact that most Svan songs are in the Svan language, some Georgian language songs also exist in Svaneti. Due to different factors, including chiefly the performing style of Svan songs of certain types, as well as peculiarities of the musical language, it is worthwhile to raise the question of the bi-musicality of Svans. 1 In this regard, the following questions present themselves: * What is the character of the Svan musical repertoire? * Does a perceptible Svan musical sub-culture exist and if so, what is its nature? * Are there special peculiarities which distinguish Svan singing? * What are the characteristic features of Svan music, with special reference to the correlation between the music and lyrics (verbal texts) of Svan songs, etc.? 1 The concept of bi-musicality was introduced by Mental Hood. -
Georgian Country and Culture Guide
Georgian Country and Culture Guide მშვიდობის კორპუსი საქართველოში Peace Corps Georgia 2017 Forward What you have in your hands right now is the collaborate effort of numerous Peace Corps Volunteers and staff, who researched, wrote and edited the entire book. The process began in the fall of 2011, when the Language and Cross-Culture component of Peace Corps Georgia launched a Georgian Country and Culture Guide project and PCVs from different regions volunteered to do research and gather information on their specific areas. After the initial information was gathered, the arduous process of merging the researched information began. Extensive editing followed and this is the end result. The book is accompanied by a CD with Georgian music and dance audio and video files. We hope that this book is both informative and useful for you during your service. Sincerely, The Culture Book Team Initial Researchers/Writers Culture Sara Bushman (Director Programming and Training, PC Staff, 2010-11) History Jack Brands (G11), Samantha Oliver (G10) Adjara Jen Geerlings (G10), Emily New (G10) Guria Michelle Anderl (G11), Goodloe Harman (G11), Conor Hartnett (G11), Kaitlin Schaefer (G10) Imereti Caitlin Lowery (G11) Kakheti Jack Brands (G11), Jana Price (G11), Danielle Roe (G10) Kvemo Kartli Anastasia Skoybedo (G11), Chase Johnson (G11) Samstkhe-Javakheti Sam Harris (G10) Tbilisi Keti Chikovani (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator, PC Staff) Workplace Culture Kimberly Tramel (G11), Shannon Knudsen (G11), Tami Timmer (G11), Connie Ross (G11) Compilers/Final Editors Jack Brands (G11) Caitlin Lowery (G11) Conor Hartnett (G11) Emily New (G10) Keti Chikovani (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator, PC Staff) Compilers of Audio and Video Files Keti Chikovani (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator, PC Staff) Irakli Elizbarashvili (IT Specialist, PC Staff) Revised and updated by Tea Sakvarelidze (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator) and Kakha Gordadze (Training Manager). -
Zerohack Zer0pwn Youranonnews Yevgeniy Anikin Yes Men
Zerohack Zer0Pwn YourAnonNews Yevgeniy Anikin Yes Men YamaTough Xtreme x-Leader xenu xen0nymous www.oem.com.mx www.nytimes.com/pages/world/asia/index.html www.informador.com.mx www.futuregov.asia www.cronica.com.mx www.asiapacificsecuritymagazine.com Worm Wolfy Withdrawal* WillyFoReal Wikileaks IRC 88.80.16.13/9999 IRC Channel WikiLeaks WiiSpellWhy whitekidney Wells Fargo weed WallRoad w0rmware Vulnerability Vladislav Khorokhorin Visa Inc. Virus Virgin Islands "Viewpointe Archive Services, LLC" Versability Verizon Venezuela Vegas Vatican City USB US Trust US Bankcorp Uruguay Uran0n unusedcrayon United Kingdom UnicormCr3w unfittoprint unelected.org UndisclosedAnon Ukraine UGNazi ua_musti_1905 U.S. Bankcorp TYLER Turkey trosec113 Trojan Horse Trojan Trivette TriCk Tribalzer0 Transnistria transaction Traitor traffic court Tradecraft Trade Secrets "Total System Services, Inc." Topiary Top Secret Tom Stracener TibitXimer Thumb Drive Thomson Reuters TheWikiBoat thepeoplescause the_infecti0n The Unknowns The UnderTaker The Syrian electronic army The Jokerhack Thailand ThaCosmo th3j35t3r testeux1 TEST Telecomix TehWongZ Teddy Bigglesworth TeaMp0isoN TeamHav0k Team Ghost Shell Team Digi7al tdl4 taxes TARP tango down Tampa Tammy Shapiro Taiwan Tabu T0x1c t0wN T.A.R.P. Syrian Electronic Army syndiv Symantec Corporation Switzerland Swingers Club SWIFT Sweden Swan SwaggSec Swagg Security "SunGard Data Systems, Inc." Stuxnet Stringer Streamroller Stole* Sterlok SteelAnne st0rm SQLi Spyware Spying Spydevilz Spy Camera Sposed Spook Spoofing Splendide -
6. Imereti – Historical-Cultural Overview
SFG2110 SECOND REGIONAL DEVELOPMETN PROJECT IMERETI REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM IMERETI TOURISM DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY Public Disclosure Authorized STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL, CULTURAL HERITAGE AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Tbilisi, December, 2014 ABBREVIATIONS GNTA Georgia National Tourism Administration EIA Environnemental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan EMS Environmental Management System IFI International Financial Institution IRDS Imereti Regional Development Strategy ITDS Imereti Tourism Development Strategy MDF Municipal Development Fund of Georgia MoA Ministry of Agriculture MoENRP Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Protection of Georgia MoIA Ministry of Internal Affairs MoCMP Ministry of Culture and Monument Protection MoJ Ministry of Justice MoESD Ministry of Economic and Sustaineble Developmnet NACHP National Agency for Cultural Heritage Protection PIU Project Implementation Unit PPE Personal protective equipment RDP Regional Development Project SECHSA Strategic Environmental, Cultural Heritage and Social Assessment WB World Bank Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 0 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 14 1.1 PROJECT CONTEXT ............................................................................................................................... -
Wikivoyage Georgia.Pdf
WikiVoyage Georgia March 2016 Contents 1 Georgia (country) 1 1.1 Regions ................................................ 1 1.2 Cities ................................................. 1 1.3 Other destinations ........................................... 1 1.4 Understand .............................................. 2 1.4.1 People ............................................. 3 1.5 Get in ................................................. 3 1.5.1 Visas ............................................. 3 1.5.2 By plane ............................................ 4 1.5.3 By bus ............................................. 4 1.5.4 By minibus .......................................... 4 1.5.5 By car ............................................. 4 1.5.6 By train ............................................ 5 1.5.7 By boat ............................................ 5 1.6 Get around ............................................... 5 1.6.1 Taxi .............................................. 5 1.6.2 Minibus ............................................ 5 1.6.3 By train ............................................ 5 1.6.4 By bike ............................................ 5 1.6.5 City Bus ............................................ 5 1.6.6 Mountain Travel ....................................... 6 1.7 Talk .................................................. 6 1.8 See ................................................... 6 1.9 Do ................................................... 7 1.10 Buy .................................................. 7 1.10.1 -
K"'I'1'~;':~;1 ,Ivilh I the NE
Po l All At- Read! ,IVilh K"'I'1'~;':~;1 I THE N E Lrt them Introduce our ,. lamU " paper wIth news I ,rolluct In virtually ('very I )'uurselr, your children home in thc ewnrk trad :nd neighbor, T ing area. 5, 1946 l 'ttBsrllty W illS Poel,r y A III(/rd To INSTALL I CONCERT REDUCTION 125 PARI(IN G GIVEN HERE I SUES 3 lN ELECTRIC METERS IIERE BY WEBSTER BUILDING LIGHT RATE IN60 DAYS ISTRING TRIO ITS E nthol'ize( II ! CeuturyC -Iuh A plications For SUI' wise Move I Hcars Progl'anl ew Cons Tllctiol Bv Conncil t 1 By IllstrnDlcntal Here In oveluhcr O ~'(·('nlhc .. Mcct I Gt'OUP M·ontlay Tot. 1 ~~21. ? OO I I Newark wi ll hAvc pilrkinl{ mcte~s : I A progr:lIn f chnmbcr music wasl Applic~tions forbu il din~ pcrmits . 1\ P l'llf 1"<11 1'f'dllct1ot1 ill t'!l'rtriL' 1j',ht withi n sixt~· clays, the To\\ n. COllnCl1 I I presentcd by the Webster T rio nt the here fell o fT during November, with I J'. t('s f · II" d("nC'Sti(' lL'('J"S in 'l'\\ .. '1'1 . derided "I its December mectll1g Mon- I James Pease I bi-wcekly meeting of thc Newark New only three being issued for a total of Irillldn~ thC' lucnl nt<' s ,Ie ill 11Il<' day nigh t 111 an unexpected rcvlval of I ' C ntury Club Monday afternoon. $2 1. 200 in new onstruction, accol·ding Iwi t!, th:lt 111 n'ect thrllll"huut the' the lon g t,l bled issue· I J ame' Peasc, young American bass- As in P" vious appeArances here, the to a report by town officials this week. -
Report on the Implementation of 2018 Action Plan of the State Strategy for Civic Equality and Integration
Report on the Implementation of 2018 Action Plan of the State Strategy for Civic Equality and Integration Office of the State Minister of Georgia for Reconciliation and Civic Equality Report on the Implementation of 2018 Action Plan of the State Strategy for Civic Equality and Integration Tbilisi 2019 2 Report on the Implementation of 2018 Action Plan of the State Strategy for Civic Equality and Integration Office of the State Minister of Georgia for Reconciliation and Civic Equality Address: 7 Ingorokva Street, Tbilisi, 0114 Phone: (+995 32) 2923299; (+995 32) 2922632 Website: www.smr.gov.ge E-mail: [email protected] 3 Report on the Implementation of 2018 Action Plan of the State Strategy for Civic Equality and Integration Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 5 Resume - Overview of Implementation of Strategic Goals ............................................................................ 6 Strategic Goal 1............................................................................................................................................... 9 Equal and Full Participation in Civic and Political Life ................................................................................. 9 Strategic Goal 2..............................................................................................................................................34 Creating Equal Social and Economic Conditions and Opportunities .............................................................34 -
Language Policy and National Identity in Georgia
Language Policy and National Identity in Georgia A thesis submitted for the degree of PhD to Queen Mary University of London 2011 Rusudan Amirejibi-Mullen Linguistics Abstract Language has been long recognised as a powerful marker of national identity, as has its role in transforming multi-ethnic societies into unified nations. Such is the case of multi-ethnic and multilingual Georgia, where language has today become a crucial factor in interethnic relations and in the Georgian nation-building process. This thesis sheds light on the nature of kartveloba (Georgianness) by examining Georgian language policy over the entire history of the nation. Despite the country’s long-standing civilisation and its established culture, Georgian statehood began to decline from the second half of the thirteenth century, until the country was eventually incorporated into the Russian empire at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Since then, there have been several attempts to instigate a ‘national revival’: 1) the cultural/linguistic movement of the nineteenth century, 2) the struggle to build a nation-state in 1918-1921, 3) the national liberation movement during the Soviet period (1921-1991), and 4) nation- state building in the post-Soviet period. All of these periods display common features with regard to language policy. 2 After investigating language policy and identity developments in the pre- modern period, this thesis examines Georgia under Russian rule (both Tsarist and Soviet), which made the country vulnerable to ethnic conflicts, and tries to explain the violent outcomes. The thesis goes on to examine public debate of language and minority issues, as well as efforts to elaborate inclusive language and ethnic policies in contemporary Georgia. -
History in the Context of the Georgian-Abkhazian Conflict*
BRILL Iran and the Caucasus 18 (2074) 289-374 History in the Context of the Georgian-Abkhazian Conflict* George Hewitt School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London Abstract The 2014 disturbances in the Ukraine occasioned renewed discussion of the 2008 Russo- Georgian War. As the situation continued to worsen in eastern Ukraine, US President Obama announced on a visit to Poland at the start of June that the US and NATO would strengthen ties even with the non-NATO-member-states of the Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia. This last has aspirations of membership, even though it does not control the re publics of South Ossetia and Abkhazia, which most of the world nevertheless regards as in tegral parts of Georgia. As long as the Georgian-Abkhazian dispute remains unresolved, there will be problems regarding inter-state relations with/for western Transcaucasia. And there can be no resolution of the Abkhazian issue without a proper understanding of Ab khazia’s history (both ancient and more recent); it was to try to ensure that the debate is not based on misconceptions, unsubstantiated assertions or even plain errors that this ar ticle was written, it is grounded on a consideration of a range of materials (from Agathias' Greek text through relevant discussions in Georgian, Russian and English). The toppling of Abkhazia’s democratically elected president (Aleksandr Ankvab) at the end of May 2014 makes the question of Abkhazia even more topical. Keywords Abkhazia, Georgia, Georgian-Abkhazian Dispute, Caucasian History Events during the spring of 2014 in the Ukraine (in particular Russia’s reacquisition of the Crimea) reawakened Western memories of the short Russo-Georgian war of August 2008. -
Proceedings® of the International Symposium Heritage for Planet Earth 2018
PROCEEDINGS® OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM HERITAGE FOR PLANET EARTH 2018 TH 1998 20 2018 GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERTS & SYMPOSIUM HERITAGE FOR PLANET EARTH® 2018 PATRONAGES INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS UNIVERSITIES & ACADEMIES OTHER INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS WFUCA FICLU United Nations Federazione Italiana Educational, Scientific and dei Club e Centri Cultural Organization per l’UNESCO Centro per l’UNESCO di Firenze con il patrocinio di CITTÀ METROPOLITANA DI FIRENZE INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OTHER INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS • Commissione Nazionale Italiana per UNESCO (Italy) • Arab Regional Centre for World Heritage (ARC-WH) under the auspices of UNESCO • APAB Istituto di Formazione (Italy) • ETOA - European Tourism Association • Associazione d’Agricoltura Biodinamica (Italy) • ICOMOS - International Council on Monuments and Sites • Archiva (Italy) • ICCROM - Centro internazionale di studi per la conservazione • Associazione Siti Italiani UNESCO (Italy) ed il restauro dei beni culturali • Bandierai degli Uffizi (Italy) • UCLG United Cities and Local Governments of Africa • Centro UNESCO Firenze (Italy) UNIVERSITIES & ACADEMIES • Centro UNESCO Torino (Italy) • Academy of Fine Arts in Lodz (Poland) • Città di Figline e Incisa Valdarno (Italy) • Azerbaijan Univerisity of Architecture and Construction • Città Metropolitana Firenze (Italy) (Azerbaijan) • Confcommercio Firenze (Italy) • Balikesir University (Turkey) • Comune di Firenze (Italy) • Bydgoszcz Music Academy (Poland) • Comune di Regello (Italy) • CIRT - Centro -
Language Situation in Modern Georgia 1. Kartvelian Languages
E ISSN 1512-3146 (online) International Journal ISSN 1987-9601 (print) of Multilingual Education www.multilingualeducation.org Kakha Gabunia Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Language Situation in Modern Georgia 1. Kartvelian Languages Abstract The article displays main aspects of the large-scale works made by Frankfurt am Main Goethe Institute in the framework of the project “Sociolinguistic Situation in Modern Georgia” (financed by Volkswagen Foundation). 42 scientist from 12 Georgian scientific establishments took part in the project. First part of the article shows the cumulative results of the researches made by Kartvelian Language Group in 2006-2008. Introduction 1.1. The term “language situation” means Language Policies overall configuration of language use in giv- A language policy is an official action en time on given place and includes such which tries to intervene in the area of func- data as: how many and which languages (di- tioning (e.g. Writing system, choosing of alects) are used in a given area, how many official language etc.) Of any type of a lan- people speak them, in which situation, what guage (state, regional, minority, foreign attitudes and feelings the members of given etc.), or in the parts of the educational sys- community have towards this languages (J. tem that are connected to these languages. Ferguson, 1971, p. 157). Citizens or citizen groups can imple- ment a language policy voluntarily on state level or in a private sector. Influence upon languages takes place in the context of spe- 35 Kakha Gabunia, Language Situation in Modern Georgia: 1. Kartvelian Languages # 3, 2014 pp. 35-55 cific social situations or events to which it This is the reason why we use the term belongs. -
Parade, Services Will Highlight Memorial
TJb> And M*» Width OnmUtod r«fcly Hanpmper In Union Cm** Sy-EIGHTH YEAR—No. 37 Inurt* u Bacon* Clu MMMr POM OMca. W..««ilZ Jf.l. WESTFIELD. JERSEY. THURSDAY, MAY 22. 1958 _ PuMUhet 31 PM il Group Protests Congrcsswoman Parade, Services Will in For Loop Authority Dwyer toVisit Here Saturday Highlight Memorial Day im Present Will Meet With It Should Public to Hear Jewish Holiday Memorial Day r Problems, Opinions Time Schedule W.W. I Monument, le System Rep. Florence P. Dwyer (R-6th To Be Observed 8:15 a.m., Ringing of the Cemeteries To Be Dist-NJ) will bring her Congres- church bolls. Pa- : Inter-Municipal Group for sional office directly to the peo- rade assembly at Rail Service moved last ple of WestAeld and neighboring Temple to Hold the South avenue Program Scene to arouse public opinion communities Saturday, it was an- Special Services municipal parking . t legislation that would nounced today. lot, Wcstfteld'g annual Memorial Day- a new authority to operate Mayor H. Emerson Thomas has The observance of a major Jew- 8:45 a.m., Procession starts, arade featuring many WtsUUlit' posed MOO million subway urged residents to "take advan ish festival known as Shovuoa, the 9:00 a.m., Services at World patriotic organization! and meth» linking New Jersey and tage of this opportunity to express Hebrew word for "Weeks," be- War I "monument. united units of the 60th R«cen- fork. opinions and ask questions of thi gins at sundown Saturday and will 9:20 a.m., Procession pro- naiisanee Battalion, Company A, organization launched a congresswoman.