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Home , Fulbright Association, Martti Ahtisaari, President of Finland

Martti Ahtisaari, Former President of , Receives 2000 Fulbright Prize for International Understanding he awarded the 2000 J. William Fulbright Prize for T International Understanding to , president of the of Finland from 1994 to 2000, on December 1 at a ceremony at the International Trade Center. The prize, which carries a $50,000 cash award, is made possible by a grant from The Coca-Cola Foundation. (continued on page 12) Martti Ahtisaari

diplomat for more than 30 years Africa, playing a key role in ensuring a special representative for the former and from smooth transition through free and fair . A 1994 to 2000, Martti Ahtisaari . In appreciation, the Namibian In February 1994 Martti Ahtisaari has served as peacemaker in some of government made President Ahtisaari became the first directly-elected the world's most troubled areas. His an honorary citizen. president of the Republic of Finland. commitments to strengthening civil President Ahtisaari assumed the During his tenure as president, he led society, extending democratic practices, position of secretary of state in the Finland's entry into the and furthering peaceful cooperation Ministry for Foreign Affairs of and took an active role in and coexistence have repeatedly led Finland's foreign and security policy. Since leaving office in seekforeign his governments aid in resolving to ~ February 2000, President ------~-~-~==------Ahtisaari has continued his difficult and violent n-t:A rr.,(C....f..a lit Jtssociation conflicts. 'Lr!K- J 1,,1,W1 v peacemaking efforts. In May the Martti Oiva Kalevi is proudto present British government appointed Ahtisaari was born on him to the team overseeing the , 1937, in the city of r.. prize inspections of IRA weapons Viipuri. He graduated from rre.,.J. Wi{{iam r u{6rigrd . dumps in . the University of in 1959 "LfU:- -1--1ona{'llnferstanding This summer the European and joined the Ministry for f na1,1, UA Court of Human Rights asked Foreign Affairs of Finland in or Inter President Ahtisaari to 1965. President Ahtisaari held participate in a review of the various posts in the Ministry's to Austrian government's record Bureau for Technical Co­ on human rights. operation from 1965 to 1972 President Ahtisaari and held the position of deputy serves in leadership roles director, Department for Martti5'1.htisaari in several international International Development institutions and Co-operation, the following year. Presidentof the'R_?pu6{ic of 1in!and' foundations. He is co­ He went on to serve as chairman of the EastWest ambassador of Finland to the 1994-2000 Institute and serves as a United Republic of and member of the joint was also accredited to Zambia, advisors' group for the Somalia, and Mozambique. Open Society Institute and In 1977 Martti Ahtisaari vecember1, 2000 the Soros Foundation. He became chairs the Balkan Youth commissioner for and and Children Foundation in 1978 was appointed special In recognitionof • and the Global representative of the secretary- t Commission of the general for Namibia. When his fiiscontri6utions O . International Youth term as commissioner came to an f fie ·ngmutua[ uncferstancfrng Foundation, as well as end, he returned to to J urt n [es the international board serve in the Ministry for Foreign amongpeop of the War-Torn Affairs. The UN called upon President Ahtisaari once again in L------~------:=~:::Societiesalso a member Project. of Hethe is 1987, when he was appointed under Board of Directors of the International secretary-general for administration Institute for Democracy and Electoral and management. He retained the Finland in 1991. The following year, he Assistance. Through these activities, title of special representative of the was named chairman of the Bosnia­ President Ahtisaari maintains his secretary-general for Namibia Herzegovina Working Group of the commitment to improving the throughout this time and led the UN' s International Conference on the international community's ability to Transition Assistance Group in Namibia Former Yugoslavia. He also served as prevent crisis and conflict. from 1989 to 1990. President Ahtisaari special adviser to the International President Ahtisaari is married helped to supervise Namibia's move Conference on the Former Yugoslavia to . They have one toward independence from South and to the UN secretary-general's son, Marko.

2 Deputy Secretary of State Strobe Talbott Honors President Ahtisaari

efore offering a few comments West-or, to put it differently, about your guest of honor, let me between and the rest of Bpay homage to the American Europe-on the issue of what it would statesman in whose name and memory take to end the bombing of we're extending that honor-the late Yugoslavia. Once they had done so, J. William Fulbright. For many of us they became the ultimate tag team­ who came of age at a time when Mr. Hammer and Mr. Anvil, we called America's role in the world was an them-and as such, they went up issue of difficult, often divisive debate, against the Butcher of the Balkans. To at home and abroad, Senator Fulbright make a long story short, they pinned was, quite simply, a hero. To many, his ears back. including President , I'm referring, of course, to he was also a mentor. Slobodan Milosevic. You all I'd like also to add my own remember him, I assume: he used to be acknowledgement of the presence here the president of Yugoslavia (and what a this morning of two other superb pleasure it is to use that verb tense). statesmen-one, Don McHemy, who The Hammer-and-Anvil duo served this nation in the executive persuaded Milosevic that there was branch, and the other, Lee Hamilton­ nowhere to run, nowhere to hide, like Senator Fulbright-who served it nothing to do but to withdraw all Serb President Martti Ahtisaari and Deputy in the legislative branch. The former is forces from and permit the Secretaryof State Strobe Talbott. a good friend whom I've come to call hundreds of thousands of refugees to "Don;" the latter is a good friend whom return to their homes under the indispensable role not just in bringing I will always call "Mr. Chairman." protection of a UN-authorized, peace to the Balkans but in doing so in In his leadership on the House NATO-led, international force. a way that preserved the sometimes Foreign Affairs Committee, as the chair The latest version of the story is in precarious but strategically vital through 1994 and as the ranking President Ahtisaari' s new book, Tetava goal of Russia's integration into the minority member from 1995 until 1998, Belgradeesa,which I very much look new Europe. Congressman Hamilton set a high forward to reading once it exists in a I believe President Ahtisaari was standard of good sense, tough­ language I can understand. But I can able to succeed in this prodigy of mindedness, far-sightedness and already, with confidence, offer the diplomacy for three reasons. First and civility of discourse; he has carried all following indisputable mini-review­ foremost because of his personal those qualities over to his new job at a sort-of anti-blurb: President qualities and convictions. Second, the Center-and to Ahtisaari' s book is not the last word on because he drew on his many years of his latest chairmanship, of the Fulbright the subject. Why? Because it's too experience as a creative peacemaker in Prize Selection Committee, which has modest; it doesn't do justice to the Bosnia and in Africa, where, I am honored itself and, indeed, the United hero of the story; it understates the reliably told, many young Namibians States in choosing Martti Ahtisaari as author's fortitude, ingenuity, and skill proudly bear the name Martti. (Perhaps the 2000 Fulbright Prize recipient. in cracking heads-and that means I should leave it to President Ahtisaari President Ahtisaari, too, is a hero. I Russian heads, Yugoslav heads, to clarify exactly how that came to be.) regard it as one of the great privileges German heads, and, once or twice, an And last but not least, because he was of my life to have been in harness with American head to which I'm able to draw upon his special moral and him during the spring and early personally quite attached. political authority as the of summer of 1999, when he and Viktor You know, Mr. President, I Finland, a nation that has demonstrated, Chernomyrdin joined in one of the suppose we could rely on General especially since the end of the , most unusual, arduous, consequential, Ivashov to do full justice to the that it has an exemplary and salutary and successful diplomatic ventures of adventure we shared in his own book, role to play in the world. our time or of any other time. which is also just out; but I may Under his leadership, Finland Here's how I'd summarize it. First, actually have to tell the story myself leveraged its position in the emerging the Ahtisaari-Chernomyrdin team someday, just to make sure that you security and economic structures of closed the gap between Russia and the get the credit you deserve for your Europe to do good while doing well; he (continued on page 4)

3 Strobe Talbott's Remarks Ambassador Donald F. McHenry (continuedfrom page 3) personally enhanced his country's Presents "Tribute" international standing and effectiveness, improved the Baltic­ to Martti Ahtisaari Nordic neighborhood and gave the world as a whole a model of how t is indeed my pleasure to appear here in several capacities, the first globalization can and should work. It Ias a member of the board of was a double stroke of good fortune directors of The Coca-Cola Company not just for Europe but for the trans­ and its foundation, The Coca-Cola Atlantic community as a whole-for Foundation, which for eight years have the U.S. and Canada to the West, for participated in this event by providing the Russian Federation to the East­ the monetary resources for this prize. that Finland held the rotating In addition, members of The Coca-Cola of the European Union in Company staff have been very much the second half of 1999, and that Martti involved in the ongoing activities of Ahtisaari occupied the presidency of the Fulbright Association, with Dr. Finland during that period. Fenton-May, a former Coke associate, Finland is a non-aligned country. serving on the board. It is without prejudice to that status, I have a second reason for being and without any affront to America's pleased to be here, and that is that this 18 fellow members of the North is an occasion to honor my old friend Atlantic Treaty Organization, that I'll Martti Ahtisaari. Martti and I worked Donald F. McHenry, director,The Coca-Cola Company and President Martti Ahtisaari with let you all in on a little secret: many together in many ways similar to the the sculpture "Tribute," by Sergio Dolfi, times over the last several years, we way in which Strobe Talbott and Martti presented to President Ahtisaari on behalf here in Washington, grappling with worked. Through their association, of The Coca-ColaCompany. they were able to bring the Kosovo the problems of the new Europe, crisis to a close relatively quickly, have commented to ourselves that though I'm sure it didn't seem that Finland is one of America's best way at the time. relatively peacefully the independence allies. I stress that we were using the But when I set out with Martti to of Namibia. word in the Webster's dictionary negotiate a resolution for the United I have been and will always be sense of a sovereign state united with Nations in Namibia, it took about three grateful for having worked with him another in a common cause. The years to negotiate. I left the government during that period of time. Martti' s common cause in question can be and it took Martti 10 more years to work has been one which has carried simply stated: democracy, along with implement. He did it with extraordinary him to different parts of the world. His respect for individual and communal skill and with a very great sensitivity. range of associations is extraordinarily rights, is the only reliable basis for His most powerful weapon was a little broad, and he brings perseverance, he both national governance and diplomatese. We said that the parties brings insight, and most of all he brings international peace. had to perform to the satisfaction of a sensitivity, a desire to get to know Advancing and defending that the special representative-that was and to understand the people with common cause is not so easy, especially Martti. What in the world did those whom he works. To get to know and in parts of the world-including parts words mean? understand their perspectives, their of Europe-recovering from decades if Martti knew that he had in his experiences, their sensitivities. And in not centuries of tyranny and strife. It's hands the equivalent of an atomic the final analysis, that is also what the bomb. He knew that if he simply a common cause that needs leaders of Fulbright Prize is about and is also the kind we have been lucky enough to refused to accept what was proposed, what J.William Fulbright was about the whole implementation of the have in Martti Ahtisaari-who has when he set up the . Namibia peace plan was finished. It served as both a hammer and an anvil So on behalf of The Coca-Cola would be at least interrupted. But like in forging a better world. Company, on behalf of the Coca-Cola an atomic bomb, he could use it once and no more. His skill was in knowing system around the world, of thousands how to keep that weapon in reserve. of employees in more than 200 He didn't flash it; everyone knew that countries, I am pleased to present this he had it and on occasion, he reminded sculpture, created by Coca-Cola them that he did have it. And he associate Sergio Dolfi, this "Tribute," succeeded in bringing to a close to Martti Ahtisaari.

4 Fulbri ht Prize Address Martti Ahtisaari Speaks to Fulbrighters

t is a great honor to be awarded the and intolerance can lead to. J. William Fulbright Prize for More recently, we also had the IInternational Understanding. The privilege to witness in the list of past recipients of this prize is toppling in an of the man truly impressive and I feel privileged who carries much of the responsibility to be in such company. for the violence and destruction. With I am particularly pleased to receive the removal of Slobodan Milosevic an award whose first recipient was from power, new possibilities have Nels on Mandela. In accepting the opened up for stability and prosperity inaugural Fulbright Prize in 1993 in Yugoslavia and throughout the President Mandela called Fulbright Balkan region . Elections have also Program participants "men and women brought moderate forces into power in who have chosen the world to be the Croatia and Kosovo. Montenegro has theater of their efforts." He observed held its reformist course. Bosnia­ Martti Ahtisaari that Fulbright and other international Herzegovina is recovering slowly. educational exchange programs have and Macedonia have resisted now produced generations of men and being destabilized. women who are not satisfied with These gains must now be in progress for several weeks, but it addressing and solving problems only consolidated. This will require long­ was increasingly obvious that within the borders of their own term involvement and a joint high­ bombing alone would not lead countries. It is upon the vision, skills, intensity strategy in the region by the to a military solution. Although and dedication of such people that we United States and the European Union diplomatic efforts had already failed must call to solve today's conflicts. countries. I will return to some of the once, it became necessary to step up In my office, I have two paintings concrete regional challenges towards the search for a political solution. and a piece of quarry rock from Robben the end of my speech. The initiative to involve me in this Island given to me by President process emerged from talks between the Americans and the Russians in Mandela. The maximum security The Kosovo Peace Process prison on Robben Island is where Washington in early May. They Mandela spent the bulk of his 27-year But I will start with my mission in considered it necessary to bring in a imprisonment. The piece of rock the spring of 1999. My involvement in third party. Soon after they contacted symbolizes for me the persistence and the Kosovo peace process was fairly me, I discussed the matter also with determination that can overcome even short, only about eight weeks. It Chancellor Gerhard Schroder. the greatest difficulties. It reminds my started with a phone call from Deputy held the EU presidency at the visitors and me daily that no problem is Secretary of State Strobe Talbott on time and the chancellor proposed that I too difficult to be solved. This lesson of May 5, 1999, and finished with the represent the Union as a whole in persistence is one that I would like to withdrawal of the Yugoslav army from efforts to resolve the crisis. I saw this carry across to my own continent. Kosovo and the subsequent ending of as the only sensible solution. I plan to speak to you today about the NATO bombing campaign. This Naturally, I considered it my duty my experience of conflict resolution in was an extremely intensive time period to agree to the request made to me in Kosovo and about the future prospects with a lot of excitement and great early May. However, I did not consider of the Balkan region. The Balkans have speed. For many of my team, the night my prospects to be very promising. been in the spotlight of international we spent in Belgrade after presenting Already during the first round of attention throughout the past decade. the terms of the peace off er to contacts, it became evident that there The disintegration of Yugoslavia President Milosevic was the first full were substantial differences of view on resulted in four armed conflicts-on the night's sleep for weeks. the terms that might form the basis for territories of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia­ By the beginning of May the a solution. That was what made it so Herzegovina, and Kosovo-and in crisis had become more and more important to get American, Russian, immeasurable human suffering. We problematic for the international and EU representatives around the have all witnessed what inciting hatred community. The air strikes had been same table to discuss their differences.

5 My approach in these trilateral the Yugoslav political and military troops. I have come to believe that talks between the teams of Deputy leaders and, after we had replied to the plan by the Russian military was Secretary Talbott, President Yeltsin' s their questions, they withdrew to to hold parts of Northern Kosovo special envoy , consider their response. The following and the capital Pristina with the and myself was simple: rather than day, the offer that we had brought was support of Russian troops. This becoming wrapped up in questions of presented to the Serbian might have led to the eventual prestige, we would concentrate on and the Yugoslav Federal Government, division of Kosovo. issues that were both practical and both of which accepted it. The secret plan of the military did central. How could the conditions in not succeed. Its implementation was which the refugees could return safely Diplomacy or Bombs? prevented by the refusal of the be created? What kind of presence neighboring states of Yugoslavia to would the international community The question about what made allow the Russians to use their have? How would the withdrawal of Milosevic accept the terms of the peace airspace. They were thus unable to the Serbian forces be effected? What offer has often been phrased in terms send reinforcements and provide would be the nature of the interim of juxtaposition. Was it diplomacy or logistics for the troops at Pristina international administration? bombs that ended the war? airport. The stand-off between the I had been convinced from the I still think that, irrespective of the Russian and British troops at Pristina outset that an international presence actual damage done by the air strikes, airport continued over the period of a would be credible only if it had a the bombing campaign achieved its few days, however, and the Russians robust mandate and if it was based central aim. It demonstrated that the tried to use their soldiers as a means of on contributions from the core NATO NATO countries involved were bargaining for a more significant role countries and also NATO-led. It was serious. I am certain that Milosevic within the Kosovo Force. necessary to have American, British , Now that things have settled, the Russians have participated in KFOR in French, and German troops I do not count myself among participating in the Kosovo a committed and constructive manner. force. Otherwise the those who hold onto the I have often heard the claim that I saved NATO . But as I told a Russian refugees would not dare to return to concept of sovereignty in its their homes . Eventually, also the journalist just two weeks ago in Russians accepted these principles, old sense. In my view, the Moscow, we in fact also saved Russia. or at least their core elements. Had the agreement not been reached, highest source of sovereign it would have brought even more In these negotiations, Strobe forcefully forward the doubt that the Talbott was indefatigable in his efforts power rests with the people Russians did not share the same to analyze the ever-changing and of a state. values as the United States and the complicated situation and to find a Europeans. This would have isolated solution. His imagination and Russia-to everyone's detriment. diplomatic skills were absolutely would not have accepted the offer with essential to taking things forward . which I went to Belgrade, had it not Humanitarian Intervention The Russians suggested to me at one been for the bombings. He may also point that Talbott be replaced by have been aware of the increased In the aftermath of my involvement either Secretary of State Albright or readiness of some of the NATO allies in the Kosovo negotiations, I have Vice President Gore, but I thrust aside to send in ground troops . given quite a bit of thought to the this idea by saying that it was The evidence has also led me to concept of humanitarian intervention­ important to have someone who believe that the Russians had their which is what the Kosovo bombings knew the substance and had the full own plan for Kosovo, of which amounted to. confidence of his president. Milosevic was aware. This could I do not count myself among those The achievement of agreement have been another factor in the rapid who hold onto the concept of between NATO and the Russians made acceptance of the peace settlement by sovereignty in its old sense. In my it possible for me to go to Belgrade the Yugoslavs. In the negotiations view, the highest source of sovereign with Viktor Chernomyrdin at the for the composition of the Kosovo power rests with the people of a state. beginning of June. Four weeks of Force, the Russians had insisted on I strongly believe that if a government constant hard work yielded fruit: there having a separate Russian sector in flagrantly violates the human rights of was not the slightest disagreement Kosovo. When they were unable to its people, outsiders have the right to between us when we presented the secure agreement for their demand, intervene on behalf of the people­ peace offer to President Milosevic. the Russian military made a dash for always when possible with the blessing Mr. Chernomyrdin and I carefully the Pristina airport and arrived there of the UN Security Council. With the outlined the content of the peace offer to before the British and American genocidal crimes in Bosnia-Herzegovina

6 in fresh memory, there was no need to striking miners in Kolubara. The second-guess the readiness of police stood by again on October 5 in Milosevic' s regime for violence in Belgrade when the crowds took over Kosovo. the Federal Parliament building. The Kosovo crisis showed that the populations in Western democracies no Post-Election Challenges longer tolerate such levels of violence. After the jubilation in Belgrade Everyone was able to witness from their over Kostunica' s victory, the real own living rooms the columns of challenges for the region remain. refugees fleeing Kosovo and the cruelty These include rebuilding the and human suffering caused by economies of Yugoslavia and the Milosevic' s tactics. The pressure to act other countries of the region, creating was enormous. People demanded that democratic administrative structures something had to be done. and institutions, and bringing a functioning civil society into being. Milosevic's Defeat They also include resolving questions on the status of Montenegro and I believe that Serbian society has Kosovo in relation to Yugoslavia now itself begun reflecting on the and creating a functioning state crimes committed in its name. There in Bosnia-Herzegovina. have been some very brave and The key now is to maintain the forthright individuals who have level of engagement by the Western spoken out about the atrocities that countries in supporting the region on members of the Yugoslav special forces its road to stability and prosperity. committed in Kosovo, in Bosnia­ Serbia, I became convinced beyond a Milosevic has left the economy of Herzegovina, and in Croatia. doubt that the poll data was correct. Serbia in ruins. The state reserves had I believe that this new mood was And I was worried about the dwindled to a mere $350 million. also one of the causes for the revolt possibility of violence in the face of Serbia's energy debt to Russia alone against Milosevic during the first week the opposition's victory. was some $400-450 million. On the occasion of handing over The other economies in the region the report on 's human rights have also been hit extremely hard. The A stable, democratic, and situation to President Jacques Chirac job of reforming and building the prosperousEurope, at last united, on Friday, September 8, I told him that institutions to enable economic the Serbian opposition would win: recovery will not be an easy one. is a vision shared by all of us. what would the West do if Milosevic We must be prepared to remain were to open fire on hundreds of involved for the long term, for 10 or 20 of October. Since the beginning of this thousands of demonstrators? I also years-until the job is done. Our joint year, polls in Yugoslavia had been called Prime Minister Tony Blair and commitment to the Balkan region must showing that Milosevic's support base handed over a memo on the situation be no less than that of the commitment had collapsed. Milosevic himself was to American policy makers. I saw that of the United States in building up it was important to sound a wake-up too isolated from the lives of ordinary Western Europe after the Second World call to the West to recognize a new citizens to understand the profound War. A stable, democratic, and situation and to prepare for the change change that had occurred in Serbian prosperous Europe, at last united, is a of power in Yugoslavia . vision shared by all of us. society. Once the opposition was able When Milosevic tried to obfuscate to unite around a single candidate, the result to get a second round, most The Future of the Balkans Vojislav Kostunica, the opinion polls political observers in the West consistently predicted an opposition believed that he would cling to power Rebuilding key public institutions victory. Still, defeat seemed to come with the support of the army and is the most urgent need of both Serbia as a complete surprise to Milosevic police. At the same time, already and all of its neighbors. Without a solid himself, as well as to many Western during the counting of the votes, it institutional framework for the exercise leaders and the leaders of had become clear that even the great of public power, free and fair elections neighboring countries. majority of the security forces will not lead to representative or A poll publicized on September 5, supported Kostunica over Milosevic. accountable government. Without 2000 showed Kostunica in a 2:1 lead The Serbian opposition supporters effective institutions to implement the over Milosevic. In discussions with took heart when seeing that the police rule of law, states will not be able to members of the democratic forces of refrained from using force against the provide protection of human rights and

7 minority rights. Senator J. William Without stable Fulbright. Last year economic the U.S.-Finnish regulatory Fulbright exchange structures to marked its 50th establish a climate anniversary. I favorable to would like to salute business this exceptional enterprise, neither program for the privatization nor educational and trade cultural liberalization will opportunities it has generate given to my sustainable compatriots and to economic growth. the Americans who The countries have come to of the region face Finland under its major difficulties auspices. in reforming Throughout the themselves, and Ambassador Donald F McHenry, Fulbright Association President FrederickG. Acker, President world more than may become Martti Ahtisaari, and Deputy Secretary of State Strobe Talbott. 200,000 individuals trapped in a cycle have participated in of unsuccessful reforms. Weak public development to promoting responsible Fulbright exchanges. I share administrations are called on to carry governance. It is also the only path to Ambassador Eric Edelman' s view that out reforms that are beyond their long-term political stability in the the Fulbright Program is one of the human and budgetary resources. The region. United States' "premier vehicles for countries of the region are unlikely to intellectual engagement with the rest of be able to emerge from this cycle Senator Fulbright's Vision the world and one of its wisest without significant external assistance. investments in the international arena." In the beginning of this speech, I What is needed now is a similar vision and commitment, because the Reforming Core Institutions spoke of the rewards of persistence. After the Second World War, the task still ahead of us in stabilizing the Balkans is even more complicated and It is important to set clear priorities political leaders had a vision, which demanding. We have no alternative but and to concentrate resources on brought stability, prosperity, and to persist. reforming the core state institutions, democracy to war-torn societies of Thank you. among which are reliable law Europe. Among those leaders was enforcement structures, a functioning central bank with stable fiscal and monetary policy, and tax and customs administrations capable of collecting revenue for the state budget. The traditional democratization approach stresses the development of the NGO and independent media sectors. These are important as a healthy counterbalance to state power, but as long as the state itself is unable even to deliver basic public goods and services, such as providing for the rule of law, the role of civil society remains limited. The challenge for all of us is to find more high-intensity ways to help strengthen public institutions in Southeastern Europe. This is the most direct way of addressing a range of Ambassador McHenry, President Ahtisaari, Fulbright A ssociation Executive Director international objectives, from economic Jane L. Anderson, and Mr. Acker.

8 2000 Fulbright Prize Ceremony & Reception

President Ahtisaari and Wiltrud Hammelstein, president, Fulbright Alumni e. V, Germany. Robert M. Whiting, boardmember , The Fulbright Center, Finland; FredrikForsberg, government secretary,Ministry of Education and Culture, Finland; President Ahtisaari; Leila Mustanoja, executive director,The Fulbright Center;and JaakkoE . Laine, president, Finnish ASLA-Fulbright Alumni Association.

Fulbright Association boardmember Anthony Viscusi, President Ahtisaari, and Association boardmember R. Fenton-May, a member of the 2000 Fulbright Prize Selection Committee.

Fulbright Association GreaterNew York Chapter President Alison L. Gardy and Rita Hegde, assistant dean, SUNY Farmingdale, LIEOC. Ms. Gardy joined the Association's Board of Directorson Januan; 1.

9 Fulbright Association Institutional Members

Albany State University Luther College University of California, Santa Cruz American University Lynchburg College University of Central Florida Armand Hammer United World College Macalester College University of Connecticut Association for International Practical Massachusetts Institute of Technology University of Delaware Training Mercer University University of Denver Barry University Mesa Technical College University of the District of Columbia Benedict College Michigan State University University of Georgia Boston University Middlebury College University of Hawaii Brigham Young University Mills College University of Houston - Downtown Bryn Mawr College Minnesota State University Moorhead University of Illinois at Chicago Buffalo State College Morris Brown College University of Illinois at Urbana- California State University, Fresno Mountain Empire Community College Champaign California State University, Hayward Nassau Community College University of Kansas Carl Albert State College Nazareth College of Rochester University of Kentucky Case Western Reserve University Oberlin College University of Maine Central State University Oklahoma State University University of Maryland, College Park Chicago State University Pace University University of Miami Cincinnati State Technical and Paine College University of Missouri - Kansas City Community College Pennsylvania State University University of Missouri - St. Louis Claremont McKenna College Ramapo College of New Jersey University of Nebraska - Lincoln Clark Atlanta University Reed College University of Nebraska - Omaha Colgate University Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute University of Nevada, Las Vegas The College of William and Mary Rhodes College University of North Florida The Cooper Union for the Rice University University of Notre Dame Advancement of Science and Art St. Louis Community College at University of Pennsylvania Delta College Florissant Valley University of Portland East Carolina University St. Olaf College University of Scranton Elmira College San Diego State University The University of the South Fairfield University San Francisco State University University of South Florida Fairmont State College Santa Monica College University of Southern Colorado Ferris State University Smith College Fisk University South Carolina State University University of Tennessee Florida State University South Dakota State University University of Virginia Fordham University Southeast Missouri State University University of Wisconsin - La Crosse Franklin & Marshall College Southeastern Louisiana University University of Wisconsin - Madison Gainesville College Southern Illinois University - Carbondale University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee The George Washington University Southern University of Baton Rouge University of Wisconsin - Platteville Georgetown University Southwestern Baptist Theological University of Wisconsin - Whitewater Georgia Institute of Technology Seminary University of Wyoming Georgia State University State University of New York at Albany Valparaiso University Goddard College State University of New York at Oswego Vassar College Harford Community College State University of New York at Potsdam Virginia Commonwealth University Humboldt State University Swarthmore College Wayne State University Hunter College of the City University Syracuse University Wesleyan University of New York Texas A&M University West Texas A&M University Idaho State University Texas Christian University West Virginia University Illinois Wesleyan University Towson University Western Washington University Indiana University of Pennsylvania Trinity University Widener University Institute of International Education Troy State University Dothan Wilberforce University Iowa State University Tufts University William Paterson University James Madison University University of Alabama at Birmingham Williams College Kent State University University of Arkansas Wright State University Lake Forest College University of Baltimore York College of the City University of Lewis & Clark College University of California, Berkeley New York Louisiana State University University of California, Riverside Youngstown State University

10 Are You A Member? DO YOU KNOW ALUMNI AND FRIENDS WHO WOULD LIKE TO BE MEMBERS?

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11 Martti Ahtisaari Receives 2000 Fulbright Prize (continued from page 1)

A diplomat for more than 30 years, International Understanding in 1993 through free and fair elections. President Ahtisaari has served as with a grant from The Coca-Cola In 1992 President Ahtisaari became peacemaker in some of the world's most Foundation to recognize extraordinary involved in the former Yugoslavia, troubled areas. His commitments to contributions toward bringing peoples, heading the effort to draft a plan to strengthening civil society, extending cultures, or nations to greater divide Bosnia into a series of democratic practices, and furthering understanding of others. Recipients of autonomous provinces and allow for peaceful cooperation and coexistence the award are former South African the return of refugees. In 1999 he was have repeatedly led foreign governments President , former U.S. asked to serve as mediator in Kosovo, to seek his aid in resolving difficult and President , former working with former Russian Prime violent conflicts. Austrian Federal Chancellor Franz Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin and U.S. Lee H. Hamilton, chairman of the Vranitzky, former Philippine President Deputy Secretary of State Strobe Talbott international selection committee for Corazon C. Aquino, to negotiate with former Yugoslav the 2000 J. William Fulbright Prize, President Vaclav Havel, former President Slobodan Milosevic and bring said, "Martti Ahtisaari' s tremendous Chilean President Patricio Aylwin an end to NATO military intervention. contributions to international peace Az6car, and United Nations High Serving on the international and understanding span many decades Commissioner for Human Rights Mary committee convened by the Fulbright and several regions of the world ." Robinson. Association to select the 2000 laureate "President Ahtisaari' s career Frederick G. Acker, then-president of were Dr. R. Fenton-May, former director reflects a long-standing and deeply the Fulbright Association's Board of held commitment to international Directors, said, "President Ahtisaari is of operations development, The Coca­ reconciliation and understanding," one of the great peacemakers of the 20th Cola Company; Mr. Herman Liebaers, added Mr. Hamilton, director of The century. He has spent much of his member of the Royal Belgian Academy; Woodrow Wilson International Center distinguished career brokering solutions Ms. Leticia Ma Tay, rector, Universidad for Scholars and a former chairman of to seemingly hopeless conflicts in Tecnol6gica Centroamericana, the U.S. House of Representatives Namibia, Kosovo, and Northern Ireland . Honduras; Dr. Hassan Mekouar, Committee on International Relations. Namibians so appreciated his efforts professor, Mohammed V University, "His extraordinary work and steady over 13 years in achieving their peaceful Morocco, and former president of the leadership are to be commended. His independence that they granted him Moroccan-American Commission for many achievements-at the United honorary ." Educational and Cultural Exchange; and Nations, as president of Finland, and As special representative of the Prof. Itamar Rabinovich, president, Tel as citizen of the world-explain the United Nations secretary-general for Aviv University, Israel, and former great esteem he enjoys in the Namibia, President Ahtisaari Israeli ambassador to the U.S. international community." negotiated Namibia's independence Dr. Fenton-May, Mr. Liebaers, Prof. The Fulbright Association created from and played a key Mekouar, and Prof. Rabinovich received the J. William Fulbright Prize for role in ensuring a smooth transition Fulbright grants to the United States.

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