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Stump, Morphotactics Lecture 2, 7-10-17.Pdf
7-6-17 Morphotactics 1 1. Canonical typology 2. Canonical inflection 3. Canonical morphotactics 7-6-17 Morphotactics 2 1. Canonical typology ✔ ︎ 2. Canonical inflection ✔ ︎ 3. Canonical morphotactics 7-10-17 Morphotactics 3 First off, what is morphotactics? The internal patterns according to which a language’s complex word forms are defined constitute its morphotactics. In the morpheme-based approaches to morphology that emerged in the twentieth century, a language’s morphotactic principles are constraints on the concatenation of morphemes (a perspective still held by many linguists). In rule-based conceptions of morphology, by contrast, a language’s morphotactic principles are constraints on the interaction of its rules of morphology in the definition of a word form. 7-10-17 Morphotactics 4 First off, what is morphotactics? The internal patterns according to which a language’s complex word forms are defined constitute its morphotactics. In the morpheme-based approaches to morphology that emerged in the twentieth century, a language’s morphotactic principles are constraints on the concatenation of morphemes (a perspective still held by many linguists). In rule-based conceptions of morphology, by contrast, a language’s morphotactic principles are constraints on the interaction of its rules of morphology in the definition of a word form. 7-10-17 Morphotactics 5 First off, what is morphotactics? The internal patterns according to which a language’s complex word forms are defined constitute its morphotactics. In the morpheme-based approaches to morphology that emerged in the twentieth century, a language’s morphotactic principles are constraints on the concatenation of morphemes (a perspective still held by many linguists). -
British Association
BRITISH ASSOCIATION for the STUDY OF RELIGIONS BULLETIN No 97 November 2002 The BASR COMMITTEE Ms Peggy Morgan President and Chair Home: 01865 556464 Dr Helen Waterhouse Hon Treasurer Work: 01908 659028 h.j.waterhouse@ open.ac.uk Dr James L. Cox Hon Secretary Work: 0131 650 8900 [email protected] Dr George D. Chryssides Bulletin Editor Work: 01902 323523 [email protected] Dr Marion Bowman Conference Organiser Work: 01908 659381 m.i.bowman@ open.ac.uk Dr Mathew Guest Occasional Papers EditorWork 0191-374 3937 [email protected] The British Association for the Study of Religions (BASR), formerly the British Association for the History of Religions (founded in 1954), is affiliated to the European Association for the Study of Religions (EASR) and to the International Association for the History of Religions (IAHR), whose object is the promotion of the academic study of religions through international interdisciplinary collaboration. The BASR pursues these aims within the United Kingdom through the arrangement of conferences and symposia, the publication of a Bulletin and an Annual General Meeting. Membership of the BASR is open to scholars whose work has a bearing on the academic study of religions and who are normally resident in the United Kingdom. Those interested in membership may apply directly by writing to the Hon Secretary to whom all general correspondence concerning the BASR should be sent: Dr James L Cox, University of Edinburgh, New College, Mound Place, Edinburgh EH1 2LX. Correspondence concerning the Bulletin, including information and contributions, should be addressed to Dr George D. -
Islam in Africa
Order Code RS22873 May 9, 2008 Islam in Africa Hussein D. Hassan Information Research Specialist Knowledge Services Group Summary The attacks on U.S. soil on September 11, 2001, coupled with the rise of militant transnational Islamism, have prompted both the Bush Administration and the U.S. Congress to reassess foreign policy in Africa and to begin to give considerable attention to Africa’s Muslim populations and it’s failed and failing states. Some experts have noted that Africa’s failing and failed states may serve as a breeding ground for terrorists.1 In response to terrorist threats, the United States, in partnership with countries across Africa, has developed a range of strategies to help regional governments face the challenge of terror. Since September 11, 2001, the size of U.S. diplomatic missions in sub-Saharan African countries with large Muslim populations has increased. Presently, there are 45 active embassies in sub-Saharan Africa, including 16 new compounds built since 2001. Most recently, President Bush returned from a five-country visit to Africa, his second trip to the continent. Some observers view these trips as reflective of the Administration’s focus, which has seen increasing American engagement with the continent in recent years.2 For further information on U.S. policy in Africa, see CRS Report RL34003, Africa Command: U.S. Strategic Interests and the Role of the U.S. Military in Africa, by Lauren Ploch; and CRS Report RL31772 U.S. Trade and Investment Relationship with Sub-Saharan Africa: The African Growth and Opportunity Act and Beyond, by Danielle Langton. -
Religious Extremism in Sub-Saharan Africa
UNHCR Emergency & Security Service WRITENET Paper No. 19/2001 RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA By Irving Hexham Professor of Religious Studies University of Calgary March 2002 (Revised September 2002) WriteNet is a Network of Researchers and Writers on Human Rights, Forced Migration, Ethnic and Political Conflict WriteNet is a Subsidiary of Practical Management (UK) E-mail: [email protected] THIS PAPER WAS PREPARED MAINLY ON THE BASIS OF PUBLICLY AVAILABLE INFORMATION, ANALYSIS AND COMMENT. ALL SOURCES ARE CITED. THE PAPER IS NOT, AND DOES NOT PURPORT TO BE, EITHER EXHAUSTIVE WITH REGARD TO CONDITIONS IN THE COUNTRY SURVEYED, OR CONCLUSIVE AS TO THE MERITS OF ANY PARTICULAR CLAIM TO REFUGEE STATUS OR ASYLUM. THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN THE PAPER ARE THOSE OF THE AUTHOR AND ARE NOT NECESSARILY THOSE OF WRITENET OR UNHCR. ISSN 1020-8429 Table of Contents 1 Introduction........................................................................................1 1.1 Identifying Religious Extremism in Africa................................................1 1.2 Some Definitions to Help Identify Religious Movements.........................1 1.3 Geographic Divisions...................................................................................3 2 Historical Background ......................................................................4 2.1 Spirit Mediums and Traditionalists in Africa...........................................4 2.2 Christianity in Africa...................................................................................4 -
Focus in Atlantic Languages Stéphane Robert
Focus in Atlantic languages Stéphane Robert To cite this version: Stéphane Robert. Focus in Atlantic languages. Ines Fiedler and Anne Schwarz. The Expression of Information Structure. A documentation of its diversity across Africa., John Benjamins, pp.233-260, 2010, Typological Studies in Language 91, 10.1075/tsl.91.09rob. halshs-00724855 HAL Id: halshs-00724855 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00724855 Submitted on 2 Mar 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 In Fiedler, Ines and Anne Schwarz (eds.), 2010, The Expression of Information Structure. A documentation of its diversity across Africa. Amsterdam: John Benjamins: 233-260 [Typological Studies in Language 91]. https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.91.09rob Prefinal version Focus in Atlantic languages Stéphane ROBERT LLACAN, INALCO, CNRS stephane.robert@ cnrs.fr Abstract: This paper presents an overview of the formal markings characteristic of focus in Atlantic languages and reflection on some problematic uses of focused forms. A common (but not universal) feature of these languages is the use of verb morphology (in various ways) to express focus. What is most remarkable in several Atlantic languages (and apparently specific to this group) is that (1) verb forms indicate the syntactic status of the focused constituent; (2) these verb forms often merge focus, aspect, and voice features. -
Women and Islamic Cultures: a Bibliography of Books and Articles in European Languages Since 1993
Women and Islamic Cultures: A Bibliography of Books and Articles in European Languages since 1993 General Editor Suad Joseph Compiled by: G. J. Rober C. H. Bleaney V. Shepherd Originally Published in EWIC Volume I: Methodologies, Paradigms and Sources 2003 BRILL AFGHANISTAN 453 Afghanistan Articles 22 ACHINGER, G. Formal and nonformal education of Books female Afghan refugees: experiences in the rural NWFP refugee camps. Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies. Alam-e-Niswan, 3 i (1996) pp.33-42. 1 ARMSTRONG, Sally. Veiled threat: the hidden power of the women of Afghanistan. Toronto & London: Penguin, 23 CENTLIVRES-DEMONT, M. Les femmes dans le conflit 2002. 221pp. afghan. SGMOIK/SSMOCI Bulletin, 2 (1996) pp.16-18. 2 BRODSKY, Anne E. With all our strength: the 24 COOKE, Miriam. Saving brown women. Signs, 28 i Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan. (2002) pp.468-470-. Also online at http:// London: Routledge, 2003. 320pp. www.journals.uchicago.edu [From section headed "Gender and September 11". US attitude to Afghan women.] 3 (BROWN, A.Widney, BOKHARI, Farhat & others) Humanity denied: systematic denial of women's rights in 25 CORNELL, Drucilla. For RAWA. Signs, 28 i (2002) Afghanistan. New York: Human Rights Watch, 2001 pp.433-435. Also online at http:// (Human Rights Watch, 13/5), 27pp. Also online at www.journals.uchicago.edu [Revolutionary Association www.hrw.org/reports/2001/afghan3 of the Women of Afghanistan. From section headed "Gender and September 11"] 4 DELLOYE, Isabelle. Femmes d'Afghanistan. Paris: Phébus, 2002. 186pp. 26 DUPREE, N. H. Afghan women under the Taliban. Fundamentalism reborn? Afghanistan and the Taliban. -
Mau Mau) Struggle for Kenya's Independence
Syracuse University SURFACE Pan African Studies - Theses College of Arts and Sciences 5-2013 "Thaai thathaiyai Ngai thaai": Narratives of Rituals, Agency, and Resistance in the KLFA (Mau Mau) Struggle for Kenya's Independence Henry Muoki Mbunga Syracuse University Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/panaf_theis Part of the African History Commons, and the African Studies Commons Recommended Citation Mbunga, Henry Muoki, ""Thaai thathaiyai Ngai thaai": Narratives of Rituals, Agency, and Resistance in the KLFA (Mau Mau) Struggle for Kenya's Independence" (2013). Pan African Studies - Theses. 4. https://surface.syr.edu/panaf_theis/4 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Arts and Sciences at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pan African Studies - Theses by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract The purpose of this project is to examine the role of rituals in the Mau Mau struggle for Kenya’s independence. Traditionally, research on the Mau Mau has focused on the political and socio-economic aspects of Kenya’s anti-colonial struggle. As a result, the place of spirituality and, in particular, the role of rituals in the Mau Mau struggle has largely been ignored in existing literature. Initially, when KLFA rituals were studied at the height of the Mau Mau struggle, the task was undertaken by colonial anthropologists and psychologists who were often unable to escape the snare of racist and Eurocentric prejudices in their analyses. Subsequent revisionist studies have attempted to be more objective in their analyses, but the focus has mainly been on the elements and details surrounding the actual ceremonies, at the expense of how these rituals impacted individual freedom fighters. -
1 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview of the West Atlantic Languages As Wolof Has Not Been Widely Studied in the Generative Trad
Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview of the West Atlantic Languages As Wolof has not been widely studied in the generative tradition, this section will serve to situate it in phyletic and geographic context. Wolof is a member of the Atlantic (or “West Atlantic”) sub-branch of the Niger-Congo family. Although classification schemes differ, it is generally agreed that the Atlantic subfamily represents one of the earliest branchings within the Niger-Congo phylum (Greenberg 1963, Ruhlen 1991, Heine and Nurse 2000). In fact, as a group, the Atlantic languages are unfortunately largely understudied. With the exception of Fula, linguistic materials on the Atlantic languages are typically scarce and scattered. These range from descriptions and traditional traditional grammars to pedagogical works, word lists, and dictionaries. Within the descriptive tradition, detailed linguistic works and grammars have been written for Fula (Sylla 1992), Kissi (Childs 1995), and Noon (Soukka 2000), for example. The most widely studied Atlantic language is Fula, which has a descriptive literature and a fair number of analytical works. Note though, that it has been the phonological system of Fula that has attracted the attention of most scholars. After Fula, the number of analytical and descriptive works drops precipitously. Even Wolof, one of the national languages of Senegal, has been little investigated overall. Within the literature on Wolof, it has been the phonological system that has been the center of study, especially vowel harmony (Ka 1989, Ndiaye 1995, Sy 2003).1 Descriptive works on Wolof include Diagne 1971, Mangold 1977, Church 1981, Dialo 1981, and Ka 1981. The only extensive analytical treatments of Wolof syntax are Njie 1981 and Dunigan 1994.2 Wolof is a member of the Senegambian group of the Northern branch in Atlantic. -
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Christianity and Islam: Lessons from Africa J
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Brigham Young University Law School BYU Law Review Volume 1998 | Issue 2 Article 5 5-1-1998 Christianity and Islam: Lessons from Africa J. Paul Martin Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.byu.edu/lawreview Part of the Christianity Commons, Human Rights Law Commons, Other Religion Commons, and the Religion Law Commons Recommended Citation J. Paul Martin, Christianity and Islam: Lessons from Africa, 1998 BYU L. Rev. 401 (1998). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.byu.edu/lawreview/vol1998/iss2/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Brigham Young University Law Review at BYU Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in BYU Law Review by an authorized editor of BYU Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. D:\ 1998-2\ FINAL\ MAR-FIN.WPD Ja n. 8, 2001 Ch ristia nit y a nd I slam: Less ons fr om Africa J. Paul Martin * I. INTRODUCTION As we end the twentieth cen tury t her e is a resurgen ce of interest in religion an d the r ole it plays in our lives.1 Religion and, un fortu na tely conflicts tha t a re religiously defined ha ve returned to center stage in world polit ics.2 After years of ne- glect, more a cademics are exa min in g r eligiou s beliefs and p rac- tices. They recognize, perhaps, the de facto role r eligion plays in the lives of large segment s of the ear th ’s populat ion and in the decisions of many world leaders. -
Terrorism in West African History: a 21St Century Appraisal
Austral: Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations e-ISSN 2238-6912 | ISSN 2238-6262| v.4, n.8, Jul./Dec. 2015 | p.78-99 TERRORISM IN WEST AFRICAN HISTORY: A 21ST CENTURY APPRAISAL Walter Gam Nkwi1 Introduction: conceptual and historical background The word terrorism has received increased and exaggerated attention recently more particularly since the 11 September 2001 attacks in the Unit- ed States of America. Since then there have been several attacks on various governments, countries, foreign embassies, hijacking of airplanes, kidnap- pings of foreign and Western workers, drug trafficking and abduction of sex workers in almost all parts of the world. Yet what constitutes terrorism in terms of the definition is as varied as the different perspectives advanced by several scholars with divergent backgrounds. (Bolaji 2010; Hoffman 1998; Hutchinson and O’Mallery 2007; Wardlaw 1982; Warren 2012; Toros 2008). This problem arises because it is not exact what terrorism is and according to whose perspectives. What one person will see as terrorism will be seen in another perspective as not terror. The debate on what constitutes terrorism reached the corridors of the United Nations Security Council in 2013. In his opening speech, the United Nations Secretary General, Ban Ki-moon, said inter alia: “(…) opportunistic links between terrorist and transnational organ- ized criminal groups ensure the constant flow of people, money, weapons and illicit goods across borders, allowing such groups to survive and proliferate (…)” (Omuoha 2013). The UN Secretary was defining terrorism in relation to transnational organize crime which in itself has occupied much research in West Africa. Drug trafficking and prostitution have all occupied scholarship as transna- tional organized crimes in West Africa. -
List of Maps
List of Maps 1. The Early Africa ........................................................................................ 43 2. Early Christianity in Egypt.. ...................................................................... 74 3. Early Christianity in Nubia ...................................................................... 116 4. European Discovery of Africa between the 1400s and the 1700s .......... .139 5. Early Roman Catholic Missions in West Africa ...................................... 171 6. The Gospel into the Heart of Africa (1790-1890) ................................... 217 7. Early Missions in East Africa .................................................................. 256 8. Early Missions in Southern Africa (1790s-1860s) .................................. 257 9. Principal Locations of African Instituted Churches ................................ 308 10 Contemporary Africa ............................................................................... 515 Digitised by the University of Pretoria, Library Services, 2013 Subjects, Names of Places and People Acts, 48, 49, 50, 76, 85, 232, A 266,298,389,392,422,442, AACC, 283, 356, 359, 360, 365, 537 393,400,449,453,470,487, Acts of the Apostles, 232, 389, 489,491,492 422 Aachen, x Ad Din Abaraha, 106 Salah ad Din, 98 Abdallah Adal, 110 Muhammad Ahmad ibn Adegoke Abdallah, 124 John Adegoke, 507 Abduh Adesius Muhammad Abduh, 133 Sidrakos Adesius, 106 Abdullah Arabs, 100 Abdullah, 128 Ado game Abeng A. Adogame, iv, 312,510 N. Abeng, x Afe Adogame, vi, 37, 41, 309, Abiodun