Area % of Area % of Explanation for the maps of the Toolik Lake Physiognomy Plant Communities (GIS codes) Typical Microsites Physiognomy Plant Communities (GIS codes) Typical Microsites F: Toolik Lake Area Vegetation (ha) Map (ha) Map Area and the Toolik Lake Grid Barren Prostrate-shrub tundra   %DUUHQ 8QYHJHWDWHG   8QYHJHWDWHGQDWXUDODQGDQWKURSRJHQLFEDUUHQV    3URVWUDWHGZDUI 'U\DFLGLFWXQGUDFRPSOH[HV'RPLQDQWSODQWFRPPXQLWLHVLQFOXGH ;HULFWR[HURPHVLFDFLGLFVKDOORZVQRZ([SRVHG   VKUXEIUXWLFRVH Dryas octopetala-Selaginella sibirica  Arctous alpina-Hierochloë VLWHVRQJODFLDOWLOORXWZDVKULGJHWRSVH[SRVHG  /LFKHQVRQURFNV /LFKHQFRPPXQLWLHVRQURFNVLQFOXGLQJCetraria nigricans- ;HULFEORFNILHOGVJODFLDOHUUDWLFV   392,000 393,000 394,000 395,000 Rhizocarpon geographicum   OLFKHQWXQGUD alpinaW\SLFDOVXEW\SH  Salix phlebophyllaVXEW\SH QRFRGH RU VORSHVGU\ULYHUWHUUDFHV 700 Vaccinium vitis-idaeaVXEW\SH  

750 675  3DUWLDOO\YHJHWDWHG 5HYHJHWDWHGJUDYHOSDGV HJFestuca rubraRUSalix alaxensis  3DUWLDOO\YHJHWDWHGGLVWXUEHGEDUUHQVRQJUDYHOSDGV   725  3URVWUDWHGZDUI 'U\QRQDFLGLFWXQGUDFRPSOH[HV'RPLQDQWSODQWFRPPXQLWLHVLQFOXGH ;HURPHVLFWRPHVLFQRQDFLGLFZLWKVKDOORZVQRZ   EDUUHQVDQG DEDQGRQHGURDGVEXOOGR]HGDUHDV UHYHJHWDWHG VKUXEVHGJHIRUE Dryas integrifolia-Oxytropis nigrescens  Dryas integrifolia-O. FRYHU([SRVHGVLWHVRQGU\ULYHUWHUUDFHVUHFHQW

725 7,618,000 GLVWXUEHGDUHDV IUXWLFRVHOLFKHQ maydelliana QRFRGH Dryas integrifolia-Astragalus umbellatus   DOOXYLXP  GU\PLFURVLWHVLQQRQVRUWHGVWULSH

700 WXQGUD QRQDFLGLF  Dryas integrifolia-Dicranum elongatum  DQGXQGLIIHUHQWLDWHG FRPSOH[HV  'RPLQDWHGE\Dryas integrifolia Moist graminoid tundra DryasFRPPXQLWLHV    7XVVRFNVHGJH 0RLVWDFLGLFWXVVRFNWXQGUDFRPSOH[HVGRPLQDWHGE\JUDPLQRLGV 0HVLFWRVXEK\JULFDFLGLFVKDOORZWRPRGHUDWH    +HPLSURVWUDWH 6QRZEHGFRPPXQLWLHVGRPLQDWHGE\HLWKHUCassiope tetragonaRU ,QFOXGHVDOOVQRZEHGW\SHV   GZDUIVKUXEPRVV 'RPLQDQWSODQWFRPPXQLWLHVLQFOXGHEriophorum vaginatum- VQRZ6WDEOHVORSHV6RPHDUHDVRQVWHHSHUVORSHV DQGSURVWUDWH Salix rotundifolia  7KHVHFRPPXQLWLHVDUHQRWGLIIHUHQWLDWHGDW WXQGUD Sphagnum  DQGCarex bigelowii-Sphagnum QRFRGH  ZLWKVROLIOXFWLRQDUHGRPLQDWHGE\%LJHORZVHGJH GZDUIVKUXEIRUE WKLVVFDOHEXWLQFOXGHCassiope tetragona-Carex microchaeta DFLGLF Carex bigelowii  QRFRGH  7,617,000 PRVVIUXWLFRVH VLWHV Cassiope tetragona-Dryas integrifolia QRQDFLGLFVLWHV Salix

750  1RQWXVVRFNVHGJH 0RLVWQRQDFLGLFWXQGUDFRPSOH[HV'RPLQDQWSODQWFRPPXQLWLHV 0HVLFWRVXEK\JULFFLUFXPQHXWUDOVKDOORZWR   OLFKHQWXQGUD rotundifolia-Sanionia uncinata GHHSVQRZEHGV  GZDUIVKUXEPRVV LQFOXGHCarex bigelowii-Dryas integrifolia  DQGRWKHUVXEW\SHVRI PRGHUDWHVQRZ6ROLIOXFWLRQDUHDVDQGVRPHZKDW  +HPLSURVWUDWH 'U\RUPRLVWVKUXEODQGVZLWKYHU\ORZJURZLQJRUFUHHSLQJGZDUI 6XE[HULFWRPHVLFDFLGLFZLWKVKDOORZVQRZ   WXQGUD WKLVXQLW HJSalix glauca  Equisetum arvenseDQGCassiope XQVWDEOHVORSHV  PDLQO\RQ,WNLOOLN,,JODFLDO GZDUIVKUXE VKUXEV'RPLQDQWSODQWFRPPXQLWLHVLQFOXGHBetula nana-Hierochloë 6KDOORZGHSUHVVLRQVRQGU\JODFLDOWLOORURXWZDVK tetragona QRFRGHV ,QFOXGHVVRPHPLVFHOODQHRXVJUDPLQRLG VXUIDFHV6RPHVRXWKIDFLQJVORSHVKDYHVFDWWHUHG IUXWLFRVHOLFKHQ alpina  Salix pulchra-Hierochloë alpina  DQGWKRVH 725 FRPPXQLWLHVPRVWO\RQGLVWXUEHGDUHDVVXFKDVDeschampsia JODXFRXVZLOORZ Salix glauca   $OVRLQFOXGHV

7,617,000 WXQGUD GRPLQDWHGE\Ledum palustreVVSdecumbensEmpetrum nigrumRU 725 caespitosa  Rumex arcticus-Carex saxatilis  Salix VRPHPLVFHOODQHRXVJUDPLQRLGGRPLQDWHGVLWHVGHHS Vaccinium uliginosum QRFRGHV  chamissonis-Carex aquatilis  Ranunculus pedatifidus-Poa VQRZVWUHDPPDUJLQV  ODQGVOLGHVVRPHURFN\ Erect-shrub tundra  750 glauca   GUDLQHGODNHEDVLQV  DQGDQLPDOGHQV    'ZDUIVKUXERU 0RLVWDFLGLFWXQGUDFRPSOH[HVGRPLQDWHGE\VKUXEVLQFOXGLQJ 0HVLFWRVXEK\JULFPRGHUDWHVQRZ/RZHUVORSHV   Wet graminoid tundra and water  725 ORZVKUXEVHGJH VKUXEE\WXVVRFNWXQGUD'RPLQDQWSODQWFRPPXQLWLHVLQFOXGHBetula DQGXSODQGZDWHUWUDFNPDUJLQV  RIWHQZLWK  6HGJHPRVV 1XWULHQWSRRUIHQZHWODQGFRPSOH[HV'RPLQDQWSODQWFRPPXQLWLHV 6XEK\GULFWRK\GULFDFLGLF S+  :HW   PRVVWXQGUD nana-Eriophorum vaginatum  DQGSalix pulchra-Carex bigelowii VROLIOXFWLRQ  2USDOVDVDQGKLJKFHQWHUHG 7,616,000 WXQGUD SRRUIHQV  LQFOXGH PHDGRZVSRRUIHQVLQFROOXYLDOEDVLQV±PDLQO\RQ Figure 1. Location of the Toolik Lake Area (large red  $OVRGZDUIVKUXEWXQGUDGRPLQDWHGE\GZDUIELUFKRUZLOORZV SRO\JRQV   rectangle) and Toolik Lake Grid (small red rectangle) within /RZHUPLFURVLWHVEriophorum scheuchzeri-Carex rotundata   ROGHU 'RPLQDQWSODQWFRPPXQLWLHVLQFOXGHBetula nana-Rubus 5DLVHGPLFURVLWHVSphagnum lenense-Salix fuscescens   ,WNLOOLN, JODFLDOVXUIDFHV chamaemorus  DQGSalix pulchra-Sphagnum   the upper Kuparuk River region. 750  6HGJHPRVV 1XWULHQWULFKIHQZHWODQGFRPSOH[HV'RPLQDQWSODQWFRPPXQLWLHV 6XEK\GULFWRK\GULFPLQHURWURSKLF S+!     /RZDQGWDOO $ZLGHYDULHW\RIORZWRWDOOVKUXEODQGV'RPLQDQWSODQWFRPPXQLWLHV /RZVKUXEVLQXSODQGZDWHUWUDFNV     Toolik Lake WXQGUD IHQV  LQFOXGH :DWHUWUDFNVVWUHDPPDUJLQVIHQVIODUNVRQ VKUXEODQGV LQFOXGHWKRVHJURZLQJLQXSODQGZDWHUWUDFNVVXFKDVSalix pulchra- VWUHDPVLGHV  DQGVRXWKIDFLQJVORSHV  7,616,000 /RZHUPLFURVLWHVCarex aquatilis-Carex chordorrhiza QRFRGH  VROLIOXFWLRQVORSHV±PDLQO\RQ\RXQJHU ,WNLOOLN,,  Eriophorum angustifolium  DQGEriophorum angustifolium-  PHVLFWRVXEK\GULFRIWHQZLWKGHHSVQRZ 729 Vegetation of the Toolik Lake Area 750 Eriophorum angustifolium-Carex aquatilis  Carex JODFLDOVXUIDFHV Sphagnum squarrosum  WKRVHJURZLQJDORQJVWUHDPVVXFKDV 0DS ) LV ORFDWHG QHDU WKH ZHVWHUQ ERXQGDU\ RI 0DS $ GLVSOD\HG RQ IURQW DQG HQFORVHV D NP 775 aquatilis-Scorpidium scorpioides   Salix pulchra-Dasiphora fruticosa  DQGRWKHUORZ  DQGWDOO 5DLVHGPLFURVLWHVTrichophorum caespitosum-Tomentypnum nitens DUHD VXUURXQGLQJ 7RROLN /DNH WKDW VWUHWFKHV IURP WKH 'DOWRQ +LJKZD\ RQ WKH HDVW WR -DGH 0RXQWDLQ 725 VKUXEODQGV  XSODQGVKUXEODQGVGRPLQDWHGE\Salix glauca   RQ WKH ZHVW ODUJH UHG UHFWDQJOH LQ )LJ   ,W LQFOXGHV WKH 7RROLN )LHOG 6WDWLRQ WKH ROG 7RROLN /DNH  DQGCarex bigelowii-Dryas integrifolia  ,QFOXGHVD DQGRUAlnus crispa  RUPopulus balsamifera  DQGVKUXEODQGV SLSHOLQH FRQVWUXFWLRQ FDPS JUDYHO SDG DQG DLUVWULS RQ WKH QRUWKHDVW VLGH RI WKH ODNH DQG WKH SULPDU\ IHZRWKHUPLVFHOODQHRXVZHWODQGW\SHV RQULYHUJUDYHOVGRPLQDWHGE\IHOWOHDIZLOORZ S. alaxensis   RU

WHUUHVWULDO UHVHDUFK DUHDV RQ WKH VRXWK ZHVW DQG HDVW VLGHV RI WKH ODNH DV ZHOO DV VHYHUDO VPDOOHU 7,615,000  :DWHUDQG 8QYHJHWDWHGZDWHU  JUDPLQRLGPDUVKArctophila fulva  DQG /DNHVSRQGVDQGVWUHDPVDTXDWLFYHJHWDWLRQLQVRPH   ODQDWHZLOORZ S. richardsonii    UHVHDUFK ODNHV LQ WKH LPPHGLDWH YLFLQLW\ RI 7RROLN /DNH 7KH DUHD FRQWDLQV VXUIDFHV ZLWK LUUHJXODU KHUEDFHRXVPDUVK Sparganium hyperboreus-Hippuris vulgaris   SURWHFWHGVLWHV  Total KD 

WRSRJUDSK\ WKDW ZHUH JODFLDWHG GXULQJ WKH /DWH 3OHLVWRFHQH )LJ  DQG   775   0DS ) SRUWUD\V WKH SK\VLRJQRP\ RI WKH GRPLQDQW SODQW FRPPXQLWLHV LQ HDFK PDSSHG SRO\JRQ )LIW\ 800 Typical landscapes in the Upper Kuparuk River region: 725 825 750 RQH ODQGFRYHU W\SHV *,6 FRGHV DUH LQ SDUHQWKHVHV LQ WKH VHFRQG FROXPQ RI WKH OHJHQG ZHUH 775 UHFRJQL]HG LQ WKH ILHOG PLQLPXP PDSSLQJ XQLW DSSUR[LPDWHO\  P  7KHVH ZHUH ODWHU JURXSHG 7,615,000 LQWR WKH  SK\VLRJQRPLF YHJHWDWLRQ XQLWV RQ WKH PDS ZKLFK FRUUHVSRQG WR WKH VDPH XQLWV RQ WKH VFDOH PDS RI WKH XSSHU .XSDUXN 5LYHU UHJLRQ 0DS $ 

725

Vegetation of the Toolik Lake Grid 775  750 0DS * IRFXVHV RQ WKH NP UHVHDUFK JULG RQ WKH VRXWK VLGH RI 7RROLN /DNH UHG UHFWDQJOH RQ 0DS 775 Ì

) DQG VPDOO UHG UHFWDQJOH LQ )LJ   7KLV DUHD LV RQH RI WKH SULQFLSDO LQWHQVLYH UHVHDUFK DUHDV DW WKH 7,614,000

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Ì DSSHDULQJ RQ WKH PDS 7KH YHJHWDWLRQ XQLWV DUH SULPDULO\ DW WKH SODQWFRPPXQLW\ OHYHO FRPSDUHG WR 393,000 394,000 395,000 396,000 WKH SK\VLRJQRPLF OHYHO IRU WKH PDSV RI WKH 8SSHU .XSDUXN 5LYHU 5HJLRQ DQG WKH 7RROLN /DNH $UHD  Figure 2. View looking northeast from Jade Mountain across an Figure 3. View looking southeast across the headwaters of Figure 4. Alpine area on limestone on Peak 1376 in the southeast Figure 5. Streamside vegetation along the inlet stream to Toolik 6HYHUDO RI WKH GRPLQDQW SODQW FRPPXQLWLHV LQ WKH 7RROLN /DNH DUHD DUH VKRZQ LQ WKH SKRWRV )LJ  0 500 1,000 1,500 Ì *UDYHO0LQHV Vegetation mapping was performed in 1991 Itkillik II glacial landscape with numerous glacial lakes, kames and Imnavait Creek into the Philip Smith Mountains of the Brooks corner of Map A, looking south into the valley of the Sagavanirktok Lake. The tallest shrubs are Salix alaxensis. Low shrubs along the   'HWDLOV RI WKH PHWKRGV IRU ERWK PDSV VRXUFHV IRU DHULDO SKRWRV RUWKRSKRWR WRSRJUDSKLF PDS at 1:5,000 scale from 1:5,000 scale base kettles.This landscape is much more vegetatively complex than the Range. Vegetation is typical of the Sagavanirktok-age glacial River. The dominant vegetation is Dryas integrifolia-Oxytropis far bank are a mix of Betula nana and Salix pulchra. The dominant FURVVUHIHUHQFH WR WKH %UDXQ%ODQTXHW V\QWD[RQRPLF SODQW FRPPXQLW\ QDPHV :DONHU HW DO  P&RQWRXUV photography acquired in 1990. The map is Sagavanirktok-age glacial surfaces (Fig. 3). surfaces, which cover large portions of Map A but do not occur on nigrescens (unit 10 on Map A). vegetation unit along the stream is low to tall shrublands, unit 14 DQG RWKHU LQIRUPDWLRQ DUH RQ WKH $UFWLF *HRERWDQLFDO $WODV ZHEVLWH KWWSZZZDUFWLFDWODVRUJ P&RQWRXUV Meters displayed at 1:20,000 scale. the terrain shown in Maps F and G. on Maps A and F, and unit 24 on Map G. UTM Zone 6, NAD 1983 ³ Typical Plant Communities

Area % of Area % of Plant Communities (GIS codes) Description (physiognomy and typical microsite) Plant Communities (GIS codes) Description (physiognomy and typical microsite) G: Toolik Lake Grid Vegetation (ha) Map (ha) Map Barren  Prostrate- and hemi-prostrate dwarf-shrub tundra  %DUUHQ   8QYHJHWDWHGQDWXUDODQGDQWKURSRJHQLFEDUUHQV    Arctous alpina-Hierochloë alpina, W\SLFDO VXEW\SH   3URVWUDWH GZDUIVKUXE IUXWLFRVHOLFKHQ WXQGUD ;HULF DFLGLF VKDOORZ VQRZ 'U\   Salix phlebophylla VXEW\SH RU DFLGLF WXQGUD RQ ZHOOGUDLQHG JODFLDO WLOO RXWZDVK DQG H[SRVHG VLWHV 393,600 393,800 394,000 394,200 394,400 394,600  Cetraria nigricans-Rhizocarpon geographicum   /LFKHQFRPPXQLWLHVRQURFNV;HULFEORFNILHOGVJODFLDOHUUDWLFV   Vaccinium vitis-idaea VXEW\SH  715 ! ! ! !!!! ! !!!!  Festuca rubra  Salix alaxensis  Epilobium 3DUWLDOO\ UHYHJHWDWHG DUHDV *UDYHO SDGV   ULYHU JUDYHOV   DQG    Dryas octopetala-Selaginella sibirica   Dryas 3URVWUDWH GZDUIVKUXE IRUE IUXWLFRVHOLFKHQ WXQGUD ;HULF DFLGLF ZLQG EORZQ RU   715 Toolik Lake 715 latifolium  Juncus biglumis-Luzula arctica QRFRGH QRQVRUWHG FLUFOHV QR FRGH  octopetala-Salix glauca  VKDOORZ ZLQWHU VQRZ FRYHU VWRQ\ RU ZLWK FRQVLGHUDEOH EDUH VRLO 5LGJH FUHVWV GU\ 7,614,800 7,614,800 ULYHU WHUUDFHV 'RPLQDWHG E\ Dryas octopetala   RFFDVLRQDOO\ ZLWK Salix Moist graminoid tundra 735 glauca    Eriophorum vaginatum-Sphagnum   Carex 7XVVRFN VHGJH GZDUIVKUXE PRVV WXQGUD WXVVRFN WXQGUD PRLVW DFLGLF WXQGUD    ! ! !  Dryas integrifolia-Oxytropis maydelliana  3URVWUDWH GZDUIVKUXE IRUE IUXWLFRVHOLFKHQ WXQGUD ;HURPHVLF WR PHVLF QRQDFLGLF   ! !!!!!!! ! bigelowii-Sphagnum   0HVLF WR VXEK\JULF DFLGLF VKDOORZ WR PRGHUDWH VQRZ VWDEOH 7KLV XQLW LV WKH ]RQDO ZLQGEORZQ WR VKDOORZ ZLQWHU VQRZ FRYHU 'U\ VORSHV ULYHU WHUUDFHV GULHU 725 YHJHWDWLRQ RQ ILQHJUDLQHG VXEVWUDWHV ZLWK LFHULFK SHUPDIURVW    6RPH PLFURVLWHV LQ QRQVRUWHG VWULSH FRPSOH[HV GRPLQDWHG E\ Dryas integrifolia DUHDV RQ VWHHSHU VORSHV ZLWK VROLIOXFWLRQ DUH GRPLQDWHG E\ %LJHORZ VHGJH 715 Carex bigelowii     Cassiope tetragona-Carex microchaeta W\SLFDO VXEW\SH +HPLSURVWUDWH GZDUIVKUXE IUXWLFRVHOLFKHQ WXQGUD 6XE[HULF WR PHVLF DFLGLF     Salix glauca VXEW\SH ) PRGHUDWHO\ GHHS VQRZ $FLGLF VQRZEHGV  FP VQRZ  ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !  Carex bigelowii-Dryas integrifolia, W\SLFDO VXEW\SH  1RQWXVVRFN VHGJH GZDUIVKUXE PRVV WXQGUD PRLVW QRQDFLGLF WXQGUD  0HVLF WR   715  Cassiope tetragona-Calamagrostis inexpansa, W\SLFDO +HPLSURVWUDWH DQG SURVWUDWH GZDUIVKUXE IRUE PRVV IUXWLFRVHOLFKHQ WXQGUD   745   Tomentypnum nitens-Carex bigelowii, VXEK\JULF QRQDFLGLF S+ !   VKDOORZ WR PRGHUDWH VQRZ 6ROLIOXFWLRQ DUHDV DQG

7,614,600 7,614,600 Salix glauca VXEW\SH  VRPHZKDW XQVWDEOH VORSHV   6RPH VRXWKIDFLQJ VORSHV KDYH VFDWWHUHG VXEW\SH  RU Vaccinium vitis-idaea VXEW\SH   6XE[HULF WR PHVLF DFLGLF VKDOORZ WR PRGHUDWHO\ GHHS VQRZ  P GHHS  725 JODXFRXV ZLOORZ Salix glauca   Cassiope tetragona-Racomitrium lanuginosum  1RQVRUWHG VWULSH FRPSOH[HV ZLWK VKDOORZ WR PRGHUDWHO\ GHHS VQRZ     Carex bigelowii-Dryas integrifolia, Equisetum arvense 1RQWXVVRFN VHGJH SURVWUDWH GZDUIVKUXE KRUVHWDLO PRVV WXQGUD ZHWWHU VXEW\SHV    Cassiope tetragona-Dryas integrifolia W\SLFDO VXEW\SH  +HPLSURVWUDWH GZDUIVKUXE IUXWLFRVHOLFKHQ WXQGUD 6XE[HULF WR PHVLF QRQDFLGLF   Figure 10. Sagavanirktok-age glacial surface near Imnavait Creek. The vegetation is tussock ! !!!! !!! 725 ! !!! VXEW\SH   Tomentypnum nitens-Carex bigelowii RI PRLVW QRQDFLGLF WXQGUD RIWHQ ZLWK DEXQGDQW KRUVHWDLOV  0HVLF WR VXEK\JULF   RU Boykinia richardsonii VXEW\SH   ,QFOXGHV PRGHUDWHO\ GHHS VQRZ 1RQDFLGLF VQRZEHGV  FP VQRZ     tundra (Eriophorum vaginatum-Sphagnum spp.), the most common plant community on old, Carex aquatilis VXEW\SH  QRQDFLGLF PRGHUDWH VQRZ 6HHSDJH DUHDV EHORZ VQRZEHGV ZLWK DEXQGDQW KRUVHWDLOV Salix rotundifolia-Sanionia uncinata  $OVR LQFOXGHV GHHS ! P VQRZ ZHOOGUDLQHG VQRZEHGV ZLWK Salix rotundifolia stable, acidic landscapes in the region. This is the dominant plant community in unit four on 735 Equisetum arvense  RU DTXDWLF VHGJH C. aquatilis LQ ZHWWHU DUHDV     Maps A, F and G. 755  Carex bigelowii-Dryas integrifolia, Cassiope tetragona 6HGJH KHPLSURVWUDWH GZDUI VKUXE PRVV WXQGUD PRLVW QRQDFLGLF WXQGUD LQ VQRZ    Betula nana-Hierochloë alpina    Vaccinium +HPLSURVWUDWH GZDUIVKUXE IUXWLFRVHOLFKHQ WXQGUD 6XE[HULF WR PHVLF DFLGLF   !!!! ! ! !!! ! ! ! subtype (208); RU RWKHU PLVFHOODQHRXV JUDPLQRLG SODQW DFFXPXODWLRQ DUHDV  0HVLF WR VXEK\JULF PRVWO\ QRQDFLGLF PRGHUDWH WR GHHS VQRZ uliginosum-Arctous alpina   RU Ledum palustre VVS PRGHUDWHO\ GHHS VQRZ 'HSUHVVLRQV RQ JODFLDO WLOO RU RXWZDVK    ZDUP FRPPXQLWLHV LQFOXGLQJ Ranunculus pedatifidus-Poa glauca ,QWHUVWULSH DUHDV LQ QRQVRUWHG VWULSH FRPSOH[HV RQ XSSHU KLOOVORSHV ZLWK PRGHUDWH decumbens-Empetrum nigrum  VQRZEHGV   9HU\ ORZJURZLQJ KHPLSURVWUDWH GZDUIELUFK Betula nana  7,614,400 7,614,400   Salix chamissonis-Carex podocarpa   Festuca WR GHHS VQRZ DQG DEXQGDQW /DSODQG KHDWKHU Cassiope tetragona  7KLV XQLW DOVR  RU HUHFW GZDUI EOXHEHUU\ Vaccinium uliginosum VVS. microphyllum  RU 725 altaica-Artemisia arctica   LQFOXGHV VHYHUDO PLVFHOODQHRXV JUDPLQRLG GZDUIVKUXE IRUE FRPPXQLWLHV WKDW /DEUDGRU WHD Ledum palustre VVS decumbens   Poa glauca-Epilobium latifolium  FRYHU VPDOO DUHDV LQFOXGLQJ DQLPDO GHQV   GHHSVQRZ VWUHDP DQG ODNH PDUJLQV Erect-shrub tundra ! !!!!!! ! ! ! ! !   GU\ VQRZ DFFXPXODWLRQ DUHDV  DQG VWUHDP EDQNV    Betula nana-Eriophorum vaginatum  'ZDUIVKUXE VHGJH PRVV WXQGUD VKUXEE\ WXVVRFN WXQGUD GRPLQDWHG E\ GZDUI   Wet graminoid tundra and water ELUFK Betula nana  0HVLF WR VXEK\JULF DFLGLF PRGHUDWH VQRZ /RZHU VORSHV DQG 765  Tricophorum caespitosum-Tomentypnum nitens   Salix 6HGJH SURVWUDWH GZDUIVKUXE PRVV WXQGUD +\JULF WR VXEK\GULF +XPPRFNV   ZDWHUWUDFN PDUJLQV 0RVWO\ RQ ,WNLOOLN , VXUIDFHV 755 fuscescensSphagnum lenense   VWUDQJV DQG UDLVHG PLFURVLWHV LQ IHQV  DQG SRRU IHQV LQ ZHW PHDGRZV DQG  Salix pulchra-Carex bigelowii   'ZDUIVKUXE VHGJH PRVV WXQGUD VKUXEE\ WXVVRFN WXQGUD GRPLQDWHG E\   ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!! ! Carex aquatilis-Sphagnum warnstorfii  FROOXYLDOEDVLQV   DQG PRVV\ FROOXYLDO EDVLQ PDUJLQV   GLDPRQGOHDI ZLOORZ Salix pulchra  6XEK\JULF PRGHUDWH VQRZ 725 Figure 11. Blockfield with Cetraria nigricans- Figure 12. Close-up of Carex bigelowii- ORZHU VORSHV ZLWK VROLIOXFWLRQ 7,614,200 7,614,200  Eriophorum angustifolium-Carex aquatilis, W\SLFDO VXEW\SH 6HGJH PRVV WXQGUD LQ IHQV ZLWK IORZLQJ ZDWHU 6XEK\GULF WR K\GULF /RZHU   Rhizocarpon geographicum, unit two on Dryas integrifolia, the dominant vegetation 745   Carex chodorrhiza VXEW\SH    PLFURVLWHV LQ FROOXYLDO EDVLQV ZDWHU WUDFNV DQG VWUHDP PDUJLQV     Betula nana-Rubus chamaemorus, GZDUIVKUXE YDULDQW  'ZDUIVKUXE PRVV WXQGUD GRPLQDWHG E\ GZDUI ELUFK Betula nana  6XEK\JULF WR   Map A, F and G. on mesic non-acidic tundra sites on Itkillik- Drepanocladus revolvens VXEW\SH   Carex saxatilis   ZHW SRROV RQ VROLIOXFWLRQ VORSHV    DQG Cladonia arbuscula YDULDQW ) K\JULF DFLGLF PRGHUDWH WR PRGHUDWHO\ GHHS VQRZ 8SODQG ZDWHU WUDFNV PDUJLQV RI

age glacial surfaces, unit five on maps A, F 735 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Carex aquatilis  DQG Calliergon giganteum- ZDWHU WUDFNV DQG ORZHU VORSH DUHDV    6RPHZKDW GULHU DUHDV KDYH DEXQGDQW and G. Drepanocladus revolvens  OLFKHQV    8QYHJHWDWHG ZDWHU  +\GULF 6WUHDPV ODNHV SRQGV    Salix pulchra-Sphagnum warnstorfii   'ZDUIVKUXE RU ORZVKUXE WXQGUD GRPLQDWHG E\ ZLOORZV Salix pulchra    6XEK\JULF DFLGLF PRGHUDWH WR PRGHUDWHO\ GHHS VQRZ 0DUJLQV RI XSODQG ZDWHU  Sparganium hyperboreum-Hippuris vulgaris    +HUEDFHRXV PDUVK +\GULF :DWHU WR P GHHS LQ ODNHV DQG SRQGV   WUDFNV SDOVDV DQG KLJKFHQWHUHG SRO\JRQV ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Arctophila fulva   Salix pulchra-Eriophorum angustifolium     RU /RZ VKUXEODQGV JHQHUDOO\  FP WDOO  6XEK\GULF WR PHVLF PRGHUDWH WR GHHS   725 7,614,000 7,614,000 Salix pulchra-Calamagrostis canadensis  VQRZ 'HHSHU XSODQG ZDWHU WUDFNV ZLWK IORZLQJ ZDWHU   RU ULSDULDQ DUHDV 765 DORQJ PDMRU VWUHDPV    Salix alaxensis   RU S. richardsonii  7DOO VKUXEODQGV !  P WDOO  6XEK\GULF WR PHVLF QRQDFLGLF PRGHUDWH WR GHHS   ! !!!!! !!!!! ! 725 WDOO VKUXEV VQRZ 6WUHDP PDUJLQV GRPLQDWHG E\ WDOO ZLOORZV Salix alaxensis  

DQGRU S. richardsonii   745 Total  KD  Figure 13. Fen with Carex aquatilis-C. Figure 14. Dry south-facing slope on kame 755 chordorrhiza, a major component of unit with Dryas octopetala-Selaginella sibirica, !!! ! ! ! ! !!!!! Research within the Toolik Lake Grid:

725

seven on Map A and F, and unit nine on unit nine on Map A, F, and unit 13 on Map G. 755

Map G. 7,613,800 393,600 393,800 394,000 394,200 394,400 394,600 7,613,800

0 100 200 300 Vegetation mapping was performed in 1991 at 1:500 scale from ! *ULGSRLQWV 1:1,000 scale base photography acquired in 1990. The map is P&RQWRXUV displayed at 1:5,000 scale. The map is presented in the NAD 1927 P&RQWRXUV Meters datum so that the map coordinates will match the labels on the original UTM Zone 6, NAD 1927 ³ Acknowledgements 1XPHURXV SHRSOH KDYH FRQWULEXWHG LQ PDMRU ZD\V WR WKH ILHOG ZRUN PDS SURGXFWLRQ DQG DQDO\VLV RI WKHVH PDSV LQFOXGLQJ 1DQF\ $XHUEDFK$QGUHZ%DOVHU(GLH%DUERXU7RP+DPLOWRQ-XOLH.QXGVHQ1DQ/HGHUHU/HDQQH/HVWDN0DUWKD5D\QROGVDQG0DULO\Q Figure 15. Deep, late-melting snowbed with Figure 16. Well-developed water track with :DONHU)XQGLQJIRUWKHPDSSLQJFDPHIURPWKH$UFWLF/7(5SURMHFWWKH'2(5'SURJUDPDQG16)JUDQWV$5&$5& Salix rotundifolia (at stake). Dark-colored Salix pulchra-Eriophorum angustifolium, a $5&DQG$5& vegetation above the stake is Cassiope common component of map unit 14 on Map tetragona-Dryas integrifolia, a common A and Map F and unit 23 on map G. component of unit 11 on Map A and F and unit 17 on Map G. Figure 6. Long-term experiments within the Toolik Lake grid, aerial view Figure 7. Experimental greenhouse with the side and top opened to Figure 8. Snowfence experiment within the Toolik Lake Grid, summer Figure 9. Winter view of snowfence experimental area showing the drift $OOSKRWRVDUHE\'$:DONHUH[FHSWILJXUHVDQGZKLFKDUHFRXUWHV\RIWKH$UFWLF/7(5ZHEVLWH showing boardwalks, greenhouses (white structures) and shadehouses show enhanced growth due to added warmth. Pre-treatment shrubs view showing fence, snow-depth monitoring stakes, and small open-top that forms behind the fence. Tall stakes are the same as striped stakes in KWWSHFRV\VWHPVPEOHGX$5&WHUUHVWPDSVBSKRWRVLQGH[KWPO  (black structures). were same height as vegetation in the foreground. greenhouses. Figure 8.

File:/geodata/raster/ArcticAtlas/ToolikMap/uk25k_Region27x40p2.mxd 28"x40" sheet trimmed to 27"x40" (1/2 inch white margin) DRAFT: Side 2 (rear), 2008-12-08