Jun 2013 Shamrock Leaf

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Jun 2013 Shamrock Leaf Exploring our Irish heritage— the Middle Island Project Page 15 2 Shamrock Leaf June 2013 Inside This Issue: Letters to the Editor………..... …...4 Secrets of an abandoned village…..5 ICCA Chapter News….6, 13, 32, 42 A little bit of Ireland in Paris.….. ...8 Death of an elderly Irish pauper…..9 Watch out where you dig ……….10 Rt. Rev. William Dollard………..11 ‘Nuns” caught drinking illegally...14 Exploring our Irish Heritage ..…..15 Irish Festival 2013……………….18 Advertising Rates for the Shamrock Leaf ($CAN): Jeremiah O’Leary—a tragic end...20 Business card size……………………………..$25 News from PEI …………….. …..21 1/4 page………………………………………..$45 McCloskey’s General Store……..22 1/2 page………………………………………..$60 Front Page Banner……………………………..$100 An Irish stamp album ……….......24 Full page……………………………………….$100 Does Anyone Know?..........….….26 Full Page Back Cover………………………….$200 Irish immigrant communities……28 Advertising requests should be given to an ICCA member in your area The way we said it……………….29 or sent to :[email protected] An immigrant’s story……………34 Our Irish beginnings …………….37 Down on Moody’s Point ………..39 From the Bookshelf……………..40 Set dancing in the Maritimes…....44 Logic Puzzle……………………..46 Bits and Pieces....................……..47 The Shamrock Leaf is a publication of the Irish Canadian Cultural Association of New Brunswick (ICCANB). All materials contained herein are copyrighted to either the ICCANB or the individual contributors/authors and, as such, may not be copied or otherwise used for any other purpose without written permission from the copyright holder. The Shamrock Leaf is published twice a year—June and December. Designed by ICCANB; Printed by Acadie Presse, Caraquet, NB. Deadlines for submission are April 15th and October 15th respectively. Anyone wishing to submit to an issue should first contact the Editor at: [email protected] or by regular mail to: Editor, ICCANB, 261 Cape Breton Rd., Irishtown, NB E1H 1W7 Canada June 2013 Shamrock Leaf 3 overdue recognition from first step towards inclusion tory of New Brunswick the province of NB. and recognition. found on the government’s Representing 42% of In the meantime, the new own website: http:// New Brunswickers, we feel Cultural Policy of New www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/ strongly that our govern- Brunswick is being slowly en/gateways/about_nb/ ment’s inclusion of the rewritten. history.html. We are province’s Celtic people However, In order to given two lines in para- under the banner of ‘other keep our issue of official graph five – and both sen- Anglophone cultures’ is a recognition in the fore- tences are incorrect. result of simple ignorance front, we are now sending Celtic New Brunswickers of our history and culture – our brief and recommenda- have long been quiet – it is and sadly, wrong. Indeed, tions on the Celtic peoples’ part of our cultural identity with names like McLaugh- place in New Brunswick’s to ‘not upset the apple Welcome to the spring lan, Nowlan, McGraw and Cultural Identity to all cart’. In this province issue! Caissie, many of us are MLA’s in New Brunswick we’ve always been cultur- Rather than go on about ‘francophone’ as well. so that they too will be in- ally proud but vocally si- what’s inside, I’d like to Representatives of the formed of our request. lent. The time has come to use this space to bring you Celtic Affairs Committee Is it necessary? Are we be ‘loud and proud’ before up-to-date on a very impor- met with the Minister of upsetting the apple cart? we are forgotten all to- tant issue. Tourism, Heritage and Cul- ‘Yes’ to the first question gether. In the December issue we ture, Trevor Holder, and and ‘perhaps’ to the sec- Linda Evans revealed that the Irish and others in November regard- ond. Regardless, it is the Scottish Associations had ing the province’s new right thing to do. Anyone Downtown Irishtown formed a Celtic Affairs Cultural Policy. The meet- who may think otherwise Email: Committee to seek long- ing was positive and the should read the brief his- [email protected] The President’s Message proud. through this latest Sham- My term as Provincial This is also the year the rock Leaf that our editors President concludes this government of the Republic have created, and consider fall, and with my last op- of Ireland has chosen to the stories and events as portunity to hold court in celebrate homecoming, part of a much wider cycle these pages I offer the fol- calling this year “The Gath- of life. lowing to everyone: Farrell ering Ireland 2013.” My thanks to our McCarthy wrote in the Maybe they heard about Board of Directors and our Winter of 2008: “We had our anniversary and de- Chapters for making my our first Board meeting on cided to take advantage of term a fun-filled and event- April 30th, 1983, in the art it. Regardless, when you ful one, and I am very hum- gallery in Fredericton.” He think of the estimated 80 bled to have followed in the was writing in reference to million people with Irish footsteps of the many car- our 25th anniversary as the editors for another excellent blood around the world, we ing and diligent leaders of ICCANB. This year we issue. do belong to a rather large our Association who have celebrate our 30th year, not community; perhaps we done so much to keep the a small feat by any organi- - Bruce Driscoll could better call it a family. Irish spirit alive and well in zation and one of which ICCANB President Think about both of this Province. Also, in both current members and [email protected] these events as you read closing, I want to thank our the founders should be 4 Shamrock Leaf June 2013 Letters to the Editor Calling all Kouchibouquac Kellys! Brosnan Gathering in County Kerry Dear Editor: Dear Editor: I am planning a reunion of Kelly’s and relatives that Could you please make your readers aware of the fol- originated from Kouchibouguac, NB, where we had our begin- lowing, in the event some may be in Ireland during our family ning in 1820. gathering? Lawrence G. Kelly came to Canada from Ireland and Brosnans from all over the world are set to converge on settled in the Kouchibouguac area at this time, acquired land Castleisland and its surrounding villages from grants and started his family. I have done a family tree of Law- July 25th to 28th 2013 for the Kerry Brosnan Family Reunion, rence and his relatives numbering over 800 so far! We will have as part of the East Kerry Roots Festival 2013. An invitation a ‘meet and greet’ beginning in the afternoon of 12 July 2012, is being extended to all Brosnan clan members locally, nation- with a BBQ on 13 July, followed by visits to the Kouchi- ally and internationally to join bouguac national park, fishing and boat rides for those who this ancient clan and celebrate their proud heritage. This four- desire, and many more activities. There will be a sharing of day gathering gives Brosnans from around the world, and any- family information relating to family trees. All those wishing to one with Brosnan ancestry, the chance to rediscover their roots. attend can contact me at Phone; 506-876-3748 or email at The proceedings will culminate in the inauguration of a new [email protected] Brosnan clan chieftain. - Joseph E Kelly (by email) You do not have to be a Brosnan to join in the festivi- ties. The variety of festival events planned for The Nelson Doyle Dancers deserve praise East Kerry Roots Festival 2013 weekend, are designed to suit anybody with an interest in genealogy, culture or heritage. For Dear Editor: some this will be an opportunity to visit the place of their birth, Recently, Moncton held its 13th annual IrishFest to cele- for others, the birth place of their ancestors. For all, it will be brate our Irish heritage and share with the community. This an occasion to relive and create fond memories over a joyous years’ Celtic Revue was memorable, with a variety of perform- weekend. ers accentuating the Irish tradition of songs, dance, storytelling, For further information on the Kerry Brosnan Clan Gathering and the playing of instruments. For the first year it also in- check: cluded the Nelson-Doyle Irish Dancers. www.eastkerryroots.com I was so impressed that I felt compelled to write about Geraldine Brick (via email) their performance. I was spellbound by their excellent chore- ography, and unique, authentic costumes. The dancers gave What happened to the survivors of the Carrick’s? the audience a smooth flow of performances, each done with precise execution and uniformity. Always right on cue! Their Dear Editor: dancers were of varying ages, but all so passionate in their Thank you for John McKeon's article, "Sligo's Famine craft. These dancers projected such a powerful presence! Irish Diaspora & Gathering 2013" (Dec. 2012 edition.) Dance is unique, and this troupe captured the true essence of I also enjoyed the Feature Story in Shamrock Leaf of the Irish art form. June 2012, "From Lissadell to Saint John- Sligo's Famine Story" I can only imagine the countless hours of practice, mir- and comments on the famine ship 'Carrick's' which was wrecked rored by the commitment of founder and driving force, Ellen off the coast of Cap Des Rosiers, Gaspe in 1847. Doyle MacDonald, the parents, peers, community, sponsors I have been researching the Carrick's for several years and and friends, as well as the dancers themselves. This is no small did a presentation on survivors of the ill- fated ship last summer undertaking.
Recommended publications
  • RS24 S1- S43 Introduction
    The General Assembly of New Brunswick: Its History and Records The Beginnings The History The Records in Context The History of the Sessional Records (RS24) The Organization of the Sessional Records (RS24) A Note on Spellings Notes on Place Names List of Lieutenant-Governors and Administrators Guide to Sessional Records (RS24) on Microfilm 1 The Beginnings: On August 18, 1784, two months after the new province of New Brunswick was established, Governor Thomas Carleton was instructed by Royal Commission from King George III to summon and call a General Assembly. The steps taken by Governor Carleton in calling this assembly are detailed in his letter of October 25, 1785, to Lord Stanley in the Colonial Office at London: "My Lord, I have the honor to inform your Lordship that having completed such arrangements as appeared to be previously requested, I directed writs to issue on the 15th instant for convening a General Assembly to meet on the first Tuesday in January next. In this first election it has been thought advisable to admit all males of full age who have been inhabitants of the province for no less than three months to the privilege of voting, as otherwise many industrious and meritorious settlers, who are improving the lands allotted to them but have not yet received the King's Grant, must have been excluded. … The House of Representatives will consist of 26 members, who are chosen by their respective counties, no Boroughs or cities being allowed a distinct Representation. The county of St. John is to send six members, Westmorland, Charlotte, and York four members each, Kings, Queens, Sunbury and Northumberland, each two members.
    [Show full text]
  • This Week in New Brunswick History
    This Week in New Brunswick History In Fredericton, Lieutenant-Governor Sir Howard Douglas officially opens Kings January 1, 1829 College (University of New Brunswick), and the Old Arts building (Sir Howard Douglas Hall) – Canada’s oldest university building. The first Baptist seminary in New Brunswick is opened on York Street in January 1, 1836 Fredericton, with the Rev. Frederick W. Miles appointed Principal. Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) becomes responsible for all lines formerly January 1, 1912 operated by the Dominion Atlantic Railway (DAR) - according to a 999 year lease arrangement. January 1, 1952 The town of Dieppe is incorporated. January 1, 1958 The city of Campbellton and town of Shippagan become incorporated January 1, 1966 The city of Bathurst and town of Tracadie become incorporated. Louis B. Mayer, one of the founders of MGM Studios (Hollywood, California), January 2, 1904 leaves his family home in Saint John, destined for Boston (Massachusetts). New Brunswick is officially divided into eight counties of Saint John, Westmorland, Charlotte, Northumberland, King’s, Queen’s, York and Sunbury. January 3, 1786 Within each county a Shire Town is designated, and civil parishes are also established. The first meeting of the New Brunswick Legislature is held at the Mallard House January 3, 1786 on King Street in Saint John. The historic opening marks the official business of developing the new province of New Brunswick. Lévite Thériault is elected to the House of Assembly representing Victoria January 3, 1868 County. In 1871 he is appointed a Minister without Portfolio in the administration of the Honourable George L. Hatheway.
    [Show full text]
  • Maps of Upper St. John and Madawaska Rivers in 1778 and Land Requested by the Natives and Kelly’S Lot, 1787 from Library and Archives Canada MCC-00502
    Maps of Upper St. John and Madawaska Rivers in 1778 and land requested by the Natives and Kelly’s lot, 1787 from Library and Archives Canada MCC-00502 Finding Aid Prepared by Anne Chamberland, March 2021 Acadian Archives/Archives acadiennes University of Maine at Fort Kent Fort Kent, Maine Title: Maps of Upper St. John and Madawaska Rivers in 1778 and land requested by the Natives and Kelly’s lot, 1787 from Library and Archives Canada Creator/Collector: Library and Archives Canada Collection number: MCC-00502 Shelf list number: K-502 (cylinder) Dates: 1778 & 1787 Extent: 1 map tube (0.35 cubic feet) Provenance: Material was bought on Compact Disc format from Library and Archives Canada in 2010. Language: English Conservation notes: Maps were printed on vinyl for exhibit Access restrictions: No restrictions on access. Physical restrictions: None. Technical restrictions: None. Copyright: Copyright has not been assigned to the Acadian Archives/Archives acadiennes. All requests for permission to publish or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Acadian Archives/Archives acadiennes Citation: Maps of Upper St. John and Madawaska Rivers in 1778 and land requested by the Natives and Kelly’s lot, 1787 from Library and Archives Canada, MCC-00502, Acadian Archives/Archives acadiennes, University of Maine at Fort Kent. Separated materials: Not applicable. Related materials: Not applicable. Location of originals: Library and Archives Canada Location of copies: Not applicable. Published in: Not applicable. Biographical information: SPROULE (Sprowle), GEORGE, army officer, surveyor, office holder, and politician; b. c. 1743 in Athlone (Republic of Ireland), eldest son of Adam Sproule and Prudence Lloyd; d.
    [Show full text]
  • Revolutionary New Hampshire and the Loyalist Experience: "Surely We Have Deserved a Better Fate"
    University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Spring 1983 REVOLUTIONARY NEW HAMPSHIRE AND THE LOYALIST EXPERIENCE: "SURELY WE HAVE DESERVED A BETTER FATE" ROBERT MUNRO BROWN Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation BROWN, ROBERT MUNRO, "REVOLUTIONARY NEW HAMPSHIRE AND THE LOYALIST EXPERIENCE: "SURELY WE HAVE DESERVED A BETTER FATE"" (1983). Doctoral Dissertations. 1351. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/1351 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed.
    [Show full text]
  • Next NB/Avenir N-B
    New Brunswick A story of transformation presented by Next NB/Avenir N-B In this and virtually every other culture, a university represents knowledge and enlightenment. We are a repository for cultural values and we can be an instrument of reform. In our commitment to truth, we can and should challenge the status quo. John D. McLaughlin President, University of New Brunswick It is time for New Brunswickers to talk to each other. Our province and our region face some challenges, which means both must confront some difficult questions. Just as our nation seeks to redefine its role in the world economically, militarily and diplomatically, so too must New Brunswick’s citizens decide for themselves their place in Canada. Next NB/Avenir N-B will do that through a series of discussion papers it will release between February 2004 and June 2005. These papers will be supported by public forums held throughout New Brunswick and will culminate with a conference in Saint John. Next NB/Avenir N-B will be a bilingual project to reflect New Brunswick’s bicultural nature and its distinction as the only officially bilingual province in Canada. Next NB/Avenir N-B is a unique opportunity to explore what New Brunswickers think about themselves, their province and its place in Canada and the world. Please join us in the conversation. To obtain additional copies of this discussion paper or to offer your comments, please visit our website at www.nextnb.ca. New Brunswick A story of transformation New Brunswickers are proud of their stories. The original Francophone settlement on St.
    [Show full text]
  • The Florida Society of the Sons of the American Revolution Fort Lauderdale Chapter Newsletter
    The Florida Society of the Sons of the American Revolution Fort Lauderdale Chapter Newsletter website: www.learnwebskills.com/sar/index.html MAR 2012 Fort Lauderdale Chapter chartered December 8, 1966 Volume 45 Number 3 President’s Message Dear Compatriots: We had an enjoyable February meeting. The highlights of the meeting included a presentation by Florida DAR State Lineage Research Chairman, Dr. Debbie Duay on various hereditary societies that SAR members might be eligible to join, as well as a celebration of Compatriot George Dennis’ 98 th birthday complete with cake and a champagne toast. Those who could not attend the meeting missed a real treat. At the meeting, the members voted on a few items of Debbie Duay is presented a Certificate of Appreci- business. First, as Compatriot Jim Lohmeyer was ap- ation for her presentation at our February meeting. proved to be SAR’s representative to the local Veteran’s Clinic, $100 was allocated to him for the year for the purchase of coffee, donuts, and any other items needed for joint activities at the clinic for the benefit of the veterans. Second, the monthly chapter newsletter will now be mailed to all members instead of being electron- ically sent by e-mail, as there was concern that not all members were receiving the electronic version and were missing out on chapter news. Third, it was decided that our April meeting would be at the Seawatch Restaurant in Lauderdale By the Sea. The Seawatch restaurant has a great menu and a phenomenal view of the ocean. It is hoped that a change in meeting location will encourage Certificates of Appreciation were presented to our more members to attend.
    [Show full text]
  • The Alcohol Paradox: Consumption, Regulation, and Public Houses in Three Maritime Colonies of Northeastern British America, 1749-1830
    The Alcohol Paradox: Consumption, Regulation, and Public Houses in Three Maritime Colonies of Northeastern British America, 1749-1830 By Emily Burton Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia September 2015 © Copyright by Emily Burton, 2015 Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my mother, Rosa Elvira Bibiana Burton Rocha, and my son, Evan Nicolás Burton Kelly, who both lived this long experience with me. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables v Abstract vi List of Abbreviations Used vii Acknowledgements viii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Historical Studies of Alcohol 11 Sources and Chapter Outlines 55 Chapter 2 Rum and Authority in a British Imperial Outpost: Regulation in Nova Scotia 62 A Century (Or So) of Public Houses of British Nova Scotia 71 Debauchery in a Garrison Town, 1749 to 1767 83 Liquor Licencing and Local Revenue, 1768 to 1798 112 Rum and Roads, 1799 to 1831 120 Regulation and Consumption in Nova Scotia 130 Conclusion 148 Chapter 3 Public Houses of Entertainment and Alcohol Regulation: The Island of St. John / Prince Edward Island 151 “The Shadow of Government,” 1758-1785 156 Public Revenue and Public Houses, 1785 to 1830 173 Conclusion 232 iii Chapter 4 Trade, Taxation and Governance: Regulation in New Brunswick 235 “Our Scattered Situation,”1783-1794 243 The “Double Purpose” – Trade, Taxes, and Rum 1795-1830 301 Conclusion 324 Chapter 5 Conclusion 326 Bibliography 346 Appendix – Copyright Permission 361 iv List of Tables 2.1 License Holders in Halifax, Nova Scotia, 1749-1751 87 3.1 Comparison of Statutes: 1758 (N.S.) and 1773 (I.S.J.) 172 3.2 Comparison of Statutes: 1763 (N.S.) and 1785 (I.S.J.) 177 3.3 Licensing Fee on the Island of St.
    [Show full text]
  • Foot-Prints, Or, Incidents in Early History of New Brunswick [Microform]
    '' f t <^o 1783. 1883. IToot^Prints; OR. Incidents in Early History OF NEW BRUNSWICK. "Its Days suoild Simuic, an,, Mr,.T,Trnn ok Ykaks Tkach Wisdom." ny J. W. LAWRENCE, 0,;Te.po„rf,«^ Member ^'e^o England instorical and Genealogical Sociefn^' Honorary Member Quebec Literary and Hislorical Society Honorary Member Worcester Society of A ntiquity. SAINT JOIIX, N. IJ.: J. & A. McMillan, 98 Pkince William Street 1883. 163193 '^^^^^^^c^. J.00 To JoSEPK W. Lawrenck, Esq., President New Brunm'ick Historical Society: Sir,—Feeling that the publication of your paper on "Early Incidents of Saint John History," with suggestions for a series of celebrations in 1883, the Centennial year of the landing of the Loyalists at the mouth of the River Saint John, would give an impetus to your suggestions, we, the undersigned, respectfully request that you will consent to its publication in suitable form. (Signed) S, Jonks, Mayor. J. C. Allkx, Chief Justice. G. E. King, Judge Supreme Court. John Boyd, Senator. Isaac Burpee, M. P. \Vm. Elder, M. P. P. G. M. Armstrong, Rector St. Marks. D. D. CuRRiE, Minister Centenary M. Church. David S. Kerr, Q. C. LeB. Botsford, Pres't Natural History Society. Ward Ciiipman Drury, Reg'str Deeds & "Wills. A. A. Stockton, M.A., LL.B. St. John, N. n., December, 1881. Entered accordinc; to Act op Parliament, in the Year 1883, By J. W. LAWRENCE, In the Office op the Minister of Agriculture. f Intro&uttion. BY A. A. Stockton, M. A., LL. B. s of the "IxciDKXTs IX Early History ok Nkw Brunswick," it is un«lerstoo<l iver is but the forerunner to other works on iciidred topics froni the same pen.
    [Show full text]
  • River of Three Peoples: an Environmental and Cultural History of the Wәlastәw / Riviѐre St
    RIVER OF THREE PEOPLES: AN ENVIRONMENTAL AND CULTURAL HISTORY OF THE WӘLASTӘW / RIVIЀRE ST. JEAN / ST. JOHN RIVER, C. 1550 – 1850 By Jason Hall Masters of Environmental Studies, York University, 2004 Bachelor of Arts, St. Thomas University, 2002 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctorate of Philosophy in the Graduate Academic Unit of History Supervisors: Elizabeth Mancke, Ph.D., Dept. of History Bill Parenteau, Ph.D., Dept. of History Examining Board: Rusty Bittermann, Ph.D., Dept. of History, St. Thomas University Michael Dawson, Ph.D., Dept. of History, St. Thomas University Internal examiner Susan Blair, Ph.D., Dept. of Anthropology External Examiner: Matthew G. Hatvany, Ph.D., Dept. of Geography, Université Laval This dissertation is accepted by the Dean of Graduate Studies THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW BRUNSWICK October, 2015 © Jason Hall, 2015 Abstract This study investigates how three distinct cultures – Maliseet, French, and British – engaged with and transformed the ecology of the Wəlastəkw/rivière St. Jean/St. John River, the largest river system in the Maritimes and New England. Ranging three centuries, ca. 1550‐1850, it examines cultural interactions relative to the river’s fish, banks, and flow to assess ecological changes. By developing comparisons among Maliseet, French, and British relationships to the river, it analyzes how cultural groups modified and expanded on the ecology of other peoples. Drawing upon a vast array of sources, including Maliseet oral traditions and language, archaeological surveys, scientific studies, historic maps and paintings, as well as diaries, letters, and reports of the waterway and its banks, this research makes significant contributions to a number of scholarly fields: river ecologies and human adaptations of them, Maliseet history, seigneurial settlement in colonial societies, Loyalist ecology, colonial and municipal legal history, historical cartography, and the role of ecological knowledge in governance and environmental activism.
    [Show full text]
  • Empire, the Maritime Colonies, and the Supplanting of Mi'kma'ki
    24729-05 Reid Article:Layout 15/02/10 3:49 PM Page 78 Empire, the Maritime Colonies, and the Supplanting of Mi’kma’ki/Wulstukwik, 1780-1820 JOHN G. REID Tout en reconnaissant que le remplacement de Mi’kma’ki et de Wulstukwik par les colonies des Maritimes entra dans une phase cruciale dans les dernières années du « long » 18e siècle, cet article soutient que ce processus présentait des caractéristiques complexes et distinctives. Il ne fait aucun doute que la dépossession était une pratique répandue, même si les preuves suggèrent aussi que l’ampleur et les répercussions du changement d’environnement variaient considérablement selon le lieu. Néanmoins, on assista aussi durant cette période à la persistance d’une capacité soutenue des Amérindiens de faire valoir leurs doléances et leurs demandes en invoquant des obligations de longue date issues de traités, et d’obtenir des réponses conciliantes de la part de fonctionnaires impériaux récalcitrants. While accepting that the supplanting of Mi’kma’ki and Wulstukwik by the Maritime colonies entered a crucial phase during the waning years of the “long” 18th century, this article argues that the process was characterized by a complex and distinctive pattern. That dispossession was widespread is beyond doubt, even though the evidence also suggests significant spatial variations in the scale and implications of environmental change. Yet a continuing Native ability to represent complaints and demands based on longstanding treaty obligations, and to extract conciliatory responses from reluctant imperial officials, also persisted during this period. IT HAS BECOME A HISTORICAL TRUISM that the effects of the Loyalist migration to the Maritime colonies, reinforced by other substantial migrations including those of the Scots, were intensely destructive for the Native populations of the territories involved.
    [Show full text]
  • V Loyalist Settlementin New Brunswick
    Loyalists of the Maritimes nn............................................................................................................................................... V LOYALIST SETTLEMENT IN NEW BRUNSWICK ............................................................................................................................... NEW BRUNSWICK LOYALISTS £ BasedonanarticlebyLindaHansenSquires ~ espite the fact that many, if not most, of the province. Loyalists considered themselves to be both Ameri- What kind of people were the New Brunswick can and British, when the American War of Inde- Loyalists? Characterizing them is not an easy task. pendence began, they felt obliged to offer their al- Most of them were native-born Americans from New legiance to the duly constituted British government. York, New Jersey, and Connecticut, though there In return, they expected that authority to protect were small groups from the Southern and various their property and their persons. They further ex- New England States. It has been frequently assumed pected the British army to triumph over the revolu- that, like such prominent figures as Edward Wins- tionary forces which talked so glibly of liberty low, Ward Chipman, and John Coffin, large numbers while seeming to practise anarchy. Instead, the of New Brunswick Loyalists came from Massachu- - "friends of government," as they were sometimes setts. In actual fact, only about 6%were from that known, saw their property confiscated, their beliefs colony. Some of them had what might be called an vilified as treasonous, and found themselves forced "aristocratic" background, but many of them were to stand by helplessly while the British govern- farmers, disbanded soldiers of British-American ment signed a preliminary peace treaty which did regiments, or small merchants. little to ensure their safety. In fact, the months fol- The majority of the Loyalists reached their new lowing the treaty of January 1783 were, perhaps, land via the Spring, Summer, and Autumn Fleets the worst for the Loyalists.
    [Show full text]
  • A Bibliography of Loyalist Source Material in Canada
    A Bibliography of Loyalist Source Material in Canada JO-ANN FELLOWS, Editor KATHRYN CALDER, Researcher PROGRAM FOR LOYALIST STUDIES AND PUBLICATIONS Sponsored by the American Antiquarian Society City University of New Tork University of London and University of New Brunswick by ROBERT A. EAST, Executive Director The origins of this Program are to be found in the pros- pectus issued in April 1968 by Professor East of the History faculty of the City University of New York and James E. Mooney, Editor of Publications of the American Antiquarian Society. It was the feeling of both that the imminent anniversary of the Revolution would make such an undertaking an impera- tive of historical scholarship, for an understanding of the Rev- olution would be necessarily incomplete and inevitably dis- torted without the full story of the American Loyalists. It was the hope of both that the work could go forward under the joint sponsorship of both institutions, and this was quickly gained. The next step was to canvass the scholarly community in England, Canada, and the United States to learn of its reac- 67 68 American Antiquarian Society tions. The prospectus was written, handsomely printed by Alden Johnson of the Barre Publishers, and sent out to a number of scholars, archivists, and others. The response to this mailing was even more enthusiastic than Professor East or Mr. Mooney had hoped for and led to discussions concerning even broader sponsorship of an inter- national character. Thomas J. Condon ofthe American Council of Learned Societies early took a cheering interest in the proj- ect and pledged the cooperation of his august organization to advance the work.
    [Show full text]