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IRAN UNDER SANCTIONS Iran’S Economy Has Been Under Sanctions in One Form Or Another Since the 1979 Revolution
IRAN UNDER IRANSANCTIONS UNDER SANCTIONS U.S. SanctionsU.S. Sanctions and Iran’s Energy Strategy and Iran’s EnergySARA VAKHSHOURI Strategy SARA VAKHSHOURI ABOUT IRAN UNDER SANCTIONS Iran’s economy has been under sanctions in one form or another since the 1979 revolution. Yet little systematic knowledge exists on the short- and medium-term impacts of sanctions on the growth patterns of the Iranian economy, the general welfare of its people in the cities and rural areas, societal dynamics, civic space, and the country’s environment. The focus has often been on a few metrics that flare up with tightening of sanctions: currency depreciation, inflation, and recession, which are then followed by increases in unemployment and poverty. But the more comprehensive picture is lost in political cacophony around the policy’s merits. This is the gap that SAIS is filling with its Iran Under Sanctions project, which is a 360-degree in-depth view on the implications of sanctions on Iran. This first-of-its-kind research provides for an instructive case study on the use of sanctions as a tool of statecraft. For any questions or feedback on the project, please reach out to Ali Vaez at [email protected]. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Sara Vakhshouri is the founder and president of SVB Energy International, a strategic energy consulting firm with offices in Washington, DC, and Dubai. She has more than two decades of experience working in the energy industry and has extensive experience in global energy market studies, energy strategy, energy security, and geopolitical risk. She has consulted with numerous public and private entities, as well as policy leaders and international organizations, including the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the International Energy Agency (IEA), and the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). -
Federal Register/Vol. 85, No. 63/Wednesday, April 1, 2020/Notices
18334 Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 63 / Wednesday, April 1, 2020 / Notices DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY a.k.a. CHAGHAZARDY, MohammadKazem); Subject to Secondary Sanctions; Gender DOB 21 Jan 1962; nationality Iran; Additional Male; Passport D9016371 (Iran) (individual) Office of Foreign Assets Control Sanctions Information—Subject to Secondary [IRAN]. Sanctions; Gender Male (individual) Identified as meeting the definition of the Notice of OFAC Sanctions Actions [NPWMD] [IFSR] (Linked To: BANK SEPAH). term Government of Iran as set forth in Designated pursuant to section 1(a)(iv) of section 7(d) of E.O. 13599 and section AGENCY: Office of Foreign Assets E.O. 13382 for acting or purporting to act for 560.304 of the ITSR, 31 CFR part 560. Control, Treasury. or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, BANK 11. SAEEDI, Mohammed; DOB 22 Nov ACTION: Notice. SEPAH, a person whose property and 1962; Additional Sanctions Information— interests in property are blocked pursuant to Subject to Secondary Sanctions; Gender SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of the E.O. 13382. Male; Passport W40899252 (Iran) (individual) Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets 3. KHALILI, Jamshid; DOB 23 Sep 1957; [IRAN]. Control (OFAC) is publishing the names Additional Sanctions Information—Subject Identified as meeting the definition of the of one or more persons that have been to Secondary Sanctions; Gender Male; term Government of Iran as set forth in Passport Y28308325 (Iran) (individual) section 7(d) of E.O. 13599 and section placed on OFAC’s Specially Designated [IRAN]. 560.304 of the ITSR, 31 CFR part 560. Nationals and Blocked Persons List Identified as meeting the definition of the 12. -
Geopolitics of the Iranian Nuclear Energy Program
Geopolitics of the Iranian Nuclear Energy Program But Oil and Gas Still Matter CENTER FOR STRATEGIC & CSIS INTERNATIONAL STUDIES A Report of the CSIS Energy and National Security Program 1800 K Street, NW | Washington, DC 20006 author Tel: (202) 887-0200 | Fax: (202) 775-3199 Robert E. Ebel E-mail: [email protected] | Web: www.csis.org March 2010 ISBN 978-0-89206-600-1 CENTER FOR STRATEGIC & Ë|xHSKITCy066001zv*:+:!:+:! CSIS INTERNATIONAL STUDIES Geopolitics of the Iranian Nuclear Energy Program But Oil and Gas Still Matter A Report of the CSIS Energy and National Security Program author Robert E. Ebel March 2010 About CSIS In an era of ever-changing global opportunities and challenges, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) provides strategic insights and practical policy solutions to decision- makers. CSIS conducts research and analysis and develops policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change. Founded by David M. Abshire and Admiral Arleigh Burke at the height of the Cold War, CSIS was dedicated to the simple but urgent goal of finding ways for America to survive as a nation and prosper as a people. Since 1962, CSIS has grown to become one of the world’s preeminent public policy institutions. Today, CSIS is a bipartisan, nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. More than 220 full-time staff and a large network of affiliated scholars focus their expertise on defense and security; on the world’s regions and the unique challenges inherent to them; and on the issues that know no boundary in an increasingly connected world. -
010 30060Nys090216 5
New York Science Journal 2016;9(2) http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork Rating of firms involved in Tehran Stock Exchange based on the accounting and non-accounting criteria using Fuzzy Topsis method Abdollah Kaabi Department of Accounting, Persian Gulf International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramshahr, Iran [email protected] Abstract: In this study, companies operating in the Tehran Stock Exchange based on accounting standards (which are directly derived from the Company's financial statement data) include: Cash conversion cycle, liquidity, capital structure, return on assets and the size of the company and also non-accounting criteria for performance evaluation include: Economic value added, Jensen's alpha, Sharpe Ratio and proportion Trainor, using Fuzzy Topsis method ranked and with ranking based on the Tehran Stock Exchange indices were compared and their correlation were obtained. The main objective of this study is to determine whether the company according to reports from Tehran Stock Exchange is ranked top among other companies, in ranking based on accounting and non-accounting criteria for evaluating the performance of other companies is higher or not. The research method used for this study was survey. To do the calculations and analyze the spreadsheet data software (Excel) and to test hypotheses 16 Spss and Spearman correlation coefficient was used. The results of hypothesis testing and correlation analysis shows that between ranking companies of Stock Exchange based on stock indexes and ranking based on accounting and non- accounting variables, there is a weak correlation and the ranking of the exchange only in terms of liquidity and return on assets, of accounting standards, and of non accounting standards with Jensen's alpha coefficient and Economic value added, there is a significant relationship. -
Wind and Solar Energy Developments in Iran
WIND AND SOLAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENTS IN IRAN H. Kazemi Karegara,b, A.Zahedia,V. Ohisa, G. taleghanib and M. Khalajib aDepartment of Electrical & Computer Systems Engineering, PO Box 35, Monash University, Victoria 3800 bCentre of Renewable Energy Research and Application, North Amir Abad, Tehran/Iran Abstract This paper presents the potential for wind and solar energy in Iran and shows how much electric energy is now produced by renewable power plants compared to steam and gas. The importance of renewable energy effects on Iran’s environment and economy is also discussed and the issue of the contribution of renewable energy for producing electricity in the future will be shown. Also this paper highlights the ability of Iran to manufacture the components of the wind turbine and solar system locally, and its effect on the price of wind turbine and solar energy. Key Words: Renewable Energy, Wind Turbine, Solar Energy 1. INTRODUCTION 2. RENEWABLE ENERGY MOTIVATION IN IRAN Iran is known as the second largest oil production member in Organization of Petrol Export Country (OPEC) with The necessity of renewable energy in Iran can be categorized production near 3.5 million barrel oil per day and accounts in two main issues: a) Environmental pollution and b) More for roughly 5% of global oil outputs. Also, Iran contains an oil and gas export. estimated 812 Trillion Cubic Feet (TFC) in proven natural gas reserves, surpassed only by Russia in the world [1]. As mentioned before, the most important environmental problem that Iran faces is air pollution. Since 1980, carbon Electric power generation installed in Iran is about 32.5 Giga emission in Iran has increased 240% from 33.1 million Watts (GW) with more than 87% being from thermal natural metric tons to 79.4 million metric tons in 1998 [3] and is still gas fired power plant. -
Credit Rating Companies with Multi-Criteria Decision Making Models and Artificial Neural Network Model
J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res., 3(5)536-546, 2013 ISSN 2090-4304 Journal of Basic and Applied © 2013, TextRoad Publication Scientific Research www.textroad.com Credit Rating Companies with Multi-Criteria Decision Making Models and Artificial Neural Network Model Maghsoud Amiri1, Mehdi Biglari Kami*2 1Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran 2Institute of Higher Education Raja, Qazvin, Iran ABSTRACT This research seeks to develop a procedure for credit rating of manufacturing corporations accepted in Tehran stock exchange. So, financial ratios of 181 manufacturing corporations in Iran stock exchange were extracted, These ratios reflect the financial ability to pay principal and interest of loan. Initially, fifty selected corporations ranked by using TOPSIS method based on financial ratios by using of Shannon entropy will be obtained the weight of each criterion. In addition, classification credit with neural network has compared by logistic regression; and finally, each had more credibility, used to rank all corporations. Then all corporations have classified by neural network. Finally, the neural network classification results compared with the expert classification. About 95% of the neural network data has placed in its respective class, and the data results indicated a robust neural network classification based on training. The neural network offered far more accurate answer than the logistic regression in this classification. At the end, the neural network ranked all corporations, and neural network classification results compared with expert opinion, showing that the neural network classification was very close to an expert opinion. KEYWORDS: Financial ratios; TOPSIS; Artificial neural network; Logistic regression. INTRODUCTION Today, the credit industry plays an important role in the economy of corporations. -
Members of Iranian Oil, Gas & Petrochemical Products Exporters
Members of Iranian Oil, Gas & Petrochemical Products Exporters’ Union No. Name of Company Web Products 1. Abadan Petrochemical Co. www.abadan.petro.com PVC Paraffin, Solid / Liquid, Vaselin, 2. Afra Shimi Yazd Co. www.afrashimi.com Foots Oil Import & Export Lubricant 3. Afzoon Ravan Co. www.afzoonravan.com Additives, Import & Export Lubricant Oil’s Furfural Extract, Paraffin, Oil 4. Alborz Chelic Iran Co. www.alborzchelic.com Products 5. Alborz Palayesh Eshtehard Co www.apec-ref.com Thinner 6. Alborz Rouzbehan Invesment Invesment Paraffin Wax, Residue Wax, 7. Ali Mohammad Jabarouti Trading www.jabarouti.com Foots Oil 8. Ali Pardazan Atiye Co. www.apainterco.com Bitumen Paraffin Wax, Foots Oil, RPO, 9. Ali Reza Zarenejad Trading www.zarenejadtrdg.com Base Oil 10. Alvan Sadegh Toos Co. Petrochemicals 11. Apadana Petro Bazargan Co. www.apadana-petro.com Hydrocarbons, Oil products 12. Aram Oil Co. www.aramoilco.com Extract, Bitumen 13. Arash Mahya Paraffin Manufacturing Co. www.arashmahya.com Paraffin Wax, Residue Wax Gas, Oil, Petroleum, Gas Oil L20- 14. Araz Shimi Jolfa Co. www.arazshimi.com L62, Light Oil, Mazout, Cyclic and non-CYCLIC hydrocarbons Base Oil , Motor Oil & Industrial 15. Aria Jam Oil Industries CO Oil 16. Aria Sanat Behineh Co. www.arialubricant.ir Oil, Grease, Anti Freeze 17. Arian Atlas Motor Oil Co. Motor Oil, Gear Oil 18. Arkan Gas Co. www.arkangas.com Gas & Petrochemical Products Bitumen,base Slack Wax Oil & و Armities Persia Co. www.armities.com .19 Petrochemical Products 20. Arvand Shimi Sorour Co. Oil, Grease Paraffin, Foots Oil, Furfural 21. Aryaparaffin Co. www.aryaparaffinco.com Extract, White Oil 22. -
April & May 2010 No.43-44, Volume 4
ran nvestment TURQUOISE Monthly April & May 2010 Volume 4, No 43-44 PARTNERS THIS MONTH Market Overview 2 Over the course of March and April, the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) performed strongly and hit a 3-year record high in trade volumes, due to further gains in global prices of commodities and crude oil in March. However, towards the end of April, and in line with a downturn in global commodities market, the TSE showed signals of a trend reversal. Turquoise Iran Equity Investments 5 This section provides data and charts on the performance of all portfolios of Turquoise Iran Equity Investments for the month of April. Country Overview 7 Iran’s state budget for the new Iranian Calendar year and the government’s plans to reduce Tehran’s population will be discussed in this section. Economy 9 Iran’s Economy in 1388, the new foreign investment law, Tejarat Bank’s credit rating and the South Pars field Euro bonds will be covered in this section. Iran Investment Monthly is produced by Turquoise Partners, No. 17 East Gord Alley, Turquoise Partners. Distributed electroni- Bidar St., Fayyazi (Fereshteh) Ave. cally by exclusive subscription. Tel :+98 21 220 35 830 Fax :+98 21 220 49 260 Chief Editor: Ramin Rabii Email : [email protected] Consulting Editor: Eddie Kerman To find out more about Turquoise Partners, Authors: Shervin Shahriari visit our website at: Ali Mashayekhi www.turquoisepartners.com. Iran Khodro’s Production Line in Tehran , Iran ‘s Largest Car Manufacturer , Iran ‘s Largest Tehran Production Line in Iran Khodro’s © 2010 All rights reserved Market Overview 2 March 2010 In March, the Tehran Stock Exchange bucked its historical trend. -
Journal of Applied Science and Agriculture a Study on The
Journal of Applied Science and Agriculture, 9(10) August 2014, Pages: 68-77 AENSI Journals Journal of Applied Science and Agriculture ISSN 1816-9112 Journal home page: www.aensiweb.com/JASA A Study on the Relationship between Financing Methods and Economic Value Added: A Case Study 1Reza Rasouli, 1Farhad Nejadirani, 2Esmaeel Javandoust and 3Masoud Behravesh 1Department of Management, College of Literature and Human Sciences, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran. 2Department of Management, Payam Noor University, P.O.Box 19395-3697 Tehran, Iran. 3Young Researchers and Elite Club, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: The main objective of this study is to examine if there is a meaningful relationship Received 15 April 2014 between financing methods of enterprises allowed in Tehran stock exchange market Received in revised form 22 May and their added value, or not. To serve this objective, I will define concepts of 2014 financing methods, cost of capital, balanced average of cost of capital, elements Accepted 25 May 2014 constituting balanced average of cost of capital, economic value added, and Available online 15 July 2014 consequently I will explain methods of calculating each concept. A set of required data for a three-year time period from enterprises of various industries engaged in Keywords: Tehran stock exchange market has been gathered. Afterwards, the data were Financing, Economic Value Added summarized and categorized. To analyze these data, descriptive and inferential (EVA), Tehran Stock Exchange statistical methods (regression and Pearson test) were used. Results show that there is Market (TSE). a meaningful relationship between financing methods of enterprises allowed in Tehran stock exchange market and their value added. -
The Political Economy of the IRGC's Involvement in the Iranian Oil and Gas Industry
The Political Economy of the IRGC’s involvement in the Iranian Oil and Gas Industry: A Critical Analysis MSc Political Science (Political Economy) Thesis Research Project: The Political Economy of Energy University of Amsterdam, Graduate School of Social Sciences 5th June 2020 Author: Hamed Saidi Supervisor: Dr. M. P. (Mehdi) Amineh (1806679) Second reader: Dr. S. (Said) Rezaeiejan [This page is intentionally left blank] 2 Table of Contents Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................ 3 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................... 6 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................... 7 Maps ................................................................................................................................................ 8 List of Figures and Tables ................................................................................................................. 10 List of Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................ 11 I: RESEARCH DESIGN .................................................................................................................................... 13 1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ -
A Review on Energy and Renewable Energy Policies in Iran
sustainability Review A Review on Energy and Renewable Energy Policies in Iran Saeed Solaymani Department of Economics, Faculty of Administration and Economics, Arak University, Arak 38156879, Iran; [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +98-8632621000 Abstract: Iran, endowed with abundant renewable and non-renewable energy resources, particularly non-renewable resources, faces challenges such as air pollution, climate change and energy security. As a leading exporter and consumer of fossil fuels, it is also attempting to use renewable energy as part of its energy mix toward energy security and sustainability. Due to its favorable geographic char- acteristics, Iran has diverse and accessible renewable sources, which provide appropriate substitutes to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Therefore, this study aims to examine trends in energy demand, policies and development of renewable energies and the causal relationship between renewable and non-renewable energies and economic growth using two methodologies. This study first reviews the current state of energy and energy policies and then employs Granger causality analysis to test the relationships between the variables considered. Results showed that renewable energy technologies currently do not have a significant and adequate role in the energy supply of Iran. To encourage the use of renewable energy, especially in electricity production, fuel diversification policies and development program goals were introduced in the late 2000s and early 2010s. Diversifying energy resources is a key pillar of Iran’s new plan. In addition to solar and hydropower, biomass from the municipal waste from large cities and other agricultural products, including fruits, can be used to generate energy and renewable sources. -
Annual Report Annual Report
Tehran Stock Exchange Annual Report Exchange 2011 Stock Tehran Tehran Stock Exchange Address: No.228,Hafez Ave. Tehran - Iran Tel: (+98 021) 66704130 - 66700309 - 66700219 Fax: (+98 021) 66702524 Zip Code: 1138964161 Gun-metal relief discovered in Lorestan prov- ince, among the Achaemedian dynasty’s (550-330 BC)Antiquities. Featuring four men, hand in hands, indicating unity and cooperation; standing inside circles of 2011 globe,which is it, according to Iranian ancient myths, put on the back of two cows, ANNUAL symbols of intelligence and prosperity. Tehran Stock Exchange Implementation: CAPITAL&MARKET REPORT ANNUAL REPORT Tehran Stock Exchange 2011 Tehran Stock Exchange Tehran www.tse.ir Annual Report 2011 2 Tehran Stock Exchange Tehran www.tse.ir Mission Statement To develop a fair, efficient and transparent market equipped with diversified instruments and easy access in order to create added value for the stakeholders. Vision To be the region’s leading Exchange and country’s economic growth driver. Goals To increase the capital market’s share in financing the economic productive activities. To apply the effective rules and procedures to protect the market’s integrity and shareholders’ equity. To expand the market through using updated and efficient technology and processes. To promote financial literacy and develop investing and shareholding culture in Iran. To extend and facilitate the market access through information technology. To create value for shareholders and comply with transparency and accountability principles, with cooperation