DOCSLIB.ORG

Surface Water Bodies in the Sava River Basin

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Surface Water Bodies in the Sava River Basin Sava River Basin Management Plan Background paper No.1 Surface water bodies in the Sava River Basin March 2013 This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the beneficiaries and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union. Sava River Basin Management Plan Table of Contents 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................... 5 2. Description of the Sava River and its main tributaries ......................... 5 2.1 Sectioning of the River Sava.................................................................................................. 8 3 Delineation of surface water bodies ............................................................ 10 4 Surface water monitoring network in the Sava River Basin ............... 18 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 18 4.2 Assessment of the existing national and Danube basin wide monitoring networks .................................................................................................................................... 19 4.3 Danube Transnational Monitoring Network ...................................................................... 21 4.4 Comparability of monitoring results ....................................................................... 23 4.5 Monitoring of hazardous substances in the Sava River during Joint Danube Surveys ....................................................................................................................................... 25 4.6 Description of the WFD compliant surface monitoring programmes in the Sava River Basin ..................................................................................................................... 26 4.6.1 Designing of surveillance monitoring ................................................................. 27 4.6.2 Designing of operational monitoring .................................................................. 28 4.6.3 Designing of investigative monitoring ................................................................ 29 4.6.4 Frequencies of the monitoring ............................................................................... 29 4.6.5 Methods for monitoring ........................................................................................... 30 4.6.6 Cost estimation of surveillance monitoring ...................................................... 30 5 Surface Water Status ...................................................................................... 36 5.1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 36 5.1.2 Quality elements .......................................................................................................... 36 5.1.3 Reference conditions ................................................................................................. 38 5.1.4 Normative definitions ............................................................................................... 40 5.1.5 Setting Ecological Quality Rations - based class boundaries ..................... 41 5.1.6 Classification ................................................................................................................. 42 5.1.7 Confidence in the status assessment ................................................................... 44 5.1.8 Methods of assessment of ecological and chemical status. ...... ....................48 5.2 Ecological status/potential and chemical status assessment ...................................... 46 5.2.1 Gaps and uncertainties ............................................................................................. 50 6 References ......................................................................................................... 51 Background paper No.1: Surface Water Bodies in the Sava River Basin 2 Sava River Basin Management Plan List of Figures Figure 1: Sava River sub-basins (with catchment areas larger than 1,000 km2) Figure 2: Ecoregions within the Sava River Basin. Figure 3: Sectioning of the Sava River Figure 4: Number of all delineated surface water bodies in the Sava River Basin per country Figure 5: The length (in km) of the natural delineated WBs, HMWBs and candidates for HMWBs for the Sava River and its tributaries Figure 1: Surface water monitoring stations in the Danube River Basin District Figure 7: Stations for the different types of monitoring of surface water Figure 8: Distribution of Cadmium in the SPM along the Danube River during JDS2 Figure 9: Basic principles for classification of ecological status based on Ecological Quality Ratio (EQR). Figure 10: Basic scheme of ecological and chemical status assessment including quality elements. Figure 11: Indication of the relative roles of biological, hydromorphological and physico-chemical quality elements in ecological status classification according normative definitions. Figure 12: Confidence levels for ecological status assessment Figure 13: Confidence levels for chemical status assessment. Figure 14: Length (km) of the individual ecological status classes in the Sava River and its tributaries Figure 15: Assessment of the chemical status in the water bodies of Sava River and its tributaries (length of water bodies – km) List of Tables Table 1: List of the rivers in the Sava River Basin considered for the Sava RBMP Table 2: List of delineated surface water bodies Table 3: The share and area of the Sava River Basin per country; length and number of delineated WBs for Sava River Basin rivers with catchment areas >1000 km2 (including Sotla/Sutla, Lašva, Tinja) Table 1: a/b Water concentrations of organic substances determined in the Sava River during the JDS2 (in ng/L) Table 5: Frequencies of the monitoring Table 6: Cost estimation for the surveillance monitoring Table 7: Quality elements to be used for assessment of ecological status based on the list in Annex V, 1.1 of the WFD. Background paper No.1: Surface Water Bodies in the Sava River Basin 3 Sava River Basin Management Plan Table 8: The assessment of the ecological status for Sava River and its tributaries Table 9: The assessment of the chemical status for Sava River and its tributaries List of Annexes Annex 1: Details on surface water body delineation and status assessment in the Sava River Basin Annex 2: Surface water body status assessment in the Sava River Basin Background paper No.1: Surface Water Bodies in the Sava River Basin 4 Sava River Basin Management Plan 1. Introduction This background paper gives information on description of the rivers in the Sava River Basin, the process of surface water bodies (SWBs) delineation, assessment of surface water monitoring network including proposal for achievement of compliance with WFD and methodologies applied for surface water body status assessment. 2. Description of the Sava River and its main tributaries The Sava River rises from the Sava Dolinka and the Sava Bohinjka in Slovenia. With its numerous tributaries along 945 km waterway to the Danube, it represents one of the most significant basins in the region (basin area of 97,713.20 km2 – SRBA Report, 2009). Together with its longer headwater, the Sava Dolinka River, the length of the river is 990 km. Confluence of the Sava River into the Danube is in Belgrade (1,170 rkm of the Danube). Its average discharge at the confluence (Belgrade, Serbia) is about 1,700 m3/s which results in the long-term average unit-area-runoff for the complete catchment of about 18 l/s/km2. The most important tributaries are listed in Table 1. Based on the SRBA Report (2009), it was agreed that the rivers with drainage area above 1,000 km2 will be taken into account as well as reservoirs with a volume above 5 million m3. Next to the above mentioned rivers, three smaller rivers (Sotla/Sutla, Lašva, Tinja) of the basin-wide importance were included in the Sava RBMP. The detail hydrological features are described in SRBA Report (2009). In general, the upper part of the basin is characterized by torrential tributaries – Kkra, Kamniška Bistrica and Savinja (from the left side) and Sora, Ljubljanica and Krka (from the right). East of Ljubljana, the Sava flows through a 90 km long gorge and afterwards through the Karst Plain (Krško polje). In its middle and lower stretch, the Sava River flows through wide floodplain. Common feature of almost all right tributaries of the Sava River is their torrential character, particularly in their upper sections. River channels are often deeply cut into the hard rocks, with very violent flow through gorges. The Bosna, Una and Vrbas Rivers are, by the size of catchment area, as well as the length, among the most important tributaries. Background paper No.1: Surface Water Bodies in the Sava River Basin 5 Sava River Basin Management Plan Table 1: List of the rivers in the Sava River Basin considered for the Sava RBMP River name River River Sava RB Tributary Confluence to basin length countries order the size (km) sharing the Sava/tributary (km2) river basin L-left side R-right side Sava 97,713.2 944.7 SI, HR, BA, ME RS - - Ljubljanica 1,860.0 40.00 SI 1st R Savinja 1,849.0 93.60 SI 1st L Krka 2,247.0 94.70 SI 1st R Sotla/Sutla 584.3 89.70 SI, HR 1st L Krapina 1,237.0 66.87 HR 1st L Kupa/Kolpa 10,225.6 118.3
Load more

Recommended publications
  • From Urban Geodiversity to Geoheritage: the Case of Ljubljana (Slovenia)
    Jure Tičar eT al. QUAESTIONES GEOGRAPHICAE 36(3) • 2017 FROM URBAN GEODIVERSITY TO GEOHERITAGE: THE CASE OF LJUBLJANA (SLOVENIA) Jure Tičar, Blaž Komac, maTiJa Zorn, maTeJa FerK, mauro HrvaTin, roK ciglič Anton Melik Geographical Institute, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia Manuscript received: March 31, 2017 Revised version: June 19, 2017 Tičar J., Komac B., Zorn M., FerK M., HrvaTin M., ciglič R., 2017. From urban geodiversity to geoheritage: the case of Ljubljana (Slovenia). Quaestiones Geographicae 36(3), Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań, pp. 37–50. 7 figs, 1 table. aBsTracT: The city of Ljubljana lies at the intersection of various geomorphological regions that have strongly influ- enced its spatial organization. Prehistoric settlements were built on marshland, a Roman town was built on the first river terrace of the Ljubljanica River, and in the Middle Ages a town was built in a strategic position between the Lju- bljanica River and Castle Hill. The modern city absorbed all usable space between the nearby hills. This paper reviews some relief features in Ljubljana, their influence on the city’s spatial development, and urban geoheritage. The results indicate new possibilities for urban geoheritage tourism in the Slovenian capital and its surroundings. Key words: geoheritage, geomorphology, urbanization, spatial growth, Ljubljana Corresponding author: Jure Tičar, [email protected] Introduction connecting the diversity of geomorphological and geological elements with their interpretation During the 1990s, geologists and geomorphol- and recreation (Necheş 2016). Consenquently ogists started using the term geodiversity to de- many geoparks dedicated to protect and to pro- scribe the diversity of nonliving nature (Sharples mote the nonliving elements of nature are being 1993, Wiedenbein 1994, Zwolinski 2004).
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation FORESTS
    CROATIA Climate and vegetation Geographic position of Croatia- Central European-mediterranean country Basic information about Croatia The land area 56594 km2 The teriritorial waters 31.067 km2 Lenght of coast 1777 km Number of islands, islets and reefs 1185 The highest point above the sea level 1831 m Number of countys 21 Number of cities and municiplalities 127 - 429 Population 4.290.612 Population on km2 78,1 Number of inhabited islands 48 Language Croatian Script Latin Political system Parliamentary democracy GDP per capita in 2012 10203 Breaking up Croatia into Counties Natural-geographic areas of Croatia Panonian-peripanonian region(includes 55% of the territory and 66% of the population) Mediterranean or Croatian coastal region(includes 31% of the territory and 31% of the population) Mountainous or Dinaric region (includes 14% of the territory and 3% of the population) Climate Climactic characteristics of Croatia are a result of its location in the mid-latitude, the influence of the Mediterranean and Atlantic seas as well as the shape and relief (mountains along the coast and Panonian plain). - moderate continental climate - Mediterranean climate - mountainous climate Vegetation FORESTS (climazonal vegetation) Mediterannean region covers approximately 40% of Croatia’s surface, here we find 17 forest communities; Eurosiberian-North American region covers about 60% of Croatia’s surface, where there are 45 forest communities. NON-FOREST VEGETATION Created by human activity – lawns, meadows, pastures, underbrush Spatial distribution
    [Show full text]
  • FEEFHS Journal Volume VII No. 1-2 1999
    FEEFHS Quarterly A Journal of Central & Bast European Genealogical Studies FEEFHS Quarterly Volume 7, nos. 1-2 FEEFHS Quarterly Who, What and Why is FEEFHS? Tue Federation of East European Family History Societies Editor: Thomas K. Ecllund. [email protected] (FEEFHS) was founded in June 1992 by a small dedicated group Managing Editor: Joseph B. Everett. [email protected] of American and Canadian genealogists with diverse ethnic, reli- Contributing Editors: Shon Edwards gious, and national backgrounds. By the end of that year, eleven Daniel Schlyter societies bad accepted its concept as founding members. Each year Emily Schulz since then FEEFHS has doubled in size. FEEFHS nows represents nearly two hundred organizations as members from twenty-four FEEFHS Executive Council: states, five Canadian provinces, and fourteen countries. lt contin- 1998-1999 FEEFHS officers: ues to grow. President: John D. Movius, c/o FEEFHS (address listed below). About half of these are genealogy societies, others are multi-pur- [email protected] pose societies, surname associations, book or periodical publish- 1st Vice-president: Duncan Gardiner, C.G., 12961 Lake Ave., ers, archives, libraries, family history centers, on-line services, in- Lakewood, OH 44107-1533. [email protected] stitutions, e-mail genealogy list-servers, heraldry societies, and 2nd Vice-president: Laura Hanowski, c/o Saskatchewan Genealogi- other ethnic, religious, and national groups. FEEFHS includes or- cal Society, P.0. Box 1894, Regina, SK, Canada S4P 3EI ganizations representing all East or Central European groups that [email protected] have existing genealogy societies in North America and a growing 3rd Vice-president: Blanche Krbechek, 2041 Orkla Drive, group of worldwide organizations and individual members, from Minneapolis, MN 55427-3429.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report Land Use Analyses
    The relevance of farming and farmland for maintaining the landscape and biodiversity of the Sava floodplains Final report of Task C of the Life 3 rd countries project Protection of Biodiversity of the Sava River Basin Floodplains Wageningen International December 2009 WageningenInternational The relevance of farming and farmland for maintaining the landscape and biodiversity of the Sava floodplains Final report of Task C of the Life 3 rd Countries Program Protection of Biodiversity of the Sava River Basin Floodplain (LIFE06 TCY INT 246 ) The following report is based on the reports of the Land Use Working Group The editors of the three country reports are: Croatia- Ivana Ilijas, Jasna Jeremic, Andreja Ribaric State Institute for Nature Protection of Croatia Serbia- Alen Kis, Laslo Galambos, Dejan Bakovic, Klara Szabados and Milos Vukelic; Institute for Nature Conservation Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovia- Tihomir Predic- Agricultural Institute Banja Luka ABSTRACT Author(s) Zingstra, Henk ( final edit), Alen Kis, Andreja Ribaric, Dejan Bakovic, Ivana Ilijas, Jasna Jeremic, Laslo Galambos, Klara Szabados, Milos Vukelic, Tihomir Predic ; The relevance of farmland and farming for the protection of the landscape and biodiversity of the Sava Floodplains, Final Report of Task C of the EU-LIFE06 TCY INT 246 Project. Photos: Institute for Nature Conservation of Croatia, Agricultural Institute Banja Luka. Keywords: Land use, agriculture, agri environment, flood protection, nature conservation. © 2009 Wageningen International P.O. Box 88; 6700 AB Wageningen; The Netherlands No part of this publication may be reproduced or published in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system without the written permission of Wageningen International.
    [Show full text]
  • Aquatic Molluscs of the Mrežnica River
    NAT. CROAT. VOL. 28 No 1 99-106 ZAGREB June 30, 2019 original scientific paper / izvorni znanstveni rad DOI 10.20302/NC.2019.28.9 AQUATIC MOLLUSCS OF THE MREŽNICA RIVER Luboš Beran Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic, Regional Office Kokořínsko – Máchův kraj Protected Landscape Area Administration, Česká 149, CZ–276 01 Mělník, Czech Republic (e-mail: [email protected]) Beran, L.: Aquatic molluscs of the Mrežnica River. Nat. Croat. Vol. 28, No. 1., 99-106, Zagreb, 2019. Results of a malacological survey of the Mrežnica River are presented. The molluscan assemblages of this river between the boundary of the Eugen Kvarternik military area and the inflow to the Korana River near Karlovac were studied from 2013 to 2018. Altogether 29 aquatic molluscs (19 gastropods, 10 bivalves) were found at 9 sites. Theodoxus danubialis, Esperiana esperi, Microcolpia daudebartii and Holandriana holandrii were dominant at most of the sites. The molluscan assemblages were very similar to assemblages documented during previous research into the Korana River. The populations of the endangered bivalves Unio crassus and Pseudanodonta complanata were recorded. An extensive population of another endangered gastropod Anisus vorticulus was found at one site. Physa acuta is the only non-native species confirmed in the Mrežnica River. Key words: Mollusca, Unio crassus, Anisus vorticulus, Mrežnica, faunistic, Croatia Beran, L.: Vodeni mekušci rijeke Mrežnice. Nat. Croat. Vol. 28, No. 1., 99-106, Zagreb, 2019. U radu su predstavljeni rezultati malakološkog istraživanja rijeke Mrežnice. Sastav mekušaca ove rijeke proučavan je na području od Vojnog poligona Eugen Kvarternik do njenog utoka u Koranu blizu Karlovca, u razdoblju 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • National Reviews 1998 Bosnia and Herzegovina Executive
    DANUBE POLLUTION REDUCTION PROGRAMME NATIONAL REVIEWS 1998 BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry in cooperation with the Programme Coordination Unit UNDP/GEF Assistance DANUBE POLLUTION REDUCTION PROGRAMME NATIONAL REVIEWS 1998 BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry in cooperation with the Programme Coordination Unit UNDP/GEF Assistance Preface The National Reviews were designed to produce basic data and information for the elaboration of the Pollution Reduction Programme (PRP), the Transboundary Analysis and the revision of the Strategic Action Plan of the International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR). Particular attention was also given to collect data and information for specific purposes concerning the development of the Danube Water Quality Model, the identification and evaluation of hot spots, the analysis of social and economic factors, the preparation of an investment portfolio and the development of financing mechanisms for the implementation of the ICPDR Action Plan. For the elaboration of the National Reviews, a team of national experts was recruited in each of the participating countries for a period of one to four months covering the following positions: Socio-economist with knowledge in population studies, Financial expert (preferably from the Ministry of Finance), Water Quality Data expert/information specialist, Water Engineering expert with knowledge in project development. Each of the experts had to organize his or her work under the supervision of the respective Country Programme Coordinator and with the guidance of a team of International Consultants. The tasks were laid out in specific Terms of Reference. At a Regional Workshop in Budapest from 27 to 29 January 1998, the national teams and the group of international consultants discussed in detail the methodological approach and the content of the National Reviews to assure coherence of results.
    [Show full text]
  • Drina River Basin Nexus Assessment - Phase II National Consultation Meeting KTH – Royal Institute of Technology: Emir Fejzić Youssef Almulla Dr
    Drina River Basin nexus assessment - Phase II National Consultation meeting KTH – Royal Institute of Technology: Emir Fejzić Youssef Almulla Dr. Vignesh Sridharan Dr. Francesco Gardumi 28/12/2020 National Consultation meeting 1 Agenda Key questions Scenarios Approach The river basin Preliminary results Hydro power plant cascade 28/12/2020 National Consultation meeting 2 Key questions to be addressed in Phase II • What role can renewables (hydro and non-hydro) in the Drina basin play in achieving the UNFCCC Nationally Determined Contributions? • What benefits does an increased share of non-hydro RES bring in terms of GHG emissions reduction and reduced stress on hydro power especially considering the need for flood containment measures. o To what extent may hydro power plants provide environmental services (e.g. environmental flows and flood control), and what impact does that have on their potential generation? • What are the effects of climate induced variability on hydropower generation? • What role could non-hydro RES play if the proposed plans for HPP development in the DRB are executed? • What effects can the Emission Trading Scheme, as part of the EU integration pathway, have on hydro and non-hydro RES development in the riparian countries? • In which way can hydro and non-hydro RES be impacted by the implementation of energy efficiency measures (demand- and supply-side)? 28/12/2020 National Consultation meeting 3 Scenarios proposed in Phase II • Reference scenario o Current policies, including INDC • Carbon pricing scenario o Effects
    [Show full text]
  • Article N° 09 Conf. CM², Split, Croatie, 2017
    Conférence Méditerranéenne Côtière et Maritime EDITION 4, SPLIT, CROATIA (2017) Coastal and Maritime Mediterranean Conference Disponible en ligne – http://www.paralia.fr – Available online Adriatic karstic estuaries, their characteristics and evolution Mladen JURAČIĆ 1 1. University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Geology, Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia. [email protected] Abstract: The coastal area of the eastern Adriatic is characterized with a prevalence of carbonate rocks and well-developed karst. Present freshwater input into the Adriatic is quite large, mostly through coastal and submarine springs. However, there are also a number of rivers debouching in the Adriatic from the eastern coast. Most of them have canyon like fluviokarstic valleys that were carved dominantly during Pleistocene and were drowned during post-LGM sea-level rise forming estuaries. These estuaries are filled to a different extent during Holocene highstand (last 7.500 years). The intraestuarine delta progradation is rather different in those estuaries depending on the quantity of the river- borne material. Human impact on progradation rate in some of the estuaries has been shown. Keywords: Estuaries, Sedimentation, Intraestuarine delta, Progradation, Allogenic river, Anthopo- genic influence. https://dx.doi.org/10.5150/cmcm.2017.009 45 Mediterranean rocky coasts: Features, processes, evolution and problems 1. Introduction Eastern Adriatic coastal area is formed predominantly in Mesozoic carbonate rocks with well-developed karst (PIKELJ & JURAČIĆ, 2013). Due to prevalent humid climatic conditions and karst maturation present freshwater input into the Adriatic is large, mostly through coastal and submarine springs (vruljas). However, there are also a number of rivers debouching into the Adriatic.
    [Show full text]
  • My Country Slovenia
    MY COUNTRY SLOVENIA Full country name: Republic of Slovenia (Republika Slovenija) Area: 20,273 sq km Population: 1.93 million Capital City: Ljubljana (pop 330,000) People: Slovenian 88%, Croat 3%, Serb 2% Language: Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, German, English Religion: Roman Catholic (72%), atheist (4.3%), Eastern Orthodox Christian (2.4%), Muslim (1%), Protestant (1%) Government: parliamentary democratic republic Head of State: President Janez Drnovsek Head of Government: Prime Minister Anton Rop GDP: US$37.06 billion GDP per capita: US$19,200 Annual Growth: 3.5% Inflation: 8% Major Industries: Textiles, manufacturing, timber products, agriculture Major Trading Partners: EU (esp. Germany, Croatia, Italy, France, Austria) Member of EU: Yes Ljubljana the capital city of Slovenia, Prešeren's square GREEN MEDITERRANEAN The Slovene coast which measures 46.6 kilometres is covered with abundant vegetation. Here is a natural reserve with a rich supply of marl and sandstone and the unique Strunjan cliff which ascends 80 metres above the sea and is the highest flysch wall on the Adriatic coast. Here are the Sečovlje saltworks, first mentioned in the 13th century. Due to their extremely abundant natural and historical heritage they were named a regional park and are a rich sanctuary of plant and animal worlds. Map of Slovenian coast The Church above Piran Piran Izola with fishing boats Sečovlje, salt pans and sunset Olive picking Postojna Cave - A World Famous Miracle of Nature The Postojna Cave is one of the largest and most easily accessible world caves where visitors are carried by electric train. Its stalactites, stalagmites, pillars, and translucent curtains constantly create unforgettable impressions, and the underground cave waters offer shelter to a unique resident, the amphibian Proteus anguinus or human fish.
    [Show full text]
  • Groundwater Bodies at Risk
    Results of initial characterization of the groundwater bodies in Croatian karst Zeljka Brkic Croatian Geological Survey Department for Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Zagreb, Croatia Contractor: Croatian Geological Survey, Department for Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Team leader: dr Zeljka Brkic Co-authors: dr Ranko Biondic (Kupa river basin – karst area, Istria, Hrvatsko Primorje) dr Janislav Kapelj (Una river basin – karst area) dr Ante Pavicic (Lika region, northern and middle Dalmacija) dr Ivan Sliskovic (southern Dalmacija) Other associates: dr Sanja Kapelj dr Josip Terzic dr Tamara Markovic Andrej Stroj { On 23 October 2000, the "Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy" or, in short, the EU Water Framework Directive (or even shorter the WFD) was finally adopted. { The purpose of WFD is to establish a framework for the protection of inland surface waters, transitional waters, coastal waters and groundwater (protection of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, reduction in pollution groundwater, protection of territorial and marine waters, sustainable water use, …) { WFD is one of the main documents of the European water policy today, with the main objective of achieving “good status” for all waters within a 15-year period What is the groundwater body ? { “groundwater body” means a distinct volume of groundwater within an aquifer or aquifers { Member States shall identify, within each river basin district: z all bodies of water used for the abstraction of water intended for human consumption providing more than 10 m3 per day as an average or serving more than 50 persons, and z those bodies of water intended for such future use.
    [Show full text]
  • Sava River Position Paper Prepared by Euronatur Supported by Croatian Society for Bird and Nature Protection (HDZPP) and Birdlife Slovenia (DOPPS)
    Sava River Position Paper Prepared by EuroNatur Supported by Croatian Society for Bird and Nature Protection (HDZPP) and BirdLife Slovenia (DOPPS) Introduction EuroNatur has been dedicated to nature conservation and the sustainable use of natural resources in the Sava River Basin for the last 25 years. In our role as an official observer of the Sava Commission EuroNatur has been following the processes of the Commission and the ongoing development of the Sava River Basin Management Plan with attention. Hereby we would like to comment on some questions related to further infrastructural development and regulation of the Sava River, which are urgent and alarming from our point of view. Moreover, we are offering recommendations and suggestions regarding these issues. Comments on the focus of the Sava Commission (ISRBC) The International Sava River Basin Commission (ISRBC) has been established for the purpose of realization of the following goals: I. Establishment of an international regime of navigation on the Sava River II. Establishment of sustainable water management III. Undertaking of measures to prevent or limit hazards Although the second goal includes the availability of “water in sufficient quantity and of appropriate quality for the preservation, protection and improvement of aquatic eco-systems (including flora and fauna and eco-systems of natural ponds and wetlands)” no working group was implemented that is adequately dealing with such issues as the monitoring and protection of the Sava River and connected aquatic ecosystems. Most publications that were elaborated by the ISRBC so far miss a clear reference to biodiversity and nature conservation topics, but deal with navigation and water management issues.
    [Show full text]
  • ACTIVE FLOOD DEFENCE in CROATIA: Regulatory Framework, Roles & Responsibilities
    Workshop on Flood Risk Management measures & links to EU WFD November 11-12, 2015, Zagreb, Croatia ACTIVE FLOOD DEFENCE IN CROATIA: regulatory framework, roles & responsibilities Zoran Đurokovi ć, M.Sc.C.E. Croatian Waters Main Flood Protection Centre Head of Main Centre ∗ Climate change has intensified in recent years worldwide, including Croatia ∗ Extremely dry and wet periods have been alternating frequently in the last approximately 15 years ∗ Damage from extreme hydrological events is increasing ∗ “Average” or “normal” years are becoming increasingly rarer ∗ The frequency of high water waves and extreme water levels including floods is increasing ∗ There are almost no longer any rules concerning the occurrence of high water waves ∗ Forecasting climate models indicate increasingly frequent extreme climate events, both globally and locally ∗ Only in the last 15 years or so, the major part of the Croatian territory has experienced frequent extreme hydrological events which caused droughts in the years 2000, 2003, 2011 and 2012, but also floods in the years 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 ∗ Heavy damage is recorded, primarily in agriculture, but settlements, infrastructure and industrial facilities are also at risk ∗ Still, unlike in many other countries, major fatalities and disastrous damage in the urban areas have been avoided in Croatia ∗ Floods are natural phenomena which cannot be completely prevented. However, flood risks can be reduced to an acceptable level through constant development of flood
    [Show full text]