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Wetland Inventory of Kangaroo Island

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Wetland Inventory of Kangaroo Island WETLAND INVENTORY KANGAROO ISLAND An assessment of selected inland wetlands of Kangaroo Island, South Australia. This report may be cited as: Seaman, R.L. (2002) Wetland Inventory of Kangaroo Island. South Australia. Department for Environment and Heritage. Author Russell Seaman Scientific Officer, Wetlands Management. National Parks and Wildlife Cartography and design Russell Seaman Photographs Russell Seaman Geographical Information System Data Supplied by Geographical Analysis and Research Unit, Planning SA, Department for Transport, Urban Planning and the Arts. and The Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia. Funding Sources Environment Australia National Parks and Wildlife SA Acknowledgments In the preparation of this report the expertise, advice and support of several people is greatly appreciated. • Rob Walsh • Roman Urban, DEH. • Sandy Carruthers, Planning SA. • Tim Croft, DEH. • Kylie Moritz, DEH. Wetland inventory report Executive Summary During Novemeber and December 2000 a wetland inventory was undertaken on Kanagaroo Island which documented a representative sample of inland wetlands by recording their physical, chemical and biological attributes. Twenty-six wetlands were surveyed and included saline lake systems (19 sites), brackish water bodies and freshwater wetlands. Breakneck River and Six-mile Lagoon are classified as the only freshwater wetlands surveyed. The aquatic invertebrate fauna was notably scarce in many of the salt lakes surveyed, however, 14 wetlands displayed good invertebrate trophic levels. The correlation between increasing salinity levels and decreasing biological activity was clear; this decline is of concern for the health of many wetlands on Kangaroo Island. Sixteen wetlands surveyed are considered to be nationally important by meeting the ANZECC criteria of being a good example of a wetland type occurring within a biogeographic region in Australia. These wetlands include Six-mile Lagoon, Duck Lagoon and Destree Swamp. Three wetlands are recommended for monitoring; these are Grassdale lagoon, Six- mile Lagoon and Rush Lagoon. 3 Wetland inventory report SECTION ONE - WETLAND INVENTORY............................................................................................. 9 1.0 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 9 2.0 REPORT STRUCTURE............................................................................................................... 9 3.0 PROJECT SCOPE ...................................................................................................................... 9 4.0 OVERVIEW OF PAST WETLAND INVENTORY STUDIES..................................................... 10 5.0 WETLAND RISK ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................. 11 6.0 WETLAND INVENTORY METHODOLOGY ............................................................................. 12 6.1 STUDY AREA BOUNDARIES ............................................................................................................ 12 6.2 SITE SELECTION........................................................................................................................... 12 6.3 GIS DATABASE............................................................................................................................ 12 6.4 WETLAND INVENTORY SURVEY...................................................................................................... 13 7.0 WETLAND SURVEY TEMPLATE............................................................................................. 13 SECTION TWO - WETLAND ASSESSMENT FOR KANGAROO ISLAND......................................... 14 8.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 14 8.1 WETLAND OVERVIEW.................................................................................................................... 14 9.0 WETLAND LAND USE .............................................................................................................15 9.1 BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................. 15 9.2 ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................................... 15 10.0 TENURE AND MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY.......................................................................... 16 10.1 BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................... 16 10.2 ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................16 11.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATIONS AND IBRA REGIONS .................................................. 17 11.1 BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................... 17 11.2 ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................17 12.0 KEY BIODIVERSITY AREAS .......................................................................................................... 18 12.1 BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................... 18 12.1 ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................19 13.0 WETLAND AREA...................................................................................................................... 19 13.1 BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................... 19 13.2 ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................19 14.0 LANDFORM ELEMENT ............................................................................................................20 14.1 BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................... 20 14.2 ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................20 15.0 GEOLOGY................................................................................................................................. 21 15.1 BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................... 21 15.1 ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................21 16.0 HYDROLOGY............................................................................................................................ 22 16.1 BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................... 22 16.2 ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................22 17.0 FLORA ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................... 23 4 Wetland inventory report 18.0 DEGRADATION AND DISTURBANCE.................................................................................... 26 18.1 BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................... 26 18.2 ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................26 19.O AQUATIC VEGETATION CLASSES .......................................................................................... 27 19.1 BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................... 27 19.2 ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................27 20.0 AQUATIC FAUNA ANALYSIS......................................................................................................29 20.1 INVERTEBRATES....................................................................................................................... 29 20.1.1 Ecological benefits......................................................................................................... 29 20.1.2 Trophic dynamics........................................................................................................... 29 20.2 TEMPORARY WETLANDS........................................................................................................... 30 20.3 SALINE SYSTEMS ..................................................................................................................... 31 20.4 ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................31 20.4.1 Frequency of invertebrate occurrence........................................................................... 31 20.4.2 Trophic levels................................................................................................................
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