M.M.NINAN INTRODUCTION TO BIBLICAL HERMENEUTICS

M.M.NINAN

SAN JOSE, CA 95126

INTRODUCTION TO BIBLICAL HERMENEUTICS

M.M.NINAN

I INTRODUCTION - BIBLICAL HERMENEUTICS 1

II THE JEWISH TRADITIONS IN HERMENEUTICS 4 TARGUM THE SEVEN RULES OF HILLEL THE THIRTEEN RULES OF THE THIRTY-TWO RULES OF ELIEZER B. JOSE HA-GE-LILI 42 RULES OF ZOHAR.

III PARDES 35

IV CHRISTIAN BIBLICAL HERMENEUTICS 42

PRINCIPLE #1: THE ELECTION PRINCIPLE

PRINCIPLE #2: THE LITERARY INTERPRETATION PRINCIPLE BIBLICAL LITERALISM LETTERISM

PRINCIPLE #3: LEXICAL-SYNTACTICAL PRINCIPLE

PRINCIPLE #4: CONSIDERATION OF GENRE

PRINCIPLE #5: THE CONTEXTUAL PRINCIPLE

THEOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF CONTEXTUALIZATION A. THE COVENANTAL PRINCIPLE: B. DISPENSATION PRINCIPLE OR THE CHRONOMETRICAL PRINCIPLE: C. THE ETHNIC DIVISION PRINCIPLE: D. THE BREACH PRINCIPLE: E. THE MORAL PRINCIPLE F. THE FIVE "W" AND "H"

PRINCIPLE #6: MENTION PRINCIPLES:

PRINCIPLE #7: THE CHRISTO-CENTRIC PRINCIPLE

PRINCIPLE #8: FIGURES OF SPEECH GROUP OF PRINCIPLES: THE NUMERICAL PRINCIPLE (NUMEROLOGY) THE SYMBOLIC PRINCIPLE (SYMBOLOGY)

V ALLEGORICAL INTERPRETATION 92 PARABLES, ALLEGORY AND TYPOLOGY HYPERLITERISTS GEMETRIA BIBLE CODES

VI PROGRESSIVE REVELATION ACCOMODATIVE REVELATION 132

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

I INTRODUCTION BIBLICAL HERMENEUTICS

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN GOD HAS SPOKEN. WHAT DID HE SAY?

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

II THE JEWISH TRADITIONS IN HERMENEUTICS

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Translations

TARGUM

Targum

• • • • • •

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Targum

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

The Targum Yonathan

.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Targum Yerushalmi

Targum Neofiti

The Targum Sheni

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Talmudical Hermeneutics

The rabbis of the considered themselves to be the receivers and transmitters of an oral law as to the meaning of the scriptures.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Classes of rules

תנאים Tannaim

tanna shanah Mishnah shanah

Tannaim Tannaim

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

c. c.

et seq.

Thhh

The Seven Rules of Hillel

The Thirteen Rules of Rabbi Ishmael

The Thirty-two Rules of Eliezer B. Jose Ha-Ge-lili

A fourth tradition came about in the Jewish Mysticism known as Kaballah which gave 42 Rules of Zohar.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

THE SEVEN RULES OF HILLEL

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

For example, Yeshua's famous "golden rule": Whatever you would that men should do to you, do you even to them, for this is the and the Prophets. ( Matthew 7:12)

What is hateful to you, do not do to your neighbor that is the whole Torah

"rightly dividing the word of truth."

"rightly dividing the Word of truth."

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

The Seven Rules of Hillel are:

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN 1. Kal Vahomer

• kal vahomer meforash

kal vahomer satum

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

how much more

29-30 Then said Jonathan, My father hath troubled the land: see, I pray you, how mine eyes have been enlightened, because I tasted a little of this honey. How much more

; how much more

how much more

Behold, Saul is dead, thinking to have brought good tidings, I took hold of him, and slew him in Ziklag, which was the reward I gave him for his tidings. How much more

how much more

How much more

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN How much more

How much more

How much more

How much more

how much more

how much more

, how much more

how much more

how much more

how much more

how much more

or if the blood of goats and bulls, and the ashes of a heifer sprinkling them that have been defiled, sanctify unto the cleanness of the flesh:

G'zerah Shavah

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

3. Binyan ab mikathub echad

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

5. Kelal uferat

6. Kayotze bo mimekom akhar

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

7. Davar hilmad me'anino

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

13 RULES OF RABBI ISHMAEL

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN The Thirteen Rules of R. Ishmael are:

Kal va-ḥomer:

Gezerah shavah:

Binyan av mi-katuv e ḥad and binyan av mi-shenei khetuvim: an inference from a single verse, and an inference from two verses

Kelal u-ferat ; general and particular:

Perat u-khelal : particular and general.

Kelal u-ferat u-khelal i attah dan ella ke-ein ha-perat : general, particular, general – you may derive only things similar to those specified.

Kelal she-hu ẓarikh li-ferat u-ferat she-hu ẓarikh li-khelal : the general requires the particular and the particular the general

Davar she-hayah bi-khelal ve-ya ẓa min ha-kelal lelammed lo le-lammed al a ẓmo ya ẓa ella le-lammed al ha-kelal kullo ya ẓa:

Davar she-hayah bi-khelal ve-ya ẓa liton to'an e ḥad she-hu khe-inyano ya ẓa lehakel ve-lo leha ẓmir :

Davar she-hayah bi-khelal ve-ya ẓa liton to'an a ḥer she-lo khe-inyano ya ẓa lehakel-leha ḥmir :

Davar she-hayah bi-khelal ve-ya ẓa lidon ba-davar he ḥadash i attah yakhol leha ḥaziro li-khelalo ad she-ya ḥazirennu ha-katuv li-khelalo be-ferush :

Davar ha-lamed me-inyano ve-davar ha-lamed misofo :

Shenei khetuvim ha-makh ḥishim zeh et zeh ad sheyavo ha-katuv ha-shelishi ve-yakhri'a beineihem:

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN (1) Kal va-ḥomer kol va-ḥomer an argument from the minor premise (kal ) to the major ( ḥomer )

kal va-ḥomer

kal va-ḥomer

kal va-ḥomer

dayyo kal va-ḥomer kal va-ḥomer

2) Gezerah shavah comparison of similar expressions

gezerah shavah

be-mo'ado tamid be-mo'ado gezerah shavah

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN gezerah shavah

• gezerah shavah • • gezerah shavah mufneh gezerah shavah mufneh

gezerah shavah hekkesh semukhim Hekkesh

Semukhim

semukhim ibid semukhim ibid

(3) Binyan av mi-katuv e ḥad and binyan av mi-shenei khetuvim: an inference from a single verse, and an inference from two verses binyan av

hekkesh

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN ḥallah ḥallah ḥallah

(4) Kelal u-ferat ; general and particular.

(5) Perat u-khelal : particular and general.

(6) Kelal u-ferat u-khelal i attah dan ella ke-ein ha-perat : general, particular, general – you may derive only things similar to those specified.

kelal perat kelal

(7) Kelal she-hu ẓarikh li-ferat u-ferat she-hu ẓarikh li-khelal : the general requires the particular and the particular the general

(8) Davar she-hayah bi-khelal ve-ya ẓa min ha-kelal lelammed lo le-lammed al a ẓmo ya ẓa ella le-lammed al ha-kelal kullo ya ẓa: if a particular instance of a general rule is

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN singled out for special treatment, whatever is postulated of this instance is to be applied to all the instances embraced by the general rule

(9) Davar she-hayah bi-khelal ve-ya ẓa liton to'an e ḥad she-hu khe-inyano ya ẓa lehakel ve-lo leha ẓmir : when particular instances of a general rule are treated specifically, in details similar to those included in the general rule, then only the relaxations of the general rule and not its restrictions are to be applied in those instances.

(10) Davar she-hayah bi-khelal ve-ya ẓa liton to'an a ḥer she-lo khe-inyano ya ẓa lehakel-leha ḥmir : when particular instances of a general rule are treated specifically in details dissimilar from those included in the general rule, then both relaxations and restrictions are to be applied in those instances

ibid. ibid.

(11) Davar she-hayah bi-khelal ve-ya ẓa lidon ba-davar he ḥadash i attah yakhol leha ḥaziro li-khelalo ad she-ya ḥazirennu ha-katuv li-khelalo be-ferush : when a particular instance of a general rule is singled out for completely fresh treatment, the details of the general rule must not be applied to this instance unless Scripture does so specifically

(12) Davar ha-lamed me-inyano ve-davar ha-lamed misofo : the meaning of a passage may be deduced: (a) from its context ( mi-inyano ), (b) from a later reference in the same passage ( mi-sofo ).

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

(13) Shenei khetuvim ha-makh ḥishim zeh et zeh ad sheyavo ha-katuv ha-shelishi ve-yakhri'a beineihem: two verses contradict one another until a third verse reconciles them.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

32 RULES OF RABBI HAGELILI.

1. Ribbuy

2. Mi’ut

3. Ribbuy ahar ribbuy PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN 4. Mi’ut ahar mi’ut

5. Kal va-chomer meforash

6. Kal va-chomer satum

7. Gezerah shawah

8. Binyan ab mi-katub ehad

9. Derek Kezarah

10. Dabar shehu shanuy

11. Siddur she-nehlak

12.

13.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN 14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27. Mi-ma’al

28. Mi-neged

29. Gematria

30. Notarikon

31.

32.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN Thhh h hhhhhhh

Dates of the rules

Ayyelet HaShachar,

Sefer HaKeritot

Rules of and Rabbi Ishmael

ק PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Superfluity in the text

ק

אין רבוי אחר רבוי אלא למעט • לשונות רבויין הן •

"the Torah speaks in the language of men"; תורה כלשון בני אדם דברה Sifre, Num. 112 .

After all, the purpose of revealing is to make known. How can it be done without a common language? Since there are many nations and many languages, God chose the nation of Israel and their language to speak to mankind with the intention that it will be translated to the languages of all the nations.

"Go ye and preach the gospel to all creation."

[Sifre siphrēy Sifre, Sifrei Sifre debe Rab Sifre Rabbah PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN Collected Writings

repetition of an entire section

"The Torah at times repeats a whole section of the Law in order to give a new application to it"

; וחזרו שנאה במקום אחר לא שנאה אלא בשביל דבר שנתחדש בה פרשה שנאמרה במקום אחד כל "

, a new meaning must be sought in the repetition of the Law.

Vocalization of words

ק Tanna h PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Juxtaposition of sections

"Every passage which stands close to another must be explained and interpreted with reference to its neighbor"

שהיא סמוכה לחבירתה למדה הימנה כל פרשה

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

III

פָּרְ דֵּס PaRDeS

• P a • R • De darash • S

Exoteric and Esoteric in Sod

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Holy Holies Inner Court Outer Court of Holies Sod Derash Remez Peshat

PESHAT פשט P'shat

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

P’shat

ק

• • •

(Gen. 1:2)

Tohu wa bohu

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

REMEZ

Remez,

God was hidden

Divine revelation.

Divine concealment and revelation.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

remez p’shat

DERASH (MIDRASH)

• • •

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

SOD

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN IV

CHRISTIAN BIBLICAL HERMENEUTICS

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Heb 1:1

PaRD eS IN THE NEW TESTAMENT

Peshat Remez Derash Sod PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Sod group of 3

“ ”

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Derash Group

And when day came, he called his disciples and chose from them twelve, whom he named apostles: Simon, whom he named Peter , and Andrew his brother, and James and John , and Philip , and Bartholomew , and Matthew , and Thomas , and James the son of Alphaeus , and Simon who was called the Zealot, and Judas the son of James, and Judas Iscariot , who became a traitor.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Remez Group

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Peshat Group

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN Modified table from Rules of Jewish Hermeneutics http://www.betemunah.org/rules.html

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

"The First Three Centuries

Melito of Sardis entitled "The Key",

• Tertullian, Clement of Alexandria, and De Principiis IV

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

• Diodorus of Tarsus "Quomodo differt theoria ab allegoriâ"

• St. John Chrysostom

• St.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

From the Fourth to the Fourteenth Century

• Donatist Tychonius "Septem regulae ad inquirendum et inveniendum sensum S. Scripturae",

• St. Augustine "De doctrinâ Christianâ libri quatuor" • the great African Doctor "De Genes.", "Exposit. Psalm.", De civitate Dei" • Isidore of Pelusium • Eucherius of Lyons "Formularum spiritualis intelligentiae ad Uranium liber unus: and "Instructionum ad Salonium filium libri duo" • the monk Adrian "Introductio ad divinas scripturas". • Junilius Africanus "De partibus divinae legis

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN • M. Aurelius Cassiodorus . "De institutione divinarum litterarum", "De artibus et disciplinis liberalium litterarum", and"De schematibus et tropis".

historical or literal spiritual allegorical sense moral sense anagogical sense

Summa Theologica

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

IV

BASIC HERMENEUTICAL PRINCIPLES

• “being interpreted” • “by interpretation”

PRINCIPLE #1: THE ELECTION PRINCIPLE

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLE #2: THE LITERARY INTERPRETATION PRINCIPLE

BIBLICAL LITERALISM

The basic level of interpreting the Scripture is thus the Biblical Literalism

Biblical literalism Biblicism Biblical fundamentalism

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

LETTERISM

clarity of Scripture

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Biblical arguments for clarity

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

clarity of Scripture Westminster Confession of Faith On the Bondage of the Will On the Bondage of the Will Writings

Against the Epistle of Manichaeus On Christian Doctrine

The Commonitory Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers

basic message Knowing Scripture

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy,

Chicago Statement on Biblical Hermeneutics

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Thhh hhhhh

•

under and shall be your

• •

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLE #3:

LEXICAL-SYNTACTICAL PRINCIPLE

Examination of the Principles of Biblical Interpretation. Protestant Biblical Interpretation

How is the text arranged? Try to distinguish what parts of the text are: narratives, parables, metaphors, dialogue, poetry, etc...

Having primarily dealt with the gramatical structure the next important step is the study of the words that convey the concepts involved. In this a Bible dictionary to get the basic lexical meaning of the word and a concordance to study how the same word is used elsewhere in the Bible by various authors at various occasions will help. These help to get the real meaning of the words.

Hermeneutics: Principles and Processes of Biblical Interpretation By Henry A. Virkler

Steps in Lexical-Syntactical Analysis PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Hermeneutics: Principles and processes of Biblical interpretation

Lexical Syntactical Analysis

• • • • • • • •

• • •

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLE #4:

CONSIDERATION OF GENRE

Exegetical Fallacies

• Historical narrative/epic • Law • Wisdom

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

• Poetry

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

• Prophecy • Apocalyptic: • Gospel • Epistle (letter):

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

There Are Right Ways and Wrong Ways to Interpret the Bible in the literary method.

A. The Right Way:

B. The Wrong Way:

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

. Partial quotation

. Not observing who said it:

Stringing together unrelated proof texts

Taking a verse out of context:

Allowing tradition to influence your interpretation of Scripture

A mystical approach, where you let the Bible fall open at random and pick a verse by "chance."

A cultic or occultic interpretation

. Misquoting a verse

Deliberate mistranslation of verses

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLE #5: THE CONTEXTUAL PRINCIPLE

CONTEXT

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

• historical-grammatical method.

Language, Culture, Geography, History, Politics PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Cultures change

THEOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF CONTEXTUALIZATION

A. The Covenantal Principle:

based on various covenants. the dispensational eras PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

B THE DISPENSATION PRINCIPLE OR THE CHRONOMETRICAL PRINCIPLE:

Dispensationalism

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

C. THE ETHNIC DIVISION PRINCIPLE:

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

D. THE BREACH PRINCIPLE:

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

1. Breaches of Promise

(a) Breach of Promise Concerning Entering Canaan

(b) Breach of Promise Concerning Dominion in Canaan

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Enemy Years of Judge Deliverance Scripture Bondage and Rest (Breach) (Promise)

Breach of Promise Concerning the Sceptre.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

E. THE MORAL PRINCIPLE

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

• Predictive Principle • Application Principle •

The Five "W" and "H"

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

I keep six honest serving-men (They taught me all I knew); Their names are What and Why and When And How and Where and Who.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLE #6:

MENTION PRINCIPLES

The First Mention Principle:

The Progressive Mention Principle:

Example

The Double Reference Principle

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

The Repetition Principle: The Comparative Mention Principle Interpreting the Scriptures

The Full Mention Principle or The Complete Mention Principle:

The Agreement Principle:

The Direct Statement Principle:

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN The Threefold Principle:

The Synthetic Principle

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLE #7: THE CHRISTO-CENTRIC PRINCIPLE

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

there was

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN PRINCIPLE #8: FIGURES OF SPEECH GROUP OF PRINCIPLES

Luke 8 :10 And He said, "To you it has been given to know the mysteries of the kingdom of God, but to the rest it is given in parables, that 'Seeing they may not see, And hearing they may not understand.'

THE NUMERICAL PRINCIPLE (NUMEROLOGY)

One Two o o o o o o o o o o Three o o o

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN  o o o o o Human abilities are three o The divine attributes are three fold: o Three bear witness (1 John 5:8): o Both the Tabernacle and the Temple consisted of three parts:

Four o o o o Five o o o o o Six o o Seven o o o o Eight o o Nine

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN o Ten o o o o o o Twelve o o o

30. Thirty

o o

40. Forty

o o o o

50. Fifty

o o o

70. Seventy

o PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN o

666

o

Symbolic Principle (Symbology)

On Christian Doctrine

Signum est quod se ipsum sensui et praeter se aliquid animo ostendit De dial.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

V

ALLEGORICAL INTERPRETATION alla, agoreuo the parable

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

• • • • • • •

PARABLES, ALLEGORY AND TYPOLOGY

Parable

Allegory real facts Type of history.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PARABLES

para bole

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

• • • • • • •

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o

Rules for Interpreting Parables

1. Seek to understand the one central truth the parable teaches,

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN 2. Relate all the peripheral details to this central truth,

3. Relate the parable to the context which introduces it and that which follows.

4. A parable should not be the primary, much less exclusive, foundation for any

5. Avoid strai ed interpretations.

6. Extremes of interpretation should be avoided.

7. Hard and fast, absolute rules for interpreting parables have not been given to Much that we gain from parables will be grasp of biblical truth, and our spiritually minded common sense.

What’s in the Bible?

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

ALLEGORY

allos agoreuo, agor is

• • •

figurative allegory

narrative

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN allegory," typology

type

allegory typology allegory

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Early Allegorism.

Alexandrian Allegorism.

The Wisdom of Solomon.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Radical Allegorism.

i.e.

Josephus.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Philo.

et seq. parah et seq. et seq.

Palestinian Allegorism.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN a a

Book of Jubilees.

The Essenes.

derush a s.v.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN b

Early Tannaim.

ḥomer a l.c. et seq.

Akiba and His School.

l.c.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN in loco

Judah the Patriarch.

Palestinian Amoraim.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN b b b

The Targums.

Rashi and Ibn Ezra.

pesha ṭ PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Philosophic Allegory.

Saadia.

a b c d

Solomon ibn Gabirol.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Maimonides.

b a a ibid. b et seq.

Pseudo-Maimonidean Writings.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

The Opposition to Maimonides.

l.c. a

a PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Mystical Allegorism.

pesha ṭ remez derush sod ḥesed din ra ḥamim ḥokmah b

Zohar.

PaRDeS Peshat Remez Derush Sod a PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

General Allegorization of the Law.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Isaac Arama.

derush

b

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

In the New Testament.

Epistle to the Hebrews.

ibid.

The Apostolic Fathers.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN l.c.

Antiochian School.

Ma'aseh abot siman le-banim ad locum PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Littera gesta docet, quid credas Allegoria, The Literal teaches deeds, what you believe Allegory, Moral how you act, where you are going Anagogical.

The literal/historical backwards to the past, the anagogic forwards to the future, the tropological downwards to the moral/human, and the allegorical upwards to the spiritual/heavenly.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

, typology

Examples

• • •

The problems with the Allegorical Symbolic method are:

• • •

TYPOLOGY

Type tupos typical = typeface typewriter. PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Typology type antitype

typology we have a representation of an actual, historical reference. According to Christian exegesis, biblical typology deals with the parallels between actual historical persons, events and places in salvation history and their later, analogous fulfillment. Often NT events and figures are typologically understood and interpreted according to an OT pattern

• tupos type tupos pattern • skia shadow skia • hupodeigma copy hupodeigma • parabole symbol parabole illustration • antitupon

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Typical Events Typical People Typical Things Typical Offices

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

HYPERLITERISTS

NOTARIKON

notarikon

notarikon

nimre ẓet No'ef, Mo'avi, Ro ẓe'a ḥ, Ẓorer, To'evah

Anokhi Anna Nafshi Ketavit Yahavit

notarikon

Re'uven, re'u ven,

avrekh Av Be- ḥokhmah, Ra-Kh be-Shanim

karmel rakh mel

me ẓora mo ẓi shem ra shin PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN notarikon nazuf Nezem Zahav beaF ḥazir

notarikon

notarikon Ba'al ha-Turim notarikonim

bereshit Bara Raki'a Ere ẓ ק Shamayim Yam Tehom

bereshit *sotah notarikon

GEMETRIA

Gematria gimatria gēma ṭriyā

Mispar gadol

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN Values table

Mispar gadol

Decimal Hebrew Glyph א Aleph 1 ב Bet 2 ג Gimel 3 ד Daled 4 ה He 5 ו Vav 6 ז Zayin 7 ח Heth 8 ט Teth 9 Decimal Hebrew Glyph י Yud 10 כ Kaph 20 ל Lamed 30 מ Mem 40 נ Nun 50 ס Samech 60 ע Ayin 70 פ Pe 80 צ Tsade 90 Decimal Hebrew Glyph ק Qoph 100 ר Reish 200 ש Shin 300 ת Taw 400 ך (Kaph (final 500 ם (Mem (final 600 ן (Nun (final 700 ף (Pe (final 800 ץ (Tsade (final 900 PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

• Mispar Hechrachi Mispar ha-Panim Mispar ha-Akhor • Mispar Gadol • Mispar ha-Gadol • Mispar Katan Mispar Me'ugal • Mispar Siduri • Mispar Bone'eh • Mispar Kidmi Mispar Meshulash • Mispar P'rati Mispar ha-Merubah ha-Prati' • Mispar ha-Merubah ha-Klali • Mispar Meshulash Mispar Kidmi • Mispar ha-Akhor Mispar Meshulash • Mispar Mispari • Mispar Shemi • Mispar Ne'elam • Mispar Katan Mispari • Mispar Misafi • Kolel PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

• Atbash opposite • Albam • Achbi • Ayak Bakar • Ofanim • Akhas Beta • Avgad

sulam samekh, lamed, mem samekh lamed mem samekh yud nun yud

► ►

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN ► ► ►

mamon mem mem vav nun sulam vav(=6)[ mamon

BIBLE CODES

Bible code Torah code hidden code The Bible Code The Omega Code

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Bible Code - Yeshua Ha'Mashiach in Psalm 22

Yeshua Mashiach (Jesus Christ) Encoded in Psalm 22

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN YESHUA MASHIACH (JESUS CHRIST) yod-shin-vav-ayin mem-shin-yod-cheth

CRUCIFIED tsadi-lamed-vav-beth

CROSS tsadi-lamed-beth

NISAN nun-yod-samek-nun yod

PESACH (PASSOVER) pey-samek-cheth

ZION tsadi-yod-vav-nun

SACRIFICE zayin-beth-cheth

DARKNESS cheth-shin-koph

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN THICK DARKNESS aleph-pey-lamed-hey

ELI, ELI ("MY GOD, MY GOD") aleph-lamed-yod aleph-lamed-yod

ELIJAH aleph-lamed-yod-hey-vav

VINEGAR cheth-mem-tsadi

CRY OUT koph-resh-aleph

DIED lamed-mem-vav-tav

SPIRIT resh-vav-cheth cheth

VEIL pey-resh-kaph-tav

TORN nun-koph-resh-ayin PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

TEMPLE hey-yod-kaph-lamed

EARTHQUAKE resh-ayin-shin

MARY mem-resh-yod-mem

SALOME shin-lamed-vav-mem-yod-tav

New Mexicans for Science and Reason present Negative Bible Codes

Deliverance/Salavation PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

could There is no deliverance in Yeshua.

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN VI PROGRESSIVE REVELATION ACCOMODATIVE REVELATION

His

"

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

The Guide for the Perplexed

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Elohim (Gods)

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

until all is accomplished"(Matthew 5:18).

•

•

•

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Is head hunting what it sounds like?

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

" "

23 - 25

in the Book of the Law of God

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL HERMENETICS ; M. M. NINAN

Prof. Madathilparampil Mammen Ninan B.Sc., B.Ed., M.Sc., M.Ed., Ph.D., Web Site: http://www.oration.com/~mm9n Email: [email protected]

Prof. Ninan was born in Kozhencheri, Kerala, India in a Syrian Christian Family which claims descent from one of the four families to whom St.Thomas the apostle of Jesus entrusted the gospel. His father Late.Mr.M.M.Mammen was a publisher Freedom fighter and Christian Reformer. His eldest Brother is the well known theologian Late Dr.M.M.Thomas, who was the Chairman of the World Council of Churches, the Governor of Nagaland, India and the Chairman of the Christian Institute of Study of Society and Religion. He belongs to the Malankara Mar Thoma Church, a reformed church holding the theology of the Eastern Churches which claims a 2000 year old heritage.

He is by profession a Professor of Theoretical Physics and had been a teacher in various universities around world including Ethiopia, Ghana, Jamaica, Sudan, Yemen, India and United States of America. He retired as the President of the Hindustan Academy of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Affiliated to University of Bangalore, India.

He was the first Moderator of the International Christian Fellowship, Sanaa, Yemen and the Co-founder of the Sudan Pentecostal Church and The Sudan Theological College. He has published over sixty books in History of Religions, Hinduism and Theology.

Mrs. Ponnamma Ninan is a Sociologist and Teacher who taught in many different countries along with her husband.

Published Books by Prof.M.M.Ninan www.mmninan.com

Bible Studies Six Enigmas in the Bible Lord's Appointed Festivals Kingdom Parables I AM: Symbols Jesus Used to explain himself A Study on Baptism The Seven Churches The Principles of Prosperity in the Kingdom of God Prophecy of Daniel Secrets of The Prayer Shawl The Four Gospels The Genealogy of Jesus The Historic Jesus The Mysteries of the Tallit, Titzit and Teklet... The Mystery of Melchizedek The Name Thy Kingdom Come When was Jesus Born? Wedding Blessings

Theological Studies Cosmos - The Body of God Dalit Theology Foundations of Faith in Jesus The Biblical Concept of Man Thinking loud on Theodicy, Soteriology,Trinity and Hermeneutics Theodicy Time Line Of Church History Soteriology The Christian Understanding of Trinity Perspectives on Lord's Table Semiotics of Sacraments Understanding Sacraments Quantum Theology The Kingdom of God Cultural Anthropology for Missions Angels, Demons and All the Hosts of Heaven and Earth

Historical and Hinduism Studies Acts of Apostle Thomas Apocryphal Thomas Life and Legacy of M.M.Thomas Life, Legacy and the Theology of Dr.M.M.Thomas Apostle Paul Architect and Builder of the Church: Life and Mission The Development Of Mariolatory Theology of Paul The Historic Jesus The Emergence of Hinduism from Christianity Hinduism What Really Happened in India The Development of Hinduism Sri Purusha Suktham: The fullness of Him - With commentary Isavasya Upanishad:The doctrine of the Immanence of Jesus Rig Veda Yajur, Saman and Atharvan Vedas Krishna Yajur Veda Riddles in Hinduism Time Line Church History Rewriting Hindu History: How do they do it?. Shukla Yajur Veda Christ vs. Krishna Tilak and the Aryan Origins Ambedkar's Philosophy of Hinduism and contemperory critiques Emergence of Dalit Theology

Life of Christ Paintings The Word Became Flesh

Selected works are available in three volumes