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A Knowledge-Based Development Model for Primate Cities of the Developing World

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A Knowledge-Based Development Model for Primate Cities of the Developing World NNT : 2016SACLE058 THESE DE DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE PARIS-SACLAY PREPAREE A L’UNIVERSITE D'EVRY-VAL-D'ESSONE ÉCOLE DOCTORALE N°578 Sciences de l'homme et de la société (SHS) Spécialité de doctorat : Sciences de gestion Par M. Paul Geoffrey Cuthbert Hector A knowledge-based development model for primate cities of the developing world Thèse présentée et soutenue à Evry, le 21 novembre 2016 : Composition du Jury : Mme. C. Ammi, Université Paris-Saclay, Président M. T. Burger-Helmchen, University of Strasbourg, Rapporteur M. B. Paguet, European Business School, Rapporteur M. J-L. Ermine, Université Paris-Saclay, Directeur de thèse M. Vincent Ribière, Bangkok University, Co-Directeur de thèse © 2016 Paul Geoffrey Cuthbert Hector All Rights Reserved This page left blank intentionally ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS An African proverb says that it takes a village to raise a child… Looking back on my experiences and ongoing life journey, I see and feel privileged that this village which continues to grow is a global one stretching from my little island of St Kitts- Nevis and going far beyond… This research has been shaped and is indebted to the many experiences, decisions contacts, people, places, impressions, kindnesses received, events… from personal, family, friends, professional and other dimensions of experiences in this global village, some known, some still unknown, some I may never know. During my doctoral journey I have been blessed with three research supervisors, each one a highly accomplished, internationally recognized and outstanding master who has inspired and challenged me but also provided me with space to grow and pursue my interests. They are Dr. Jean-Louis Ermine (France), Dr. Vincent Ribiere (Thailand) and Dr. Alex Bennet (USA). Jean-Louis it seems like just yesterday when we first sat in that classroom at 13 rue Barrault, and started this journey, you were right, this experience has changed me. Thank you for always being there, for your guidance, humor, wisdom and professional mentorship. Vincent, I have been nourished by your rare ability to blend scientific rigor with playfulness, openness, humility, joy of learning and creativity. Alex, I’d like to thank you for entrusting me with access to your global network and for challenging me to explore, acknowledge and embrace my transition from apprentice hood to higher levels of disciplinary and personal mastery. I continue to learn and be inspired in so many ways from each of you…. I feel very privileged to have had as rapporteurs, Dr Chantal Ammi, Dr Thierry Burger-Helmchen and Dr Bertrand Paguet. You are distinguished academics, leaders in your fields and I am deeply grateful to you for taking time to appraise my work and for your suggestions on improvements and future research streams to be pursued. Many people through interviews, extended discussions, e-mail exchanges as well as their pointers to key resources and through their introductions to experts have helped to shape my research. Thank you Fisseha Alazar, Chantal Ammi, Debra Amidon, Emmanuel Baudoin, Imed Boughzala, Francesco Calabrese, Farhad Daneshgar, Francisco Javier Carrillo, Bhumika Gupta, Menghestab Haile, Abdul vi Waheed Khan, Abinet Gebremedhin, Mehader Gebremedhin, Jean-Luc Moriceau, Hans D’Orville, Allula Pankhurst, Axel Plathe, Julia Pohle, Larry Prusak, Waltraut Ritter, John Rose, Bulat Sanditov, Ravi S. Sharma, Manasi Shukla, Niall Sinclair, Florence Ssereo, Michael Sutton and Wanpen Upton! I am also indebted to the administrative staff at TEM and BU who have helped me navigate the sometimes challenging back-office procesess! Thank you Valaiporn Isan, Kudaboon Kirtiputra, Laddawan Leesakun and Siriporn Saengkeyoon at BU and Atonia Cordignano Michelle Duhamel, Charlotte Guy, and Sylvie Prehu at TEM. The Issy Le Moulineux Community Center, Le Temps des Cerises, was an important study venue and I am grateful to the staff for their generosity and hospitality. To my fellow PhDers at BU and TEM we have had opportunities to exchange, learn from and encourage each other. I especially think of Alain, Anuragini, Audrey, Bo, Johanna, Long, Maik, Mehdi, Philippe, Preecha, Ratvilai, Ronnie, Sharn and Wilsonn. Thank you all! The past 15 years at UNESCO have been formative ones enabling me to witness and participate in the UNESCO project of building knowledge societies. I thank the Organization for recognizing this PhD as a self-funded initiative and self-initiated element in my learning and development plan. I thank the staff in HRM (Jenny and Nidza) for their advice and grateful to the library staff and archive team especially Petra and Adele. My supervisor, Boyan Radoykov for accommodating flexibility in my work hours, his encouragement and support for my efforts to pursue this research. To the CI leadership, Indrajit Banerjee, Janis Karklins and Getachew Engida for their approvals. Thank you Venus, Alton, Cédric, Geoff, Helena and Papa for your encouragement, advice and the resources you shared or pointed me to. To my parents Eugenie & Keithly Hector I thank you both for the values that you transmitted to us when we were growing up, in words and most importantly by your daily example. Most of all helping me to realize that I always have a choice and that I can do anything I set my mind to, as long as I apply myself consistently. My only regret is that you Dads even though you are still with us, may not be aware and able to share in this achievement which would have made you so happy. Yet I am thankful for this lesson and reminder that the gifts of health and time are precious, powerful and yet vii so fragile… To my siblings Paula, Sharon, Carol and Stephen, thank you for helping me to be the person I am today. To my Darling Wife, thank you for your unhesitating, unreserved and unswerving support throughout my PhD journey!! Helen, where would I be without your Love in my life! Thank you for the two treasures – Aelan and Liam - that you have brought into our life. They are fountains of joy which enable me to discover and rediscover reservoirs of hope, inspiration, energy, insight and motivation within me that I never knew existed. Finally, to the Source…. from which all possibilities flow and return and from which nothing can be hidden, I am so grateful to be on this journey, this path of greater personal discovery and self-realization….. This page left blank intentionally Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................................... V LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................................................. XXXVI CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND ........................................................................... 39 1.1 URBANIZATION AND ITS IMPACTS AS AN AGENT OF CHANGE .............................................................. 39 1.2 KNOWLEDGE AS A STRATEGIC RESOURCE ........................................................................................ 40 1.3 THE INTERSECTION OF KNOWLEDGE AND CITIES ............................................................................... 41 1.4 KEY INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES ............................................................................ 42 1.5 UNESCO, AN INTERNATIONAL ADVOCATE OF KNOWLEDGE-BASED DEVELOPMENT ............................... 44 1.5.1. UNESCO's knowledge societies conceptual framework. .................................................. 45 1.6 PROBLEM STATEMENT ................................................................................................................. 46 1.7 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................ 48 1.8 RESEARCH QUESTIONS ................................................................................................................ 49 1.9 PERSONAL MOTIVATION .............................................................................................................. 49 1.10 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH ................................................................................................... 50 1.11 ORGANIZATION OF THE DISSERTATION ........................................................................................... 52 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................... 55 2.1 HEIGHTENED ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE AND INTANGIBLES AS SOCIETAL STRATEGIC RESOURCES………………….55 2.1.1. Knowledge as a strategic resource. .................................................................................. 56 2.1.2. Knowledge’s unique properties. ....................................................................................... 57 2.2 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................ 59 2.2.1. Knowledge representations in the literature. ................................................................... 59 2.2.2. Some evolutions in the field of knowledge management. ............................................... 60 2.3 INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ................................................................................................................ 62 xvi 2.3.1. Varying disciplinary perspectives on intellectual capital. ................................................. 62 2.3.2. Classifying and leveraging intellectual capital. ................................................................ 63 2.4 ECONOMIC
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