The Cuticle Micromorphology of Extant and Fossil
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Kinematic Reconstruction of the Caribbean Region Since the Early Jurassic
Earth-Science Reviews 138 (2014) 102–136 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Earth-Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/earscirev Kinematic reconstruction of the Caribbean region since the Early Jurassic Lydian M. Boschman a,⁎, Douwe J.J. van Hinsbergen a, Trond H. Torsvik b,c,d, Wim Spakman a,b, James L. Pindell e,f a Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD Utrecht, The Netherlands b Center for Earth Evolution and Dynamics (CEED), University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 24, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway c Center for Geodynamics, Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), Leiv Eirikssons vei 39, 7491 Trondheim, Norway d School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, WITS 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa e Tectonic Analysis Ltd., Chestnut House, Duncton, West Sussex, GU28 OLH, England, UK f School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3YE, UK article info abstract Article history: The Caribbean oceanic crust was formed west of the North and South American continents, probably from Late Received 4 December 2013 Jurassic through Early Cretaceous time. Its subsequent evolution has resulted from a complex tectonic history Accepted 9 August 2014 governed by the interplay of the North American, South American and (Paleo-)Pacific plates. During its entire Available online 23 August 2014 tectonic evolution, the Caribbean plate was largely surrounded by subduction and transform boundaries, and the oceanic crust has been overlain by the Caribbean Large Igneous Province (CLIP) since ~90 Ma. The consequent Keywords: absence of passive margins and measurable marine magnetic anomalies hampers a quantitative integration into GPlates Apparent Polar Wander Path the global circuit of plate motions. -
The Jurassic Fossil Wood Diversity from Western Liaoning, NE China
Jiang et al. Journal of Palaeogeography (2019) 8:1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42501-018-0018-y Journal of Palaeogeography RESEARCH Open Access The Jurassic fossil wood diversity from western Liaoning, NE China Zi-Kun Jiang1,2, Yong-Dong Wang2,3*, Ning Tian4,5, Ao-Wei Xie2,6, Wu Zhang7, Li-Qin Li2 and Min Huang1 Abstract Western Liaoning is a unique region in China that bears diverse types of Jurassic plants, including leaves, fern rhizomes, and wood, providing significant proxy for vegetation and palaeoenvironment reconstruction of the well-known Yanliao Flora in East Asia. In particular, the silicified wood is very abundant in the fossil Lagerstätte of the Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation in Beipiao, western Liaoning. Previous and recent systematic investigations documented a high diversity of the Jurassic wood assemblages. These assemblages are dominated by conifers, followed by cycads and ginkgoaleans. In total, about 30 species belonging to 21 genera of fossil wood have been recorded so far, which are represented by Cycadopsida, Ginkgopsida, Coniferopsida, and Gymnospermae incertae sedis. The evolutionary implications of several distinctive fossil wood taxa as well as palaeoclimate implications are summarized based on their anatomical structures and growth ring patterns. This work approaches the vegetation development and evolutionary significances of the wood taxa and their relatives, and provides clues for the further understanding of the diversity of the Jurassic Yanliao Flora in East Asia. Keywords: Fossil wood, Diversity, Evolution, Tiaojishan Formation, Jurassic 1 Introduction 2004;Wangetal.,2009). Among these localities, western Fossil floras are a significant record for the vegetation Liaoning is a well-known fossil Lagerstätte with diverse and for the palaeoenvironment reconstructions of the and well-preserved fossil plant foliages and wood (Zhang Mesozoic. -
Lessons from 20 Years of Plant Genome Sequencing: an Unprecedented Resource in Need of More Diverse Representation
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.31.446451; this version posted May 31, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Lessons from 20 years of plant genome sequencing: an unprecedented resource in need of more diverse representation Authors: Rose A. Marks1,2,3, Scott Hotaling4, Paul B. Frandsen5,6, and Robert VanBuren1,2 1. Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA 2. Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA 3. Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa 4. School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA 5. Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA 6. Data Science Lab, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA Keywords: plants, embryophytes, genomics, colonialism, broadening participation Correspondence: Rose A. Marks, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Email: [email protected]; Phone: (603) 852-3190; ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7102-5959 Abstract The field of plant genomics has grown rapidly in the past 20 years, leading to dramatic increases in both the quantity and quality of publicly available genomic resources. With an ever- expanding wealth of genomic data from an increasingly diverse set of taxa, unprecedented potential exists to better understand the evolution and genome biology of plants. -
Life in the End-Permian Dead Zone
Life in the end-Permian dead zone Cindy V. Looy*†, Richard J. Twitchett‡, David L. Dilcher§, Johanna H. A. Van Konijnenburg-Van Cittert*, and Henk Visscher* *Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD Utrecht, The Netherlands; ‡Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0740; and §Paleobotany Laboratory, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 Contributed by David L. Dilcher, May 1, 2001 The fossil record of land plants is an obvious source of information ecological crisis. On the basis of palynological data from a ‘‘dead on the dynamics of mass extinctions in the geological past. In zone’’ in a Permian–Triassic (P-Tr) transition sequence from conjunction with the end-Permian ecological crisis, Ϸ250 million East Greenland, in this paper we document evidence of non- years ago, palynological data from East Greenland reveal some equilibrium vegetation dynamics resulting in selective but time- unanticipated patterns. We document the significant time lag delayed extinctions among woody gymnosperms. between terrestrial ecosystem collapse and selective extinction among characteristic Late Permian plants. Furthermore, ecological The End-Permian ‘‘Dead Zone’’ crisis resulted in an initial increase in plant diversity, instead of a Latest Permian and earliest Triassic sediments in East Green- decrease. Paradoxically, these floral patterns correspond to a land (Fig. 1) are represented by the upper part of the Schuchert ‘‘dead zone’’ in the end-Permian faunal record, characterized by a Dal Formation and the overlying Wordie Creek Formation. The paucity of marine invertebrate megafossils. The time-delayed, predominantly fine-grained siliciclastic sediments of these for- end-Permian plant extinctions resemble modeled ‘‘extinction mations were deposited in a narrow, elongate, shallow-marine debt’’ responses of multispecies metapopulations to progressive basin. -
A Large Explosive Silicic Eruption in the British Palaeogene Igneous Province.', ScientiC Reports., 9 (1)
Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 08 February 2019 Version of attached le: Published Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Troll, Valentin R. and Emeleus, C. Henry and Nicoll, Graeme R. and Mattsson, Tobias and Ellam, Robert M. and Donaldson, Colin H. and Harris, Chris (2019) 'A large explosive silicic eruption in the British Palaeogene Igneous Province.', Scientic reports., 9 (1). p. 494. Further information on publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35855-w Publisher's copyright statement: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. -
A Visual Guide to Collecting Plant Tissues for DNA
A visual guide to collecting plant tissues for DNA Collecting kit checklist Silica gel1 Permanent marker and pencil Resealable bags, airtight plastic container Razor blade / Surgical scissors Empty tea bags or coffee filters Ethanol and paper tissue or ethanol wipes Tags or jewellers tags Plant press and collecting book 1. Selection and preparation of fresh plant tissue: Sampling avoided. Breaking up leaf material will bruise the plant tissue, which will result in enzymes being released From a single plant, harvest 3 – 5 mature leaves, or that cause DNA degradation. Ideally, leaf material sample a piece of a leaf, if large (Picture A). Ideally should be cut into smaller fragments with thick a leaf area of 5 – 10 cm2 should be enough, but this midribs being removed (Picture C). If sampling robust amount should be adjusted if the plant material is leaf tissue (e.g. cycads, palms), use a razor blade or rich in water (e.g. a succulent plant). If leaves are surgical scissors (Picture D). small (e.g. ericoid leaves), sample enough material to equate a leaf area of 5 – 10 cm2. If no leaves are Succulent plants available, other parts can be sampled such as leaf buds, flowers, bracts, seeds or even fresh bark. If the If the leaves are succulent, use a razor blade to plant is small, select the biggest specimen, but never remove epidermal slices or scoop out parenchyma combine tissues from different individuals. tissue (Picture E). Cleaning Ideally, collect clean fresh tissues, however if the leaf or plant material is dirty or shows potential contamination (e.g. -
JUDD W.S. Et. Al. (2002) Plant Systematics: a Phylogenetic Approach. Chapter 7. an Overview of Green
UNCORRECTED PAGE PROOFS An Overview of Green Plant Phylogeny he word plant is commonly used to refer to any auto- trophic eukaryotic organism capable of converting light energy into chemical energy via the process of photosynthe- sis. More specifically, these organisms produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll inside of organelles called chloroplasts. Sometimes the term plant is extended to include autotrophic prokaryotic forms, especially the (eu)bacterial lineage known as the cyanobacteria (or blue- green algae). Many traditional botany textbooks even include the fungi, which differ dramatically in being heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms that enzymatically break down living or dead organic material and then absorb the simpler products. Fungi appear to be more closely related to animals, another lineage of heterotrophs characterized by eating other organisms and digesting them inter- nally. In this chapter we first briefly discuss the origin and evolution of several separately evolved plant lineages, both to acquaint you with these important branches of the tree of life and to help put the green plant lineage in broad phylogenetic perspective. We then focus attention on the evolution of green plants, emphasizing sev- eral critical transitions. Specifically, we concentrate on the origins of land plants (embryophytes), of vascular plants (tracheophytes), of 1 UNCORRECTED PAGE PROOFS 2 CHAPTER SEVEN seed plants (spermatophytes), and of flowering plants dons.” In some cases it is possible to abandon such (angiosperms). names entirely, but in others it is tempting to retain Although knowledge of fossil plants is critical to a them, either as common names for certain forms of orga- deep understanding of each of these shifts and some key nization (e.g., the “bryophytic” life cycle), or to refer to a fossils are mentioned, much of our discussion focuses on clade (e.g., applying “gymnosperms” to a hypothesized extant groups. -
Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration Institute of Turkey
BULLETIN OF THE MINERAL RESEARCH AND EXPLORATION INSTITUTE OF TURKEY Foreign Edition October 1981 -April 1982 Number : 97/98 CONTENTS Stratigraphy and sedimentary evolution of the Antalya Complex: Isparta province, Turkey f.W.F. Waldron 1 Petrology and interpretation of the Origin of Quaternary volcanics in the Dat9a Peninsula . .. Tuncay Ercan; Erdoğdu Günay; Halil Baş and Bülent Can 21 Structural investigation of Guleman (Elazığ) ophiolite Yuzuf Ziya Özkan 32 On the Presence of Villania (Ammonoidea) in Turkey Füsun Alkaya 40 Induced Polarization method on lignite prospection of Muğla-Tınas M. Işık Turgay 44 New discoveries in the mining history of Turkey in the neighborhood of Gümüşköy, Kütahya Ergun Kaptan 60 A note on the occurence of Permo-Carboniferous in the southeast of Afyon region Bilge Erişen 68 Blueschists discovered1 east of Saros Bay in thrace Kamil Şentürk and Aral I. Okay 72 Abstracts of the papers published only in the Turkish edition of this bulletin 76 Bu nüshada yazı işlerini fiilen idare edenler-Editors: Ziver ÖNCEL-Özcan YAZLAK GENERAL DIRECTOR M. Sıtkı SANCAR EDITORIAL BOARD Ziver ÖNCEL (President) Tandoğan ENGİN M. Cemal GÖNCÜOĞLU İsmail HENDEN Ercüment SİREL Okan TEKELİ Evren YAZGAN Özcan YAZLAK Aykut YILDIRIM PUBLICATION MANAGER Mualla ERGUN SECRETARY Fügen MUTLUER POSTAL ADDRESS Maden Tetkik ve Arama Enstitüsü Genel Direktörlüğü Redaksiyon Kurulu Sekreterliği Ankara - TURKEY The Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration Institute (MTA) is published twice yearly. Each issiue appears in Turkish and foreign editions. The Bulletin can be purchased directly or by post from: Maden Tetkik ve Arama Enstitüsü, Bilimsel Dokümantasyon ve Yayın Dairesi, Neşriyat Servisi, Ankara - TURKEY. -
Ginkgoites Ticoensis</Italic>
Leaf Cuticle Anatomy and the Ultrastructure of Ginkgoites ticoensis Archang. from the Aptian of Patagonia Author(s): Georgina M. Del Fueyo, Gaëtan Guignard, Liliana Villar de Seoane, and Sergio Archangelsky Reviewed work(s): Source: International Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol. 174, No. 3, Special Issue: Conceptual Advances in Fossil Plant Biology Edited by Gar Rothwell and Ruth Stockey (March/April 2013), pp. 406-424 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/668221 . Accessed: 15/03/2013 17:43 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The University of Chicago Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to International Journal of Plant Sciences. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded on Fri, 15 Mar 2013 17:43:56 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Int. J. Plant Sci. 174(3):406–424. 2013. Ó 2013 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 1058-5893/2013/17403-0013$15.00 DOI: 10.1086/668221 LEAF CUTICLE ANATOMY AND THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF GINKGOITES TICOENSIS ARCHANG. FROM THE APTIAN OF PATAGONIA Georgina M. Del Fueyo,1,* Gae¨tan Guignard,y Liliana Villar de Seoane,* and Sergio Archangelsky* *Divisio´n Paleobota´nica, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘‘Bernardino Rivadavia,’’ CONICET, Av. -
X. the Conifers and Ginkgo
X. The Conifers and Ginkgo Now we turn our attention to the Coniferales, another great assemblage of seed plants. First let's compare the conifers with the cycads: Cycads Conifers few apical meristems per plant many apical meristems per plant leaves pinnately divided leaves undivided wood manoxylic wood pycnoxylic seeds borne on megaphylls seeds borne on stems We should also remember that these two groups have a lot in common. To begin with, they are both groups of woody seed plants. They are united by a small set of derived features: 1) the basic structure of the stele (a eustele or a sympodium, two words for the same thing) and no leaf gaps 2) the design of the apical meristem (many initials, subtended by a slowly dividing group of cells called the central mother zone) 3) the design of the tracheids (circular-bordered pits with a torus) We have three new seed plant orders to examine this week: A. Cordaitales This is yet another plant group from the coal forest. (Find it on the Peabody mural!) The best-known genus, Cordaites, is a tree with pycnoxylic wood bearing leaves up to about a foot and a half long and four inches wide. In addition, these trees bore sporangia (micro- and mega-) in strobili in the axils of these big leaves. The megasporangia were enclosed in ovules. Look at fossils of leaves and pollen-bearing shoots of Cordaites. The large, many-veined megaphylls are ancestral to modern pine needles; the shoots are ancestral to pollen-bearing strobili of modern conifers. 67 B. -
Fundamentals of Palaeobotany Fundamentals of Palaeobotany
Fundamentals of Palaeobotany Fundamentals of Palaeobotany cuGU .叮 v FimditLU'φL-EjAA ρummmm 吋 eαymGfr 伊拉ddd仇側向iep M d、 況 O C O W Illustrations by the author uc削 ∞叩N Nn凹創 刊,叫MH h 咀 可 白 a aEE-- EEA First published in 1987 by Chapman αndHallLtd 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Published in the USA by Chα~pman and H all 29 West 35th Street: New Yo地 NY 10001 。 1987 S. V. M秒len Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1987 ISBN-13: 978-94-010-7916-7 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-3151-0 DO1: 10.1007/978-94-009-3151-0 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted, or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Mey凹, Sergei V. Fundamentals of palaeobotany. 1. Palaeobotany I. Title 11. Osnovy paleobotaniki. English 561 QE905 Library 01 Congress Catα loging in Publication Data Mey凹, Sergei Viktorovich. Fundamentals of palaeobotany. Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Paleobotany. I. Title. QE904.AIM45 561 8ι13000 Contents Foreword page xi Introduction xvii Acknowledgements xx Abbreviations xxi 1. Preservation 抄'pes αnd techniques of study of fossil plants 1 2. Principles of typology and of nomenclature of fossil plants 5 Parataxa and eutaxa S Taxa and characters 8 Peculiarity of the taxonomy and nomenclature of fossil plants 11 The binary (dual) system of fossil plants 12 The reasons for the inflation of generic na,mes 13 The species problem in palaeobotany lS The polytypic concept of the species 17 Assemblage-genera and assemblage-species 17 The cladistic methods 18 3. -
Jurassic Flora of Cape 1,Isburne Alaska
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOR THE JURASSIC FLORA OF CAPE 1,ISBURNE ALASKA F. H. KNOWLTON Publishecl January 28, 1914 PART D OF PROFESSIONAL PAPER 85, "CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY 1913" WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1914 CONTENTS. Page . Introduction ............................................................................................ 39 The Corwin formation ..................................................................................... 39 Plant collections ......................................................................................... 40 Age of the plant-bearing beds ............................................................................. 41 Distribution of Jurassic floras ............................................................................. 43 Geographicrange .................................................................................... 43 Means of dispersal ................................................................................... 45 Avenues of dispersal ................................................................................. 45 Probable climatic conditions .......................................................................... 46 .The flora ................................................................................................ 46 ILLUSTRATIONS. Page . PLATESV-VIII . Jurassic flora of Cape Lisburne, Alaska .................................................... 57-64 THE' JUR,ASSIC FLORA OF CAPE