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Table of Contents (PDF) December 16, 2014 u vol. 111 u no. 50 u 17685–18090 Cover image: Pictured is an illustration of the crystal structure within a Frank–Kasper σ-phase formed by an asymmetric diblock copolymer. Competition between the tendency to form spherical core-shell micelles and the requirement to fill space without voids leads to five discrete polyhedral-shaped particles, depicted with different colors, which pack into a low-symmetry crystal structure. Sangwoo Lee et al. found that the breaking of higher sym- metry structure that leads to formation of a Frank–Kasper σ-phase occurs through a transfer of mass in this polymer system, suggesting that similar symmetry breaking in intermetallic alloys may occur through a transfer of charge. The results suggest analogies between phase transitions in disparate material classes and challenge the view that the formation of reduced symmetry structures requires particles with predetermined shapes or sizes. See the article by Lee et al. on pages 17723–17731. Image courtesy of Sangwoo Lee. From the Cover 17723 Breaking symmetry E5346 Recognizing African plants in the New World 17743 Archaeological wood conservation 17783 Identity fusion among revolutionaries 17977 Melanopsin and vascular photorelaxation Contents SCIENCE AND CULTURE—How science intersects with culture 17687 Science and Culture: Capturing the world’s oldest living things Helen Fields THIS WEEK IN PNAS 17685 In This Issue INNER WORKINGS—An over-the-shoulder look at scientists at work 17688 Inner Workings: A soft robot that swims like a fish LETTERS (ONLINE ONLY) Stephen Ornes E5331 Population matters when modeling hurricane fatalities Laura A. Bakkensen and William Larson RETROSPECTIVE E5333 Reply to Bakkensen and Larson: Population may matter but does not alter conclusions 17689 Robert Steinberg, 1922–2014 Kiju Jung, Sharon Shavitt, Madhu Viswanathan, V. S. Varadarajan and Joseph M. Hilbe E5334 Comment on the absence of ossified sternal elements in basal paravian dinosaurs Christian Foth PROFILES E5335 Reply to Foth: Preserved cartilage is rare but not absent: Troodontid sternal plates are absent, not rare 17690 Profile of Mary-Claire King, 2014 Lasker-Koshland Jingmai K. O’Connor, Min Wang, Xiaoting Zheng, Special Achievement in Medical Science Awardee and Zhonghe Zhou Aravinda Chakravarti 17693 Profile of Mahlon DeLong and Alim Benabid, 2014 Lasker-DeBakey Medical Research Awardees Free online through the PNAS open access option. C. Warren Olanow and Jose Obeso PNAS u December 16, 2014 u vol. 111 u no. 50 u iii–viii Downloaded by guest on September 25, 2021 17696 Profile of Kazutoshi Mori and Peter Walter, 2014 Lasker 17923 Trophic coherence determines food-web stability Basic Medical Research Awardees: The unfolded Samuel Johnson, Virginia Domínguez-García, Luca protein response Donetti, and Miguel A. Muñoz Andrew Dillin APPLIED PHYSICAL SCIENCES COMMENTARIES 17715 Microtubule nucleation remote from centrosomes may explain how asters span large cells Keisuke Ishihara, Phuong A. Nguyen, Aaron C. Groen, 17698 Explaining complex metals with polymers Christine M. Field, and Timothy J. Mitchison Ron Lifshitz See companion article on page 17723 17845 Power transduction of actin filaments ratcheting in vitro against a load 17700 Preserving ancient artifacts for the next millennia Damien Démoulin, Marie-France Carlier, Jérôme Bibette, Samuel L. Zelinka and Jean Baudry See companion article on page 17743 17702 Devoted actors sacrifice for close comrades and CHEMISTRY sacred cause Scott Atran, Hammad Sheikh, and Angel Gomez 17732 Observation of ice-like water layers at an aqueous See companion article on page 17783 protein surface Konrad Meister, Simona Strazdaite, Arthur L. DeVries, 17704 PDE and sGC hand in hand to see the light Stephan Lotze, Luuk L. C. Olijve, Ilja K. Voets, Paul M. Vanhoutte and Huib J. Bakker See companion article on page 17977 17737 Energetics of metastudtite and implications for nuclear waste alteration Xiaofeng Guo, Sergey V. Ushakov, Sabrina Labs, Hildegard PNAS PLUS Curtius, Dirk Bosbach, and Alexandra Navrotsky 17743 Multifunctional supramolecular polymer networks 17706 Significance Statements as next-generation consolidants for archaeological Brief statements written by the authors about the significance of wood conservation their papers. Zarah Walsh, Emma-Rose Janeˇcek, James T. Hodgkinson, Julia Sedlmair, Alexandros Koutsioubas, David R. Spring, Martin Welch, Carol J. Hirschmugl, PERSPECTIVE Chris Toprakcioglu, Jonathan R. Nitschke, Mark Jones, and Oren A. Scherman See Commentary on page 17700 17709 Reversals of national fortune, and social science methodologies 17851 Trapping the ATP binding state leads to a detailed Jared Diamond understanding of the F1-ATPase mechanism Kwangho Nam, Jingzhi Pu, and Martin Karplus 17857 Enzymatic turnover of macromolecules generates INAUGURAL ARTICLE long-lasting protein–water-coupled motions beyond reaction steady state Jessica Dielmann-Gessner, Moran Grossman, Valeria 17715 Microtubule nucleation remote from centrosomes may Conti Nibali, Benjamin Born, Inna Solomonov, explain how asters span large cells Gregg B. Fields, Martina Havenith, and Irit Sagi Keisuke Ishihara, Phuong A. Nguyen, Aaron C. Groen, Christine M. Field, and Timothy J. Mitchison EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, AND PLANETARY SCIENCES 17749 Early inner solar system origin for anomalous sulfur FEATURE ARTICLE isotopes in differentiated protoplanets Michael A. Antonelli, Sang-Tae Kim, Marc Peters, 17723 Sphericity and symmetry breaking in the formation of Jabrane Labidi, Pierre Cartigny, Richard J. Walker, Frank–Kasper phases from one component materials James R. Lyons, Joost Hoek, and James Farquhar Sangwoo Lee, Chris Leighton, and Frank S. Bates 17755 Hidden carbon in Earth’s inner core revealed by shear See Commentary on page 17698 softening in dense Fe7C3 Bin Chen, Zeyu Li, Dongzhou Zhang, Jiachao Liu, Michael Y. Hu, Jiyong Zhao, Wenli Bi, E. Ercan Alp, PHYSICAL SCIENCES Yuming Xiao, Paul Chow, and Jie Li APPLIED MATHEMATICS ENGINEERING E5336 Robust spectrotemporal decomposition by iteratively 18025 Label-free imaging of Schwann cell myelination by reweighted least squares third harmonic generation microscopy Demba Ba, Behtash Babadi, Patrick L. Purdon, Hyungsik Lim, Denis Sharoukhov, Imran Kassim, Yanqing and Emery N. Brown Zhang, James L. Salzer, and Carmen V. Melendez-Vasquez iv u www.pnas.org Downloaded by guest on September 25, 2021 MATHEMATICS APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 17759 Groups graded by root systems and property (T) 17803 Evolution-guided optimization of Mikhail Ershov, Andrei Jaikin-Zapirain, Martin Kassabov, biosynthetic pathways and Zezhou Zhang Srivatsan Raman, Jameson K. Rogers, Noah D. Taylor, and George M. Church PHYSICS 17723 Sphericity and symmetry breaking in the formation of BIOCHEMISTRY – Frank Kasper phases from one component materials 17809 Self-assembled FUS binds active chromatin and Sangwoo Lee, Chris Leighton, and Frank S. Bates regulates gene transcription See Commentary on page 17698 Liuqing Yang, Jozsef Gal, Jing Chen, and Haining Zhu 17765 Invariance property of wave scattering through 17815 Erythritol feeds the pentose phosphate disordered media pathway via three new isomerases leading to Romain Pierrat, Philipp Ambichl, Sylvain Gigan, Alexander D-erythrose-4-phosphate in Brucella Haber, Rémi Carminati, and Stefan Rotter Thibault Barbier, François Collard, Amaia Zúñiga-Ripa, 17771 Flagellated bacterial motility in polymer solutions Ignacio Moriyón, Thibault Godard, Judith Becker, Vincent A. Martinez, Jana Schwarz-Linek, Mathias Christoph Wittmann, Emile Van Schaftingen, Reufer, Laurence G. Wilson, Alexander N. Morozov, and Jean-Jacques Letesson and Wilson C. K. Poon 17821 Site-specific cation release drives actin filament severing by vertebrate cofilin Hyeran Kang, Michael J. Bradley, Wenxiang Cao, Kaifeng Zhou, Elena E. Grintsevich, Alphée Michelot, SOCIAL SCIENCES Charles V. Sindelar, Mark Hochstrasser, and Enrique M. De La Cruz ANTHROPOLOGY 17827 Direct interactions promote eviction of the Sir3 E5346 Local plant names reveal that enslaved Africans heterochromatin protein by the SWI/SNF chromatin recognized substantial parts of the New World flora remodeling enzyme Tinde R. van Andel, Charlotte I. E. A. van ‘t Klooster, Benjamin J. Manning and Craig L. Peterson Diana Quiroz, Alexandra M. Towns, Sofie Ruysschaert, 17833 Stoichiometry and assembly of mTOR complexes and Margot van den Berg revealed by single-molecule pulldown Ankur Jain, Edwin Arauz, Vasudha Aggarwal, Nikita ECONOMIC SCIENCES Ikon, Jie Chen, and Taekjip Ha 17777 The origin of risk aversion 17839 Full-length structure of a monomeric histidine kinase Ruixun Zhang, Thomas J. Brennan, and Andrew W. Lo reveals basis for sensory regulation Giomar Rivera-Cancel, Wen-huang Ko, Diana R. Tomchick, Fernando Correa, and Kevin H. Gardner PSYCHOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES 17783 Brothers in arms: Libyan revolutionaries bond like family Harvey Whitehouse, Brian McQuinn, Michael Buhrmester, BIOPHYSICS AND COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY and William B. Swann Jr. E5354 Sodium recognition by the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in the See Commentary on page 17702 outward-facing conformation Fabrizio Marinelli, Lior Almagor, Reuben Hiller, Moshe 17786 Effects of biological explanations for mental disorders Giladi, Daniel Khananshvili, and José D. Faraldo-Gómez on clinicians’ empathy Matthew S. Lebowitz and Woo-kyoung Ahn E5363 Stoichiometry and geometry of the CXC chemokine receptor 4 complex with CXC ligand 12: Molecular modeling and experimental validation
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