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VOL 1, No 35 (2019) Sciences of Europe (Praha, Czech Republic) VOL 1, No 35 (2019) Sciences of Europe (Praha, Czech Republic) ISSN 3162-2364 The journal is registered and published in Czech Republic. Articles in all spheres of sciences are published in the journal. Journal is published in Czech, English, Polish, Russian, Chinese, German and French. Articles are accepted each month. Frequency: 12 issues per year. Format - A4 All articles are reviewed Free access to the electronic version of journal All manuscripts are peer reviewed by experts in the respective field. Authors of the manuscripts bear responsibil- ity for their content, credibility and reliability. Editorial board doesn’t expect the manuscripts’ authors to always agree with its opinion. Chief editor: Petr Bohacek Managing editor: Michal Hudecek Jiří Pospíšil (Organic and Medicinal Chemistry) Zentiva Jaroslav Fähnrich (Organic Chemistry) Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Smirnova Oksana K., Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Department of History (Moscow, Russia); Rasa Boháček – Ph.D. člen Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze Naumov Jaroslav S., MD, Ph.D., assistant professor of history of medicine and the social sciences and humanities. (Kiev, Ukraine) Viktor Pour – Ph.D. člen Univerzita Pardubice Petrenko Svyatoslav, PhD in geography, lecturer in social and economic geography. (Kharkov, Ukraine) Karel Schwaninger – Ph.D. člen Vysoká škola báňská – Technická univerzita Ostrava Kozachenko Artem Leonidovich, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Department of History (Moscow, Russia); Václav Pittner -Ph.D. člen Technická univerzita v Liberci Dudnik Oleg Arturovich, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, De- partment of Physical and Mathematical management methods. (Chernivtsi, Ukraine) Konovalov Artem Nikolaevich, Doctor of Psychology, Professor, Chair of General Psy- chology and Pedagogy. (Minsk, Belarus) «Sciences of Europe» - Editorial office: Křižíkova 384/101 Karlín, 186 00 Praha E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.european-science.org CONTENT AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Maksimov V.P., Ushakov A.E. THE CHISEL SLOPING LAND PARAMETERS SUBSURFACE WALL ..................................................... 3 ARCHITECTURE Jengız C. ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS DURING THE REIGN OF SELJUG EMPIRE ...................................................... 7 ART STUDIES Selezneva N. COMPONENTS AND STRUCTURE OF CHOIRMASTER’S PROFESSIONALISM AS A HOLISTIC PERSONAL QUALITY ...................................................................... 9 TECHNICAL SCIENCES Avchiyev Sh.K. Ivanko A., Ivanko M., Kolesnikova O., TO THE ISSUE OF INSTALLATION OF TRACKING Kulikova E., Vinokur A. SYSTEMS FOR SOLAR INSTALLATIONS ....................... 16 COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY AND UNMANNED VEHICLES ................................................................... 39 Azizov T. ACCOUNT OF NONLINEAR PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE Karpyuk V.M., Karpyuk I.A., Pancheva N.V. WHEN TURNING REINFORCED CONCRETE STEM PILE FOUNDATIONS IN THE CONSTRUCTED ELEMENTS ................................................................. 19 CONDITIONS OF THE CITY ......................................... 49 Bigazina A. Levin A.B., Lopatnikov M.V., Khromenko A.V. FORESIGHT METHODS IN THE NATIONAL PROJECTS 22 INFLUENCE OF UNEVIDENT MOISTURE ON ULIMATE ANALYSIS OF VOLATILE MATTER AT WOOD Bogopolskiy V.O. ABOUT SOME CHANGES IN FILTERING RESISTANCE OF PYROLYSIS .................................................................. 51 THE FORM IN INTRA PLASTIC COMBUSTION IN Novruzova S.G., Aliyev I.N. COMBINATION WITH FOAMY SYSTEMS .................... 25 DETERMINATION OF THE STARTING POINT OF GAS SEPARATION FROM OIL IN THE DRAINAGE AREA OF Habibov I.A. AN OPERATING WELL ................................................ 55 DIAGNOSTICS OF THE CONDITION OF THE MAIN GAS PIPELINE USING THE SEQUENTIAL DETECTION Tashpulatov S.A., Akbarova N.J. METHODS .................................................................. 30 DETERMINATION OF THE MAIN HARMONICS IN THE STUDY OF ERRORS OF GEODETIC MEASUREMENTS Qadashova E.V. WITH PERIODIC SYSTEMATIC COMPONENTS ............ 58 APPLICATION OF NON-TRADITIONAL SEPARATION INSTALLATIONS FOR SEPARATION OF GAS-LIQUID Shvets V.A. FLOW AT SEA FIELDS ................................................. 36 INFORMATION THREATS TO THE GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM AND HOW TO ELIMINATE THEM ...................................................... 61 Sciences of Europe # 35, (2019) 3 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ГЛУБОКОРЫХЛИТЕЛЬ СКЛОНОВЫХ ЗЕМЕЛЬ ПАРАМЕТРЫ ВНУТРИПОЧВЕННОЙ СТЕНКИ Максимов В.П. д-р тех. Наук, профессор, Ушаков А.Е. аспирант Новочеркасский инженерно-мелиоративный институт им. А.К. Кортунова ФГБОУ ВО THE CHISEL SLOPING LAND PARAMETERS SUBSURFACE WALL Maksimov V.P., Dr. Tech. Science, Professor Ushakov A.E. postgraduate student, Novocherkassk Engineering Meliorative Institute after A.K. Kortunov, FGBOU VO Donskoy State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russia. АННОТАЦИЯ Исследованы способы обработки склоновых земель, проанализированы недостатки конструкций рых- лителей. Предложено решение для повышения эффективности создаваемой подпорной стенки за счет из- менение формы стоек рыхлителя. ABSTRACT The ways of processing colloquial lands are investigated, the drawbacks of ripper designs are analyzed. A solution is proposed to increase the efficiency of the retaining wall being created by changing the shape of the ripper racks. Ключевые слова: глубокое рыхление, рыхлитель, подпорная стенка, стойки. Keywords: deep loosening, ripper, retaining wall, stands. Ростовская область в ЮФО является крупней- консолидация этих «ядер» и происходит рост кон- шей по использованию земледелия. Общий фонд солидированного пласта вверх к дневной поверхно- регулярного земледелия превышает 220 тыс. га из сти. В результате переуплотнения образуется них часть этих земель являются склоновыми масси- «плужная подошва», что препятствует проникнове- вами, которые испытывают на себе многие допол- нию воды в глубь почвы в дождливую погоду и при нительные факторы деградации (переуплотнение, больших поливных нормах. Происходит не рацио- дефляция, поверхностный смыв, обесструктурива- нальная потеря влаги на испарение при засухе, а нию) [1]. За последние 30 лет на территории Рос- также образование луж и поверхностного стока, что сийской Федерации переуплотнение пахотных зе- ведет к эрозии почвы. При наличии плужной по- мель превысило 10 млн. га. Причиной этого явля- дошвы нарушается капиллярный приток влаги из ются многократные проходы энергонасыщенной более глубоких слоев к поверхности, вследствие техники по полям, в условиях орошения, кроме чего замедляется развитие корневой системы и сни- того, нарушение режимов обработки, отсутствие жается урожайность сельскохозяйственных куль- или плохая работа дренажа [1, 2, 3, 4]. тур [4, 5, 6]. Исследования показали, что в результате пере- Для более качественного применения глубо- уплотнения земель образуется подпахотный уплот- кой безотвальной обработки почвы на склонах был ненный слой на глубине 25...60 см, плотность кото- разработан способ их обработки типа [3]. Глубокое рого достигает 1,4 – 1,5 г/см3, а местами и 1,6 г/см3. рыхление — представляется эффективным прие- Переуплотненный слой препятствует проникнове- мом в современной обработке почвы, который поз- нию в почву воды и воздуха, приводит к снижению воляет подготовить самые лучшие условия для раз- коэффициента фильтрации и воздухопроницаемо- вития корней и получения более высоких урожаев сти в 5-15 раз. В связи с этим почва становится не- после посева кукурузы. Это хороший способ обра- приемлемой для некоторых сортов посадки либо ботки в засушливых условиях, эрозийно опасных наблюдается снижение урожайности сортов куль- территориях (этим приемом заменяют вспашку). тур. Чем сильнее происходит уплотнение почвы После такой обработки должна сохраниться стерня, тем сложнее произвести ее разуплотнение.[3, 4]. которая будет закреплять почву. Важно применять Под воздействием техногенной нагрузки про- данную технологию правильно — проводится она исходит накопление остаточных деформаций осенью, в весеннее время она может привести к уплотнения не только в пахотном, но и в подпахот- негативным последствиям. После проведенного ном слоях почвы. На глубине 0,6 – 0,7 м в почве осенью рыхления, земля лучше будет впитывать возникают «ядра уплотнения», при регулярном воз- влагу весной, а расходоваться растениями она бу- действии энергонасыщенной техники возникает дет постепенно. Глубина рыхления составляет – 30- 60 см. Даже при рыхлении почвы на глубину 30 – 4 Sciences of Europe # 35, (2019) 40 см создаются благоприятные условия для нор- Наиболее близкий аналог –глубокорыхлитель мального воздушно – водного режима,[2] если ве- навесной дизельного типа по АС SU №1507220 А1, гетация происходит в засушливое время, корны который принят в качестве прототипа. Недостаток культуры смогут проникнуть дальше и насытиться данного аналога в том, что при обработки склоно- влагой из более глубоких слоев почвы, если же вых земель область разрыхления (её поперечная влаги будет много — ее излишки в верхних слоях проекция) и формируемая при этом внутрипочвен- земли впитаются более глубокими. что не позво- ная стенка, возникающие в почве от прохода рабо- ляет в должной мере использовать технологию об- чего органа прототипа имеют не рациональные работки склоновых почв по патенту [3] «Способ об- формы, не обеспечивающие устройство поперёк работки склоновых почв». На сегодняшний день от- склона внутрипочвенных стенок требуемой проч- сутствуют конструкции
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