IBM 709 MANUFACTU RER IBM 709 Data Processing System International Business Machines Corporation
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Weeel for the IBM 704 Data Processing System Reference Manual
aC sicru titi Wane: T| weeel for the IBM 704 Data Processing System Reference Manual FORTRAN II for the IBM 704 Data Processing System © 1958 by International Business Machines Corporation MINOR REVISION This edition, C28-6000-2, is a minor revision of the previous edition, C28-6000-1, but does not obsolete it or C28-6000. The principal change is the substitution of a new discussion of the COMMONstatement. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page General Introduction... ee 1 Note on Associated Publications Le 6 PART |. THE FORTRAN If LANGUAGE , 7 Chapter 1. General Properties of a FORTRAN II Source Program . 9 Types of Statements. 1... 1. ee ee ee we 9 Types of Source Programs. .......... ~ ee 9 Preparation of Input to FORTRAN I Translatorcee es 9 Classification of the New FORTRAN II Statements. 9 Chapter 2. Arithmetic Statements Involving Functions. ....... 10 Arithmetic Statements. .. 1... 2... ew eee . 10 Types of Functions . il Function Names. ..... 12 Additional Examples . 13 Chapter 3. The New FORTRAN II Statements ......... 2 16 CALL .. 16 SUBROUTINE. 2... 6 ee ee te ew eh ee es 17 FUNCTION. 2... 1 ee ee ww ew ew ww ew ew ee 18 COMMON ...... 2. ee se ee eee wee . 20 RETURN. 2... 1 1 ew ee te ee we wt wt wh wt 22 END... «4... ee we ee ce ew oe te tw . 22 PART Il, PRIMER ON THE NEW FORTRAN II FACILITIES . .....0+2«~W~ 25 Chapter 1. FORTRAN II Function Subprograms. 0... eee 27 Purpose of Function Subprograms. .....445... 27 Example 1: Function of an Array. ....... 2 + 6 27 Dummy Variables. -
The PORTHOS Executive System for the IBM 7094
A § 1 " * '& I m I ^ ;/ 1 ^ # **W : : : The Porthos Executive System for the IBM 7O9I+ User ' s Manual Table of Contents Title Sheet Preface Table of Contents 1. The 709^-1^01 Computer Installation 1.1. Description 1.1.1. General 1.1.2. Organization 1.1.3* Equipment 1.2. Programming Services 1.2.1. System Consulting 1.2.2. System Development 1.2.3- Associated Programmers 1.3« Library Services 1.3* 1' Program Documentation 1.3*2. Subroutines I.3. 3« Reference Publications 1.3.1+. The Mailing List 1.3' 5* Information Bulletins Date 5/1/65 Section Contents Page: 1 Change 2 Porthos Manual Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://archive.org/details/porthosexecutivesyOOuniv : s 2. Use of the Computing Facility 2.1. Conditions of Use 2.1.1. Policy for Charging for Computer Use 2.1.2. Refunding of IBM 7094 Time Due to System or Machine Failures 2.1.2.1. In-System Jobs 2.1.2.2. Relinquish Jobs 2.2. Application for Use of Equipment 2.2.1. The Form 2.2.2. Submission and Approval 2.2.3. Entries on the Problem Specification Form 2.2.4. Changes in the Problem Specification 2.2.5. Problem Abstracts 2.3- Logging and Control of Computer Time 2.3«1« Accounting for Computer Time 2.3.2. Notices to Users Concerning Lapsing Time 2.3.3. Department Reports 2.3'3-l« Internal Reports 2. 3- 3* 2. The Technical Progress Report 2. -
Data Processing with Unit Record Equipment in Iceland
Data Processing with Unit Record Equipment in Iceland Óttar Kjartansson (Retired) Manager of Data Processing Department at Skýrr, Iceland [email protected] Abstract. This paper presents an overview of the usage of unit record equipment and punched cards in Iceland and introduces some of the pioneers. The usage of punched cards as a media in file processing started 1949 and became the dominant machine readable media in Iceland until 1968. After that punched cards were still used as data entry media for a while but went completely out of use in 1982. Keywords: Data processing, unit record, punched card, Iceland. 1 Hagstofa Íslands Hagstofa Íslands (Statistical Bureau of Iceland) initiated the use of 80 column punched cards and unit record equipment in Iceland in the year 1949. The first ma- chinery consisted of tabulating machine of the type IBM 285 (handled numbers only), the associated key punch machines, verifiers, and a card sorter. See Figures 1 and 2. This equipment was primarily used to account for the import and export for Iceland. Skýrr (Skýrsluvélar ríkisins og Reykjavíkurborgar - The Icelandic State and Munici- pal Data Center) was established three years later by an initiative from Hagstofa Íslands, Rafmagnsveita Reykjavíkur (Reykjavík Electric Power Utility), and the Medical Director of Health of Iceland as was described in an earlier article [3]. Fig. 1. IBM 285 Electric Accounting Machine at Hagstofa Íslands year 1949 J. Impagliazzo, T. Järvi, and P. Paju (Eds.): HiNC 2, IFIP AICT 303, pp. 225–229, 2009. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2009 226 Ó. Kjartansson Fig. 2. Early form of the data registration using a punched card. -
Oct. 5Th IBM 1401
episode “Whither Canada?” The IBM 1403 series would run for forty-five Oct. 5th Oct. 5, 1959 episodes over four series. It was conceived, written, and The IBM 1403 line printer was performed Graham Chapman, IBM 1401 introduced at the same time as John Cleese, Terry Gilliam, Eric the IBM 1401 [previous entry]. Idle, Terry Jones, and Michael Oct. 5, 1959 The original could print 600 Palin. lines per minute, but the Model The term “spam” in reference to The IBM 1401 was the first 3 could manage a blazingly fast bulk, unsolicited email [March machine in the highly successful 1400 lines per minute. IBM 1400 series. IBM was 31] is derived from the show’s pleasantly surprised (perhaps It was the first printer to offer a “Spam” sketch which premiered even shocked) to receive 5,200 width of 132 columns, which on Dec. 15, 1970. “Spam” is orders in just five weeks after its was subsequently adapted by uttered at least 132 times. announcement – more than had many others devices, such as the The Python language [Feb 20] is been predicted for the entire Centronics 101 (1970), the named after the troupe, and lifetime of the device. Indeed, DECwriter II ([Sept 24]1975), Monty Python references are the number of installed and the Epson MX-80 ([Oct 00] often found in sample code. For machines peaked at over 10,000 1980). One historian believes instance, many Python coders in the mid-1960s, and accounted this unusual number of columns like to use spam, ham, and eggs for nearly half of all the derives from the spacing used by as variables, instead of the more computer systems in the world IBM’s pre-1928 punch cards traditional foo [March 10], bar, at the time. -
IBM 1401 System Summary
File No. 1401-00 Form A24-1401-1 Systems Reference Library IBM 1401 System Summary This reference publication contains brief descriptions of the machine features, components, configurations, and special features. Also included is a section on pro grams and programming systems. Publications providing detailed information on sub jects discussed in this summary are listed in IB~I 1401 and 1460 Bibliography, Form A24-1495. Major Revision (September 1964) This publication, Form A24-1401-1, is a major revision of and obsoletes Form A24-1401-0. Significant changes have been made throughout the publication. Reprinted April 1966 Copies of this and other IBM publications can be obtained through IBM Branch Offices. Address comments concerning the content of this publication to IBM Product Publications, Endicott, New York 13764. Contents IBM 1401 System Summary . ........... 5 System Concepts . ................ 6 Card-Oriented System .... ......... 11 Physical Features. 11 Interleaving. .. .................................... 14 Data Flow.... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. ................... 14 Checking ................................................... 15 Word Mark.. ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... ... ........... 15 Stored-Program Instructions. .................. 15 Operation Codes . .. 18 Editing. .. ............ 18 IBM 1401 Console ............................................ 19 IBM 1406 Storage Unit. ........................... 20 Magnetic-Tape-Oriented System . ........................... 22 Data Flow ................................................. -
Computing Science Technical Report No. 99 a History of Computing Research* at Bell Laboratories (1937-1975)
Computing Science Technical Report No. 99 A History of Computing Research* at Bell Laboratories (1937-1975) Bernard D. Holbrook W. Stanley Brown 1. INTRODUCTION Basically there are two varieties of modern electrical computers, analog and digital, corresponding respectively to the much older slide rule and abacus. Analog computers deal with continuous information, such as real numbers and waveforms, while digital computers handle discrete information, such as letters and digits. An analog computer is limited to the approximate solution of mathematical problems for which a physical analog can be found, while a digital computer can carry out any precisely specified logical proce- dure on any symbolic information, and can, in principle, obtain numerical results to any desired accuracy. For these reasons, digital computers have become the focal point of modern computer science, although analog computing facilities remain of great importance, particularly for specialized applications. It is no accident that Bell Labs was deeply involved with the origins of both analog and digital com- puters, since it was fundamentally concerned with the principles and processes of electrical communication. Electrical analog computation is based on the classic technology of telephone transmission, and digital computation on that of telephone switching. Moreover, Bell Labs found itself, by the early 1930s, with a rapidly growing load of design calculations. These calculations were performed in part with slide rules and, mainly, with desk calculators. The magnitude of this load of very tedious routine computation and the necessity of carefully checking it indicated a need for new methods. The result of this need was a request in 1928 from a design department, heavily burdened with calculations on complex numbers, to the Mathe- matical Research Department for suggestions as to possible improvements in computational methods. -
MTS on Wikipedia Snapshot Taken 9 January 2011
MTS on Wikipedia Snapshot taken 9 January 2011 PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Sun, 09 Jan 2011 13:08:01 UTC Contents Articles Michigan Terminal System 1 MTS system architecture 17 IBM System/360 Model 67 40 MAD programming language 46 UBC PLUS 55 Micro DBMS 57 Bruce Arden 58 Bernard Galler 59 TSS/360 60 References Article Sources and Contributors 64 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 65 Article Licenses License 66 Michigan Terminal System 1 Michigan Terminal System The MTS welcome screen as seen through a 3270 terminal emulator. Company / developer University of Michigan and 7 other universities in the U.S., Canada, and the UK Programmed in various languages, mostly 360/370 Assembler Working state Historic Initial release 1967 Latest stable release 6.0 / 1988 (final) Available language(s) English Available programming Assembler, FORTRAN, PL/I, PLUS, ALGOL W, Pascal, C, LISP, SNOBOL4, COBOL, PL360, languages(s) MAD/I, GOM (Good Old Mad), APL, and many more Supported platforms IBM S/360-67, IBM S/370 and successors History of IBM mainframe operating systems On early mainframe computers: • GM OS & GM-NAA I/O 1955 • BESYS 1957 • UMES 1958 • SOS 1959 • IBSYS 1960 • CTSS 1961 On S/360 and successors: • BOS/360 1965 • TOS/360 1965 • TSS/360 1967 • MTS 1967 • ORVYL 1967 • MUSIC 1972 • MUSIC/SP 1985 • DOS/360 and successors 1966 • DOS/VS 1972 • DOS/VSE 1980s • VSE/SP late 1980s • VSE/ESA 1991 • z/VSE 2005 Michigan Terminal System 2 • OS/360 and successors -
0-Go6769 (COMP E CN E (Acessio°/,Yer)
II UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND COMPUTER SCIENCE CENTER eC)C COLLEGE PARX, MARYLAND .. TRSIN_N?0-go6769 _(COMP E CN E (AcEssio°/,yER). ,T7U) / , (.PAbES" - COE(CAEGORY) NATIONAL TECHN S---ingfiod, Va. 22151 N70-36769 AN IOCS ALGORITHM FOR MICROPROGRAMMING Jeffry W. Yeh University of Maryland College Park, Maryland July 1970 0; .. o ¥ :-S -." NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE SS/0. U.S.NDEEAVMEE C •9-:4. • 0* oc OS.0* e This document has been approved for public release and sale. TGhnicalReport-70-124 July 1970 'R-21-002-206 An lOCS Algorithm for Microprogramming by -Jeffry W. Yeh This research was supported in part by Singer-Link Research Assistant Scholarship in Computer Science and by Grant NGR-21-002-206 from the National Aeronautics and Space.Administration. Abstract An Input-output Control System (IOCS) initiates and controls the input and output processes of an operating system, thereby making it unnecessary for the user to recode any of these processes. Input-Output Control Systems usually,perform the following functions: (l)'file and buffer handling for the creation and maintenance of the file, the -" buffering of the input-output data, and the blocking or deblocking of the records; (2) input-output scheduling for the examination of the result of an I/O activity and the determination of the next I/O activity; (3) generation of the actual I/O programs, including #e channel programs. This report presents a tree-structure design of an IOCS, using double-buffers. The design includes a set of macro instructions and a set of algorithms. There are three levels in the tree-structure: the first level deals with file handling and buffering; the second level with I/O scheduling; and the third level with the device drivers. -
Museum Monthly Reports
.J LI j' .. ... ' .J t / . oJ , EXHIBITS AND AR~HJVES D::::PhRTIV1Et\'Y' -- OCTOBER '83 REPORT STAFFING: "'1eredith Stelling, Cooro i na tor Gregory Welch, Operations Manager/Research Bill Wisheart , Registr~r/Photo and Video Archives Beth Par kh urst, Re search RECENT ARTIFACT AC0UISITIONS (since October 1, 1983): X239. 83 Monr oe High Speed Adding Calculator, gift of Lee Swanson. X240.83 Vari-typer, gift of Lee Swanson. X241.83 HP-65 Programmable Calculator, gift of Stephen and Barbara Gross. X241.83 BIAX memory cores, gift of G.B. Westrom. X243.83 - X259.83 The University of Illinios Department of Computer Science Collection of Drawing Instruments, Slide Rules, Calculators and Circuit Boards. X243.83 Smith's Im proved Protactor. 7 X246.83 ILLIAC III Ci rcuit Boards. /o X2~7. 83 ILLIAC II Ci r cuit Board. /0 X250.e3 Keuffel & Esser Cylind rical Slide Rule. ? X260.83 - X274.83 The SAGE AN/SFQ-7 computer. Gi ft of The National 1'1useum of Science and Technology, Ontario. X2r,r . 83 1/2 naste r console ~ C5l5U X2f,} . [;3 "· ,o.onet j c Dr U':l Uni t. 5. (f(5D ~ I X2',2 . P3 IRM 7J8 printer. /C1t7 X2 G ~ . 83.1':>, - E 5 RAda r Operato r's Consoles. ~~ 107.J7.J X7r.t. £'3.Z>. - E 5 Auxiliary Consoles. -------6?:!O/02J7..) X2C,S . 83?l, - E 5 Operator's Chairs. 50 I X7 :- F. f' 3 I RIv! 2 G Car d Pu n c h . / CJ7) X767 . S3 IB"'1 723 Ca rd Recorne r. -
Systems Reference Library
File No. 1620-36 Form C26-5774-0 Pages Revised 5/22/64 Systems Reference Library IBM 1620 Monitor II System Reference Manual This publication describes the 1620 Monitor II System, a combined operating and programming system. This system includes a Supervisor Program, a Disk Utility Program, an sps II-D Assembler, and a FORTRAN II-D Compiler. The latter three programs operate under control of the Supervisor Program to provide continuous operation. Also described is the 1620-1443 Monitor II System. This sys tem is designed to use the IBM 1443 Printer as an integral Iunit in the processing of source programs. Form C26-5774-0 Page Revised 5/22/64 By TNL N26-0080 Reader Survey Form A reader survey form is included at the back of this manual. We would appreciate your evaluation of this manual to assist us with future revisions and to guide us in planning other manuals. Thank you for your cooperation. The following pages have been revised by Technical News·· letter: TNL Number Pages Dated N26-0057 ii, 4, 18, 21, 25, 26, 30, 37, 50, 1/20/64 54, 56, 88, 108, 1l0, 114, 117, 123, 124, 125, 127, 128, 131. N26-0064 ii, iii, 5, 93, 101, 102.1, 117, 2/20/64 118, 119, 120, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 143, 154. I N26-0080 ii, iii, 135.1, 135.2, 135.3, 135.4, 5/22/64 135.5. Technical Newsletter N26-0080 supersedes the following publication: IBM 1620-1443 Monitor II System Specifications, Form C26-5858-0. -
CERN LIBRARIES, GENEVA CERN/SPC/220 28 February, 1966
CERN LIBRARIES, GENEVA CERN/SPC/220 28 February, 1966 CM-P00095068 ORGANISATION EUROPÉENNE POUR LA RECHERCHE NUCLÉAIRE CERN EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH SCIENTIFIC POLICY COMMITTEE Thirty-eighth Meeting 8 March, 1966 EXTENSIONS TO THE CERN COMPUTING FACILITIES by Dr. M.G.N. Hine The attached paper contains a review of CERN's needs from its central computing facilities, both in the near future and as far as 1969-1970. It describes possible ways in which these needs might be met within the budget forecasts, and suggests an optimum way to proceed. The scientific policy is to be discussed at the Scientific Policy Committee meeting on 8th March. If the policy line is cleared at that meeting, the Finance Committee could start discussion of the contractual implications at its meeting on 10th March. The Finance Committee would not be pressed to give final decisions at that meeting about contract adjudications, but those decisions will be needed in the near future. 66/348/5 CERN/SPC/220 EXTENSIONS TO THE CERN COMPUTING FACILITIES 1. Introduction The need to continue the development of computing facilities at CERN in order to keep pace with the rapidly growing use of com• puting and digital techniques in high-energy physics has been ex• plained on several occasions to the Scientific Policy Committee and the Finance Committee, and money has been reserved in the future budget forecasts for this purpose. A review of our needs has been made recently in the light of a year's experience of use of the CDC 6600 and associated equipment, and this paper describes the conclusions and the policy we propose to follow. -
A History of the Personal Computer Index/11
A History of the Personal Computer 6100 CPU. See Intersil Index 6501 and 6502 microprocessor. See MOS Legend: Chap.#/Page# of Chap. 6502 BASIC. See Microsoft/Prog. Languages -- Numerals -- 7000 copier. See Xerox/Misc. 3 E-Z Pieces software, 13/20 8000 microprocessors. See 3-Plus-1 software. See Intel/Microprocessors Commodore 8010 “Star” Information 3Com Corporation, 12/15, System. See Xerox/Comp. 12/27, 16/17, 17/18, 17/20 8080 and 8086 BASIC. See 3M company, 17/5, 17/22 Microsoft/Prog. Languages 3P+S board. See Processor 8514/A standard, 20/6 Technology 9700 laser printing system. 4K BASIC. See Microsoft/Prog. See Xerox/Misc. Languages 16032 and 32032 micro/p. See 4th Dimension. See ACI National Semiconductor 8/16 magazine, 18/5 65802 and 65816 micro/p. See 8/16-Central, 18/5 Western Design Center 8K BASIC. See Microsoft/Prog. 68000 series of micro/p. See Languages Motorola 20SC hard drive. See Apple 80000 series of micro/p. See Computer/Accessories Intel/Microprocessors 64 computer. See Commodore 88000 micro/p. See Motorola 80 Microcomputing magazine, 18/4 --A-- 80-103A modem. See Hayes A Programming lang. See APL 86-DOS. See Seattle Computer A+ magazine, 18/5 128EX/2 computer. See Video A.P.P.L.E. (Apple Pugetsound Technology Program Library Exchange) 386i personal computer. See user group, 18/4, 19/17 Sun Microsystems Call-A.P.P.L.E. magazine, 432 microprocessor. See 18/4 Intel/Microprocessors A2-Central newsletter, 18/5 603/4 Electronic Multiplier. Abacus magazine, 18/8 See IBM/Computer (mainframe) ABC (Atanasoff-Berry 660 computer.