DOCSLIB.ORG

Influences of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Hand-Feel Touch Cues on Sensory

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Influences of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Hand-Feel Touch Cues on Sensory University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 8-2018 Influences of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Hand-feel Touch Cues on Sensory Perception and Emotional Responses toward Beverage Products Ragita Cantika Pramudya University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Applied Behavior Analysis Commons, and the Other Food Science Commons Recommended Citation Pramudya, Ragita Cantika, "Influences of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Hand-feel Touch Cues on Sensory Perception and Emotional Responses toward Beverage Products" (2018). Theses and Dissertations. 2945. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2945 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu, ccmiddle@uark.edu. Influences of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Hand-feel Touch Cues on Sensory Perception and Emotional Responses toward Beverage Products A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Food Science by Ragita Cantika Pramudya University of Wisconsin-Madison Bachelor of Science in Food Science, 2014 August 2018 University of Arkansas This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. ____________________________________________ Han-Seok Seo, Ph.D. Thesis Director ____________________________________________ Jean-Franҫois Meullenet, Ph.D. Committee Member ____________________________________________ James Lampinen, Ph.D. Committee Member ABSTRACT Consumer perception of and preference toward products are influenced by intrinsic product- specific (e.g., product temperature) and extrinsic non-product-specific (e.g., packaging or container) characteristics. Besides communicating information between products and consumers to create expectations toward the content at the point of sale, packaging also influences sensory perception of the content during consumption. Previous cross-modal studies on packaging effects on the content had largely overlooked hand-feel touch cues. Touch closely relates to consumers’ emotional responses to and their quality evaluation of products. One way to manipulate hand-feel touch cues in a beverage consumption setting is to vary materials of cup sleeve, which are served concurrently with brewed coffee (BC) and green tea (GT). This thesis aimed to determine 1) influences of intrinsic cues (product temperature) on sensory perception of and emotional responses to BC and GT; 2) cross-modal association (CMA) of extrinsic hand-feel touch cues (12 sleeve materials) with evoked emotions, basic tastes, and coffee-related flavors; and 3) cross-modal influences of extrinsic hand-feel touch cues (4 sleeve materials) on emotional responses, sensory perception, arousal, and valence of BC. Results showed both intrinsic and extrinsic cues influenced emotional responses to and sensory perception of BC and GT. Beverages at higher temperature were characterized by positive emotions, while those at room and cold temperatures were characterized by low arousal- negative emotions and high arousal-negative emotions, respectively. CMA between hand-feel touch and taste cues were confirmed to exist: bitter taste and black coffee flavor with cardboard sleeves; sweet taste and creamy flavor with towel; sour taste with stainless steel; and salty taste with linen. Correlations between certain textural parameters and sensory CMA were also observed: thicker and rougher materials positively correlated with positive emotions and sweet taste, while thinner and smoother materials positively correlated with negative and high-arousal emotions and sour taste. Additionally, coffee presented with samples (towel, linen, or stainless steel) were perceived differently, in terms of both emotions and sensory attributes, compared to cardboard (control). As highlighted here, touch cues are important in product evaluation. Professionals in food and beverage industries should consider incorporating more hand-feel textural features on product packaging or container designs. Keywords: touch, product temperature, emotional response, sensory attribute, coffee, green tea, cross modal ©2018 by Ragita Cantika Pramudya All Rights Reserved ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my most sincere gratitude to my advisor, Dr. Han-Seok Seo (Associate Professor, Department of Food Science) for the continuous support and guidance throughout my M.S. graduate career, as well as constant encouragement and advice, whether academic or personal. I would also like to thank and express my appreciation for my committee members, Dr. Jean-Franҫois Meullenet (Director, Arkansas Agricultural Experimental Station) and Dr. James Lampinen (Distinguished Professor, Department of Psychological Sciences) for their invaluable time and advice. Additionally, without the help of my team at the Sensory Service Center, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible. I would like to extend my thanks to Mrs. Tonya Tokar (Former Laboratory Manager), Mrs. Tina McMaster (Laboratory Technician), Ms. Peggy Pang (Laboratory Technician), Mr. Matthew Chapko (M.S. Graduate), Ms. Asmita Singh (M.S. Student), Ms. Shilpa Samant (Ph.D. Candidate), and Ms. Sara Jarma Arroyo (M.S. Graduate) for their humor, suggestions, advice, time, encouragement, and most importantly, friendship. Finally, to my family (Kiki Pramudya, Nani Halim, Adyuta Pramudya, and Priscilia Tunas) and my friends, thank you for being there through all the highs and lows. I am extremely grateful for you all for helping me accomplish my dreams and helping me grow to be a better person, professionally and personally. Thank you. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1. General Introduction .......................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 2. Review of Literature ........................................................................................... 8 1. A sense of touch ................................................................................................................ 9 1.1. Concept and definition ................................................................................................ 9 1.2. Anatomy and physiology ............................................................................................10 1.3. Factors influencing touch perception .........................................................................13 1.3.1. Product-related factors influencing touch perception..................................................14 1.3.2. Environmental factors influencing touch perception ...................................................16 1.3.3. Physiological factors influencing touch perception .....................................................17 1.3.4. Psychological factors influencing touch perception ....................................................21 2. Influences of touch perception on other sensory perceptions ............................................23 2.1. Influences of touch perception on visual perception ...................................................23 2.2. Influences of touch perception on auditory perception ...............................................25 2.3. Influences of touch perception on olfactory perception ..............................................26 2.4. Influences of touch perception on gustatory perception .............................................27 2.5. Interactions between touch perceptions .....................................................................28 3. Influences of touch perception on emotional responses ....................................................29 4. Influences of touch perception on food choice and purchase intent ...................................31 References ...............................................................................................................................34 CHAPTER 3. Influences of intrinsic factor (product temperature) on sensory perception of and emotional responses to coffee and green tea products ...........................................44 Abstract.....................................................................................................................................45 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................47 2. Study 1: Effects of sample temperatures on emotional responses to, and sensory attributes of, coffee beverage ...................................................................................................................51 2.1. Materials and methods ..............................................................................................51 2.2. Results ......................................................................................................................56 3. Study 2: Effects of sample temperatures on emotional responses to, and sensory attributes of, green tea beverage ..............................................................................................................59 3.1. Materials and methods ..............................................................................................59 3.2. Results ......................................................................................................................61 4. Discussion .........................................................................................................................65
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Functional Textile Technologies Spring 2021 Power up Your Textiles with Heiq’S High-Performance Technologies
    Functional Textile Technologies Spring 2021 Power up your textiles with HeiQ’s high-performance technologies HeiQ Smart Temp – Intelligent thermoregulation Article No. Product Name Description Properties Application Fiber Type Chemical Basis Charge / Form Provides enhanced thermal Durable dynamic evapo- Exhaust & pad All Special hydro functiona- Nonionic / comfort, keeps moisture from ration and cooling effect (1-4% w.o.f.) lized copolymer Liquid 17907 HeiQ Adaptive AC-06 accumulating between fabric adjusted according to and the skin tem- perature. Overall enhanced performance Provides enhanced thermal Durable dynamic evapo- Exhaust & pad Mainly for synthetics, Hydro-functionalized Nonionic / comfort, keeps moisture from ration and cooling effect (1-3% w.o.f.) PES and PES rich fiber resin polymer Liquid 17902 HeiQ Adaptive AC-03 accumulating between fabric adjusted according to blends and the skin temperature Highly effective in enhancing Breakthrough dual-effect Print application All Thermofunctional Nonionic / thermal comfort for a wide technology, combining (20-40 g/m2) polymer, vegetable oil Liquid range of textiles, especially cooling on contact and derived 19602 HeiQ Cool Touch SWS bedding. More than 50% continuous evaporative bio-based materials, in USDA cooling effect, soft hand- certification in process. feel, good hydrophilicity Application recommendations Polyester (PES) – HeiQ Adaptive AC-06 in combination with: Article No. Product Name Description Properties Application Fiber Type Chemical Basis Charge / Form Soft/cool touch with wicking, Resistant to mild washing, Exhaust & pad PES & blends, also on Ethoxylated carboxylic Nonionic / antistatic and soil release pro- no yellowing if separately (1-6% w.o.f.) polyamide acid Liquid emulsion 16205 HeiQ Hydro SHF perties on synthetics applied, color intensifica- tion in print pastes 8 Polyamide (PA) – HeiQ Adaptive AC-06 in combination with: Article No.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Air, Ar and O2 Plasmas on the Electrical Resistivity And
    fibers Article The Effect of Air, Ar and O2 Plasmas on the Electrical Resistivity and Hand-Feel Properties of Polyester/Cotton Blend Fabric Baye Berhanu Yilma 1,2, Joern Felix Luebben 2,* and Govindan Nalankilli 1 1 Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology [EiTEX], Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar 644, Ethiopia; berhanu.baye9@gmail.com (B.B.Y.); drgnalankilli@yahoo.com (G.N.) 2 Material and Process Engineering [MPE], Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, 72458 Albstadt, Germany * Correspondence: luebben@hs-albsig.de; Tel.: +49-(0)-7571-732-9565 Received: 20 December 2019; Accepted: 13 February 2020; Published: 24 February 2020 Abstract: The conventional chemical-based antistatic agents possess ecological and technological drawbacks, such as altering the bulk characteristics, flammability, and toxicity, but not the cost effective process. Recently, using conductive metal fibers in the woven structure also affects the mechanical properties of the fabric. To overcome these challenges, plasma treatment needs to be quite an effective method. In this study, polyester/cotton (P/C), 65/35%, blend fabric was treated in a vacuum-plasma-chamber using air, argon and oxygen. The electro-physical property of the samples were evaluated by measuring the surface and volume resistivities (ρs, ρv) using textile electrode Tera Ohmmeter (TO-3). Textile Softness Analyzer (TSA) has also been used to investigate hand-feel properties of the fabric. After treatment, the results revealed that the surface resistivity was reduced by 35.5% in the case of O2, 27.3% for air and 18.4% for Ar, and also volume resistivity was decreased by 40.9%, 20.3% and 20% after O2, air and Ar-plasma, respectively, whereas hand-feel properties are slightly affected at a higher power level and treatment time.
    [Show full text]
  • Sanmar Glossary of Terms August 2019 1X1 Rib Knit. This Narrow Rib
    SanMar Glossary of Terms August 2019 1x1 Rib Knit. This narrow rib has a soft, fine hand and retains its slim fit. 2x1 Rib Knit. Textured rib knit with a comfortable stretch—made to be worn alone or layered. 2-Way Zipper. A zipper with two zipper pulls so the garment can be unzipped from either direction. 3-in-1 Jacket. A jacket that consists of two jacket layers that zip together. You can wear either jacket layer separately, or zip them together for extra warmth and weather protection. 4-Needle Stitching. A finish commonly used on a sleeve or bottom hem that uses four needles to create parallel rows of visible stitching, giving the garment a cleaner, more finished look, as well as adding durability. 4-Way Stretch. A fabric that stretches both on the crosswise and lengthwise grains of the fabric. Also called mechanical stretch, except mechanical stretch doesn’t use spandex or other stretch yarns. Air Jet Yarn. A type of open-end spinning that uses a stationary tube in which jets of air are directed to cause fibers to twist thereby forming a yarn. This process definitely influences the soft hand feel of the fabric while maintaining excellent resistance to pilling. Airlume Combed and Ring Spun Cotton (BELLA+CANVAS). 100% Airlume combed and ring spun cotton, 32 singles. BELLA+CANVAS removes 2.5x more impurities than standard ring spun cotton and uses only long cotton staples, which means there are less stray fibers when the yarn is spun, resulting in a smoother print surface. All-Weather Microfiber.
    [Show full text]
  • SILVADUR™ Application Guidelines
    Nutrition & Biosciences SILVADUR™ FLEX Application Guidelines Pad it. Exhaust it. SILVADUR™ Antimicrobial Means Easy Application. First Time. Every Time. May 07, 2020 SILVADUR™ Antimicrobial is a liquid formulation that can be easily applied to any natural or synthetic fiber using most industry standard equipment for pad or exhaust methods. Simply defined, the pad process involves passing a fabric through a bath containing an antimicrobial product and water. The fabric is then dried to remove any excess water, leaving the antimicrobial product on the fabric. The exhaust method, on the other hand, is a batch process where fabric, garment, or yarn either in a static or dynamic set up is soaked in a circulated or non-circulated bath containing the antimicrobial product and water, and the antimicrobial product is transferred to the textile. Any excess water in the fabric is then removed and the fabric is dried, leaving the antimicrobial product on the fabric. SILVADUR™ antimicrobial efficacy and wash durability performance when applied on a variety of textiles using either pad or exhaust methods has been extensively validated globally using internationally accepted standard methods. etc. SILVADUR™ Application Level SILVADUR™ products can be applied using most industry standard conditions. If co-application of SILVADUR and auxiliary finishing chemicals is required, compatibility of the application solution should be determined in the laboratory prior to production-scale trials. It is highly recommended that SILVADUR™ be applied prior to any sacrificial, non-durable treatments during chemical finishing (e.g., before repellents, moisture wicking additives, softeners, etc.). Complete rinsing and neutralization of fabric prior to the addition of SILVADUR™ product is required in order to achieve the highest durability of the final silver-polymer system.
    [Show full text]
  • 800 Hot Lunch Equipment and Supplies 2/15/2018
    800 Hot Lunch Equipment and Supplies Manufacturer Vendor Part Description Name Manufacturer Number Number Vendor Price UOM Catalog Image Timer provides a single ring when the specified time has ended. PYRAMID 800105 :Kitchen One hour timing capacity. Measures 2 1/2" diameter. White. SCHOOL Timer LUX 242859 242859 PRODUCTS $8.79 Each 6 spoons per box. Stainless steel flatware, teaspoon. OFFICE 800110 :Spoons SETTINGS CTTS OSICTTS Brown & Saenger $14.76 Pack 1,000 per carton. Strong, heavy weight, shatter-resistant, made of 800115 :Plastic durable white plastic. Cutlery - Teaspoons Solo GD7TW 812997 Staples Advantage $26.99 Case 1,000 per carton. Spoons. Medium weight, black. 800118 :Plastic Egan Supply Cutlery - Teaspoons SAFETY ZONE CPSHWTSBKE1 CPSHWTSBKE1 Company $7.29 Case 6 per box. Stainless steel flatware, forks. OFFICE 800120 :Forks SETTINGS CTDF OSICTDF Brown & Saenger $14.76 Pack 1,000 per carton. Strong, heavy weight, shatter-resistant, made of 800125 :Plastic durable white plastic. Cutlery - Forks Solo GD5FW 806436 Staples Advantage $26.99 Case 1,000 per carton. Forks. Medium weight, black. 800128 :Plastic Egan Supply Cutlery - Forks SAFETY ZONE CPSHWFKBKE1 CPSHWFKBKE1 Company $7.29 Case 6 per box. Stainless steel flatware, knives. OFFICE 800130 :Knives SETTINGS CTDK OSICTDK Brown & Saenger $14.76 Pack 1,000 per carton. Strong, heavy weight, shatter-resistant, made of 800135 :Plastic durable white plastic. Cutlery - Knives Solo GD6KW 806401 Staples Advantage $26.99 Case 1,000 per carton. Knives. Medium weight, black. 800138 :Plastic Egan Supply Cutlery - Knives SAFETY ZONE CPSHWKNBKE1 CPSHWKNBKE1 Company $7.29 Case 1,000 per carton. Soup Spoon. Medium weight, black.
    [Show full text]
  • Clean Trends in Textile Wet Processing Dalia F
    Science ile & Ibrahim, J Textile Sci Eng 2012, 2:5 xt e E T n f g i DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000e106 o n l e a e n r r i n u Journal of Textile Science & Engineering g o J ISSN: 2165-8064 Editorial OpenOpen Access Access Clean Trends in Textile Wet Processing Dalia F. Ibrahim* Faculty of Applied Arts, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt Textile industries are facing a challenging condition in the field of quality and productivity, due to the globalization of the world market. The highly competitive atmosphere and as the ecological parameters becoming more stringent, it becomes the prime concern of the textile processor to be conscious about quality and ecology. Again the guidelines for the textile processing industries by the pollution control boards create concern over the environment-friendliness of the processes, making it essential for innovations and changes in the processes [1]. Textile wet processing, is consider as a big and important sector in textile industry, with a wide range of procedures, which affect the final product appearance and quality. Wet processing occurs at various stages in the creation of textiles, as shown in Figure 1. This is the most widely used wet processing flow-chart on the Figure 2 contemporary textile industry. As textile industry is searching for innovative production techniques to improve the product quality, liquids and gaseous media. With reference to the properties of human as well as society requires new finishing techniques working in ear, high frequency inaudible oscillations are ultrasonic or supersonic. environmental respect [2]. In other words, while the normal range of human hearing is in between 16 Hz and 16 kHz, ultrasonic frequencies lie between 20 kHz and 500 Through this review article, we focus on the most innovated trends MHz.
    [Show full text]
  • Claims Junta Beaten Earlier This Month, a 10-Year- the Hospital's Intensive Care Imlt
    V. -A WEDNESDAY, JULY 21, 1971 PAGE THIRTY-TWO lSlanrl|(PBt?r. lEvraittg UmiUi Most Manchester Stores Open Tonight Until 9 O’Clock ed yesterday by Vernon PoUce /■ Hazards Cited V em on T eeii on a warrant issued by Circuit Average Daily Net Press Run Court 12 charging him with / The Weather breach of peace by asmult. Mmmmmmake For H m Week Ended Hurt in Fall The alleged incident happened Many Home Pools Violate ’ July 17, 1971 Fair tonight but early a.m. July 13 at a local business es­ fog developing; low In 60*. To­ From C liff tablishment. Building Code for Town ^upntnn Ulrrall) morrow clearing, becoming quite Arrested by warrant also on It a 1 5 ,0 0 0 warm; high near 90. the same charge was Gary WARNING — Swimming well. Failure to comply with the A Ifl-yearold Vernon youth Manchester— A City of Village Charm Bannon, 17, of 61 Park West pools may be hazardous to your building code is a misdemeanor who fell 80 feet over a cliff Sun­ health. — and each day the* pool is in Dr., Rockville. Both youths are day night in Lagiina, Calif., was According to the town build- violation is a separate offense, scheduled to appear in Circuit Restful Summer! VOL. LXXXX, NO. 248 (TWENTY-FOUR PAGES—TWO SECTIONS) MANCHESTER, CONN., THURSDAY, JULY 22, 1971 (CiMelfled Advertiatnc on Page 21) PRICE FIFTEEN CENTS described as in "very poor” con­ ing office, a considerable num- Any<me violating the code is Court, Rockville, Aug. 13. dition today by a spokesman ber of private swimming pools subject to a fine o f ‘up to $25 a Cook in or cook out, but select the foods that re­ from the South Coast Oommim- Wesley Hollister, 62, 346 Oak­ in violation of the town building day.
    [Show full text]
  • Engage Promote Partner
    ENGAGE PROMOTE PARTNER 820 Jorie Boulevard Oak Brook, Illinois 60523-2251 USA Telephone: 1-630-571-2670 Toll Free: U.S. and Canada: 1-800-381-6660 Main Fax: 1-630-571-7837 RSNA.org/Promote RSNA.org/Promote 143666COVER_r2_CCC116 Corporate Partners Sponsorship Kit.indd 1 10/23/15 1:10 AM TABLE OF CONTENTS ENGAGE About RSNA ................ 1 Member Demographics....... 3 Annual Meeting Profile ....... 4 PROMOTE Sponsored Education ........ 6 Traffic Generators........... 7 Signage................... 9 Print ..................... 9 Digital .................... 10 Meeting Suites ............. 10 Year-round Opportunities ..... 12 PARTNER Corporate Partners Program ..14 Contact Information ......... 16 143666COVER_r2_CCC116 Corporate Partners Sponsorship Kit.indd 2 10/23/15 1:10 AM ENGAGE Engage with key buyers and decision makers in the radiology specialty when you harness the marketing power of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). Identify and target your best prospects using RSNA tools that define the specialty’s epicenter for knowledge, innovation, and networking. Your engagement with RSNA’s membership delivers 54,000 of the radiology specialty’s premier professionals—as well as CIOs, consultants, and other decision makers who attend the RSNA annual meeting—at your doorstep throughout the year, ready to explore the latest and most innovative products serving the medical imaging community. RSNA is the starting point for radiology professionals throughout the year. PROMOTE RSNA offers year-round promotional vehicles, plus special on-site sponsorship opportunities during the RSNA Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting, allowing you to blanket the entire marketplace with your message, generate inquiries, and build interest in your products and services. The result: Increased sales that grow your bottom line.
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Trends in Textile and Apparel Finishes
    International Journal of Engineering Science Invention (IJESI) ISSN (Online): 2319 – 6734, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 6726 www.ijesi.org ||Volume 8 Issue 08 Series. I || Aug 2019 || PP 59-63 Recent Trends in Textile and Apparel Finishes Ms.N.Gayathri 1 & Mrs.V.A.Rinsey Antony2 1. Assistant Professor, Dept. Of Costume Design and Fashion Sri Krishna Arts and Science College, Coimbatore (India) 2. Assistant Professor, Dept. Of Costume Design and Fashion Sri Krishna Arts and Science College, Coimbatore (India) Corresponding Author: Ms.N.Gayathri Abstract: The Indian textile industry is as diverse as the country is and as complex an entity. There is an organised, decentralised sector and down the line, there are weavers, artisans as well as the farmers. Emerging technologies will always be the best available technologies keeping energy saving in mind as policy makers and regulators are addressing environmental issues in industries with the application of abatement strategy. This will improve the environmental performance of the industries and also limits pollutant discharges and helps the environment. Textile producers can sustain their competitiveness in a liberalised and competition-driven market only when they are able to develop new markets and enhance productivity by raising their real end product and investing in emerging technology. Added value can be obtained only by shifting away from labour-intensive mass products and concentrating on new, high-quality specialised products. Key words: environment Finishing, innovation, technology, textile. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- Date of Submission: 05-08-2019 Date of acceptance: 20-08-2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- I. INTRODUCTION: A textile is any kind of woven, knitted, knotted (as in macramé) or tufted cloth, or a non- woven fabric (a cloth made of fibers that have been bonded into a fabric, e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Effective Mechanical and Chemical Washing Process in Garment Industries
    American Journal of Applied Physics Monoroma Hossain et al. American http://www.ivyunion.org/index.php/ajaphy Journal of Applied Physics 2017, 2:1-25 Page 1 of 25 6Re search Article Effective Mechanical and Chemical Washing Process in Garment Industries Monoroma Hossain1,3, Md. Shakhawat Hossain Rony1,3*, K. M. Faridul Hasan1,3, Md. Kawsar Hossain2,3, Md. Azharul Hossain2,3, and Yang Zhou1 1School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, China 2School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, China 3Department of Textile Engineering, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Abstract Garment washing is a significant part of garment industries and it is mainly applied on denim garments and any other casual garments. In the primary stage garment does not inherit customer’s desired properties but after washing it become most widely used due to its new appearance, softness, comfort, strength and low cost, which create customer’s absolute satisfaction. Garment washing process is provided with a lucrative and glassy outlook by chemical or wet washing process and mechanical or dry washing process. The most widely used dry washing processes for garment are scraping, spraying, whiskering, damages, spots, rubbing and tacking contrariwise wet washing processes for garment to develop new a look and effect are normal wash or rinse wash, pigment wash, caustic wash, silicon wash, enzyme wash, stone wash, stone enzyme wash, bleach wash and acid wash. This study gives an indication different types washing process and the change of physical and chemical properties due to application of wet and dry washing processes as an imparting desired effect on garments.
    [Show full text]
  • Angora/Merino and Eri Silk: a New Union Woven Fabric for Fashion
    DOI: 10.15740/HAS/AJHS/10.2/437-441 esearch aper e ISSN-0976-8351 Visit us: www.researchjournal.co.in R P AsianAJHS Journal of Home Science Volume 10 | Issue 2 | December, 2015 | 437-441 Angora/merino and eri silk: a new union woven fabric for fashion REENA GARBYAL Received: 09.09.2014; Revised: 12.11.2015; Accepted: 21.11.2015 ABSTRACT : Woven designed fabrics with ecofriendly fibre are more in demand. Now-a- days consumer are fashion and health conscious so that they switch towards the ecofriendly fabrics. In this paper, woven designed union fabric has been woven in dobby loom by using twisted angora/merino (38.84 tex), untwisted angora/merino (36.65 tex) and eri silk (27.23 tex) yarns. Total number of 6 union woven fabrics were prepared by using 3 types of design i.e. zigzag, combination of herringbone and basket weave and combination of twill and plain weave from which three union woven fabrics with eri as warp and untwisted angora/merino as weft Author for Correspondence : and three union fabric with twisted angora/merino as warp and eri as weft were made. These REENA GARBYAL designed woven union fabrics were assessed for fashion fabric. It was found that designed Department of Clothing and union fabrics suitable for apparel purpose. Textiles, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture KEY WORDS: Union fabric, Eri silk, Angora/merino and weave and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. NAGAR (UTTARAKHAND) INDIA HOW TO CITE THIS PAPER : Garbyal, Reena (2015). Angora/merino and eri silk: a new union Email : reenagarbyal@gmail.com woven fabric for fashion.
    [Show full text]
  • A Recycling Reality Check: What Actually Happens to Things We Put in Our Blue Recycling Bins?
    City and County of San Francisco 2019-2020 Civil Grand Jury A Recycling Reality Check: What Actually Happens to Things We Put in Our Blue Recycling Bins? The Civil Grand Jury The Civil Grand Jury is a government oversight panel of volunteers who serve for one year. It makes findings and recommendations resulting from its investigations. Reports of the Civil Grand Jury do not identify individuals by name. Disclosure of information about individuals interviewed by the jury is prohibited. California Penal Code, section 929 State Law Requirement California Penal Code, section 933.05 Each published report includes a list of those public entities that are required to respond to the Presiding Judge of the Superior Court within 60 to 90 days as specified. A copy must be sent to the Board of Supervisors. All responses are made available to the public. For each finding, the response must: 1) agree with the finding, or 2) disagree with it, wholly or partially, and explain why. As to each recommendation the responding party must report that: 1) the recommendation has been implemented, with a summary explanation; or 2) the recommendation has not been implemented but will be within a set timeframe as provided; or 3) the recommendation requires further analysis. The officer or agency head must define what additional study is needed. The Grand Jury expects a progress report within six months; or 4) the recommendation will not be implemented because it is not warranted or reasonable, with an explanation. 2019-2020 CGJ: Recycling Reality Check: What Actually
    [Show full text]