Turkey Fmd Disease Situation & National Rbsp

TURKEY FMD DISEASE SITUATION & NATIONAL RBSP

A.Naci Bulut Leader of WELNET FMD Şap Institute, Ankara,Turkey

On behalf of Dr.Nihat Pakdil CVO, Deputy Secretary of the Ministry 7thTurkish West Eurasia Ministry FMD Roadmap of the Meeting Food, • Agriculture Kyrgyzstan • April and 2016 Livestock (MoFAL)

CIRCULATING STRAINS

• FMD is endemic in Anatolia region in Turkey • Current Circulating virus strains: – Serotype O (O PanAsiaII), – A (Asia/GVII)* and – (Asia1 has been not recorded since July 2015) • Latest sirculated one was Asia-1(Asia1/SINDH08)

• Thrace region has been free of FMD with vaccination since May 2010.

7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 Number of FMD outbreaks occurred by years (2017 –till September)

3 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 Map distribution for outbreaks in 2017

4 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 Map distribution of outbreaks in 2016

Serotype O Outbreaks in 2016 Serotype A Outbreaks in 2016

n:260 n:380

7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 phylogenetic trees for O 2016-2017 outbreaks 68 O/Agri/244/2017.385 59 O/Balikesir/250/2017.442 57 O/Agri/172/2017.192 O/Agri/173/2017.192 57 O/Ankara/183/2017.212 83 O/Kirikkale/1347/2016.923 O/Izmir/273/2017.500 O/Diyarbakir/8/2017.019 O/Kirikkale/6/2017.019 O/Diyarbakir/1382/2016.981 3784 O/Kirikkale/12/2017.019 62 O/Erzurum/234/2017.327 O/Ankara/185/2017.212 67 O/Erzurum/218/2017.250 O/Ardahan/153/2017.173 5447 O/Hatay/9/2017/2016.999 94 O/Bingol/144/2017.154 55 O/Sanliurfa/159/2017.173 26 O/Sanliurfa/174/2017.173 ISP-16 71 50 O/Karaman/242/2017.385 94 O/Karaman/237/2017.346 O/Agri/34/2017.058 O/Kastamonu/156/2017.173 79 O/Sanliurfa/1354/2016.942 O/Isparta/1301/2016.846 O/Adana/1393/2016.999 52 O/Elazig/19/2017.019 O/Bursa/39/2017.058 65 O/Cankiri/1325/2016.885 O/Aksaray/1336/2016.904 64 O/Ankara/1339/2016.904 80 O/Ankara/1340/2016.904 O/Elazig/176/2017.192 91 O/Hatay/1355/2016.962 O/Ankara/1385/2016.999 39 O/Balikesir/224/2017.288 O/Burdur/530/2016.346 10 O/Mus/178/2017.192 74 O/Agri/316/2016.269 O/Bitlis/919/2016.462 46 O/Agri/322/2016.269 O/Kastamonu/305/2016.269 91 O/Kayseri/1204/2016.750 8286 O/KMaras/235/2016.212 66 O/Ankara/181/2017.212 O/Kars/809/2016.423 68 O/Sirnak/308/2017.596 O/Ankara/1328/2016.904 56 18 O/Bolu/1316/2016.885 97 O/Ankara/1337/2016.904 O/Bolu/1314/2016.885 O/Bingol/811/2016.423 18 O/Malatya/517/2016.346 O/Eskisehir/296/2016.269 28 O/Samsun/241/2016.212 61 O/Malatya/528/2016.346 O/Van/521/2016.346 32 O/Diyarbakir/276/2016.250 O/Kayseri/271/2016.250 O/Igdir/1005/2016.500 81 O/Ankara/541/2016.346 O/Adiyaman/534/2016.346 68 O/Ardahan/313/2016.269 O/Malatya/513/2016.346 QOM-15 O/Adiyaman/720/2016.404 O/Kilis/302/2016.269 88 O/Mugla/1343/2016.923 56 O/Hakkari/989/2016.500 89 O/Diyarbakir/250/2016.231 69 O/Gaziantep/518/2016.346 O/Mus/522/2014346 O/Diyarbakir/279/2016.250 59 O/Ankara/1183/2016.731 O/Gaziantep/441/2016.327 68 O/Gaziantep/431/2016.327 41 O/Usak/1331/2016.904 51 O/Amasya/532/2016.346 71 O/Elazig/591/2016.365 78 O/Mardin/471/2016.327 O/Elazig/272/2016.231 O/Afyonkarahisar/170/2017.192 90 O/Izmir/930/2016.462 O/Balikesir/262/2016.250 9 O/Afyon/1175/2016.731 59 O/Konya/1196/2016.731 77 O/Ankara/327/2016.288 90 O/KMaras/1071/2016.538 86 O/Malatya/792/2016.423 63 O/Sivas/1214/2016.750 84 O/Ardahan/135/2017.135 80 O/Canakkale/72/2017.077 5328 O/Nigde/1148/2016.635 O/Canakkale/165/2017.173 90 O/Canakkale/42/2017.058 84 O/Kilis/406/2016.308 O/Yozgat/1114/2016.577 64 O/Igdir/1381/2016.981 99 O/Kars/29/2017.038 92 O/Kayseri/77/2017.096 59 93 O/Malatya/100/2017.096 64 O/Malatya/1348/2016.904 O/Denizli/660/2016.385 O/Agri/272/2017.500 98 O/Duzce/261/2017.481 99 O/Tokat/276/2017.519 O/Tokat/289/2017.519 23 O/Denizli/1232/2016.769 43 O/Van/410/2016.308 61 O/Kutahya/1149/2016.635 86 O/Kutahya/328/2016.288 40 O/Ankara/LALA/2016.327 43 O/Denizli/1300/2016.865 65 O/Balikesir/1373/2016.981 62 O/Manisa/1265/2016.808 96 95 O/Manisa/1185/2016.731 71 O/Manisa/1333/2016.885 O/Adiyaman/263/2016.250 50 O/Igdir/178/2016.135 92 O/Kars/96/2016.038 O/Bingol/889/2016.442 79 O/Sakarya/473/2016.327 91 34 O/Bingol/447/2016.327 93 O/Igdir/113/2016.058 99 O/Corum/304/2017.577 O/Samsun/69/2017.077 O/Zh/Sul2/2016 Pak/O/RYK-242/2012.500 99 O/Balikesir/772/2011.250 99 O/ISR/Snir/2011 O/Gaziantep/153/2010.212 O/IRN/7/2009 93 O/TNKr5707/2007 62 O/Kirklareli/387/2007.154 76 O/Sanliurfa/264/2009.904 87 OAPC13402/2002 O/Agri/71/2010.096 91 O/Ardahan/57/2015.231 95 O/BAR/2/97 O/SAU/3/2013.615 75 O/AFG/210/2004.096 99 O/PAK/3/2005.096 45 O/Bingol/332/2005.462 76 O/VIT/32/2011.327 0.01 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 A/Eskisehir/46/2017.058 62 A/Samsun/210/2017.250 phylogenetic trees outbreak A (ASIAGVII 13 A/Agri/158/2017.173 11 A/Bolu/252/2017.462 32 13 A/Kutahya/96/2017.096 A/Balikesir/148/2017.154 8 A/Balikesir/14/2017.019 A/Konya/169/2017.192 363 A/Bitlis/205/2017.827 27 A/Konya/207/2017.192 46 A/Kutahya/154/2017.173 A/Konya/73/2017.077 49 A/Kocaeli/166/2017.192 ADA-16 A/Bursa/37/2017.038 22 A/Afyonkarahisar/90/2017.096 A/Konya/180/2017.192 A/Afyonkarahisar/15/2017.019 25 A/Antalya/1392/2016.999 5020 A/Kirsehir/44/2017.038 2 A/Nigde/162/2017.173 5 A/Konya/86/2017.096 82 21 A/Elazg/16/2017.019 24 A/Malatya/1379/2016.999 A/Adana/1374/2016.981 14 A/Corum/236/2017.346 SAM-16 36 A/Balikesir/1222/2016.769 A/Tokat/1218/2016.769 17 A/Duzce/107/2017.115 5 32 A/Nigde/233/2017.308 87 A/Adana/117/2017.135 53 A/Balikesir/75/2017.096 8 A/Malatya/260/2017.462 A/Sinop/1256/2016.808 115 A/Kastamonu/1191/2016.731 52 A/Giresun/1254/2016.788 54 A/Gumushane/1225/2016.769 45 A/Rize/257/2017.462 A/Corum/1137/2016.615 47 A/Ankara/1223/2016.769 31 A/Kastamonu/1170/2016.692 12 73 A/Mersin/259/2017.462 A/Balikesir/231/2017.327 31 47 A/Balikesir/1370/2016.981 30 A/Tunceli/1346/2016.904 1 22 A/Kastamonu/1193/2016.731 28 A/Tokat/95/2017.096 29 0 A/Sivas/1221/2016.750 A/Bolu/1198/2016.731 A/Amasya/307/2015.923 0 A/Kirikkale/336/2015.923 A/Yozgat/304/2015.923 0 A/Karabuk/102/2017.115 2 A/Malatya/201/2017.231 19 A/Sivas/120/2017.135 0 A/Bursa/271/2015.923 54 A/Igdir/48/2016.019 A/Karabuk/323/2015.923 A/Cankiri/277/2015.923 20 A/Cankiri/312/2015.923 22 A/Kirsehir/310/2015.923 A/Izmir/214/2016.173 A/Yozgat/305/2015.923 54 A/Agri/252/2015.904 A/Usak/327/2015.923 A/Kars/226/2015.885 99 A/Aydin/245/2017.385 24 7 A/Yozgat/1293/2016.827 0 A/Mus/657/2015.981 0 A/Ardahan/43/2016.019 0 A/Corum/243/2015.904 A/Corum/292/2015.923 046 18 A/Ankara/300/2015.923 A/Eskisehir/276/2015.923 A/Kayseri/239/2016.192 BAN-12 36 A/Elazig/278/2017.519 95 A/Elazig/306/2017.577 A/Nigde/231/2015.904 A/Kars/229/2015.885 40 A/Ardahan/123/2016.058 40 A/Kayseri/274/2015.923 9 A/Van/203/2015.827 A/Aydin/1281/2016.827 43 A/Bitlis/205/2015.827 A/Van/175/2015.712 A/Kars/267/2015.904 87 A/Erzurum/223/2017.269 019 A/Erzurum/820/2016.423 1 A/Afyon/699/2015.981 A/Kilis/1168/2016.692 0 30 A/Konya/1182/2016.731 0 A/Konya/294/2015.923 0 29 A/Sivas/381/2016.308 0 A/Yalova/217/2015.865 A/Elazig/248/2015.904 52 A/Izmir/365/2016.288 A/Manisa/912/2016.462 A/Isparta/65/2016.038 34 A/Kars/139/2017.154 A/Malatya/347/2016.288 A/Van/198/2015.808 A/Kirsehir/279/2015.904 A/Bursa/214/2015.865 A/Agri/679/2015.981 0 A/Erzurum/1264/2016.808 A/Kocaeli/234/2016.192 A/Mus/719/2015.981 A/Balikesir/335/2015.923 A/Amasya/209/2015.865 A/Nigde/245/2015.904 A/Duzce/219/2015.865 62 A/Kutahya/331/2015.923 13 A/Erzurum/1267/2016.827 A/SAU/1/2015.692 0 1 A/Agri/704/2015.981 20 A/Antalya/242/2016.212 23 A/Bingol/13/2017.019 A/Eskisehir/333/2015.923 33 A/Isparta/246/2016.212 72 A/Afyonkarahisar/1261/2016.808 19 A/Kars/1230/2016.769 A/Konya/125/2017.154 99 A/Tokat/1224/2016.769 0 90 A/Kars/1210/2016.750 0 A/Usak/1302/2016.846 51 A/Balikesir/188/2017.212 0 A/Kutahya/1184/2016.731 65 A/Balikesir/271/2017.500 5 42 A/Balikesir/270/2017.500 A/Kars/265/2017.481 91 A/Corum/274/2017.519 0 85 A/Corum/275/2017.500 60 A/Corum/284/2017.519 22 A/Corum/281/2017.519 25 A/Tokat/297/2017.519 A/Ardahan/1227/2016.750 25 A/Mus/1008/2016.500 1 A/Isparta/164/2017.173 9 A/Erzurum/1231/2016.769 94 A/Erzincan/33/2017.038 66 A/Bayurt/1365/2016.962 88 A/Bitlis/1364/2016.962 17 A/Kars/1299/2016.846 A/Ankara/306/2016.269 42 A/Kutahya/317/2016.269 81 38 A/Erzurum/1298/2016.846 52 A/Izmir/177/2017.192 99 A/Kars/241/2017.365 45 A/SAU/19/2016 A/BAN GA Sa197 2013/2014.000 83 A/ALB/1/1996 84 A/IND/40/2000.000 A/NEP/21/84 A22/Mahmatli/1964.981 99 A/IRN/1/2005.269 A/Nevsehir/402/2006.173 100 A/Nigde/200/2015.827 57 A/Ankara/195/2015.827 53 A/Igdir/113/2014.154 46 A/Bursa/358/2011.077 60 A/Malatya/242/2015.904 0.02 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 Representative phylogenetic trees: A (ASIAGVII) Representative phylogenetic trees: A (A05 SIS-10)

99 IND2007-2009 99 45 96 A/BAN GA Sa-197 2013/2014 33 GVII A/BAN CH Ra14/2012 96 99 A/SAU/1/2015 A/IRN/1/1996 A/Van/203/2015 99 A22/Iraq/1964 A22 A/Bitlis/205/2015 99 72 86 A22/Mahmatli/1964 17 A/Van/175/2015 A15/Bangkok/TAI/1960 89 A/Van/198/2015 A12/UK/119/1932 95 A/IND1/2010 99 99 99 A/IND898/2009 A24/Cruzeiro/BRA/1955 A/PD135/2010 A11/GER/1929 85 A/IND249/2004 A/IRN/2/1987.212 93 A/IND64/2004 A/TAI/7/2003 99 A/IND161/2003 GVII A/IRN/32/2001.692 89 98 A/BHU/27/2003 95 74 A/BHU/41/2002 Former isolates 89 A/BHU/7/2003 99 99 A/Eskisehir/174/2015 99 A/Kocaeli/180/2015 99 4 A/SAU/16/95 A/IND/256/98 99 A/Cankiri/346/2014 99 A/ALB/1/1996 96 A/Kirsehir/154/2015 99 A/IND/287/1996 99 A/Erzurum/168/2015 99 99 53 A/IND/270/1996 A/Van/327/2014 31 A/IND/84/1997 IND2000-2009 97 A/Denizli/1538/2010 33 86 A/Agri/902/2011 SIS A/SAU/23/86 68 A/Cankiri/1/2014 96 A/ASIAGVII 90 A05 83 A/Balikesir/79/2014 - A/IRN/1/1996 Strains Distance 10 A22 62 97 A/Kayseri/78/2014 99 A15/Bangkok/TAI/1960 Saudi2015 1,3% A/Kastamonu/315/2014 99 A12/UK/119/1932 Bangaldesh2013 4,7% 97 A/Amasya/340/2014 99 A24/Cruzeiro/BRA/1955 98 A/Iraq/Babil/A218/2012 A11/GER/1929 Albania96 10,5% A/Bingol/184/2014 18 A/IRN/2/1987.212 A/Bingol/1062/2013 A/TAI/7/2003 Saudi95 10,8% 2 89 A/IRN/32/2001.692 61 A/Malatya/37/2013 NEP-84 14,0% A/Van/1204/2012 99 93 A05 89 99 A/Kars/729/2013 AIRN96 17,3% A23/Kitale/KEN/1964 A23/Kitale/KEN/1964 A/IRN/22/1999 43 A99 A22/Mahmatli/1964.98 43 A99 99 1 17,3% 99 A/Kirsehir/124/2004 0.02 AIRN87 19,0% 0.02 Turkey2015 (AIRN2005) 21,2% AIRN99 21,4% AIRN2005 (index) 22,2%

8 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 Summary of vaccine matching (antigenic characterisation by VNT): Vaccine strain O1 Manisa OTUR07 OTUR14 O QOM-(2015 isolate) N M N O QOM-(2016 isolate) N M N O QOM-(2017 isolate) N M N Vaccine strain GVII ATUR16 /GVII A05 (2006 isolate) N N A05 (SIS10 / 2011 isolate) N N A05 (SIS10 / 2015 isolate) N N GVII (BAN-12 / 2016 isolate) M M GVII (BAN-12 / 2017 isolate) M M GVII (SAM16 / 2016-2017 isolate) M (Partially) M

Vaccine strain As1 Shamir Asia1 TUR11 Asia1 TUR 14

7th WestAs1 Eurasia Sindh FMD Roadmap 08 (2015Meeting • isolate Kyrgyzstan ) • April 2016 N N M NEW NATIONAL STRATEGY

10 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 WORKING HYPOTHESIS

KEY FACTORS: Animal movements, Virus incursion markets and dealers susceptible hosts among inadequate Adapted and Spread locally insufficiently control vaccinated young measures depending on the population are applied severity of the genetic by animal movements lineage directly or mechanically

the disease spreads through the country

depending on the severity of the genetic lineage endemic setting-Pandemic/Epidemic/Sporadic

11 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 RISK FACTORS AND GABS ON THE STRATEGY

• Virus incursion • Lack of booster vaccination • Animal movement • Market and movement controls • Poor notification and lack of disease – Common grazing in the awareness some region • Inadequate outbreak management – Yayla system in the some a. clinical surveillance region b. Outbreak investigation – Local movement c. Infected animals can not be isolated – Movement throughout the from the susceptible animals because of common grazing country d. Bio-security – Kurban period movement e. Quarantine measures – Impact of animal market and 7. Border inspections deallers 8. Early detection system for the detection – Inadequate Biosecurity of new strains application 9. Monitoring and evaluation system 12 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 A NEW STRATEGY TO ELIMINATE VIRUS ENTIRE OF THE ANATOLIA

A Risk Based Control Program The program has been has been developed and updated with agressive applied since 2014 activities

GOAL OF NEW STRATEGY To contribute to the development of the livestock sector by achieving OIE status of FMD free with vaccination by 2023

2018 2021 2022 (end of) AchieveStage_3 AchieveStage_4 AchieveStage_513 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 NEW REGIONAL APPROACH OF THE STRATEGY

14 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 SOME COMPONONENTS OF THE STRATEGY

Eliminate risk by animal Improvement outbreak Eliminate virüs movement management circulation • Restriction of the •Create a new OI procedure • Maintenance of current movement routine vaccination • requirement vaccination • Create SOP for OI (whole susceptible LR last six month for adult population; achieved anim. 100% vacc. coverage in •Reach every single outbreak the last campaign) • requirement booster vaccination for young animal: 2 vacc. Last six •Improve biosecurity measures • Effort to achieve 100% month booster vaccination • Monitoring by TURKVET •Stamping out in borderline coverage and VETBIS: province and some specific • Continue subsiding for automatically restriction targeted sectors in the first year booster vaccination and double check system of the stage 3 (2018) • Continue ring vaccination for all susceptible pop • Clinical examination in •Extended stamping out policy with extra high potency destination place to whole region in next years vaccine • Continue SR population • Achievement booster •Implement Extra high potency where the risk is vaccination ; already vaccine (>10 PD50) in borderline identified initiated but it will be province and ring vaccination in • Stamping out (as prev) reached at desirable level Surveillance zone of outbreak

15 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 SOME COMPONONENTS OF THE STRATEGY (2)

Reduce risk by animal market Improvement Monitoring and Stop virüs incursion and dealer Evaluation System

• Registration dealer and • Monitoring and Evaluation • Establish early detection improve trading system System has been already system • Monitoring by TURKVET established and VETBIS • Central • Create effective clinical • Improve infrastructure (GDFC)/Institute/Provinc surveillance in the borderline of transportation e level provinces vehicle • Continue training and • Serial Epidemiology • Improve cooperation and awareness activities for training by technical collaborative study with dealer support of EuFMD has neighbouring countries been conducted in order

• Improve animal market to build up of technical capacity • Establish network for system and increase molecular epidemiology data certificated market

• This training activities will be continued • Improve infrastructure for • Encourage trading through inspection to stop illegal

farm base movement cross the border • Continue Surveillance

and serosurveillance •

16 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016

MONITORING CONTROL PROGRAM_INDICATORS • Reconstructed TURVET (Registration and Information System) with more functional and features : • Animal Registration System (TURKVET) • LR/SR registered into the system with ear-tag; initiated replacement of electronic ear-tag • Animal movement managed and monitored by the system • Regular movement report by province • Veterinary Information System (VIS_VETBIS) • Outbreak Management • Entering outbreak data all notifiable disease • Vaccination data • Sample Management System • Epidemiology and Monitoring Unit • Central level at GDFC; at 9 Regional Institutes and Provincial level • Regular Diagnosis Activities • Clinical diagnosis (Incidence, attack and mortality rate) data; VIS • Serotyping data: Şap Institute and VIS at GDFC • Genotyping data: Şap Institute • Antigenic Characterization (r Value) data: Şap Institute • Surveillance Activities • New clinical surveillance program/OI procedure • NSP Suro-surveillance: Assessment disease dynamics and identifying risk factors • Post vaccination sero-surveillance: Vaccination performance and antibody level 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016 Thank you very much for your attention! Acknowledges • The Şap Institute • General Directorate for Food and Control (GDFC)

18 7th West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Meeting • Kyrgyzstan • April 2016