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Reaction of Tangerines Genotypes to Elsinoe Fawcettiiunder
Reaction of tangerines genotypes to Elsinoe fawcettii under natural infection conditions Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 11: 77-81, 2011 Brazilian Society of Plant Breeding. Printed in Brazil Reaction of tangerines genotypes to Elsinoe fawcettii under natural infection conditions Marcelo Claro de Souza1*, Eduardo Sanches Stuchi2 and Antonio de Goes3 Received 11 February 2010 Accepted 30 September 2010 ABSTRACT - A citrus scab disease, caused by Elsinoe fawcettii, is currently found in all citrus areas throughout Brazil. That being, given the importance of this casual agent, the behavior of tangerines and hybrids influenced by this pathogen was evaluated under natural infection conditions. This study was performed with plants around 15 years old without irrigation; 100 fruits of three plants were collected during harvest season, using a grade scale varying from 0 (absence of symptoms) to 6 (severe symptoms) the level of disease severity was determined. Among the cultivars, citrus scab resistance was observed in Citrus deliciosa, C. tangerina, C. nobilis; a mandarin hybrid (C. nobilis x C. deliciosa) and a satsuma hybrid (C. unshiu x C. sinensis). Among the other genotypes, symptoms were observed with levels of severity ranging from 1 to 3, indicating moderate resistance. Key words: Citrus scab, citrus crop, resistant varieties. INTRODUCTION In Brazil, E. fawcettii is responsible for citrus scab. The disease is widespread in many humid, citrus-cultivating In many citrus production areas around the world, areas around the world and decreases fruit values on the Elsinoe fawcettii is one of the main fungi diseases found. fresh-fruit market (Feichtenberger et al. 1986). In young It attacks a wide variety of citrus species and cultivars, plants or under severe infection, it may cause significant resulting in scab disease on leaves, twigs, and fruits (Timmer fruit drop. -
Field Performance of 'Marsh Seedless' Grapefruit On
582 Stuchi et al. FIELD PERFORMANCE OF ‘MARSH SEEDLESS’ GRAPEFRUIT ON TRIFOLIATE ORANGE INOCULATED WITH VIROIDS IN BRAZIL Eduardo Sanches Stuchi1,2*; Simone Rodrigues da Silva2; Luiz Carlos Donadio2; Otávio Ricardo Sempionato2; Eduardo Toller Reiff2 1 Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, R. Embrapa s/n ,C.P. 7 - 44380-000 - Cruz das Almas, BA - Brasil. 2 Estação Experimental de Citricultura de Bebedouro, C.P. 74 - 14700-971 - Bebedouro, SP - Brasil. *Corresponding author <[email protected]> ABSTRACT: Some viroids reduce citrus tree growth and may be used for tree size control aiming the establishment of orchards with close tree spacing that may provide higher productivity than conventional ones. To study the effects of citrus viroids inoculation on vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality of ‘Marsh Seedless’ grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) grafted on trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.], an experiment was set up in January 1991, in Bebedouro, São Paulo State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four treatments with two plants per plot: viroid isolates Citrus Exocortis Viroid (CEVd) + Hop stunt viroid (HSVd - CVd-II, a non cachexia variant) + Citrus III viroid (CVd-III) and Hop stunt viroid (HSVd - CVd-II, a non cachexia variant) + Citrus III viroid (CVd-III) and controls: two healthy buds (control), and no grafting (absolute control). Inoculation was done in the field, six months after planting by bud grafting. Both isolates reduced tree growth (trunk diameter, plant height, canopy diameter and volume). Trees not inoculated yielded better (average of eleven harvests) than inoculated ones but the productivity was the same after 150 months. -
Arizona Department of Agriculture Environmental & Plant Services Division 1688 W
DOUGLAS A. DUCEY MARK W. KILLIAN Governor Director Arizona Department of Agriculture Environmental & Plant Services Division 1688 W. Adams Street, Phoenix, Arizona 85007 P. (602) 542-0994 F. (602) 542-1004 SUMMARY OF EXTERIOR QUARANTINES Updated April 16, 2021 CONTACTS Jack Peterson…...…………………………………………………………………………..…Associate Director (602) 542-3575 [email protected] Rachel Paul…………………………………………………………………………...Field Operations Manager (602) 542-3243 [email protected] Jamie Legg………………………………………………………………………..Quarantine Program Manager (602) 542-0992 [email protected] INDEX Summaries………………………………………………………………………………………...……….Page 2 Nursery Stock…………………………………………………………………………...…………Page 2 House Plants……………………………………………………………………………………….Page 2 Boll Weevil Pest…………………………………………………………………………………...Page 2 Citrus Nursery Stock Pests………………………………………………………………………...Page 3 Nut Tree Pests……………………………………………………………………………………..Page 3 Nut Pests…………………………………………………………………………………………...Page 4 Lettuce Mosaic Virus……………………………………………………………………………...Page 4 Imported Fire Ants………………………………………………………………………………...Page 5 Palm Tree Pests…………………………………………………………………………………....Page 5 Noxious Weeds…………………………………………………………………………………....Page 7 Japanese beetle…………………………………………………………………………………….Page 9 Arizona Administrative Code, Title 3, Chapter 4, Article 2 Quarantine……………………..………….Page 10 April 16, 2021 www.agriculture.az.gov Page 1 SUMMARIES Nursery Stock States Regulated - All states, districts, and territories of the United States. Regulated Commodities - All trees, shrubs, vines, cacti, agaves, succulents, -
Citrus Industry Biosecurity Plan 2015
Industry Biosecurity Plan for the Citrus Industry Version 3.0 July 2015 PLANT HEALTH AUSTRALIA | Citrus Industry Biosecurity Plan 2015 Location: Level 1 1 Phipps Close DEAKIN ACT 2600 Phone: +61 2 6215 7700 Fax: +61 2 6260 4321 E-mail: [email protected] Visit our web site: www.planthealthaustralia.com.au An electronic copy of this plan is available through the email address listed above. © Plant Health Australia Limited 2004 Copyright in this publication is owned by Plant Health Australia Limited, except when content has been provided by other contributors, in which case copyright may be owned by another person. With the exception of any material protected by a trade mark, this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivs 3.0 Australia licence. Any use of this publication, other than as authorised under this licence or copyright law, is prohibited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/ - This details the relevant licence conditions, including the full legal code. This licence allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to Plant Health Australia (as below). In referencing this document, the preferred citation is: Plant Health Australia Ltd (2004) Industry Biosecurity Plan for the Citrus Industry (Version 3.0 – July 2015). Plant Health Australia, Canberra, ACT. Disclaimer: The material contained in this publication is produced for general information only. It is not intended as professional advice on any particular matter. No person should act or fail to act on the basis of any material contained in this publication without first obtaining specific and independent professional advice. -
CITRUS BUDWOOD Annual Report 2017-2018
CITRUS BUDWOOD Annual Report 2017-2018 Citrus Nurseries affected by Hurricane Irma, September 2017 Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Our Vision The Bureau of Citrus Budwood Registration will be diligent in providing high yielding, pathogen tested, quality budlines that will positively impact the productivity and prosperity of our citrus industry. Our Mission The Bureau of Citrus Budwood Registration administers a program to assist growers and nurserymen in producing citrus nursery trees that are believed to be horticulturally true to varietal type, productive, and free from certain recognizable bud-transmissible diseases detrimental to fruit production and tree longevity. Annual Report 2018 July 1, 2017 – June 30, 2018 Bureau of Citrus Budwood Registration Ben Rosson, Chief This is the 64th year of the Citrus Budwood Registration Program which began in Florida in 1953. Citrus budwood registration and certification programs are vital to having a healthy commercial citrus industry. Clean stock emerging from certification programs is the best way to avoid costly disease catastrophes in young plantings and their spread to older groves. Certification programs also restrict or prevent pathogens from quickly spreading within growing areas. Regulatory endeavors have better prospects of containing or eradicating new disease outbreaks if certification programs are in place to control germplasm movement. Budwood registration has the added benefit in allowing true-to-type budlines to be propagated. The selection of high quality cultivars for clonal propagation gives growers uniform plantings of high quality trees. The original mother stock selected for inclusion in the Florida budwood program is horticulturally evaluated for superior performance, either by researchers, growers or bureau staff. -
Relationship of Citrus Yield and Virus Infection in Trinidad
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 6(2):112-115, July-December, 2004 Relationship of citrus yield and virus infection in Trinidad L. Andrewsa, R. Phelpsb and R.A.I. Brathwaitec aCaroni Research Station, Waterloo Road, Carapichaima, Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, E-mail: [email protected]; b138 Bregon Park, D’Abadie, Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, E-mail: [email protected]; cFaculty of Science and Agriculture, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, E-mail: [email protected]. Abstract Low yield is a serious problem of citrus in Trinidad but it is not known to what extent virus/viroid diseases contribute to yield reduction. This study is an attempt to quantify both the extent of infection of major virus/viroid diseases known to exist in citrus locally and the relationship of infection level with yield. The virus and virus-like diseases assessed in surveys were citrus tristeza virus (CTV), citrus exocortis viroid (CEV) and psorosis. The study began in 1996 and was conducted on Valencia orange, Ortanique tangor and Portugal mandarin established on sour orange rootstock. Techniques used in the survey included visual assessment of symptoms and both biological and serological indexing. In 1997, Ortanique had the highest level of CTV infection of 48.8% of trees, while in the other cultivars <10% tested positive. There were significantly fewer high yielding Ortanique CTV positive trees compared to CTV negative trees (P = 0.042). Fruit count of CTV positive trees was significantly lower than CTV negative trees in Valencia 2000 (P = 0.004) and Ortanique for a cumulative period of 1998 – 2000 (P = 0.001). -
Plant Quarantine Import Regulations Thailand
Plant Quarantine Import Regulations Thailand Plant Quarantine Act Presently, the Plant Quarantine Act B.E. 2507 (1952) amended by the Plant Quarantine Act (No. 2) B.E. 2542 (1999) is being enforced. The Act contains 27 Sections. In order to prevent the invasion of plant pests and diseases from outside the country, a number of regulations, notifications and orders are applied to imported plants and plant products under the Plant Quarantine Act. Administrative Body of the Act The Plant Quarantine Act B.E. 2507 (1952) amended by the Plant Quarantine Act (No. 2) B.E. 2542 (1999) is administered by the Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. The Department of Agriculture has assigned the Plant Quarantine Sub-Division, Agricultural Regulatory Division to carry out various functions authorized by the Act. Plant Quarantine Import Requirements Under the Act, the import of plants and plant products is categorized into 3 groups namely prohibited, restricted and unprohibited materials according to their economic importance and prevalence to plant pests and diseases at their place of origin. Following are import requirements of prohibited, restricted and unprohibited materials. • Prohibited materials : The import of the following items listed in Table 1 is not allowed. Exceptions are permitted only for cases approved in advance by the Department of Agriculture for the purpose of experimentation or research only. (1) Plants and plant products designated by the Ministerial Notification, shipped from the areas specify by the Ministerial Notification. (2) Plants, plants pests and diseases and carriers (3) Soil and organic fertilizer The requirement for importation of prohibited materials is set as follows: (1) They must be imported via 3 plant quarantine stations namely; Bangkok International Airport, Bangkok Maritime Port and Bangkok General Post Office Plant Quarantine Station. -
213 Part 319—Foreign Quarantine Notices
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA Pt. 319 States, or the continental United 319.8–14 Mexican cotton and covers not oth- States.’’ erwise enterable. [24 FR 10777, Dec. 29, 1959, as amended at 66 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS FR 21054, Apr. 27, 2001] 319.8–16 Importation into United States of cotton and covers exported therefrom. PART 319—FOREIGN QUARANTINE 319.8–17 Importation for exportation, and importation for transportation and ex- NOTICES portation; storage. 319.8–18 Samples. Subpart—Preemption 319.8–19–20 [Reserved] 319.8–21 Release of cotton and covers after 319.1 Preemption of State and local laws. 18 months’ storage. 319.8–22 Ports of entry or export. Subpart—Requests To Amend The 319.8–23 Treatment. Regulations 319.8–24 Collection and disposal of waste. 319.8–25 Costs and charges. 319.5 Requirements for submitting requests 319.8–26 Material refused entry. to change the regulations in 7 CFR part 319. Subpart—Sugarcane Subpart—Controlled Import Permits 319.15 Notice of quarantine. 319.15a Administrative instructions and in- 319.6 Controlled import permits. terpretation relating to entry into Guam of bagasse and related sugarcane prod- Subpart—Permits: Application, Issuance, ucts. Denial, and Revocation 319.7 Definitions. Subpart—Citrus Canker and Other Citrus 319.7–1 Applying for a permit. Diseases 319.7–2 Issuance of permits and labels. 319.19 Notice of quarantine. 319.7–3 Denial of permits. 319.7–4 Withdrawal, cancellation, and rev- Subpart—Corn Diseases ocation of permits. 319.7–5 Appeal of denial or revocation. QUARANTINE Subpart—Foreign Cotton and Covers 319.24 Notice of quarantine. -
'Persian' Lime Selections Grafted Onto Swingle Citrumelo
109 Scientia Agricola http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-9016-2015-0058 Initial horticultural performance of nine ‘Persian’ lime selections grafted onto Swingle citrumelo Magno Guimarães Santos*, Walter dos Santos Soares Filho, Eduardo Augusto Girardi, Abelmon da Silva Gesteira, Orlando Sampaio Passos, Claudia Fortes Ferreira Embrapa Cassava and Fruits, R. Embrapa, s/n − 44380-000 ABSTRACT: ‘Persian’ lime (PL) [Citrus latifolia (Yu. Tanaka) Tanaka] is an important species both − Cruz das Almas, BA − Brazil. for domestic fresh fruit consumption in Brazil as well as the export market, since the country *Corresponding author <[email protected]> is one of the largest producers in the world despite the fact that, in commercial plantations, it is still not uncommon to find trees with low productivity and high plant vigor of unknown origin. Edited by: Lincoln Zotarelli Selections of Persian lime ‘CNPMF–2000’, ‘CNPMF–2001’, ‘CNPMF–01’, ‘CNPMF–02’, ‘IAC–5’, ‘IAC–5.1’, ‘Bearss’, ‘Persian–58’, and ‘5059’, were therefore grafted onto Swingle citrumelo [C. paradisi Macfad. cv. Duncan × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] rootstocks and evaluated in Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil in a field experiment conducted in a completely randomized block design with five replications and two trees per plot. The biometric attributes (canopy height, diameter and volume), yield parameters (yield during the off-season harvest period, yield per plant, pro- duction efficiency), and fruit quality traits, were evaluated. The ‘CNPMF–2001’, ‘CNPMF–01’, ‘CNPMF–02’, ‘IAC–5’, and ‘Bearss’ selections had 5-11 % shorter trees than the other cultivars. ‘CNPMF–01’, ‘CNPMF–02’, ‘Persian–58’, and ‘5059’ presented higher yield efficiency values, between 3.1-3.4 kg m−3, and higher yield levels during the off-season harvest periods. -
Tangerine Dreams Squeezed Into Whisky Or Steeped in a Bath— Japanese Citrus Works Its Magic on Adam H
ESSAY Tangerine Dreams Squeezed into whisky or steeped in a bath— Japanese citrus works its magic on Adam H. Graham. ILLUSTRATED BY WASINEE CHANTAKORN ANY FOOD TRAVELER worth their salt accepts past stretches of sun-kissed orange groves that certain items never taste as good at home punctuated by views of the tranquil azure as they do at their source. I’ve sampled zesty ocean, and roadside stands selling boxes full olive oils in Italy, sipped tasty zin in Oz, and of the orange balls for ¥100. These ponkan, devoured strange fruit in Colombia... and also known as Chinese honey oranges, are every one, after being wrapped, packed and harvested on Yakushima in December. While hauled home, lost a little bit of magic if not a I sat slouched in the boxy car, queasy from my whole lot of flavor. This rule is also true of stomach bug, my guide, eager to redeem the Japanese citrus fruits, which, according to experience, asked if I wanted to taste a freshly Japan’s unique Tanaka classification system, plucked ponkan. “It will help your stomach,” exist in 162 varietals, each as subtle and she said. I was skeptical, but acquiesced. nuanced as you’d expect of something that’s She stopped the car and plucked an been crossbred in the country for 2,000 years. armful from a tree and offered me pick of the My first brush with Japanese citrus was litter. The peel fell away and the flesh inside in December 2012 on a crazy one-night trip was sweet, juicy and especially fragrant, to the island of Yakushima to celebrate my somewhere on the citrus scale between 40th birthday. -
THERAPY and VARIETY IMPROVEMENT the Citrus Variety
THERAPY AND VARIETY IMPROVEMENT The Citrus Variety Improvement Program in Spain after Eleven Years L. Navarro, J. Juarez, J. A. Pina, J. F. Ballester and J. M. Arregui ABSTRACT. The Citrus Variety Improvement Program in Spain (CVIPS) started in 1975 with the following objectives: a) to recover virus-free plants by shoot-tip grafting in vitro from cultivars selected in Spain; b) to release virus-free budwood to citrus nurseries and c) to establish a germplasm bank of healthy plants. In 1983 these objectives were expanded with the importation of citrus bud- wood from other areas through a quarantine station based on tissue culture in vitro techniques. Sixty- three species and varieties have been introduced through this quarantine station so far. Presently the CVIPS has 267 accessions and 112 have been freed of virus and virus-like diseases and are available to citrus nurseries. So far, over 12 million healthy trees from the CVIPS have been planted in commercial orchards. Index words. shoot-tip grafting in vitro, quarantine, viruses, indexing. Virus and virus-like diseases are 3) Release of healthy budwood to widespread in older Spanish citrus growers. plantings producing very important 4) Establishment of a citrus germ- economic losses to the citrus industry. plasm bank. Tristeza, exocortis, cachexia, concave gum, impietratura, ringspot, cris- RECOVERYOFHEALTHY tacortis, vein enation-woody gall, PLANTS SELECTED IN SPAIN crinkly leaf, and stubborn have been detected in commercial orchards (9), This part of the program is based where most trees are infected with on shoot-tip grafting in vitro (6, 12, more than one disease. -
2020–2021 Florida Citrus Production Guide: Exocortis, Cachexia, and Other Viroids1 Amit Levy, Ozgur Batuman, and Ronald H
PP-179 2020–2021 Florida Citrus Production Guide: Exocortis, Cachexia, and Other Viroids1 Amit Levy, Ozgur Batuman, and Ronald H. Brlansky2 Exocortis and cachexia are diseases caused by viroids such as Etrog citron for exocortis and dwarfing viroids, and can lead to stunted growth and reduced yields in and Parson’s Special mandarin for cachexia. Biological infected plants. Viroids are small, infectious circular-RNA indexing on Etrog citron requires 3–6 months, and index- molecules. Exocortis causes dwarfing and bark scaling on ing on Parson’s Special mandarin for cachexia requires at rootstocks such as trifoliate orange and many of its hybrids, least one year. In the laboratory, detection is much more including Rangpur lime, Carrizo citrange, and others. rapid by sensitive laboratory procedures, such as several PCR or hybridization techniques. In Florida, the decrease Stunting is usually severe on trifoliate orange rootstock, in the incidence of viroid diseases is because budwood less severe on citranges and Rangpur lime, and mild on sources used by nurseries are always certified free of viroids Swingle citrumelo. Swingle citrumelo does not usually through the Bureau of Citrus Budwood Registration. show bark scaling. Cachexia, also called xyloporosis, causes severe pitting and gumming in the bark and wood of the Recommended Practices trunks and branches on some tangerines and their hybrids. Orlando tangelo is especially sensitive. Rootstocks affected 1. Budwood sources used by nurseries should be certified include Citrus macrophylla, some mandarins, and sweet free of viroids, especially if the rootstock or cultivars lime. Another viroid that occurs commonly in Florida is employed are sensitive to these viroids.