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IA¢¢l:lill IO N NUMIlKR! ....... ,,°,o UrHRU) °o°o°oo .... • °°*o°°°°°°°°°°°°°,°°° ,°°oo ..... *° °.**°'°°°'°°°'°°°°°%% .... °°o°.°° : PAG £ II ) / :.:-'"':'"F'"'":': °o°°° .... °° .,°°°.°°°°°° .o°°,°°o,*°°°-°,o°°°.°. °°°**,°°°oo o°° ,°°°,o°°.o°°°°°°o°° (NAIA _'R OR 'rMx OR A° NUMIIR) (CATI, eONy ) , "¢1 " *:]1 MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER :C ,1_. HOUSTON,TEXAS "-" "- NOVEMBER 1969 "0* • APOLLO SPACECRA/T FLIGHT HISTORY Launch site Mission S_acecraft Description Launch date White sands PA-I BP-6 First pad short Nov. 7, 1963 Missile Range, N. Mex. White Sands A-O01 BP-12 Transonic abort May 13, 1964 Missile Range, N. Mex. AS-101 BP-13 Nominal launch and May 28, 1964 Cape Kennedy, exit environment Fla • Cape Kenned," AS-I02 BP-15 Nominal launch and Sept. 18, 1964 J, exit environment Fla. A-O02 BP-23 Maximum dynamic Dec. 8, 1964 Whi_ Sands pressure abort Missile Range, N. Mex. AS -i03 BP-16 Micrometeoroid Feb. 16, 1965 Cape Kennedy, experiment Fla. A-O03 BP-22 Low-altitude abort May D, 1965 White Sands (planned high- Missile Range, altitude abort) N. Mex. AS-104 BP-26 Micrometeoroid May 25, 1965 Cape Kennedy, experiment md Fla. servicmmodule RCS launch environment BP-23A Second pad abort June 29, 1965 White Sands Missile Range, N. Mex. _ -_ 5 BP-9A Micrometeoroid July 30, 1965 Cape Kennedy, experiment and Fla. service module RCS launch environment A-O0h SC-002 Power-ont_bling Jan. 20, 1966 White Sands boundary_ort Missile Range, N. Mex. AS-201 sc-0o9 Supercircular Feb. 26, 1966 Cape Kennedy, entry with high Fla. heat rate AS-202 SC-011 Supercircular Aug. 25, 1966 Cape Kennedy, entry with high Fla. heat load (Continued inside back cover) MSC-00171 APOLLO ii MISSION REPORT PREPARED BY Mission Evaluation Team APPROVED BY George M. Low Manager, Apollo Spacecraft Program NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION MANNED SPACECRAFt CENTER HOUSTON, TEXAS November 1969 < "Houston, the Eagle has landecl." iii CONTENTS Section P age 1.0 S UMMARY ........................ i- i 2.0 INTRODUCTION ...................... 2-1 3.0 MISSION DESCRIPTION ................... 3-1 4.0 PILOTS ' REPORT ..................... 4-1 4.1 PRELAUNCH ACTIVITIES .............. 4-i 4.2 LAUNCH ..................... 4-1 4.3 EARTH ORBIT COAST AND TRANSLUNAR INJECTION h-I 4.4 TRANSPOSITION AND DOCKING ............ 4-2 4.5 TRANSLUNAR COAST ................ 4-2 4.6 LUNAR ORBIT INSERTION .............. 4-3 4.7 LUNAR MODULE CHECKOUT .............. 4-4 4.8 DESCENT PREPARATION ............... 4-4 4.9 UNDOCKING AND SEPARATION ............ 4-7 4.10 LUNAR MODULE DESCENT .............. 4-7 4.11 COMMAND MODULE SOLO ACTIVITIES ......... 4-9 4.12 LUNAR SURFACE OPERATIONS ............ 4-10 4.13 LAUNCH PREPARATION ............... 4-16 4.14 ASCENT ..................... 4-17 4.15 RENDEZVODS ................... 4-17 4.]6 COMMAND MODULE DOCKING ............. 4-18 4.17 TRANSEARTH INJECTION .............. 4-19 4.18 TRANSEARTH COAST ................ 4-19 4.19 ENTRY ...................... 4-20 4.20 RECOVERY .................... 4-20 5.0 LUNAR DESCENT AND ASCENT ................ 5-1 5.1 DESCENT TRAJECTORY LOGIC ............ 5-i 5.2 PREPARATION FOR POWERED DESCENT ......... 5-2 5.3 POWERED DESCENT ................. 5-4 iv Sect i on Page 5.4 ,LANDING DYNAMICS ................ 5-6 5.5 POSTLANDING SPACECRAFT OPEP.ATIONS ........ 5-7 5.6 ASCENT ..................... 5-8 5.7 RENDEZVOUS • , , • • • ° , • • • . • , , . • , • 5-10 6.0 COMMUNI CATIONS ..................... 6-1 7.0 TRAJECTORY ....................... 7-1 7. i LAUNCH PHASE .................. 7-1 7.2 EARTH PARKING ORBIT ............... 7-1 7.3 TRANSLUNAR INJECTION .............. 7-1 7.4 MANEUVER ANALYSIS ................ 7-2 7.5 COMMAND MODULE ENTRY .............. 7-4 7.6 SERVICE MODULE ENTRY .............. 7-5 7.7 LUNAR ORBIT TARGETING .............. 7-5 7.8 LUNAR ORBIT NAVIGATION ............. 7-6 8.0 COMM_D AND SERVICE MODULE PERFORMANCE ......... 8-1 8.1 STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL SYSTEMS ........ 8-1 8.2 ELECTRICAL POWER ................ 8-4 8.3 CRYOGENIC STORAGE ................ 8-5 8.4 %_F RANGING ................... 8-5 8.5 INSTRUMENTATION ................. 8-5 8.6 GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, AND CONTROL ........ 8-6 8.7 REACTION CONTROL ................ 8-19 8.8 SERVICE PROPULSION ............... 8-19 8.9 ENVIRONM:3NTAL CONTROL SYSTEM .......... 8-23 8. i0 CREW STATION .................. 8-24 8. ii CONSUMABLES ................... 8-25 9.0 LUNAR MODUI_ PERFORMANCE ................ 9-1 9.1 STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL SYSTEMS ........ 9-1 9.2 THERMAL CONTROL ................. 9-1 9.3 ELECTRICAL POWER ................ 9-2 v Section Page 9.4 COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT ............ 9-2 9.5 INSTRUMENTATION ................. 9-3 9.6 GUIDANCE AND CONTROL .............. 9-3 9.7 REACTION CONTROL ................ 9-19 9.8 DESCENT PROF_LSION ............... 9-22 9.9 ASCENT PROPULSION ................ 9-27 9.10 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM .......... 9-29 9. ii RADAR ...................... 9-29 9.12 CREW STATION .................. 9-30 9.13 CONSUMABLES ................... 9-30 i0.0 EXTRAVEHICULAR MOBILITY UNIT PERFORMANCE ........ i0-i ii.0 THE LUNAR SURFACE .................... ii-i ii.i LUNAR GEOLOGY EXPERIMENT ............ 11-3 11.2 LUNAR SURFACE MECHANICS EXPERIMENT ....... 11-12 11.3 EXAMINATION OF LUNAR SAMPLES .......... 11-14 ii. 4 PASSIVE SEISMIC EXPERIMENT ........... 11-17 Ii. 5 LASER RANGING RETRO-REFLECTOR EXPERIMENT .... 11-22 11.6 SOLAR WIND COMPOSITION EXPERIMENT ........ 11-23 ii. 7 PHOTOGR___HY ................... 11-23 12.0 BIOMEDICAL EVALUATION .................. 12-1 12.1 BIOINSTRUMENTATION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL DATA .... 12-1 12.2 MEDICAL OBSERVATIONS .............. 12-2 12.3 EXTRAVEHICUL&R ACTIVITY ............. 12-5 12.4 PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS .............. 12-5 12.5 LUNAR CONTAMINATION AND QUARANTINE ....... 12-6 13.0 MISSION ST/PPORT PERFORMANCE ............... 13-1 13.1 FLIGHT CONTROL ................. 13-1 13.2 NETWORK PERFORMANCE ............... 13-2 13.3 RECOVERY OPERATIONS ............... 13-3 vi Section Page 14.0 ASSESSMENT OF MISSION OBJECTIVES ............ 14-1 14.1 LOCATION OF LANDED LUNAR MODULE ......... 14-1 14.2 LUNAR FIELD GEOLOGY ............... 14-2 15.0 LAUNCH VEHICLE SUMMARY ................. 15-1 16.0 ANOMALY SUMMARY ..................... 16-1 16.1 COMMAND AND SERVICE MODULES ........... 16-1 16.2 LUNAR MODULE .................. 16-9 16.3 GOVERNMENT-FURNISHED EQUIPMENT ......... 16-21 17.0 CONCLUSIONS ....................... 17-1 APPENDIX A - VEHICLE DESCRIPTIONS ............... A-I A.I COMMAND AND SERVICE MODULES ........... A-I A. 2 LUNAR, MODULE .................. A-I A. 3 EXTRAVEHICULAR MOBILITY UNIT .......... A-5 A. 4 EXPERIMENT EQblPMENT .............. A-8 A.5 LAUNCH VEHICLE ................. A-10 A. 6 MASS PROPERTIES ................. A-10 APPENDIX B - SPACECRAFT HISTORIES ............... B-I APPENDIX C - POSTFLIGHT TESTING ..... ........... C-I APPENDIX D - DATA AVAILABILITY ................. D-I APPENDIX E - GLOSSARY ..................... E-I vii SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS A ampere ac alternating current AGS abort guidance system A-h ampere -hour ALDS Apollo launch data system arc sec arc second ARIA Apollo range instrumentation aircraft BDA Bermuda Btu British thermal unit CAPCOM capsule communicator CATS command and telemetry system c.d.t. central daylight time cm cent imet er CMC command module computer CR0 Carnarvon, Australia CSM command and service modules CYI Canary Islands D down dB decibel (also used as dBm) dc direct current deg degree D/T delayed time E east e.s .t. eastern standard time FM frequency modulat ion _/sec feet per second g gravity of earth C-&N guidance and navigation GDS Goldstone, California G.m.t. Greenwich mean time - - ' -- nn_ _ uJ I III-- _ nml viii HAW IIawaii hr hour HSK Honeysuckle, Australia Hz hertz I inertia in-lb inch-pound kpps kilopulses per second kW-h ki lowat t -h our ib/hr pounds per hour lb/_