Trail Commission Searches SC Swamps for Gen. Francis Marion
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Vol. 4 No. 1_____________________________________ ________________January – March 2007 Trail Commission Searches SC Swamps for Gen. Francis Marion The oil on canvas painting, General Marion Inviting a British Officer to Share His Meal, by Eutaw Springs artist John Blake White (1781 - 1859), memorializes the “Swamp Fox” sharing his sweet potato dinner with a British officer reported by “Parson” Mason Locke Weems in his highly romanticized The Life of General Francis Marion: A Celebrated Partisan Officer, in the Revolutionary War, Against the British and Tories in South Carolina and Georgia. This painting was presented to the United States Senate in 1899. According to the artist’s son, Octavius A. White: “the figure of Marion is a portrait from memory, as my father, when a boy, knew him well. Marion’s farm adjoined the plantation of my grandfather.” If this is true, this is the closest any artistic representation of Marion is to the artist having painted a contemporaneous image of the partisan. For more information on this painting, see the catalogue write-up at http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/artifact/Painting_33_00002.htm. For recent “news” on Oscar Marion, see http://fusilier.wordpress.com/2006/12/17/oscar-marion-is-anonymous-no-longer. The Francis Marion Trail Commission will seek out the documentation and archaeology to sort the myth from the man and to accurately depict the story of the Revolution in the Pee Dee and Lowcountry of South Carolina on those hallowed grounds. 1 Editor / Publisher’s Notes Academicians have many academic journals in which to publish articles, but the lay writers are much more limited. SCAR does not Playing an academic hand see the need for another scholarly journal that has limited accessibility and broad focus. Clearly, SCAR is written for readers From time-to-time, we discourse with people about the scope of with a deep interest in the southern campaigns of the American this journal, its future direction and target audience of SCAR. Revolution, especially its military history, archeology, Recently while meeting with Fred Carter, President of Francis preservation, and personalities. We do edit the articles for Marion University, he tactfully reminded me that the “academic substance and readability, although we concede that not every word way” was fully referenced, peer-reviewed publications. What he published is worthy of the reader’s agonizing consideration. We did not say was how much time and effort are necessarily involved want to appeal to a broad amateur and professional audience of in that process, including selecting peer reviewers, getting peer historians and buffs, genealogists, living history hobbyists, and reviewers to work it into their schedules, and then refereeing what, professional and amateur archaeologists and give these folks voice. if any comments need to be reedited into an article prior to its Additionally, we want to provide news of activities in historical publication. Nor did he mention the typical circulation of these research, preservation, living history events, and archaeology. journals and the offs of a layman’s research being chosen for publication. No doubt that academic integrity is critical and having SCAR recognizes the principal that most great discoveries and educational leaders remind SCAR that there is a reason for this revelations are built upon the shoulders of scholars who came process is a good reminder. It is like going to church: the preacher before and we, like Sir Isaac Newton, have the advantage of being does not tell you anything that you already do not know, but able to stand upon the shoulders of intellectual giants. Indeed, the certainly things you need to be reminded of every week. Internet provides access to a multitude of resources that would have been unimaginable even to Newton. SCAR does enjoy publishing SCAR does employ a process of insuring integrity, but it is not the original research, especially to bring together for the first time equivalent of full academic journal peer review. Two or more battlefield analysis, unit histories and personalities associated with experienced editors review each article published by SCAR. There the war. We also like to republish and make available online for is some fact checking and often discourse between SCAR editors your use and enjoyment in research the obscure journals, letters, and authors if it appears that an article’s positions are out of the documents, maps, and articles which may be technically publicly historical norm. However, SCAR tries never to squelch the voice of available but either unknown or only located in one archive so as to the author and, where proof seems tenuous, we only add hedge frustrate access by the average student. Part of SCAR’s mantra is to words or editorial parenthetical to indicate that all facts are not locate the relevantly obscure and make it readily available. universally recognized as presented. Another specific goal is to give a voice to both our amateur and professional researchers and to broker the exchange of information At present, SCAR has elected not to evolve into a full peer- between normally disparate groups interested in the southern reviewed academic journal because of the difficulty of meeting our campaigns. aggressive publication schedules and having enough qualified peer- reviewers volunteer to thoughtfully comment on each article. Having examined several popular magazines, such as Military History Quarterly, Sea History, Muzzleloader, and periodicals The second tried and true element of academic integrity is devoted to other military history, I find that our articles are publishing fully referenced articles. Referencing provides three generally longer, more detailed, and more highly referenced, all of important functions: first and foremost, to give credit where credit which probably works to discourage a larger, more general is due; secondly, to lead future researchers to source audience….perhaps. documentation; and thirdly, to assure academic integrity by disclosing research basis and insuring verifiability. SCAR has SCAR and its sister projects [i.e. ARCHH, Inc. archaeological wrestled with whether to publish only fully referenced articles or investigations, John Robertson’s Global Gazetteer, our on-line not. Thus far, we have elected to publish some interesting but non- pension affidavits database, annotated source journals, John referenced papers, although our feature articles are typically fully Robertson’s on-line library and maps] aspire to become the referenced. It is clear to our readers that some of the articles are universally available journal of record of original, publisher of intend to be more scholarly and analytical, and some are written groundbreaking Revolutionary War research and an open-source more for reading pleasure and information so that there is a blend critical mass of source documentation. of popular history and scholarly discourse in our magazine. In 2007, SCAR will continue our partnerships with the Francis Referencing is different from annotating. For example, when we Marion Trail Commission, Southern Revolutionary War Institute, publish annotated pension statements, the footnotes are usually various Southern Revolutionary War sites, and patriotic explanatory in nature, especially in matters of geography or organizations. We will sponsor conferences, archaeology projects, biography. site preservation and interpretation, fellowship opportunities, and field trips. SCAR will conceive and cooperate with new coalitions This leads us to the question of SCAR’s target audience. We to raise the bar in doing excellent work with Revolutionary persons, purposefully pilot SCAR broadly across a wide landscape for places and things. David Reuwer reflects: “The Revolutionary War conceivable market interest. One thing that I have noticed about works on each of us in all sorts of ways, but above all the most scholarly journals is that there are very few general readers Revolutionary War works on us through each other. We are each who consume them from cover to cover. For example, as carriers of Revolutionary War pieces - points of Liberty, if you will passionate as I am about South Carolina history and how respected allow - and sharing is at the very heart of what SCAR is all about. I believe the South Carolina Historical Quarterly is as a scholarly Just as our Revolutionary era forbearers did for us, their posterity, journal, there are often articles published that my interest can not we do for one another in love of Liberty.” sustain to work my way through. The distribution of the traditional scholarly historic journals is very limited, usually focused on the Charles B. Baxley, Lugoff, SC i large research libraries and most will only publish an article of interest to southern campaigns researchers occasionally. 2 1782 – The Forgotten Year of the (including the death of John Laurens), Wadboo Plantation (August 1782), and finally the evacuation of Charleston on 14 American Revolution - Still Forgotten? December 1782, certainly an event that should be th The 225 is not over! commemorated as the final end of the Southern Campaigns. As the calendar editor for SCAR for the past several years I have • The American Siege of Savannah also consisted of several recently noted a trend regarding commemorative events for the actions including Altamaha River (April 1782), Harris’ Bridge or southern campaigns. This trend was not obvious at first, but after Ogeechee Ferry (May 1782), Ebenezer (June 1782), and the noting events commemorating the 226th of…, or the 227th of.., or in evacuation of Savannah on 11 July 1782 after over 3 years of some cases the 230th of…it suddenly occurred to me. Where are occupation – again is this not something worth commemorating? the events and programs aimed to commemorate the southern battles of 1782? Was Yorktown the end? Certainly that is what • Events on the western frontier, where men and units from 99% of the uninformed American public would think, but we are southern states participated in campaigns against the native not the normal public or are we? It appears to me at this point in tribes.