Examples of Pidgin and Creole Languages
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“Spanglish,” Using Spanish and English in the Same Conversation, Can Be Traced Back in Modern Times to the Middle of the 19Th Century
FAMILY, COMMUNITY, AND CULTURE 391 Logan, Irene, et al. Rebozos de la colección Robert Everts. Mexico City: Museo Franz Mayer, Artes de México, 1997. With English translation, pp. 49–57. López Palau, Luis G. Una región de tejedores: Santa María del Río. San Luis Potosí, Mexico: Cruz Roja Mexicana, 2002. The Rebozo Way. http://www.rebozoway.org/ Root, Regina A., ed. The Latin American Fashion Reader. New York: Berg, 2005. SI PANGL SH History and Origins The history of what people call “Spanglish,” using Spanish and English in the same conversation, can be traced back in modern times to the middle of the 19th century. In 1846 Mexico and the United States went to war. Mexico sur- rendered in 1848 with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. With its surrender, Mexico lost over half of its territory to the United States, what is now either all or parts of the states of California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming. The treaty estab- lished that Mexican citizens who remained in the new U.S. lands automatically became U.S. citizens, so a whole group of Spanish speakers was added to the U.S. population. Then, five years later the United States decided that it needed extra land to build a southern railway line that avoided the deep snow and the high passes of the northern route. This resulted in the Gadsden Purchase of 1853. This purchase consisted of portions of southern New Mexico and Arizona, and established the current U.S.-Mexico border. Once more, Mexican citizens who stayed in this area automatically became U.S. -
Pidgins and Creoles - Genevieve Escure
LINGUISTICS - Pidgins and Creoles - Genevieve Escure PIDGINS AND CREOLES Genevieve Escure Department of English, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA Keywords: contact language, lingua franca, (post)creole continuum, basilect, mesolect, acrolect, substrate, superstrate, bioprogram, monogenesis, polygenesis, relexification, variability, code switching, covert prestige, overt prestige, colonization, identity, nativization. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Some general properties of pidgins and creoles 3. Pidgins: Incipient communication 3.1. Chinese Pidgin English 3.2. Russenorsk. 3.3. Hawaiian Pidgin English 4. Creoles: Expansion, stabilization and variability 4.1. Basilect 4.2. Acrolect 4.3. Mesolect 5. Theoretical models and current trends in PC studies 5.1. Early models 5.2. Developments of the substratist position 5.3. Developments of the universalist position: The bioprogram 6. The (post)creole continuum and decreolization 7. New trends 7.1. Sociohistorical evidence 7.2. Demographic explanations 7.3. Acquisition 8. Conclusion Acknowledgements Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch UNESCO – EOLSS Summary Pidgins and creolesSAMPLE are languages that arose CHAPTERSin the context of temporary events (e.g., trade, seafaring, and even tourism), or enduring traumatic social situations such as slavery or wars. In the latter context, subjugated people were forced to create new languages for communication. Long stigmatized, those languages provide valuable insight into the mental mechanisms that enable individuals to use their innate capacity -
Author Index
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-61998-1 - Functional Categories Pieter Muysken Index More information Author index Abney, S. 9, 37, 38, 53–56, 60–63, 67, 228 Bersick, M. 108 Aboh, E. 226 Besten, H. den 213 Abu-Akel, A. 116 Bhatnagar, S. C. 136 Adams, C. 140 Bickerton, D. 10, 191, 246–250 Adams, D. Q. 88, 89 Binder, J. R. 108 Aguil´oS. J., F. 178 Binnick, R. I. 23 Ahls´en,E. 131, 135 Bishop, D. V. M. 140 Aikhenvald, A. Y. 162 Blakemore, D. 49 Akmajian, A. 58 Bloomfield, L. 229 Alb´o,X. 49, 178 Blutner, R. 7 Allen, M. 109 Boas, F. 14, 60 Alpatov, V. M. 28 Bock, K. 100 Ameka, F. 51 Bolle, J. 163 Anderson, S. A. 46 Boretzky, N. 224 Aquilina, J. 185–187 Borsley, R. D. Aronoff, M. 156, 160, 184 Bot, C. de 150 Aslin, R. 114 Boumans, L. 170 Asodanoe, J. 198 Boyes Braem, P. 156 Auger, J. 48 Bradley, D. C. 107, 108 Austerlitz, R. 92 Broadaway, R. 232 Award, J. 15 Brown, C. 99, 108 Brown, D. 36 Backus, A. 164, 172 Brown, R. 111–115 Badecker, W. 131 Bruyn, A. 6, 192, 193 Baerman, M. 36 Burt, M. 119, 120 Bahan, B. 155, 156, 159, 160 Butterworth, B. Baharav, E. 136 Bybee, J. 3, 57 Bailey A. L. 116 Bailey, N. 120 Calteaux, K. 165, 166 Baker, M. C. 4, 6, 9, 21, 53, 61, 65 Campbell, C. 233 Bakker, P. 184, 211–214, 218–221 Campbell, L. 95, 144 Bard, E. G. -
A Proposal for Conversational Questionnaires Alexandre François
A proposal for conversational questionnaires Alexandre François To cite this version: Alexandre François. A proposal for conversational questionnaires. Aimée Lahaussois; Marine Vuiller- met. Methodological Tools for Linguistic Description and Typology, 16, pp.155-196, 2019, Language Documentation & Conservation Special Publications, 978-0-9973295-5-1. hal-02061237 HAL Id: hal-02061237 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02061237 Submitted on 7 Mar 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - ShareAlike| 4.0 International License Methodological Tools for Linguistic Description and Typology edited by Aimée Lahaussois Marine Vuillermet Language Documentation & Conservation Special Publication No. 16 Table of Contents 1. Introduction: Methodological tools for linguistic description and typology Aimée Lahaussois & Marine Vuillermet ................................................................ 1 2. Linguistic diversity, language documentation and psycholinguistics: The role -
Spanglish Code-Switching in Latin Pop Music: Functions of English and Audience Reception
Spanglish code-switching in Latin pop music: functions of English and audience reception A corpus and questionnaire study Magdalena Jade Monteagudo Master’s thesis in English Language - ENG4191 Department of Literature, Area Studies and European Languages UNIVERSITY OF OSLO Spring 2020 II Spanglish code-switching in Latin pop music: functions of English and audience reception A corpus and questionnaire study Magdalena Jade Monteagudo Master’s thesis in English Language - ENG4191 Department of Literature, Area Studies and European Languages UNIVERSITY OF OSLO Spring 2020 © Magdalena Jade Monteagudo 2020 Spanglish code-switching in Latin pop music: functions of English and audience reception Magdalena Jade Monteagudo http://www.duo.uio.no/ Trykk: Reprosentralen, Universitetet i Oslo IV Abstract The concept of code-switching (the use of two languages in the same unit of discourse) has been studied in the context of music for a variety of language pairings. The majority of these studies have focused on the interaction between a local language and a non-local language. In this project, I propose an analysis of the mixture of two world languages (Spanish and English), which can be categorised as both local and non-local. I do this through the analysis of the enormously successful reggaeton genre, which is characterised by its use of Spanglish. I used two data types to inform my research: a corpus of code-switching instances in top 20 reggaeton songs, and a questionnaire on attitudes towards Spanglish in general and in music. I collected 200 answers to the questionnaire – half from American English-speakers, and the other half from Spanish-speaking Hispanics of various nationalities. -
Making Sense of "Bad English"
MAKING SENSE OF “BAD ENGLISH” Why is it that some ways of using English are considered “good” and others are considered “bad”? Why are certain forms of language termed elegant, eloquent, or refined, whereas others are deemed uneducated, coarse, or inappropriate? Making Sense of “Bad English” is an accessible introduction to attitudes and ideologies towards the use of English in different settings around the world. Outlining how perceptions about what constitutes “good” and “bad” English have been shaped, this book shows how these principles are based on social factors rather than linguistic issues and highlights some of the real-life consequences of these perceptions. Features include: • an overview of attitudes towards English and how they came about, as well as real-life consequences and benefits of using “bad” English; • explicit links between different English language systems, including child’s English, English as a lingua franca, African American English, Singlish, and New Delhi English; • examples taken from classic names in the field of sociolinguistics, including Labov, Trudgill, Baugh, and Lambert, as well as rising stars and more recent cutting-edge research; • links to relevant social parallels, including cultural outputs such as holiday myths, to help readers engage in a new way with the notion of Standard English; • supporting online material for students which features worksheets, links to audio and news files, further examples and discussion questions, and background on key issues from the book. Making Sense of “Bad English” provides an engaging and thought-provoking overview of this topic and is essential reading for any student studying sociolinguistics within a global setting. -
The Relationship of Nigerian English and Nigerian Pidgin in Nigeria: Evidence from Copula Constructions in Ice-Nigeria
journal of language contact 13 (2020) 351-388 brill.com/jlc The Relationship of Nigerian English and Nigerian Pidgin in Nigeria: Evidence from Copula Constructions in Ice-Nigeria Ogechi Florence Agbo Ph.D student, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany [email protected] Ingo Plag Professor of English Language and Linguistics Faculty of Arts and Humani- ties, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany [email protected] Abstract Deuber (2006) investigated variation in spoken Nigerian Pidgin data by educated speakers and found no evidence for a continuum of lects between Nigerian Pidgin and English. Many speakers, however, speak both languages, and both are in close contact with each other, which keeps the question of the nature of their relationship on the agenda. This paper investigates 67 conversations in Nigerian English by educated speakers as they occur in the International Corpus of English, Nigeria (ice-Nigeria, Wunder et al., 2010), using the variability in copula usage as a test bed. Implicational scaling, network analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis reveal that the use of vari- ants is not randomly distributed over speakers. Particular clusters of speakers use par- ticular constellations of variants. A qualitative investigation reveals this complex situ- ation as a continuum of style, with code-switching as one of the stylistic devices, motivated by such social factors as formality, setting, participants and interpersonal relationships. Keywords Nigerian Pidgin – Nigerian English – code-switching – style-shifting – implicational scaling – network analysis – cluster analysis © Ogechi Agbo and Ingo Plag, 2020 | doi:10.1163/19552629-bja10023 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the prevailing cc-by-nc License at the time of Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 10:21:27AM publication. -
Eurolanguages-2019: Innovations and Development
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF UKRAINE DNIPRO UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE OF POWER ENGINEERING TRANSLATION DEPARTMENT EUROLANGUAGES-2019: INNOVATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT 17th INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS’ CONFERENCE, DEVOTED TO THE EUROPEAN DAY OF LANGUAGES Collection of students’ scientific abstracts Digital Edition Dnipro 2019 МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ УКРАЇНИ НТУ «ДНІПРОВСЬКА ПОЛІТЕХНІКА» ІНСТИТУТ ЕЛЕКТРОЕНЕРГЕТИКИ КАФЕДРА ПЕРЕКЛАДУ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКІ МОВИ-2019: ІННОВАЦІЇ ТА РОЗВИТОК 17-a МІЖНАРОДНА СТУДЕНТСЬКА КОНФЕРЕНЦІЯ, ПРИСВЯЧЕНА ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОМУ ДНЮ МОВ Збірник студентських наукових робіт Електронне видання Дніпро 2019 УДК 811.11 (043.2) ББК 81я43 Є22 Європейські мови – 2019: інновації та розвиток: за матеріалами 17-ї міжнародної студентської конференції. //Збірник наук.студ. робіт. – Електронне видання. – Дніпро, НТУ "Дніпровська політехніка", 2019. – 178 с. Збірник наукових студентських робіт призначено для широкого кола читачів, які цікавляться проблемами вивчення іноземних мов та перекладу в Україні та за кордоном. The collection of students’ abstracts is designed for a large circle of readers who are interested in the state of learning foreign languages and translation both in Ukraine and abroad. Редакційна колегія: Відповідальний редактор: канд. філол. наук, проф. Т.Ю. Введенська, Україна Члени редколегії: докт. філол. наук, проф. А.Я. Алєксєєв, Україна канд. філол. наук, доц. Л.В. Бердник, Україна магістр, ст. викладач О.В. Щуров, Україна Відповідальна за випуск: канд. філол. наук, проф. Т.Ю. Введенська, Україна УДК 811.11 (043.2) ©Державний вищий навчальний заклад ББК 81я43 «Національний гірничий університет»®, 2019 4 ЗМІСТ СЕКЦІЯ ПЕРША ФІЛОЛОГІЧНІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ Ndiae Ibrahima. SENEGAL: CULTURAL AND GEOGRAPHIC PECULIARITIES…………………………………………………………………..10 Дрок Ю. ЛІНГВОСТИЛІСТИЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПОЕЗІЇ ЕДРІЕНН РІЧ “POWERS OF RECUPERATION”………………………………………………11 Кіяшко Д. ДЕЯКІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПЕЙЗАЖНОГО ОПИСУ В РОМАНІ С. -
Anala Lb. Straine 2016 Nr.1
ANALELE UNIVERSITĂŢII BUCUREŞTI LIMBI ŞI LITERATURI STRĂINE 2016 – Nr. 1 SUMAR • SOMMAIRE • CONTENTS LINGVISTIC Ă / LINGUISTIQUE / LINGUISTICS ELENA L ĂCĂTU Ş, Romanian Aspectual Verbs: Control and Restructuring ............... 3 COSTIN-VALENTIN OANCEA, The Category of Number in Present-Day English(es): Variation and Context ............................................................................................ 25 LEAH NACHMANI, EFL Teachers’ Perspectives on Reading Acquisition within a Multi-Cultural Learning Environment .................................................................. 41 ANDREI A. AVRAM, Diagnostic Features of English Pidgins/Creoles: New Evidence from West African Pidgin English and Krio ........................................................ 55 MIHAI CRUDU, Zum Lexem Herr und zu dessen Auftauchen in Wortbildungen und Phrasemen ............................................................................................................... 79 CAMELIA M ĂDĂLINA ŞTEFAN, On Latin-Old Swedish Language Contact through Loanwords ............................................................................................................... 89 * Recenzii • Comptes rendus • Reviews .................................................................................. 105 Contributors ........................................................................................................................ 111 ROMANIAN ASPECTUAL VERBS: CONTROL AND RESTRUCTURING ELENA L ĂCĂTU Ş* Abstract The aim of the present paper is to investigate -
Impact of Pidgin English on the Effective Learning of English Language Among Junior Secondary School Students in Port Harcourt
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 9 • No. 6 • June 2019 doi:10.30845/ijhss.v9n6p10 Impact of Pidgin English on the Effective Learning of English Language among Junior Secondary School Students in Port Harcourt Obisike Iheanyi Osondu Ph.D. School Of Foundation Studies Rivers State College of Health Science & Technology Port Harcourt, Nigeria Nwala Michael Alozie Ph.D Department Of English Studies University of Port Harcourt Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria Mbong Joy Etaruwak Faculty of Education National Open University of Nigeria Abuja, Nigeria Abstract This study investigated mother tongue interference among junior secondary school students in Port Harcourt Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria where Pidgin English is mostly used in communication and serves as the L1. It focused on “transfer of rules” errors. The study adopted a quantitative research design with a sample size of 120 students randomly selected from four schools in the study area. The questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. Frequencies, percentages and mean scores were used to analyse the data. Any item that scores above 50% was considered valid. The major findings show that the students had “Transfer of Rules” Error on Phonology; they had 54.4% incorrect responses on the realization of /θ/ and /z/. The respondents also had difficulty in the correct usage of the morpheme “er” in generating words; they had an overall mean score of 60.4% under incorrect responses. The study therefore recommended adequate and constant practice so as to overcome negative mother tongue transfer. Keywords: Pidgin English, mother tongue, target language, interference, language, communication, interaction; deviation 1. -
Creole and Pidgin Languages
Author's personal copy Provided for non-commercial research and educational use only. Not for reproduction, distribution or commercial use. This article was originally published in the International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2nd edition, published by Elsevier, and the attached copy is provided by Elsevier for the author’s benefit and for the benefit of the author’s institution, for non-commercial research and educational use including without limitation use in instruction at your institution, sending it to specific colleagues who you know, and providing a copy to your institution’s administrator. All other uses, reproduction and distribution, including without limitation commercial reprints, selling or licensing copies or access, or posting on open internet sites, your personal or institution’s website or repository, are prohibited. For exceptions, permission may be sought for such use through Elsevier’s permissions site at: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/permissionusematerial From Mufwene, S.S., 2015. Pidgin and Creole Languages. In: James D. Wright (editor-in-chief), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2nd edition, Vol 18. Oxford: Elsevier. pp. 133–145. ISBN: 9780080970868 Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. unless otherwise stated. All rights reserved. Elsevier Author's personal copy Pidgin and Creole Languages Salikoko S Mufwene, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Ó 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Abstract The study of creoles and pidgins has been marked by controversy about how they emerged, whether they can be identified by their structural features, and how they stand genetically in relation to their lexifiers. There have also been disagreements about what contact-induced varieties count as creoles, whether expanded pidgins should be lumped together with them, otherwise what distinguishes both kinds of vernaculars from each other, and how other contact-induced language varieties can be distinguished from all the above. -
Espanglish Y Cambio De Código En El Valle De San Joaquín, California
Symposium Proceedings Espanglish y cambio de código en el Valle de San Joaquín, California Teresa Fernández-Ulloa, California State University. [email protected] Abstract En esta comunicación presentamos un análisis de estos dos fenómenos lingüísticos, muy extendidos en ciertas zonas de Estados Unidos, debido a las raíces hispanas de muchas de las personas que en él habitan. Como profesores, los hemos observado en el ambiente escolar, es especial en si- tuaciones poco formales, y presentamos aquí los resultados de un estudio sociolingüístico de un corpus de grabaciones realizadas escuelas del conda- do de Kern, al sur del Valle de San Joaquín, en California (USA). En esta comunidad se da bilingüismo social e individual (sólo por parte de la pobla- ción "chicana"), ambos de carácter diglósico: nos encontramos con dos lenguas (inglés y castellano), una de las cuales, está relegada a situaciones informales, mientras que el inglés es la lengua de enseñanza, negocios, etc. La alternancia de códigos (code-switching) es uno de los fenómenos más frecuentes en las comunidades bilingües: no es otra cosa que el uso alterno de dos lenguas en el mismo discurso. Este fenómeno ha sido objeto de estudio de varios investigadores como Poplack y Sakoff (1983). Estos inves- tigadores encontraron que lejos de las creencias superficiales de profanos (y no tan profanos), que ven el fenómeno como una clara manifestación de corrupción y deterioro lingüísticos, de conducta verbal indeterminada, el cambio de código resulta gobernado por requisitos funcionales y pragmáti- cos. En cuanto al espanglish o spanglish, los primeros indicios de este dia- lecto (también se la considera una lengua criolloide), se remontan a fines del siglo XIX, inmediatamente después del Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo.