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Copyrighted Material Index Note: page numbers in italics refer to figures and those in bold refer to tables and boxes abacavir (ABC) 116 acute inflammatory demyelinat- alveolar hydatid disease 232 abdomen, fever 27, 187 ing polyneuropathy ascariasis 209, 210 abdominal pain 3–4, 44 (AIDP) 262–3 cestode infections 206 abortion, malaria 61 acute motor axonal neuropathy cutaneous larva migrans 318 abscess (AMAN) 263 cysticercosis 206 amoebic 186, 187 acute pneumonia 234 filariasis 144, 145 guinea worm 326 differential diagnosis 235–6 giardiasis 200 melioidosis 309 signs 234–5 hookworm 211 paratyphoid 286 symptoms 234 hydatid cyst disease 229 pyogenic 188 acute pulmonary loiasis 147 spinal epidural 265 histoplasmosis 328 strongyloidiasis 324 typhoid 282 acute schistosomiasis 162–3, 166–7, treatment of immigrants 371 see also liver abscess, amoebic 168 trichuriasis 212 Acanthamoeba species 185 Addison’s disease 34, 340 tropical pulmonary achlorhydria 195 adrenaline 343, 344, 357 eosinophilia 244–5 aciclovir 260 adult respiratory distress syndrome visceral larva migrans 213 acidaemia, malaria 64 (ARDS) 307 alcohol abuse 225 Actinomycetes 330 Aedes 142, 295, 299 hypertension 352–4 actinomycosis 91, 314 Aedes aegypti 296, 299 alcoholic psychosis 378 active immunization 269 Aedes albopictus 296 allergens activity, reduced 353 Aedes mosquitoes 245, 260, 287, asthma 355–6 acute bacterial pneumonia 14 288, 296, 299 avoidance 356 acute Chagas’ disease 155 affective (mood) changes 362 alpha-fetoprotein 225 acute dermatolymphangioadenitis aflatoxins 223, 228 alveolar hydatid disease see (ADLA) 142 African histoplasmosis 329 Echinococcus acute disseminated African Programme for multilocularis histoplasmosis 328 Onchocerciasis Control amikacin 98, 331 Acute Filarial Lymphangitis (APOC) 139–40 aminoglycoside 278, 331 (AFL) 142 African tick typhus 305 aminophylline 357 acute flaccid paralysis 261 clinical features 305 aminosidine 78 acute inflammatory demyelinating treatment 305 amitriptyline 362 polyneuropathy 262–3 AIDS amodiaquine-artesunate 66 acute motor axonal economic impact 107 amoebapores 186 neuropathy 263 COPYRIGHTEDmalabsorption 4 MATERIALamoebiasis 185 anterior horn cell damage mortality 98 amoebic dysentery 185, 358 causing 262 surveillance 104 amoebic liver abscess 187–8 clinical presentations 261–3 see also HIV infection antigen detection and definition 261 AIDS defining–opportunistic polymerase chain enterovirus 71 262 infections 109 reaction 188–9 immune-mediated causes 262–3 AIDS–dementia complex 266 clinical features 186–8 Japanese encephalitis virus 262 AIDS-related complex (ARC) 104– cysts eradication 189–90 nerve conduction studies 263 5, 109 developments 191 pathophysiology 261–3 ALA 187 endoscopy 189 polio 262 complications 188 epidemiology 185 acute infection 323 albendazole 201, 203, 206, 327, 360 imaging 189 380 Index immunosuppression, interactions angiotensin converting enzyme arthropod-borne virus see with 190 (ACE) arboviruses intestinal amoebiasis 186–7 hypertension 354 Ascaris 244 invasive amoebiasis 189 angular stomatitis 376 Ascaris lumbricoides (ascariasis) investigations 188–9 Anopheles mosquitoes 142, 287 191, 208, 209 life cycle 185–6 anterior horn cell damage 262, clinical features 209–10 management 189–90 263 epidemiology 209 microscopy 188 antibiotic resistance 239 investigations 210 parasite 185–6 antibiotics life cycle 209 pathogenesis 186 for cholera 197 management 210 practical points 190 for dysentery 193 parasites 209 prevention and public health for malaria 64 prevention and public health aspects 190 for relapsing fever 302 aspects 210 serology 189 for tropical ulcer 312 ascaris pneumonitis 209 amoebic abscess 187 for tuberculosis 92 Ascaris suum 209 amoebic colitis for typhoid fever 284 ascorbic acid see vitamin C differential diagnosis 187 antidepressants 362, 364 aseptic meningitis 307 amoebic hepatitis 187 antiemetics 9, 206 aspirin 338 amoebic liver abscess 27, 187–8, antigen detection and polymerase assassin bug see triatomine bugs 236 chain reaction 188–9 asthma 14, 15, 235, 355–9 amoeboma 187, 190 antihistamine 344 beta-blocker amoxicillin 237, 251, 285 antipsychotics 362 contraindications 354 amoxicillin clavulanate 310 antipyretics 26 care organization 357–9 amphotericin B 77, 112, 190, 203, antiretroviral drugs causes 356 237, 251, 255, 329 HIV therapy 115–16 complications 356–7 cryptococcal meningitis 255 antivenom diagnosis 355–6, 356 histoplasmosis 329 marine 346 education 357–8 liposomal 77 snake bites 343–4 epidemiology 355 visceral leishmaniasis 77 spider bites 345 exacerbations 357 amputation appendicitis 3 guinea worm 326 Madura foot 331 ascariasis 209 intestinal parasite load in tropical ulcers 311, 312 arboviral encephalitis 256 children 356 anaemia 36–9 arboviruses 287 management 357 aplastic 38 chikungunya 287 nurse-led treatment 358, 359 blood transfusion 39, 39 clinical syndromes 287–8 pneumonia, differential breathing difficulties 12 colorado tick fever 288 diagnosis of 235 clinical diagnosis 36 dengue virus 288 prevalence 356 haemolytic in typhoid 282, 283 fever–arthralgia–rash (FAR) treatment use 357 history and examination 36 arboviruses 287–8 urban 356 hookworm 210, 211, 212 hosts 287 asylum seekers 370 iron deficiency 338 O’nyong nyong 287–8 health assessment 370–1 laboratory investigations 37–8 ross river 288 health issues 370 macrocytic 37–8 vectors 287 atovaquone–proguanil malaria 57 Arenavirus 291 malaria prophylaxis 69 management 38–9 arsenic, chronic poisoning 34 malaria therapy 68 megaloblastic 340 artemether 65 Australian elapids 342 microcytic 37 Artemisia annua 65 autoimmune disorders 340 normocytic 38 artemisinin drugs azithromycin 193, 202, 283, 285, pernicious 340 malaria therapy 65–6 305, 307 severe in P. falciparum malaria 60 schistosomiasis 168 Ancylostoma braziliense 318 artesunate 65 babesiosis 31 Ancylostoma duodenale (hookworms) arthritis 239 bacillary dysentery 192 208, 210 guinea worm 326 clinical features 192–3 angina 354 typhoid 282 epidemiology 192 381 Index bacillary dysentery (Continued) snakebite 342–4 breathing investigation 193 spider bites 345 assessment 22 management 193 bithionol 227 coma 19 microbiology 192 blackflies 135 breathlessness 11 prevention and public health blackwater fever 61 bronchiectasis 11, 12, 91 aspects 193–4 Blastocystis hominis 191, 202, 203 bronchitis 356 bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) blindness bronchodilators, oral 357 vaccine leprosy 176 bronchospasm 236 Buruli ulcer 315 onchocerciasis 136–7 Brucella abortus 275, 276, 277 hookworm prevalence 212 blood Brucella canis 275 leprosy 181 cultures in respiratory Brucella melitensis 275, 276, 277 Bacillus fusiformis 311 disease 13–14 Brucella suis 275, 276 bacitracin 203 HIV transmission 105–6 Brucellae 275 bacterial meningitis 246 prescribing 39 brucellosis 27, 275 steroids use 251–2 blood clotting test 343, 343 clinical features 275–6 bacterial pneumonia 15 blood pressure 353 control 278 Balamuthia mandrillaris 185 see also hypertension diagnosis 276–7 Balantidium coli 191, 202, 203 blood transfusion 39 epidemiology 275 banana spiders 345 HIV transmission 105 follow-up 278 bancroftian filariasis malaria 64 pregnancy 278 clinical effects 142, 143 body cavity myiasis 317 public health aspects 278–9 life cycle 142 body lice 321 treatment 278 barbiturate 268 borderline lepromatous Brugia malayi 140, 143, 244 BCG vaccination 96 leprosy 176 Brugia timori 140 bed nets, impregnated borderline leprosy (BB) 176 Bulinus 160 filariasis 140 borderline tuberculoid (BT) 175–6 bullae 34 malaria 72 Borrelia (relapsing fever) 301, 302 Bunyaviridae 294 bedbugs 218 pathology 302 Burkholderia pseudomallei 309, 310 bedsores 260 Borrelia duttonii 301 Burkitt’s lymphoma benzhexol 362 Borrelia hermsii 301 malaria endemic areas 63 benzimidazole 156, 227 Borrelia hispanica 301 burns benzyl benzoate 320 Borrelia persica 301 drug eruptions 34 benzylpenicillin 111, 112, 237, Borrelia recurrentis 31, 301 epilepsy 360 251, 273 Borrelia turicatae 301 buruli ulcer 311, 313 beriberi 378 Borrelia venezuelensis 301 background 313 beta-2 agonists 357 bot fly 316 clinical features 313–14 beta-blockers 354, 356 bowel carcinoma 338 differential diagnosis 314 bilharziasis see schistosomiasis bowel tumours 5 epidemiology 313 biliary cirrhosis 228 brain investigations 314 biliary colic 3 cysticercosis 205 management 314–15 ascariasis 209 midline herniation microbiology 313 liver fluke 227 syndromes 22 prevention 315 biltricide see praziquantel Plasmodium falciparum public health 315 Biomphalaria 160 malaria 59 bipolar affective tumours 359 Calabar swelling 146 disorder 362–3 brainstem calcium blockers 354 birth damage 21 Campylobacter 7, 9 HIV transmission 105 signs 23 Campylobacter jejuni 263 hypoxia/injury 359 Brazilian wandering spider see Candida 107, 109, 113 birth weight, low in malaria 69 banana spiders candidiasis bites and stings breast-feeding mouth 27, 113 marine envenoming 345–6 HIV transmission 105 oesophageal 3, 113 scorpion stings 344–5 leprosy 181 Capillaria philippinensis 166 382 Index carbamazepine 360 indeterminate and chronic refugees 370, 371 card agglutination test for trypano- phase 156 respiratory illness 12 somes (CATT) 151 life cycle 155 Reye’s syndrome 26 card indirect agglutination parasite 155 schistosomiasis 162 test for trypanosomes parasitological techniques 156 shigellosis 193 (CIATT) 151 pathogenesis 155 snake bite 344 cardiac syndrome treatment 156 swollen belly syndrome 322 leptospirosis 307 chagoma see cutaneous oedema tetanus vaccination 273 Casal’s necklace 378 chancre, trypanosomal
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