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Weeel for the IBM 704 Data Processing System Reference Manual
aC sicru titi Wane: T| weeel for the IBM 704 Data Processing System Reference Manual FORTRAN II for the IBM 704 Data Processing System © 1958 by International Business Machines Corporation MINOR REVISION This edition, C28-6000-2, is a minor revision of the previous edition, C28-6000-1, but does not obsolete it or C28-6000. The principal change is the substitution of a new discussion of the COMMONstatement. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page General Introduction... ee 1 Note on Associated Publications Le 6 PART |. THE FORTRAN If LANGUAGE , 7 Chapter 1. General Properties of a FORTRAN II Source Program . 9 Types of Statements. 1... 1. ee ee ee we 9 Types of Source Programs. .......... ~ ee 9 Preparation of Input to FORTRAN I Translatorcee es 9 Classification of the New FORTRAN II Statements. 9 Chapter 2. Arithmetic Statements Involving Functions. ....... 10 Arithmetic Statements. .. 1... 2... ew eee . 10 Types of Functions . il Function Names. ..... 12 Additional Examples . 13 Chapter 3. The New FORTRAN II Statements ......... 2 16 CALL .. 16 SUBROUTINE. 2... 6 ee ee te ew eh ee es 17 FUNCTION. 2... 1 ee ee ww ew ew ww ew ew ee 18 COMMON ...... 2. ee se ee eee wee . 20 RETURN. 2... 1 1 ew ee te ee we wt wt wh wt 22 END... «4... ee we ee ce ew oe te tw . 22 PART Il, PRIMER ON THE NEW FORTRAN II FACILITIES . .....0+2«~W~ 25 Chapter 1. FORTRAN II Function Subprograms. 0... eee 27 Purpose of Function Subprograms. .....445... 27 Example 1: Function of an Array. ....... 2 + 6 27 Dummy Variables. -
UNIX and Computer Science Spreading UNIX Around the World: by Ronda Hauben an Interview with John Lions
Winter/Spring 1994 Celebrating 25 Years of UNIX Volume 6 No 1 "I believe all significant software movements start at the grassroots level. UNIX, after all, was not developed by the President of AT&T." Kouichi Kishida, UNIX Review, Feb., 1987 UNIX and Computer Science Spreading UNIX Around the World: by Ronda Hauben An Interview with John Lions [Editor's Note: This year, 1994, is the 25th anniversary of the [Editor's Note: Looking through some magazines in a local invention of UNIX in 1969 at Bell Labs. The following is university library, I came upon back issues of UNIX Review from a "Work In Progress" introduced at the USENIX from the mid 1980's. In these issues were articles by or inter- Summer 1993 Conference in Cincinnati, Ohio. This article is views with several of the pioneers who developed UNIX. As intended as a contribution to a discussion about the sig- part of my research for a paper about the history and devel- nificance of the UNIX breakthrough and the lessons to be opment of the early days of UNIX, I felt it would be helpful learned from it for making the next step forward.] to be able to ask some of these pioneers additional questions The Multics collaboration (1964-1968) had been created to based on the events and developments described in the UNIX "show that general-purpose, multiuser, timesharing systems Review Interviews. were viable." Based on the results of research gained at MIT Following is an interview conducted via E-mail with John using the MIT Compatible Time-Sharing System (CTSS), Lions, who wrote A Commentary on the UNIX Operating AT&T and GE agreed to work with MIT to build a "new System describing Version 6 UNIX to accompany the "UNIX hardware, a new operating system, a new file system, and a Operating System Source Code Level 6" for the students in new user interface." Though the project proceeded slowly his operating systems class at the University of New South and it took years to develop Multics, Doug Comer, a Profes- Wales in Australia. -
Wang Laboratories 2200 Series
C21-908-101 Programmable Terminals Wang Laboratories 2200 Series MANAGEMENT SUMMARY A series of five minicomputer systems that Wang Laboratories' 2200 Series product line currently offer both batch and interactive communica consists of the 2200VP, 2200MVP, 2200LVP and tions capabilities. 2200SVP processors, all of which are multi-user or multi user upgradeable systems. The 2200 Series product line Emulation packages are provided for standard also includes the 2200 PCS-I1I, a packaged system which Teletype communications; IBM 2741 emula is single-user oriented. tion; IBM 2780, 3780, and 3741 batch terminal communications; and IBM 3270 The CPU and floppy disk drive are packaged together interactive communications. with appropriate cables and a cabinet to produce an integrated system. The 2200 PCS-I1I includes the CPU, A basic 2200PCS-1II with 32K bytes of user CRT, keyboard and single-sided double density memory, a CRT display, and a minidiskette minidiskette drive in a standard CRT-size enclosure as drive is priced at $6,500. Prices range well as an optional disk multiplexer controller. The upward to $21,000 for a 2200MVP proc number of peripherals that can be attached to a given essor with 256K bytes of user memory, system depends on the number of I/O slots that are excluding peripherals. Leases and rental plans available, with most peripherals requiring one slot. In all are also available. 2200 Series CPUs, highly efficient use of memory is achieved through the use of separate control memory to store the BASIC-2 interpreter and operating system. CHARACTERISTICS Wang began marketing the original 2200 Series in the VENDOR: Wang Laboratories,lnc., One Industrial Avenue, Spring of 1973. -
The Operating System Handbook Or, Fake Your Way Through Minis and Mainframes
The Operating System Handbook or, Fake Your Way Through Minis and Mainframes by Bob DuCharme MVS Table of Contents Chapter 22 MVS: An Introduction.................................................................................... 22.1 Batch Jobs..................................................................................................................1 22.2 Interacting with MVS................................................................................................3 22.2.1 TSO.........................................................................................................................3 22.2.2 ISPF........................................................................................................................3 22.2.3 CICS........................................................................................................................4 22.2.4 Other MVS Components.........................................................................................4 22.3 History........................................................................................................................5 Chapter 23 Getting Started with MVS............................................................................... 23.1 Starting Up.................................................................................................................6 23.1.1 VTAM.....................................................................................................................6 23.1.2 Logging On.............................................................................................................6 -
SH20-9062-2 VSPC FORTRAN Terminal Users Guide 197809
SH20-9062-2 VSPC FORTRAN Program Product Terminal User's Guide Program Number 5748-F02 ------- -- -= -=-=- --- -------·-- - - ----- - Page of SH20-9062-2 As Updated July 10, 1979 By TNL SN20-9303 fhird Edition (September 1978) This edition, as amended by technical newsletter SN20-9303, applies to Release 1 of VSPC FORTRAN, program product 5748-F02, and to any subsequent releases until otherwise indicated in new editions or technical newsletters. Information pertainipg to Release 2 of VSPC is for OS/VS2 MVS and OS/VSl only. The changes for this edition are summarized under "Summary of Amendments" foil owing the list of figures. Specific changes are indicated by a vertical bar to the left of the change. These bars will be deleted at any subsequent republication of the page affected. Editorial changes that have no technical significance are not noted. Changes are periodically made to the information herein; before using this publication in connection with the operation of IBM systems, consult the latest IBM System/3 70 Bibliography, GC2~00 l, for the editions that are applicable and current. Publications are not stocked at the address given below; requests for IBM publications should be made to your IBM representative or to the IBM branch office serving your locality. A form for reader's comments is provided at the back of this publication. If the form has been removed, comments may be addressed to IBM Corporation, P. 0. Box 50020, Programming Publishing, San Jose, California, U.S.A. 95150. IBM may use or distribute any of the information you supply in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation whatever. -
Operating Systems
Operating Systems Interface between User & Computer Hardware Applications Programs Utilities Operating System Hardware Utilities Memory Resident File Access & Control Program Creation Memory Resident File Format Structures o Editors Access Management o Compilers Protection Schemes o Debuggers System Access & Control File Manipulation System-Wide Access o File Manipulation Resource Access o File Deletion Error Detection & Response Mechanism Program Execution Error Detection Link-Loaders Error Correction Run-Time Management Response to Unrecoverable Error I/O Device Access & Control Accounting Storage File Format Structures System Usage Collection Access Management System Performance Tuning Protection Schemes Forecasting Enhancement Requirements Billing Users for Usage Resource Manager O/S KernelKernel I/O Controller Printers, Keyboards, I/O Controller Monitors, Portions of Cameras, the O/S Etc. currently in use Computer Main System Memory Portions of Various I/O Application Devices Programs Currently in use Operating System Data Application Programs I/O Controller Storage Processor Processor Data Processor Processor Operation Allocation of Main Memory is made jointly by both the O/S and Memory Management Hardware O/S controls access to I/O devices by Application Programs O/S controls access to and use of files O/S controls access to and use of the processors, i.e., how much time can be allocated to the execution of a particular Application Program Classification of Operating Systems Interactive O/S Keyboard & Monitor Access to O/S Immediate, -
Big Blue in the Bottomless Pit: the Early Years of IBM Chile
Big Blue in the Bottomless Pit: The Early Years of IBM Chile Eden Medina Indiana University In examining the history of IBM in Chile, this article asks how IBM came to dominate Chile’s computer market and, to address this question, emphasizes the importance of studying both IBM corporate strategy and Chilean national history. The article also examines how IBM reproduced its corporate culture in Latin America and used it to accommodate the region’s political and economic changes. Thomas J. Watson Jr. was skeptical when he The history of IBM has been documented first heard his father’s plan to create an from a number of perspectives. Former em- international subsidiary. ‘‘We had endless ployees, management experts, journalists, and opportunityandlittleriskintheUS,’’he historians of business, technology, and com- wrote, ‘‘while it was hard to imagine us getting puting have all made important contributions anywhere abroad. Latin America, for example to our understanding of IBM’s past.3 Some seemed like a bottomless pit.’’1 However, the works have explored company operations senior Watson had a different sense of the outside the US in detail.4 However, most of potential for profit within the world market these studies do not address company activi- and believed that one day IBM’s sales abroad ties in regions of the developing world, such as would surpass its growing domestic business. Latin America.5 Chile, a slender South Amer- In 1949, he created the IBM World Trade ican country bordered by the Pacific Ocean on Corporation to coordinate the company’s one side and the Andean cordillera on the activities outside the US and appointed his other, offers a rich site for studying IBM younger son, Arthur K. -
VMS CRA Y Station Now Available It Is Now Possible to Submit Jobs Functions Closely
VMS CRA Y Station Now Available It is now possible to submit jobs Functions closely. It is implemented as a to the CRAY-1 from UCC's VAX/VMS The VMS station provides these series of commands entered in system. functions: response to the system's $ A CRAY-1 running the cos oper prompt. The commands look like ating system requires another -It submits jobs to the CRAY-1, VMS commands: they have pa computer to act as a "front-end" and returns output as a file un rameters and /qualifiers; they fol system. You prepare jobs and der the user's VMS directory. low much the same syntax and data on the front-end system, us -It transfers files between the interpretation rules (for example, ing whatever tools that system machines using the cos AC wild cards are handled correctly); provides, then submit the files as QUIRE and DISPOSE commands. and they prompt for required a batch job to the CRAY for proc The source of an ACQUIREd file parameters not present on the essing. Output is returned to the can be disk or tape; the desti command line. You can always front-end system for viewing. nation of a DISPOSEd file can recognize a station command, The software that runs on the be disk, tape, printer, or the though, because it always begins front-end machine to provide this VMS batch input queue. with the letter C. For example, communication is called a -At your option, it sends bulle the station command to submit a "station." tins to the terminal chronicling job to the CRAY is CSUBMIT. -
VALIDATED PRODUCTS LIST 1992 No.2
NISTIR 4820 (Supersedes NISTIR 4739) VALIDATED PRODUCTS LIST 1992 No. 2 Programming Languages Database Language SQL Graphics GOSIP POSIX Security Judy B. Kailey U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Technology Administration National Institute of Standards and Technoiogy Computer Systems Laboratory Software Standards Validation Group Gaithersburg, MD 20899 “QC — TOO .U56 4820 NIST 1992 N I STIR 482 (Supersedes NISTIR 4739) ' O VALIDATED PRODUCTS LIST 1992 No.2 Programming Languages Database Language SQL Graphics GOSIP POSiX Security Judy B. Kailey U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Technology Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology Computer Systems Laboratory Software Standards Validation Group Gaithersburg, MD 20899 April 1992 (Supersedes January 1992 Issue) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Barbara Hackman Franklin, Secretary TECHNOLOGY ADMINISTRATION Robert M. White, Linder Secretary for Technology NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY John W. Lyons, Director FOREWORD The Validated Products List (formerly called the Validated Processor List) is a collection of registers describing implementations of Federal Information Processing Standards (FTPS) that have been validated for conformance to FTPS. The Validated Products List also contains information about the organizations, test methods and procedures that support the validation programs for the FTPS identified in this document. The Validated Products List is updated quarterly. lii ' " M'- v^,.^.:v;/i'fr•i•:‘fey^^?4 .•:, .V.' ini‘,r^f' isfc'^feV VihV'’, !iV.V I t: 4 #> vm- 'at' Mil! .M'? Of'S8r'»'' SIVS 'V-tv. ','V ..(Vi feiii yA ' r' ' '4: ,. = r,: 0 r^'-' ".V.^l , ;‘ • » JjTT ;»»!£ ... •':«5(4i ' |i“' T" •.(''’'ia\.':l'"' f*l, r-’i"' i'-" '.:"::'.".vi ';... '('?. .;r'H vl. '' ' " .. i.” -' f-j'" , '' '(^ • '.v;.» . -
Chapter 10 Introduction to Batch Files
Instructor’s Manual Chapter 10 Lecture Notes Introduction to Batch Files Chapter 10 Introduction to Batch Files LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Compare and contrast batch and interactive processing. 2. Explain how batch files work. 3. Explain the purpose and function of the REM, ECHO, and PAUSE commands. 4. Explain how to stop or interrupt the batch file process. 5. Explain the function and use of replaceable parameters in batch files. 6. Explain the function of pipes, filters, and redirection in batch files. STUDENT OUTCOMES 1. Use Edit to write batch files. 2. Use COPY CON to write batch files. 3. Write and execute a simple batch file. 4. Write a batch file to load an application program. 5. Use the REM, PAUSE, and ECHO commands in batch files. 6. Terminate a batch file while it is executing. 7. Write batch files using replaceable parameters. 8. Write a batch file using pipes, filters, and redirection. CHAPTER SUMMARY 1. Batch processing means running a series of instructions without interruption. 2. Interactive processing allows the user to interface directly with the computer and update records immediately. 3. Batch files allow a user to put together a string of commands and execute them with one command. 4. Batch files must have the .BAT or .CMD file extension. 5. Windows looks first internally for a command, then for a .COM files extension, then for a .EXE file extension, and finally for a .BAT or .CMD file extension. 6. Edit is a full-screen text editor used to write batch files. 7. A word processor, if it has a means to save files in ASCII, can be used to write batch files. -
Uni Hamburg – Mainframe Summit 2010 Z/OS – the Mainframe Operating System
Uni Hamburg – Mainframe Summit 2010 z/OS – The Mainframe Operating System Appendix 2 – JES and Batchprocessing Redelf Janßen IBM Technical Sales Mainframe Systems [email protected] © Copyright IBM Corporation 2010 Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM. 4.0.1 Introduction to the new mainframe Chapter 7: Batch processing and the Job Entry Subsystem (JES) © Copyright IBM Corp., 2010. All rights reserved. Introduction to the new mainframe Chapter 7 objectives Be able to: • Give an overview of batch processing and how work is initiated and managed in the system. • Explain how the job entry subsystem (JES) governs the flow of work through a z/OS system. © Copyright IBM Corp., 2010. All rights reserved. 3 Introduction to the new mainframe Key terms in this chapter • batch processing • procedure • execution • purge • initiator • queue • job • spool • job entry subsystem (JES) • symbolic reference • output • workload manager (WLM) © Copyright IBM Corp., 2010. All rights reserved. 4 Introduction to the new mainframe What is batch processing? Much of the work running on z/OS consists of programs called batch jobs. Batch processing is used for programs that can be executed: • With minimal human interaction • At a scheduled time or on an as-needed basis. After a batch job is submitted to the system for execution, there is normally no further human interaction with the job until it is complete. © Copyright IBM Corp., 2010. All rights reserved. 5 Introduction to the new mainframe What is JES? In the z/OS operating system, JES manages the input and output job queues and data. -
Hercules General Information
Hercules System/370, ESA/390, z/Architecture Emulator Hercules – General Information Version 3 Release 06 Contents Contents ........................................................................................................................................................2 Figures...........................................................................................................................................................7 Tables............................................................................................................................................................9 1. Preface .............................................................................................................................................10 1.1 Edition information ........................................................................................................................10 1.2 What this book is about.................................................................................................................10 1.3 Who should read this book ...........................................................................................................10 1.4 What you need to know to understand this book..........................................................................10 1.5 How to use this book.....................................................................................................................10 1.6 Revision Notice .............................................................................................................................10