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A Critical Review of Ankapark, Ankara a Thesis THEME PARK AS A SOCIO-CULTURAL AND ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAM: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF ANKAPARK, ANKARA A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES OF THE MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY GÜN SU EYÜBOĞLU IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE IN ARCHITECTURE MAY 2018 Approval of the thesis: THEME PARK AS A SOCIO-CULTURAL AND ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAM: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF ANKAPARK, ANKARA submitted by GÜN SU EYÜBOĞLU in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture in Department of Architecture, Middle East Technical University by, Prof. Dr. Halil Kalıpçılar Dean, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Prof. Dr. F. Cânâ Bilsel Head of Department, Architecture Assoc. Prof. Dr. İnci Basa Supervisor, Architecture Dept., METU Examining Committee Members: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ela Alanyalı Aral Architecture Dept., METU Assoc. Prof. Dr. İnci Basa Architecture Dept., METU Prof. Dr. Zeynep Uludağ Architecture Dept., Gazi University Prof. Dr. Adnan Barlas City and Regional Planning Dept., METU Assist. Prof. Dr. Esin Kömez Dağlıoğlu Architecture Dept., METU Date: 09.05.2018 I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name: Gün Su Eyüboğlu Signature: iv ABSTRACT THEME PARK AS A SOCIO-CULTURAL AND ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAM: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF ANKAPARK, ANKARA Eyüboğlu, Gün Su M.Arch, Department of Architecture Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. İnci Basa May 2018, 178 pages Theme parks are socio-cultural amusement spaces that entwine spatiotemporal worlds within symbolic landscapes. These artificial worlds whether their source is real or imaginary are actualized with the extended tools of visual and auditory multimedia presentations. Beginning from world fairs to amusement parks, the contemporary amusement space shifted its paradigm to theme parks. The concept of theme park, as a popular amusement form that has been dismissed as part of the mass culture or popular culture, opens up a variety of discussions about the relationship of architecture to culture, identity, consumption, exhibition, recreation, and fiction. Recently, Turkey has been transpiring theme park investments on an increase with Vialand, Land of Legends and finally Ankapark. However, the concept of theme park is both unfamiliar to Turkey and the industry is out of blue. The intention of this thesis is to introduce the phenomenon “theming” with a wider debate following theme park as a multidisciplinary product. Postmodern, cognitive, spatiotemporal, expressive, cultural and urban consequences brought by theme parks are critically v reviewed in the context of Ankapark to provide a developed perspective to understand theme parks. Keywords: themed space, theme park, amusement park, spatiotemporal, Ankapark vi ÖZ SOSYO-KÜLTÜREL VE MİMARİ BİR PROGRAM OLARAK TEMA PARK: ANKAPARK, ANKARA'NIN ELEŞTİREL BİR İNCELEMESİ Eyüboğlu, Gün Su Yüksek Lisans, Mimarlık Bölümü Tez Yöneticisi: Doç. Dr. İnci Basa Mayıs 2018, 178 sayfa Tema parklar, sembolik peyzajlar aracılığyla mekânsal-zamansal dünyaları birbirine geçiren ve birbirine saran sosyo-kültürel eğlence mekânlarıdır. Kaynakları gerçek veya hayal ürünü olan bu dünyalar gelişmiş işitsel ve görsel multi-meda araçları ile oluşturulurlar. Eğlence mekânı zaman içinde dünya fuarlarından eğlence parklarına ve en sonunda tema parka dönüşmüştür. Popüler bir eğlence formu olarak tema park kavramı kitle kültürü veya popüler kültür ile anılsa da, mimarlığın kültür, kimlik, tüketim, sergileme, rekreasyon ve hikaye anlatma kabiliyeti ile ilişkileri hakkında çeşitli tartışmalar ortaya koymaktadır. Yakın zamanda Türkiye Vialand, Land of Legends ve son olarak Ankapark ile tema park yatırımlarını arttırmaktadır. Fakat tema park kavramı Türkiye için hem yabancı hem de beklenmedik bir endüstriyi işaret etmektedir. Bu tezin amacı, multi-disipliner bir ürün olan temalandırma fenomenini ve ardında gelen tartışmaları ortaya koymaktır. Tema parkların postmodern, algısal, mekânsal-zamansal, anlatımsal, kültürel ve kentsel sonuçları Ankapark bağlamında incelenerek temalandırmayı anlamak için daha gelişmiş bir bakış açısı oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: temalı mekan, tema park, mekansal-zamansal, Ankapark vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis was a result of a tough process that was supported by multiple individuals around me. First and foremost, I wish to express my gratitude to my supervisor Assoc. Prof. Dr. İnci Basa, who encouraged me not only on this subject that deeply associated with me in my unique position in Ankapark but also gave constructive criticisms and helpful comments during the whole process of developing the thesis. I should say that his thesis would not have been possible without the support and assistance she provided. I wish to thank members of the examining committee, for their valuable comments and suggestions during both the seminar course and thesis jury. I should also thank Res. Assist. Duygu Simser for her help and support during many of the steps of this study. I also want to thank Barin family for giving me an opportunity to get acquaintance with the concept of theme park and to work in Ankapark. As a member of Neo-Neon Construction and Temalipark firms in Ankapark, I also benefited comments of co- workers that I am also grateful to. Tansu Cıldır and Yağmur Karacaöğren Çemrek deserve my special thanks for sharing their opinions and helping me form a critical perspective from within the park. Finally, I must express my deepest thanks to my parents Aydın and Güneş Apaydın, as well as, Eyüboğlu family for their patience, invaluable support, and encouragement during the study. I would not accomplish this thesis without their emulations to provide a comfortable studying space for me besides their faith in me during the process. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. v ÖZ .............................................................................................................................. vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................... viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................ ix LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................... xii LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................. xiii LIST OF SCHEMES ................................................................................................ xvii CHAPTERS 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Definition of The Problem ................................................................................. 1 1.2. Theoretical Framework ..................................................................................... 5 1.3. Method .............................................................................................................. 9 1.4. Literature Review ............................................................................................ 10 1.5. Structure of the Thesis .................................................................................... 13 2. THEME AND ARCHITECTURE ......................................................................... 15 2.1. Definition of “Theme” ................................................................................... 15 2.2. Theme in Architecture .................................................................................... 16 2.3. Aetiology to Consult Theming in Spatial Organisations ................................ 18 2.4. Consumerist, Postmodern and Popular Cultural Foundations of Themed Spaces ..................................................................................................................... 21 2.5. Expressive Formation of Themed Spaces ....................................................... 29 2.6. Source Materials for Themed Spaces .............................................................. 33 2.6.1. Geography Effect as a Source Material to Create Themed Spaces .......... 34 ix 2.6.2. Art Style as a Source Material to Create Themed Spaces ........................ 35 2.6.3. Culture as a Source Material to Create Themed Spaces .......................... 36 2.6.4. Trope or Concept as a Source Material to Create Themed Spaces .......... 36 2.6.5. Other (Indirect) Sources to Create Themed Spaces ................................. 38 2.7. Categorization of Themed Spaces ................................................................... 39 2.7.1. Themed Restaurant/Café/Bar ................................................................... 40 2.7.2. Themed Dwelling ..................................................................................... 42 2.7.3. Themed Hotels ......................................................................................... 43 3. THEME PARKS .................................................................................................... 45 3.1. Definitions ......................................................................................................
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