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The Imperial Administrative System in the Ninth Century, with a Revised Text THE BRITISH ACADEMY SUPPLEMENTAL PAPERS I The Imperial Administrative System in the Ninth Century t With a Revised Text of The Kletorologion of Philotheos J. B. Bury Fellow of the Academy London Published for the British Academy By Henry Frowde, Oxford University Press Amen Corner, E.G. Price Ten Shillings and Sixpence net THE BRITISH ACADEMY SUPPLEMENTAL PAPERS I The Imperial Administrative System in the Ninth Century With a Revised Text of The Kletorologion of Philotheos By J. B. Bury Fellow of the Academy London Published for the British Academy By Henry Frowde, Oxford University Press Amen Corner, E.G. 1911 SUMMARY OF CONTENTS PAGE BIBLIOGRAPHY .......... 3 A. PRELIMINARY .......... 7 (1) Sources for institutional history. text of Philotheos. (2) The (3) The contents and sources of the Kletorologion. The Taktikon Uspenski. (4) Scope of the following investigation. General comparison of the Constaiitinian with the later Byzantine system. Sta 20 B. DIGNITIES (at /?/oa/3etW di'at) ...... Sia 36 C. OFFICES (at \6yov dtat) ....... I. crrpar^yot. II. So/ACOTlKOl. III. Kptrai. IV. V. VI. VII. dtat D. DIGNITIES AND OFFICES OF THE EUNUCHS . .120 I. d^tat Sta ^paj8etW. II. d^tat Sta \6yov. TEXT OF THE KLKTOROLOGION OF PHILOTHEOS . 131 Ml 226210 BIBLIOGRAPHY SOURCES. Saec. V. [Not. Dig.] Notitia Dignitatum, ed/Seeck, 1876. [C. Th.] Codex Theodosianus, ed Mommsen, 1905. Novettae Theodosii II, &c., ed. Meyer, 1905. [C. I.] Codex lustinianus (see below). Saec. VI. [C. I.] Codex lustinianus, ed. Kruger, 1884. lustiniani Novettae, ed. Zacharia von Lingenthal, 1881. lustini II, Tiberii II, Mauricii Novettae, in Zacharia v. Lingenthal, Ins Graeco-Romanum , Pars III, 1857. [Cass. Var.] Cassiodorus Senator, Variae, ed. Mommsen, 1894. loannes De ed. 1903. [Lydus.] Lydus, Magistratibus , Wiinsch, [Pet. Patr.j Petrus Patricius, Catastasis, fragments in Const. Porph. Cerimoniis cc. also ib. De i, 84-95 ; cp. pp. 497-8 (see below). [(Maurice) Strut.] Pseudo-Maurice, Strategikon, ed. Scheffer, 1664. Saec. VII. Descriptions of ceremonies in reign of Heraclius, in Const. Porph. De Cerimoniis ii, cc. 27-30 (see below). f Diva iussio lustiniani Augusti [II] ... in confirmationem ' sextae synodi Constantinopolitanae [A. D. 687], Mansi, Concilia, xi. 737- Saec. VIII. Leo III and Constantine, Ecloga, ed. Monferratus, 1889. Some descriptions of ceremonies, in Const. Porph. De Cerimoniis, esp. i. 43 and 44. Saec. IX. [Takt. Usp.] TOKTIKOV cv firiro^w ycvofievov eVi Mi^a/yX . KOI Qeoftwpas . ed. Th. Uspenski, in Izviestiia russkago arkheologicheskago instituta v Konstantinopolie, iii. 109, sqq. 1898. [Ibn Khurd. Ibn Khurdadhbah, ffitdb al-Masdlik wa 'l-Mamdlik, ed. De Goeje, in Bibl. Geogr. Arab, vi, 1889 (pp. 76-85). [Kudama] Kudama ibn Ja far, ibid. (pp. 196-9). libri vols. ed. [Bas.J Basilicorum Ix, i-vi, Heimbach, 1833-70 ; vol. vii, ed. Ferrini and Mercati, 1897. Ml 2 4 BIBLIOGRAPHY [Epan.] Epanagoge legis Basilii et Leonis et Alexandri, ed. Zacharia v. L., 1852. [Prochiron] 6 npoxdpo? vopos (of Basil 1), ed. Zacharia v. L., 1837. v. Leonis VI Novellae, in Zacharia L.,Ius Graeco-Romanum , iii (see above). P. vol. [Leo, Tact.] Leo VI, Tactica, in Migne, G. y 107. [Phil.] Philotheos, Kletorologion. Ceremonies. Many of the ceremonies described in Const. Porph. De Cer., date from the ninth century. Description of Triumph of Theophilus, Const. Porph. nepl T>V @a<Ti\iKa>v rageidtatv, 503 sqq. (see below). Description of Triumph of Basil I, ibid. 498 sqq. Leo VI. T6 tTrapxiKov pifiXiov (le livre du Pre'fet), ed. Nicole, 1893. Saec, X. [Cer.] Constantine Porphyrogennetos, De Cerimoniis, ed. Bekker [vol. i], Bonn, 1829. TO>V ibid. \nep\ ra.] nepl &a<n\m&v raeitW, , 444-508. adm. ed. [De imp.'] , De administrando imperio, Bekker [vol. iii], Bonn, 1840. [Them.] , De Thematibus, ibid. et Constantini in v. Romani I VII Novellae ; Zacharia L., lus Graeco-Romanum, iii (see above). [Anon. Vari] Incerti scriptoris Byzantini saec. X liber de re militari, ed. Vari, 1901. Nicephorus Phocas, STpaTjjytKi) eK^cri? Kal <rvvTais, ed. e Kulakovski, in Zapiski of St. Petersburg Academy, viii se'r. viii. 9, 1908. To this list must be added the Acta Conciliorum (esp. of the 6th, 7th, and 8th cited General Councils), which are from Mansi's collection ; and the seals which begin in the sixth century and become more numerous and important afterwards. 1 SEALS. [Sig.] Schlumberger, S/gillographie de FEmpire byzantin, 1884. [Mel.] Schlumberger, Melanges d' archeologie byzantine, premiere se'rie, 1895. [Panchenko] Panchenko, Katalog molybdobullov [in the collection of the Russian Arch. Institute at Cple.], in the Izviestiia of the Institute, viii. 199 sqq. (1903), ix. 342 sqq. (1904), xiii. 78 sqq. (1908). [Konstantopulos] Konstantopulos, BvfavnaKa /uoXv/3&d/3ouXXa [in the National Numismatic Museum of Athens], in the Journal inter- national d'archeologie numismatique, vols. ix and x, 1906, 1907. The chronicles and other literary sources need not be enumerated here. The historians and chroniclers are cited from the Bonn texts (Cont. Th. =Theophanes 1 of The collections Egyptian Papyri (Pap. Brit. Mus., B. G. U., Oxyrhynchus> <fec.) are occasionally useful for illustration. BIBLIOGRAPHY 5 = ed. Continuatus ; Gen. Genesius), except Procopius, Haury, Theophylactus ed. Simocatta, De Boor, Nicephorus Patriarcha, ed. De Boor, (Theoph. ) Theophanes, ed. De Boor, or where otherwise specified. Evagrius is cited from the ed. of and Bidez the Parmentier ; fragments of Menander, &c., from Miiller, F. H. G. iv. MODERN WORKS, Godofredus, Codex Theodosianus (Commentary), 1736-46. Booking, Notitia Dignitatum (Commentary), 1839-53. Karlowa, Romische Rechtsgeschichte, vol. i, 1885 Geschichte der Schiller, romischen Kaiser'zeit, vol. ii, Chap. I, 1887. [Mommsen] Mommsen, Ostgotische Studien, in Neues Archiv, xiv, 1888. Mommsen, Ephemeris Epigraphica, v. 1884. e Aussaresses, L'armee byzantine a la fin du vi siecle, 1909. Gelzer^M.), Studien zur byzantinischen Verwaltung Aegyp- tens, 1909. Bury, Magistri scriniorum, dvTiypafprjs and pefapevdapioi, in Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, 1910. Diehl, L' administration byzantine dans texarchat de Ravenne, 1888. Hartmann, Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der byzantinischen Verwaltung in Italien, 1889. Diehl, L'Afrique byzantine, 1896. [Ducange] Ducange, Glossarium ad scriptores mediae et infimae Graecitatis, 2 vols., 1688. (Compare also his commen- taries on works which he edited in the Paris Corpus.) [Reiske] Reiske, Commentarii ad Const. Porph. de Cerimoniis = Const. Porph., vol. ii, ed. Bonn. [Rambaud] Rambaud, L'empire grec au diademe siecle, 1870. Zacharia von Lingenthal, Geschichte des griechisch-rdmischen Rechts, ed. 3, 1892. [Bieliaev] Bieliaev, Byzantina : ocherki, materialy i zamietki po vizan- tiiskim drevnostiam, i, 1891 ; ii, 1893. (Uspenski, Tabel] Uspenski, Vizantiiskaia tabel o rangakh, in Izv. russk. arkh. Instituta v Kplie, iii, 1898. Uspenski, Konstantinopot'skii Eparkh, rbid., iv, 2, 1899. vizantiiskoi Uspenski, Voennoe ustroistvo imperil, ibid., vi, i, 1900. Panchenko, Bao-iXiKos IltoTiKos, ibid, vii, 1902. Uspenski, Partii tsirka i dimy v Kplie, in Vizantiiski Vremennik, i, 1894. Kulakovski, Drung i drungarii, ibid., ix, 1902. Kulakovski, Vizantiiskii lager kontsa, Xvieka, ibid., x, 1903. Mitard, Note sur la fonction d' < npoa-nirov TO>V dfudrav, in Byzantinische Zeitschrift, xii, 592-4, 1903. Bury, The Ceremonial Book of Constantine Porphyrogennetos, in English Historical Review, xxii, April and July, 1907. Ier Vogt, Basile , 1908. BIBLIOGRAPHY (On the organization, &c., of the Themes.) Diehl, L'origine du regime des Thtmes dans VEmpire byzantin, 1896. in [Gelzer] Gelzer, Die Genesis der byzantinischen Themenverfassung , Abhandlungen der kon. sachsischen Gesellschaft der Wissen- schaften, Phil.-Hist. CL, xviii, 1899. Brooks, Arabic Lists of the Byzantine Themes, in Journal of Hellenic Studies, xxi, 1901. c ' i istorii in Kulakovski, K voprosy ob imeni themy Opsikii , Vizantiisld Vremennik, xi, 1904. (On titles of honour.) Hirschfeld, Die Rangtitel der romischen Kaiserzeit, in Sitzungsberichte der Berliner Akademie, 1901, 579 sqq. Koch, Die byzantinischen Beamtentitel von 400 bis 700, 1903, THE IMPERIAL ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM IN THE NINTH CENTURY A. PRELIMINARY. (1) Sources for institutional history. FOR the history of the administrative institutions of the Roman Empire in the fourth, fifth, and sixth centuries A.D., we have material which is relatively ample. We have the lawbooks of Theodosius and Justinian, arid the Notitia Dignitatum, of which the latest portions date from about A.D. 425. We have further the letters of Cassio- dorus, written in his official capacity as quaestor in the palace of Ravenna, and, although he is concerned with the Imperial institutions as they were modified to suit the conditions of the Ostrogothic kingdom, the offices and functions were so little altered that the of information supplied by Cassiodorus is, as Mommsen perceived, the highest value not only for the administration of Ravenna but also of Constantinople. In addition to these authoritative documents, we have the mutilated treatise Trept apy&v of John the Lydian, which, rambling though it is, furnishes precious material, the author having been himself an official in the reigns of Anastasius, Justin I, and Justinian. These sources supplemented by inscriptions and the incidental notices to be found in literature render it possible to obtain a sufficiently clear and fairly complete general view of the civil and military administration as it was
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