Republic of the DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION THROUGH RESILIENT PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE

BY DPWH

“Building an integrated, efficient and climate adaptive infrastructure towards a livable, sustainable and resilient communities.”

MARIA CATALINA E. CABRAL, PhD. Undersecretary for Planning and Public Private Partnership Service, Department of Public Works and Highways and 2017 National President – Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers (PICE)

Building a Disaster Resilient Philippines Polo Club, City 25-26 April 2017

A NATURAL DISASTER CAN PARALYZE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS LOSS OF FUNCTION OF A TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM CAN PARALYZE LOCAL, REGIONAL, AND INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE FEATURES THAT AFFECT RESILIENCY

▪Different modes of trans-portation are interconnected

▪They interact with each other and other elements of a community’s built environ-ment; hence, the name, Lifeline systems”. ❑ HIGHWAY SYSTEMS

Flooding from tropical storms, and typhoons, Landslides (rock falls, spreads, slides, flows) Earthquakes

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

What is being been done so far BY DPWH?

5 2017-2022 Philippine Development Plan Key Principles of Spatial Development

Integration of leading and lagging areas and urban-rural linkages through transportation networks

Improvement of access to social services

Identification of locations of major infrastructure to maximize their benefits

Improvement of local, national, and international connectivity

Promotion of sustainable development and

Source: pdp.neda.gov.ph resiliency 2017-2022 Philippine Development Plan Strategic Framework (Targets) Growth in gross domestic product (GDP) is expected to strengthen at 7 to 8 percent.

Growth will be more inclusive as manifested by a lower poverty from 21.6 percent in 2015 to 14.0 percent in 2022.

Unemployment rate will decline from the current 5.5 percent to 3-5 percent in 2022.

Greater trust in government and in society.

Individuals and communities will be

Source: pdp.neda.gov.ph more resilient. Philippines Average Regional Share in GDP, 2010-2015

4% Davao Region SOCCSKSARGEN 4% Northern Mindanao 3% Zamboanga Peninsula 2% 1% CARAGA 2% EasternVisayas 1% ARMM

7% Central Visayas 38% NCR 4% Western Visayas 2% Bicol 2% MIMAROPA 2% Cagayan Valley 3% Ilocos 9% Central Luzon 2% CAR

16% CALABARZON

Luzon -73%

Visayas - 12% 62.3% NCR, Central Luzon, Minadanao & ARMM -15% CALABARZON Source: Philippine Statistics Authority NATIONAL CLIMATE BUDGET (Amount in Billion)

FY 2016 FY 2017

P176 Billion ($3.52 B) P201 Billion ($4.02 B) Climate Change Expenditure Climate Change Expenditure

P3,002 Billion ($60.06 B) P3,350 Billion ($67.02 B) Total National Budget Total National Budget

1 US $ - P 49.987 (as of Feb. 20, 2017) DPWH CLIMATE CHANGE EXPENDITURE (Amount in Billion)

P201 B ($4.02 B)

P176 B ($3.52 B)

P111 B ($2.22 B) P159 B P133 B ($3.18 B) ($2.65 B) DPWH P97 B DPWH ($1.93 B) DPWH

1 US $ - P 49.987 (as of Feb. 20, 2017) DPWH FY 2017 INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM (Amount in Billion)

DPWH Strategic Infrastructure Programs and Policies

Traffic Decongestion Program

$8.6B Integrated and Seamless Transport System

P428.4B Public-Private Partnership Program

Convergence and Rural Road Development Programs FY 2017 Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities20 $1.8B P90.7B Participatory Governance and Citizens’ Engagement Program

Clean and Efficient Government FY 2011

1 US $ - P 49.987 (as of Feb. 20, 2017)

DPWH Commitment (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation)

Lives & properties protected from natural Outcome disasters

Mitigate flood damage in

major river basins Output Build disaster-resilient Mobility in the IDENTIFIED vulnerable structures in calamity-prone areas unhampered during and after areas disasters

Commitment: Number of bridges along the primary roads in the identified vulnerable areas made resilient

Commitment: Linear meters of slope protection along the primary roads in the identified vulnerable areas completed and compliant with the latest DPWH standards and specifications

DPWH Commitment (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation)

Retrofitting/Replacement of Bridges

▪ Resilient Bridges along the National Road Network will ensure mobility and accessibility in the affected areas during and after the occurrence of natural disaster

▪ All the bridges along the Primary Road Network within the Provinces with Medium to Very High Level of Risk to Geophysical Disasters identified by DENR without Previous Funding are to be subjected to Retrofitting or Replacement

DPWH Commitment (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation)

Total No. of Previously Region PGS Target Bridges Funded Region I 79 11 68 CAR 16 3 13 Region II 13 1 12 Region III 87 14 73 Region IV-A 8 8 Number of Bridges Region V 15 2 13 along Primary Road Region VIII 38 14 24 Network and Region IX 90 6 84 Provinces with Region X 89 5 84 Geophysical Risk Region XI 40 9 31 Region XII 17 2 15 Region XIII 60 5 55 Grand Total 552 72 480

Out of 552 Bridges along the primary roads in the identified vulnerable areas, 480 is still to be made resilient. DPWH will prioritize and fund the retrofitting or replacement of these bridges from 2017 to 2022.

DPWH Commitment (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation)

Slope Protection ▪ Construction of Slope Protection will ensure that accessibility and mobility of the National Road Network is unhampered during the occurrence of natural disasters

▪ All the slope protection projects along the Primary Road Network within the Provinces with Medium to Very High Level of Risk to Typhoons and Geophysical Disasters identified by Manila Observatory and DENR will be committed in the PGS Scorecard

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

A. Structural Measures: 1. Construct/rehabilitate flood Mitigation structures along major basins and principal rivers. 2. Construct water impounding projects to optimize water resources. 3. Upgrade/improve drainage capacity. 4. Construct Water Supply & Rain Water Collection System. 5. Rehabilitate, retrofit and strengthen existing bridges. 6. Provide safe and alternative access to highly vulnerable areas. 7. Improve national roads vulnerable to flooding, landslide and slope failure. 8. Build evacuation centers incorporating requirements prescribed by NDRRMC

B. Non-Structural Measures: 1. Complete and update the flood control and drainage master plans and feasibility studies of Major River Basins and Principal Rivers. 2. Clear waterway easements in coordination with LGUs and MMDA. 3. Pursue accreditation of flood control engineers through capacity building and transfer of technology. 4. Upgrade quality standards based on Design Guidelines, Criteria & Standards (DGCS) 2015 which incorporates resilient design to address climate change impacts to all infrastructures. 5. Deploy equipment and manpower within 24 hours from the first advisory of NDRRMC, PAG-ASA and PHIVOLCS. 16

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

A. Structural Measures

17 DPWH conducts assessment:

Necessary for old (important) structures –

long years of existence – degradation

of strength/aging of materials, wear

and tear, exposure to elements

Need to be maintained – usage, durability, serviceability, avoid

deterioration DPWH conducts assessment:

Need rehabilitation/repair – construction

defects, design failure, material aging

- cost-effectiveness

Upgrade to new standards – continuous code

development based on current technology,

code compliance

Retrofitting/Strengthening- depends on the results of the assessment Structures for Inspection Seismic Vulnerability Assessment

First Level Inspection -- Rapid Visual Screening Procedure (RVS) FEMA 154 (PICE/ASEP/OCD DQRP /

Preparation of Reports DPWH-TFBBI) -- BOD Earthquake Hazards Form Detailed Evaluation Required? NO YES Detailed Evaluation / Inspection - - Verify As-Built Conditions/ Geotechnical (Second Level) Investigation Report

Engineering NO Evaluation Required? Retrofitting YES Feasible? NO Engineering Evaluation YES (Third Level) Construction of Demolition & Retrofitting Works Reconstruction NO Retrofitting Required ? YES Design of Retrofitting Structure for Occupancy

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

Construct/rehabilitate flood mitigation structures along major basins and principal rivers. -Marikina River Channel Improvement Flood Risk Management Project (FRIMP) in Project, Phase III Cagayan de Oro River

Earth dike: 11,928 meters (left and right bank);

Concrete Flood Wall: 3,259 meters (left and right bank)

including 1,449 meters reinforced concrete/masonry Channel improvement works consisting of revetments, slope protection; parapet walls, riverbank excavation, dredging works, Gates and Drainage Outlets: 3 steel slide gates; 19 flap dike embankment, drainage improvement, sluice gates; 3 reinforced concrete box culverts; 18 reinforced structures, bridge foundation protection at remaining pipe culverts; and 1 reinforced concrete headwall; sections of and priority critical sections of Retarding basins: preserved 97 hectares of natural Lower Marikina River. retarding basin; developed 13 hectares of natural

retarding basin; Will decrease flood inundation by 18%. New Road and Raising of Existing Road for Evacuation: Will reduce flood damages by P14.3 billion. 2,756 m; Will reduce affected population by 0.2 million. Improved Kagayan Bridge

Project Cost: P7.55 B ($151.04 M) Project Cost: P8.55 B ($171.04 M) Schedule: 2014-2017 Schedule: 2018-2022

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

Upgrade/improve drainage capacity. Blumentritt Interceptor Catchment Area Main Drainage Project

Improvement of drainage system in Maysilo Area and its immediate vicinity. Construction/rehabilitation of drainage system from Estero De Sunog Apog to Piy Margal in Sampaloc, Will protect 182 hectares composed of 10 barangays and 4 Manila major roads, namely (East), Boni Avenue (West), San Francisco Street and Martinez Road. Project Cost: P 622.0 M ($12.44 M) The inundation depth will decrease from chest deep to just Schedule: 2013-2016 about six inches of flooding and decrease duration of flooding to only about 30 minutes

Project Cost: P609.12 M ($12.19 M) Schedule: 2013-2017

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

Rehabilitate, retrofit and strengthen existing bridges. , Manila Priority Bridges Seismic Improvement Project ( and Lambingan Bridge)

Rehabilitation of super structure of Quezon Bridge, Replacement of outer bridges and replacement of along Extension has major scope substructure including foundation of inner bridge of of work underneath the steel bridge which involved Guadalupe Bridge. sand blasting, replacement of fire damaged structural components and painting of structural steel Replacement of Lambingan Bridge with vertical members, installation of carbon fiber. geometry improvement of both sides approach road.

Project Cost: P 77.83 M ($1.56 M) Project Cost: P4.29 B ($85.82 M) Schedule: March 2016-February 2017 Schedule: 2019-2022

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

Rehabilitate, retrofit and strengthen existing bridges.

METRO MANILA PRIORITY BRIDGES FOR SEISMIC IMPROVEMENT PROJECT

•The north-south link of the area is provided with old bridges (with seismic risks) crossing Pasig River •The need to improve the structural capacity and seismic performance of these major bridges have become a critical and urgent issue.

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

Rehabilitate, retrofit and strengthen existing bridges.

BRIDGE PRIORITIZATION FOR SEISMIC IMPROVEMENT

The project study area covered the bridges along the Pasig-Marikina River in Metro Manila and selected major bridges along the arterial roads outside Metro Manila

(a) Within Metro (b) Outside Metro Manila Manila

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities

(Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

PROVIDE Safe and Alternative Access to Highly Vulnerable Areas

Pasig River, Marikina River and Manggahan Floodway Bridges Construction Project (12 Bridges-3,709 m)

Bridges crossing Pasig River (6) •North and South Habor Bridge •2nd (Carlos Palanca-San Marcelino) •Beata-F.Y. Manalo Bridge (Pandacan-Sta. Ana) •F. Blumentritt-Antipolo Bridge •Binondo-Intramuros Bridge* •Estrella-Pantaleon Bridge* Bridges crossing Marikina River (4) •Kabayani-Katipunan Bridge •Reposo-Guatemala Bridge •J.P. Rizal-Yale Bridge •G. Gabriel St.-Mercury Ave. Bridge Bridges crossing Manggahan Floodway (2) •East Bank-West Bank Bridge 1 •East Bank-West Bank Bridge 2

Project Cost: P18.98 B ($379.70 M)

*Proposed for China Grant

Pasig River, Marikina River and Manggahan Floodway Bridges Construction Project

PROVIDE Safe and Alternative Access to Highly Vulnerable Areas

STA. MONICA-LAWTON BR.

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

Improve national roads vulnerable to flooding, landslide and slope failure

NRJ Blanca- Bunawan Road Slope Stabilization Eco-Park Road leading to System Project in Palawan North Road National Bunawan Eco Park, Agusan Himampangon, Manjuyod, Highway Project Del Sur Negros Oriental

High Tensile Wire Technology

Bioengineering Solutions (i.e., High Tensile Wire Technology Mechanically Stabilized Earth Coconet) (MSE) walls with Geosynthetics

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

Build Evacuation Centers incorporating requirements prescribed by NDRRMC

Total Lot Area : 2,610.00 Sq. M. Total Cost: P 36 Million

* Based on the Conceptual Design prepared by DPWH and approved by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) 29

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

B. Non Structural Measures

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Strategic Policies: (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

❖Use geo-hazard maps for infrastructure planning and disaster risk reduction measures.

❖Capacity building for Engineers of DPWH especially in disaster risk reduction and management

❖Build resilient public infrastructure facilities for emergency situations and disaster mitigation.

❖Adopt Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) principles.

❖Implement River Basin Approach to Flood Management and Water Optimization.

❖Adopt “Build Back Better” principle in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction.

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Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

DPWH Programs for the Resiliency of Public Buildings

Capacity Enhancement Program in the Conduct of Post Earthquake Quick Damage Assessment together with JICA and Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers (PICE)

• JICA experts to provide training and capacity enhancement to the Engineers of the Department particularly those in the Regional and District Offices and to include Engineers from the local Offices in assessing the extent of the damages of calamity such as earthquake in the infrastructures.

• Selected Engineers from LGUs and PICE will be included in this training program so that in the event of earthquakes, a rapid post assessment can immediately be done by those already near the disaster sites.

• JICA team will craft a training programme and a post Disaster quick inspection manual including a checklist guide customized in local – Philippine setting

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

Name of Project Php’B $’M Pasig-Marikina River Improvement and 198.44 3,969.83 Dam Construction

Meycauayan River Improvement 14.04 280.87 Malabon-Tullahan River Improvement 21.64 432.91

South Parañaque-Las Piñas River 17.34 346.89 Improvement

East Mangahan Floodway (Cainta & 25.90 518.13 Taytay River Improvement)

West Laguna Lakeshore Land Raising 25.19 503.93

Land Raising for Small Cities around 7.16 143.24 Laguna Lakeshore

Improvement of the Inflow Rivers to 0.64 12.80 Laguna Lake

Manila Core Area Drainage 27.26 545.34 Improvement West Mangahan Area Drainage 5.52 110.43 Improvement

Valenzuela-Obando-Meycauayan 8.61 172.24 (VOM) Improvement

Total Estimated Requirement: P351.7 B $7,036.6M INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF BRIDGE SEISMIC DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS (BSDS)

• The DPWH LRFD (LoadBackground Resistance and Factor Design) Bridge Seismic Design Specifications (BSDS) has been prepared to address the issue on reliability of our transport infrastructure, such as bridges, flyovers and other related highway structures in times of natural disasters. • In line with the BSDS is the implementation of the DPWH Design Guidelines, Criteria and Standards (DGCS) 2015 Volume 5 – Bridges Design, which adopts the use of LRFD approach in design for construction, repair and retrofitting of highway bridges and other related highway structures.

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Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

DPWH Programs for the Resiliency of Public Buildings

1. Conduct of Vulnerability and Risk Assessment of Critical Facilities and Infrastructure along the West Valley Fault

Buildings Inspected No. of Buildings No. of Buildings No. of Occupancy/Use No. of Buildings Recommended for Recommended for Condemned Inspected Detailed Evaluation Repair/Rehabilitation Buildings

a. Schools and Facilities 113 71 85 11

b. Hospitals, Health Centers 17 8 7 and Facilities

c. Sports Complex and 24 4 16 Assembly Area Structure

d. Other Public Buildings 69 34 48 2

223 117 156 13

An assessment of public buildings within the 100-meter buffer zone from both sides of the West Valley Fault was already conducted.

Buildings with initial findings as to their structural integrity must undergo detailed evaluation which may be done by a private structural engineering consultant with experience in structural evaluation.

Livable, Sustainable and Resilient Communities (Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Program)

DPWH Programs for the Resiliency of Public Buildings

2. Conduct of Pre-Earthquake Evaluation of Government Buildings (upon request)

Agency/Buildings Inspected 34 Buildings and 1 Lighthouse, Headquarters Coast Guard Base Farola, Farola Compound, Muelle dela Industria, Binondo, Manila Science Heritage Building, National Academy of Science and Technology, DOST Complex, Bicutan, Taguig Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI) Buldings, Department of Science and Technology (DOST) Head Office, Gen. Santos Avenue, Bicutan, Taguig City

3. Conduct of Trainings for Disaster Risk Evaluation, Preparedness and Response Training Proposed Target Participants Implementation Conduct of Pre and Post Earthquake Evaluation April 2017 ROs and DEOs Earthquake and Landslide Search and Rescue May 2017 Central Office Orientation Course Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) – Batch I June 2017 ROs and DEOs Re-Orientation Workshop on Disaster Risk Reduction June 2017 ROs and DEOs and Management (DRRM) The DPWH is the mandated agency to enforce the structural standards in the Philippines.

The Structural Code recently prepared by ASEP and approved by DPWH if strictly followed should ensure there is no major structural damage to a structure when an earthquake strikes.

ENFORCEMENT AND COMPLIANCE TO

ALREADY EXISTING LAWS

R.A. 6541 National Building Code and PD 1096, its IRR R.A. 9275, Philippine Clean Water Act R.A. 8749, Philippine Clear Air Act R.A. 10121, Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010 R.A. 9729, Climate Change Act of 2009 R.A. 7160, Local Government Code of 1991 • ANY NEW LAW THAT MAY HELP US? • THE PROPOSED LAND USE ACT IS PENDING. • Maybe we might want to rethink and focus perhaps on an Open Space Act. Areas such as fault zones which are prone to impacts of ground shaking can be converted to green open spaces. Open spaces in Urban or built up area can be used as evacuation areas. Thank You

For your

Attention!!!