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What Policies for Globalising Cities?

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What Policies for Globalising Cities? What Policies What Policies for Globalising Cities? for Globalising Cities? RETHINKING THE URBAN POLICY AGENDA RETHINKING THE URBAN POLICY AGENDA Campo de las Naciones, Madrid, Spain 29-30 March 2007 Campo de las Naciones, Madrid, Spain 29-30 March 2007 What Policies for Globalising Cities? RETHINKING THE URBAN POLICY AGENDA www.oecd.org/gov/urbandevelopment/madridconference 0020074E1.indd 1 30-Oct-2007 11:39:41 AM ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This conference was organised by the OECD, the Madrid City Council and the Club of Madrid. Special thanks are given to Madrid City Council; in particular to the Mayor, Mr. Alberto Ruiz Gallardon, as well as to Mr. Miguel Angel Villanueva, Mr. Ignacio Niño Perez and Mr. Daniel Vinuesa Zamorano. We would like also to thank the Spanish Ministry of Public Administration (in particular Mr. Jose-Manuel Rodriguez Alvarez, Spanish Delegate to the OECD Territorial Development Policy Committee) and the Club de Madrid (especially Mrs. Maria Elena Aguero). Professor Alan Harding, Institute for Political and Economic Governance, University of Manchester, United Kingdom, provided a major contribution to the content of the conference. The conference organisation was directed by Mario Pezzini, Head of the OECD Territorial Reviews and Governance Division and coordinated by Lamia Kamal-Chaoui, Head of the Urban Development Programme and Suzanne-Nicola Leprince, Executive Secretary for the OECD Territorial Development Policy Committee. Suzanna Grant, Valérie Forges and Erin Byrne provided substantial help to the logistics of the conference. Erin Byrne prepared the document proceedings for publication. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS OECD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE: “WHAT POLICIES FOR GLOBALISING CITIES? RETHINKING THE URBAN POLICY AGENDA" 29-30 March 2007- Madrid, Spain .............................. 7 SUMMARY RECORD ................................................................................................................................... 7 The context .................................................................................................................................................. 7 The format .................................................................................................................................................... 7 The participation .......................................................................................................................................... 7 The theme .................................................................................................................................................... 8 Main outcomes ............................................................................................................................................. 8 ANNEX 1. AGENDA OF THE CONFERENCE ......................................................................................... 10 ANNEX 2. SUMMARY RECORDS OF THE SESSION ............................................................................ 18 Produced by the Madrid City Council ....................................................................................................... 18 Introductory remarks .................................................................................................................................. 18 Session I: Urban hierarchies and the role of policies ................................................................................. 19 Session II: A - Urbanising ―soft‖ policy instruments: skills, leadership, distinctiveness and collaboration21 Session II: B - Urbanising ―soft‖ policy instruments: history, specificity and urban knowledge economies22 Session III: A - Urbanising ―hard‖ policy instruments: infrastructure, connectivity and the physical qualities of place ........................................................................................................................................ 24 Special debate: cities and climate change. ................................................................................................. 27 City Mayors and Ministers‘ Roundtable: Group A .................................................................................... 29 ANNEX 3. SPEECHES FROM THE OECD SECRETARY GENERAL AT THE OPENING AND THE CLOSING CEREMONIES ........................................................................................................................... 34 Opening remarks by Angel Gurria, OECD Secretary-General, Madrid, 29 March 2007 .......................... 34 Summary and conclusion by Angel Gurria, OECD Secretary-General, Madrid, 30 March 2007 ............. 36 ANNEX 4. PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ............................................................................... 38 INTRODUCTORY PAPER FROM RUIZ GALLARDON, MAYOR OF MADRID .................................. 39 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 39 On the urban age ........................................................................................................................................ 40 The road ahead ........................................................................................................................................... 42 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................. 42 A/ GLOBALIZATION, SPATIAL ECONOMIC CHANGE AND URBAN POLICY by Professor Alan Harding ......................................................................................................................................................... 44 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 44 2. A question of scale ................................................................................................................................. 46 3. Urban change and the ‗new‘ economy ................................................................................................... 51 4. Urban policy in retrospect ...................................................................................................................... 62 5. Rethinking the urban policy agenda....................................................................................................... 67 BIBLIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................................................................... 71 2 B/ A SPATIAL FRAMEWORK FOR URBAN POLICY: NEW DIRECTIONS, NEW CHALLENGES .. 74 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 74 2. Three Scales of the Urban ...................................................................................................................... 76 3. The new imperatives .............................................................................................................................. 78 4. Urban policy for what? .......................................................................................................................... 81 5. Spatial planning—from master plan to coordinating matrix for urban policies .................................... 84 6. Summary and Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 88 BIBLIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................................................................... 91 C/ THE REPOSITIONING OF CITIES AND URBAN REGIONS IN A GLOBAL ECONOMY: PUSHING POLICY AND GOVERNANCE OPTIONS. ............................................................................. 94 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 94 2. Core elements in today‘s cities and urban regions ................................................................................. 95 3. Scaling and its consequences ................................................................................................................. 97 4. Mega-regions ....................................................................................................................................... 100 5. Proximity and its advantages: does it hold for mega regions? ............................................................. 103 6. Does geographic dispersal feed agglomeration economies? ................................................................ 106 7. The ongoing importance of central places ........................................................................................... 108 8. Cross border networks: an urbanised spatial form. .............................................................................. 110 9. Global service firms: feeding inter-city geographies. .......................................................................... 111 11. Flight connectivity ............................................................................................................................. 114 12. Global Immigration cities .................................................................................................................. 116 13. Regional specificity and knowledge economies: any links? .............................................................
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